人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future优秀课件ppt

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2.4 Assessing Your Progress基础知识自测Ⅰ.选词填空potential,available,resistance,artificial,secure,constant,innovation,predict,automatic,distant1.UNESCO recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music,its significance,and its 　　　　as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures. 答案：potential2.Lockers (储物柜)are 　　　　to store any belongings during your visit. 答案：available3.The 　　　　(抵制)to vaccine (疫苗)has continued for decades,and it is driven by a real but very small risk. 答案：resistance4.The real problem relates to the possibility that 　　　　intelligence (AI)may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want. 答案：artificial5.We have yet to invent a firewall that is 　　　　against ordinary humans,let alone super intelligent machines. 答案：secure6.We found that in 30mph zones older drivers struggled to keep at a　　　　 speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. 答案：constant7.(2018·江苏卷改编)I have a front-row seat to the 　　　　among small farmers that are transforming the industry. 答案：innovations8.(2018·北京卷改编)It’s hard to 　　　　when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. 答案：predict9.(2018·天津卷改编)Most campus buildings are equipped with 　　　　fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors,smoke detectors and sprinklers. 答案：automatic10.(2019·天津卷改编)To many people,technology means computers,hand-held devices,or vehicles that travel to 　　　　planets. 答案：distantⅡ.完成句子1.从这层意义上看,你的未来取决于你的态度。　　　　 　　　　　　　　,your future depends on your attitude. 答案：In this sense2.你能否预测下一个流行词是什么?Can you 　　　　what is the next popular word? 答案：predict3.工作人员说服大家在特殊时期待在家里。Workers 　　　　people 　　　　　　　　at home in the special period. 答案：persuaded;to stay4.这些可获得的新产品在市场上很受欢迎。These new products 　　　　are 　　　　in the market. 答案：available;popular5.高效的工作方法使得这家公司快速发展。The　　　　work method makes the company 　　　　fast. 答案：efficient;developⅢ.翻译句子1.这些严格的措施将使居民安全。答案：These strict measures will keep residents secure.2.你的日常爱好会让你放松。答案：Your daily preference will make you relax.3.智能房子将能阻止严重的损失。答案：Smart houses will be able to prevent serious damage.4.即使你的朋友生活在遥远的地方,你依然可以每天和他们联系。答案：Even if your friends live in the remote places,you can still keep in touch with them.5.老人们经常提倡简单的生活。答案：The old people often advocate a simple life.6.政府说服人们采取严格措施以保护自己。答案：The government persuaded people to take strict measures to protect themselves.7.他什么也没说就离开,这使得他的父母很担心。答案：He left without saying anything,making his parents worried.8.按照指令,你将发现很容易进入这个系统。答案：Following the instruction,you will find it easy to enter the system.9.如果你掌握了一门外语,你将获得更多机会。答案：If you have a good command of a foreign language,you will get more opportunities.10.这栋建筑结合了传统思想和现代价值观。答案：The building has combined traditional thought and modern value.Ⅳ.组句成篇大家公认的是这些可获得的信息是高效研究的结果。从某种意义上看,说服大家一起努力工作显然有助于这个项目。大家预测下一个项目也会进展快速。答案：One possible version:It’s acknowledged that the information available is the result of efficient research.In a sense,persuading people to work hard together is apparently helpful to the project.It’s predicted that the next project will develop fast.学科素养提升Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2020·陕西咸阳高一质检)Adolescence(青春期)is an important time for growing strong bones.That’s especially true between the ages of 10 and 14 for girls,and 12 to 16 for boys.But how strong someone’s bones become depends on how active the person has been during those years,according to a new study.Leigh Gabel led the new study.She is a bone-health researcher in Canada at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver.Her team studied the physical activity of over 300 students aged from 9 to 20 from local schools over the course of four years.For a week each year,the students wore small accelerometers(加速度计)around their wrists.They recorded each up-and-down movement and how strong those movements were and how long the person stayed active.Then at the end of the four years,the researchers examined each student’s leg and wrist bones to learn about their bone strength.Larger bones are usually stronger.The researchers also examined the pores(气孔),or spaces,inside those bones.All bones have such spaces.But stronger bones have fewer pores and smaller ones.The team then compared the bone strength of the students who had at least 60 minutes of activity per day with those who didn’t manage even 30 minutes of such exercise daily.They also compared the leg and wrist bones of the most active 75 or so students with the least active 75.After four years,the most active group had bones that were 8 percent stronger than the least active group.