【备考2023】高考英语热点+重难点专题特训学案（全国通用）——名校模拟练05 语法填空

名校模拟练05 语法填空

                           (每篇限时5分钟)

（2022·浙江温州·一模）读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In the face of a changing climate and an ever-growing population, strengthening the world’s future food security has never been more important. That’s where seed banks come in, and their goal is ___1___ (preserve) as many plant species as possible. The Svalbard Global Seed Vault in Norway is the so-called “mothership” of seed banks and stores back-ups of more than one million plant ___2___ (sample).

Scientists have cross-bred (杂交) certain seeds to produce beans and potatoes that are ___3___(rich) in vitamins, zinc and iron than standard varieties. These ___4___ (improve) varieties have been sent to Africa and elsewhere in Latin America, ___5___ benefits for public health. But seed bankers still need to work fast.

According to ___6___ UN Food and Agriculture Organization, 75% of global crop species ___7___ (lose) over the past century. At the same time, about 40% of the world’s plant species are at risk of extinction, ___8___ most of the world’s food comes from just a handful of plant and animal species. Though there are more than 7,000 plant species on the planet, just three——rice, maize and wheat——___9___ (be) the staple food of over half the world’s population. That is ____10____ seed banks are so important.

（2022·河北·开滦第一中学高三阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Turkey has a new name—at least at the United Nations. The____11____(organize) has agreed to recognize it as Türkiye after a request from the Turkish government,____12____has been working to change the nation’s name since last winter. The move is part of a campaign to avoid some bad____13____(impression) that are associated with the bird, turkey.

“Searching ‘Turkey’ online____14____(bring) up a lot of images, articles, and dictionary definitions that associate the country with the turkey that is a large bird native to North America and is famous____15____being served on Christmas or Thanksgiving dinners,” explains the letter. “In the Cambridge Dictionary, ‘turkey’ is defined as something that fails badly or____16____stupid person.”

The UN spokesman confirmed receipt of the letter late on Wednesday and declared that the name change has become effective since the letter____17____(receive).

The country called itself “Türkiye” in 1923 after its declaration of independence. Much of the Turkish public has already recognized that name, though the English version is____18____(common) seen inside the country as well.

Earlier this year, the government also published a promotional video as part of its attempts____19____(change) its name in English. The video showed tourists from across the world saying “Hello Türkiye”. The Turkish government said the campaign’s goal was to raise global awareness about_____20_____(use) the country’s original name.

（2020·陕西·安康市教学研究室三模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Experts say a recent change in the color of the Mekong River—from yellowish-brown to sky-blue-could be a worrying sign. They say the change suggests a possible problem ___21___ (cause)by dams that have been built along the Mekong. The river covers ___22___ distance of 4, 300 kilometers. It begins high in the mountains of Tibet and flows through China and five other countries.

The Mekong usually has a yellowish-brown color ___23___ results from the sediment(沉淀物)it normally carries. But recent ___24___ (report)say it has been running clear and taking on a bluish-green color. At the same time, the water levels ___25___ (become)unusually low, creating sandbanks that enable people ___26___ (stand)in the middle of the river. The low water levels ___27___ (clear)cause problems for fishermen and farmers. But experts in Thailand say the decrease in sediment ___28___ (represent)a different threat, one that can result in a greater erosion of the sides and bottom of the river.

Experts and people living along the river blame the changes ___29___ . a large dam upriver in Laos. The dam began operating in October. Critics say it is blocking much sediment from flowing down the river. About 70 million people depend on the Mekong River for water, food, jobs, agriculture and transportation. Critics say several large dam projects along the Mekong are harming the river and ____30____ (it)environment.

（2022·河南新乡·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Xi’an City Wall,___31___is a symbol of the history and culture of Xi’an, the capital of Shaanxi Province, has become an important city brand after continuous improvements.

The Xi’an City Wall___32___(build) in the early Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) on the foundation of the imperial city walls of the Sui (581-618) and Tang (618-907) dynasties. It is the___33___(old), most well preserved, and largest ancient city wall in the world.