“Eight percent matters a lot,”says Gabel.“It could make the difference between breaking a bone down the road or not.When older adults with weak bones break their legs,they can end up in a wheelchair.If it is serious,some will never be able to walk again without assistance.”1.Why were accelerometers used in the study?A.To learn about the students’ lifestyles.B.To make students move more quickly.C.To know how active each student was.D.To record the times students bent the wrists.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“They recorded each up-and-down movement and how strong those movements were and how long the person stayed active.”以及下文的描述可知,使用加速度计的目的是记录学生的活跃程度,以便分析和研究学生的骨头强度和每天的运动量之间的关系。2.Which of the following bones are the strongest according to the text?A.Large bones with small pores.B.Large bones with many pores.C.Small bones with big pores.D.Small bones without space.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Larger bones are usually stronger.”和“But stronger bones have fewer pores and smaller ones.”可知,大的骨头一般更强壮,强壮的骨头气孔少而且小,所以选A。3.What can we learn from Gabel’s words in the last paragraph?A.Weak bones lead to the difficulty in walking.B.Weak bones increase the risk of getting broken.C.The least active 75 students may fall ill easily.D.The most active 75 students will never break their bones.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It could make the difference…When older adults with weak bones break their legs,they can end up in a wheelchair.”可知,骨头强度的差别可以产生巨大的差别,骨头强度弱的老人如果摔伤腿,可能会坐轮椅。也就是说,脆弱的骨头增加了骨折的风险。4.What may be the best title for the text?A.Being Active Helps Stay HealthB.Strong Bones Are Important for the OldC.Active Teens Build Strong Bones for LifeD.Students’ Physical Conditions Are Not Good答案：C解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知,成年人骨头的硬度取决于青春期的活跃程度。换句话说,精力充沛、好运动的青少年其实是在为自己的一生强健骨骼。故C项能概括文章的内容。Ⅱ.七选五 (2020·湖南郴州高一质检)Stay on the Brighter Side of LifeOne very important component of optimism is gratitude or feeling grateful.In fact,there is a strong connection between a grateful attitude and a heightened sense of well-being.Appreciate all the positives in your life by starting a gratitude journal in order to remember what you’re grateful for.　1　 Feeling down?Instead of feeling sorry for yourself waiting for the universe to throw you a bone,try acting like you’re happy—even if you aren’t.A sincere smile and a forced smile cause the same chemical reactions in your brain,so you can actually fool your mind into feeling it react chemically as if things were going well.　2　 Reassure yourself that everything is good—even if you don’t feel it. “　3　 If you’re stuck in traffic,then everything else must be going horribly too,”says Anne Parker,a wellness counselor.By blowing negative events out of proportion,you’re setting yourself up for feeling down all day.Instead,acknowledge that you’re stuck in traffic,but also bring to mind something good,like the beautiful scenery outside the window.That way,you’ll get in the habit of forbidding negative circumstances from blanketing your whole day. Swearing to lose 20 pounds or to run a marathon seems like goals leading to happiness,but they take time to achieve.　4　 You may even end up admitting that you have been defeated.However,if you focus on the small milestones that occur along the way,you will feel positive about your progress,which will give you the strength to keep going. 　5　 Try making someone else’s day better.A report by United Healthcare and Volunteer Match found that volunteers are 72% more likely to characterize themselves as optimistic compared with non-volunteers.Plus,89% of volunteers say that volunteering has improved their sense of well-being,and 92% say that it enriches their sense of purpose in life. 1.　　　　　 　2.　　　　　 　3.　　　　 4.　　　  5.　　　 