The city wall is more than 600 years old and suffers from cracks and flaky (薄片的) soil on a daily basis. In addition to___34___(extreme) large amounts of manual work, technology also provides___35___protective barrier for the city wall. “We have installed 8,700 metal detectors on the city wall___36___( monitor) various dynamic data such as the pH level___37___the soil, moat (护城河) water level and daily soil moisture (水分) changes,” said Wu, who is a worker of the Xi’an City Wall Management Committee.

In addition to the Hanguang Gate Relic Site Museum, the watchtowers on the city wall have also been transformed into public cułtural and art___38___(site) such as the Jinhuidui Art Museum, Armor Museum, and City Brick Museum. So far, the city wall___39___(launch) a series of cultural and creative products, mystery boxes, and digital collections,____40____(attract) many visitors.

（2022·四川泸州·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Zhu Dejun’s first job after graduating from college was as a road design engineer in his hometown. Part of his regular work was patrolling (巡逻) Alshaa Left Banner, which covers 80,000 square kilometers ___41___ has a population of around 170,000.

In 2011, Zhu was conducting a survey along with ___42___ (he) colleagues when he saw a plant that he didn’t recognize.

“I asked my colleagues and no one had the answer.” recalls Zhu. Lately, he learned ___43___plant was a saxaul tree.

Saxaul trees are an excellent tree species for sand fixation. It’s commonly seen, though easily ignored. It is widely distributed in Chinese desert regions. ___44___ (know) as a desert guardian (守护者), a fully grown saxaul tree can hold land.

“I didn’t expect the small plant would change my life,” says Zhu, 35, who quit his job in 2014 and ___45___ (join) an organization, the Society of Entrepreneurs and Ecology Conservation, or SEE, in the same year, concentrating ___46___ dealing with desertification (沙漠化).

In 2014, the SEE launched a project titled “one million saxaul trees”. By the end of 2018, the organization ___47___ (achieve) half of its goal.

Through the participation of a greater number of online ___48___ (user), who grow virtual trees, the SEE Foundation has been providing subsidies (补贴) while offering ___49___ (power) support in technology for desert areas.

Now, Zhu is the head of the project to battle against desertification. He also gives lectures about the fight against desertification at schools of Alshaa League, hoping ___50___ (raise) awareness among young people.

（2022·浙江金华·一模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Lake Powell, the second largest human-made reservoir (水库) in the US, has lost nearly 7% of its potential storage capacity since it ___51___ (build) in 1963.

In addition to water ___52___ (lose) due to years of drought, the US Geological Survey found, Lake Powell ___53___ (face) an average annual loss in storage capacity of about 33,270 acre-feet per year between 1963 and 2018. That’s enough water ___54___ (fill) the Reflecting Pool on the National Mall about 1,600 times.

The capacity of the reservoir is becoming smaller because of sediments (沉淀物) ___55___ (flow) in from the Colorado and San Juan rivers. Those sediments settle at the bottom of the reservoir ___56___ decrease the total amount of water that the reservoir can hold. It’s bad news for a region ___57___ has already faced water shortages and extreme wildfires due to the drought.

Lake Powell is ___58___ important reservoir in the Colorado River Basin. Both Lake Powell and nearby Lake Mead, the nation’s largest reservoir, are drying up ___59___ an alarming rate. In August, the government declared a water shortage on the Colorado River for the first time after Lake Mead’s water level decreased to a record low, leading to cuts in water consumption for the ___60___ (state) in the Southwest that began in January.

（2022·河南·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

On September 17, 2019, the Organizing Committee of the Winter Olympic Games officially announced the mascot (吉祥物)____61____(design) by Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts as the mascot of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games. After many discussions by ____62____ (expert) and scholars, the mascot got a new name-“Bing Dwen Dwen”. In the end, Bing Dwen Dwen, based on a panda,____63____ (select) from nearly 6,000 entries from 35 countries.

Bing Dwen Dwen is a panda with a high sense of science and technology. It attracts attention with its full-body “shell” made out of ice. Cao Xue, the lead designer, said the____64____ (inspire) actually came from traditional Chinese snack “ice-sugar gourd”, also known as tanghulu,____65____ is candied hawthorns (山楂) on a stick, while the shell also resembles a space suit-a nod to accepting new technologies for a future of infinite possibilities.