A.Try to help someone in need.B.Want to give your attitude a lift?C.People tend to think in an either-or way.D.Act in an optimistic way—smile,laugh,tell a joke.E.You’ll fail to appreciate more important things in your life.F.By focusing on not having accomplished them yet,you will start to feel down on yourself.G.By remembering the pleasant things in your life,you can actually turn a negative attitude around.答案：1.G　2.D　3.C　4.F　5.B　解析：1.根据第一段尤其是空格前的“Appreciate all the positives in your life by starting a gratitude journal”可知要记住一些愉快的事来获得幸福感,与G项信息一致。2.第二段讲到即使有不愉快的事,也可以通过调整心态来获得愉悦感,同时结合空格后面的“Reassure yourself that everything is good”可知,D项符合上下文。3.根据空格后的“If you’re stuck in traffic,then everything else must be going horribly too”可知人们在遇到不愉快的事时,应学会选择心态,与C项的意义相呼应。4.根据此空后一句“You may even end up admitting that you have been defeated.”可知,F项中的“focusing on not having accomplished them”与其呼应。5.结合本题的位置和后面“Try making someone else’s day better.”可知,此处表示提升幸福感的方法,就是做志愿者帮助别人,与B项意义一致。Ⅲ.完形填空 (2020·云南昆明高一期末)The moment I stepped off the plane after a writer’s conference,my youngest son Jeremy greeted me and cried out,“Poster paper Mama! I need poster paper.We’re having a 　1　at school.”  Being a housewife and writer,I felt like no matter how hard I tried,I couldn’t keep up with the needs of my 　2　.Back at home,Jeremy kept reminding me of the poster paper,but I just couldn’t 　3　 a minute for it.Gradually though,he began to speak more 　4　,almost 　5　 he were talking to himself.“Maybe he’ll just forget it,”I thought hopefully.So I put Jeremy’s request at the 　6　 of my long list of things to do. My third day home I managed to take fifteen minutes to type an article when a small 　7　 fell across my paper.I knew who it would be before I 　8　.Jeremy stood quietly watching me.Oh,Lord,please don’t let him say it again.I knew what he wanted but I needed to 　9　.I smiled 　10　 at Jeremy and kept typing.He 　11　 for a few more minutes,then turned and walked away.I almost didn’t hear his 　12　.“Competition is over tomorrow,anyway.”The small figure walking out of my room,a silent voice spoke urgently to my heart,“Get him that paper now.” “Let’s go to get the paper,Jeremy.”He stopped,　13　 and looked at me in 　14　.“You’re going to the store just for me?” I 　15　.Suddenly,a look of 　16　 shot across his face,erasing the disbelief.I don’t think I’ll ever 　17　 that moment.Later that day,he worked silently on the 　18　 all afternoon.And a few weeks later,a large yellow envelope came.Inside it was the Certificate of Award.So 　19　 was I that I didn’t turn away from his 　20　 to get him some poster paper. 1.A.race B.classC.ceremony D.competition答案：D解析：根据第三段中“Competition is over tomorrow,anyway.”可知,作者的小儿子问作者要招贴纸是为了参加比赛,故选D项。2.A.colleagues B.family C.neighbors D.relatives答案：B解析：作为一个家庭主妇兼作家,作者感到无论自己怎样努力,似乎都无法满足家人的需求,故选B项。3.A.spare B.wait C.spend D.lose答案：A解析：杰里米一直不停地跟作者提买招贴纸的事,但是作者就是无法抽出哪怕一分钟的时间来处理此事。spare节省,抽出,故选A项。4.A.slowly B.softly C.confidently D.loudly答案：B解析：根据下文“…he were talking to himself”可知,杰里米几乎是在自言自语了,说明他说话更轻声了,故选B项。5.A.as soon as B.as long asC.as though D.even if答案：C解析：根据下文“…he were talking to himself”可知此处是虚拟语气。as though似乎,好像,故选C项。6.A.bottom B.top C.beginning D.corner答案：A解析：根据上文可知,作者没时间管杰里米的事,她满怀希望地认为杰里米会把买招贴纸的事忘掉,所以就把这件事情放在了要做事项清单的最后,故选A项。7.A.letter B.foot C.image D.shadow答案：D解析：根据下文可知,有人进来了,他的影子落到了作者的文件上,故选D项。8.A.woke up B.stood up C.got up D.looked up答案：D解析：句意:还没抬起头,我就知道是谁了。look up向上看,故选D项。9.A.rest B.type C.learn D.exercise答案：B解析：根据上文中“I managed to take fifteen minutes to type an article”可知,作者当时需要打字,故选B项。10.A.widely B.happily C.weakly D.politely答案：C解析：根据后面“and kept typing”可知,作者勉强对杰里米笑了一下,就继续打起字来。weakly虚弱地,无力地,故选C项。11.A.watched B.searchedC.hesitated D.complained答案：A解析：根据上文“Jeremy stood quietly watching me.”可知,杰里米又注视了“我”几分钟,然后转身离开,故选A项。12.A.comment B.footsteps C.warning D.advice答案：A解析：“Competition is over tomorrow,anyway.”是杰里米在离开房间的时候说的话,这句话表达了杰里米的想法,而非警告(warning)或建议(advice),故选A项。13.A.fell over B.sat downC.turned around D.walked away答案：C解析：根据上文内容可知杰里米刚转身离开,作者说了句“Let’s go to get the paper,Jeremy.”,于是杰里米停下了脚步,转过身来看着她。turn around转身,故选C项。14.A.peace B.astonishmentC.relief D.silence答案：B解析：由于作者一直不管杰里米的事,这时她突然说要去给他买招贴纸,所以令杰里米很惊讶。astonishment惊讶,故选B项。15.A.doubted B.argued C.apologized D.nodded答案：D解析：根据下文“…erasing the disbelief.”可知,作者点头(nod)了,故选D项。16.A.surprise B.sadnessC.disappointment D.excitement答案：D解析：作者点头后,杰里米的脸上顿时洋溢着兴奋(excitement)的神情,怀疑的神情被抹去,故选D项。17.A.enjoy B.remember C.forget D.value答案：C解析：看到杰里米开心的样子,作者认为她永远不会忘记那一刻,故选C项。18.A.story B.questionC.poster D.composition答案：C解析：根据后面得奖的内容可知,在买到招贴纸后,杰里米整个下午都在忙着做海报,故选C项。19.A.grateful B.generous C.forgetful D.selfless答案：A解析：根据上文“Inside it was the Certificate of Award.”可知,信封里装着获奖证书,作者感激自己没有忽视儿子的请求,否则就不会有机会看到儿子获奖了。grateful感激的,故选A项。20.A.opinion B.request C.promise D.gift答案：B解析：买招贴纸是杰里米对作者的请求。request要求,请求,故选B项。Ⅳ.语法填空　　Around twenty years ago,I was going through hard 　1　(time).I couldn’t find a 　2　(satisfy)job.To my shame,I had to drive a school bus to make ends meet.One afternoon,while 　3　 (drive)through a suburban neighborhood,I was so sad that I kept asking 　4　(I),“Why has my life become so hard?What’s wrong with the world?”Then I pulled over the bus to drop off a little girl.As she passed,she 　5　(hand)me a pretty earring,saying she found it on the floor of the bus and I should keep it in case the owner came to look for it.In the evening the owner did come to look for her earring.When I gave it to her,she got very excited and said 　6　(excited),“Thanks,you are a real gentleman.” I told her that she should thank the little girl 　7　had found it.She said,“Yes,and you are a good driver,too.What 　8　lovely world it is!”Then she left with satisfaction.I 　9　(touch)by her words.I had thought something was wrong with the world just because of my poor condition.　10　fact,nothing was wrong with the world.I should change my attitude towards life. 1.　　　　　 　2.　　　　　 　3.　　　　 4.　　　  5.　　　  6.　　　 7.　　　  8.　　　  9.　　　 10.　　　 答案：1.times　2.satisfying　3.driving　4.myself　5.handed　6.excitedly　7.that/who　8.a　9.was touched　10.In　解析：1.表示“一段时期”时,time为可数名词。2.空处做定语修饰job,表示“令人满意的”,故填形容词satisfying。3.while引导的状语从句中省略了主语和系动词,完整结构为“while I was driving through…”,主语I与drive之间为主动关系,故用现在分词。4.此处表示“不断地问自己”,故用反身代词myself。5.根据上下文可知,此处叙述过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时。6.修饰谓语动词said,应用副词,故填excitedly。7.先行词为“the little girl”,定语从句中缺少主语,故用关系代词that或者who引导定语从句。8.此处泛指“一个美好的世界”,故用不定冠词a。9.根据语境可知,此处用一般过去时,主语I与touch之间为被动关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。10.in fact事实上,为固定短语。Ⅴ.概要写作　　阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Have you ever seen a car without a driver?It sounds crazy,but these computer-driven driverless cars will soon be filling roads near you.Companies like Google and Tesla have been designing and testing these cars,and the technology is there.So how?The cars have sensors all around which can find other cars and objects in the road.Road signs are read by cameras,and satellite navigation systems(卫星导航系统)are used so the car knows how to get where you want to go.All you have to do is type in the address! Finally,a central computer system takes in all the information that it receives from the sensors and cameras and works out when to speed up,stop and turn.　　Sound like your idea of heaven?Sitting back,looking out of the windows and even watching a film or reading a book while “driving” would be possible with this new technology.You wouldn’t have to worry about remembering directions to where you’re going.In addition,computers would also drive more safely than people — they would obey the rules and have quicker action times when in dangerous situations.However,there are many drawbacks of driverless cars.Computers would have difficulties making ethical(道德的)decisions:if a child ran into the road,would the computer choose to hit the child or turn suddenly and potentially kill the car’s passengers?Moreover,I personally find driving fun—I’d miss never driving a car myself.There would also be many other decisions to be made—should children,or drunk people,be allowed in a driverless car by themselves?Or would there need to be a person with a driving license in the car all times?I’m not certain I’d want a driverless car—but it’s only a matter of time before they’ll become more affordable and popular on our roads.答案：One possible version:A car without a driver sounds crazy,but these cars will soon be filling roads.The cars have sensors all around which can find other cars and objects in the road.Computers would also drive more safely than people.However,there are many drawbacks of driverless cars.Computers would have difficulties making ethical decisions.