Well received ____66____ the tanghulu idea was, it wasn’t enough to represent the image (形象) of a big country. So the team tried again and again,____67____(change) the image in the ice shell into tiger, rabbit...Various ideas have been suggested and overturned, but eventually ____68____ was decided that China’s national treasure panda is the most beloved by people all over the world. In order to make the panda look more____69____(attract), Cao and his team members once_____70_____(fly) to China Wolong Daxiongmao Museum in Sichuan Province for field observation. “I hope it will become a classic, impressive memory in Olympic history,” said Cao.

       每篇限时7分钟                                

（2022·上海市光明中学模拟预测）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Friend or Enemy?

It’s clear that the viruses trapped in our genome (基因组)have brought us enormous benefits on an evolutionary timescale. But they aren’t all so helpful. Around one in 20 human babies is born with a new viral ‘jump’ somewhere in its genome, ____71____ could deactivate an important gene and cause disease. There’s increasing evidence that jumping transposons (跳跃基因) contributes to the genetic problems inside cancer cells. And research suggests that brain cells are particularly good locations for reactivating jumping genes, possibly increasing the diversity of nerve cells and enhancing our brainpower but also potentially causing ageing-related memory problems ____72____ (occur).

So are these viruses inside our DNA our friends or our enemies? Paolo Mita, a postdoctoral fellow researching transposons at NYU School of Medicine in New York, suggests that it’s a bit of ____73____.

“I’ll call them our ‘frenemies“ because when you look at their role in one human lifespan, they are going to produce negative effects if ____74____ (mobilize),” he explains. ”In the short term, they are our enemies. On the other hand, if you are looking across time, these elements are a powerful force of evolution and they are still active in our species today. Evolution is just the way that organisms respond ____75____ changes in the environment, and in this case they are definitely our friends because they have shaped ____76____ our genome works now.”

And are the viruses ____77____ (infect) us today going to have an impact on our evolution in the future? “Of course! The answer is why not?” laughs Mita. ”But it will be many generations ____78____ we can look back and say this evolution has happened. But you ____79____ see the remains of previous arms races in the genome between the endogenous retroviruses (内源性逆转录病毒)and the host cells. It’s a continuous battle, and I don’t think it _____80_____ ( stop ) ever. “

（2022·广西·柳铁一中模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

With simulated splits in the air, a man ___81___ (dress) in black jumps high and shows different poses before ___82___ (graceful) landing on the ground. So eye-catching is his dance____83____ it often attracts crowds that take pictures and ask what he is doing.

He is Chinese dancer-choreographer Ma Jiaolong, who ___84___ (make) and shared short videos of his dances in London since 2020. Ma has nearly 5 million followers on Douyin, ___85___major short-video platform known as TikTok overseas.

After Ma’s videos circulated widely online, he received lots of messages from people around the world, many of ___86___ were impressed by his ability ___87___ (dance) his moves perfectly. “I was fascinated by the dancers who portray roles of ancient ___88___ (hero) through the movements of Chinese classical dance. I wanted to be like ___89___ (they), who could bring ancient characters alive.”, recalls Ma. His devotion to dancing did lead him to a new approach_____90_____ creating dance.

（2022·上海·格致中学模拟预测）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

The New Zealand government has banned the sale of existing homes to foreign buyers, saying New Zealanders were sick of being “tenants in our own land”. Associate minister of finance David Parker said the ban would mean housing would become ____91____ (affordable) for locals, and supply would increase.

“We think the market for New Zealand homes and farms should be set by New Zealand buyers ____92____ overseas buyers,” said Parker in an interview with the Guardian. “That is to benefit New Zealanders who have their shoulder to the wheel of the New Zealand economy, pay tax here, have families here. We don’t think they ____93____ be outbid (出价高于) by wealthier people ____94____ overseas.”

Only a quarter of adults in New Zealand own their own home, ____95____(compare) with half in 1991,and in the last five years homeless figures have increased, ____96____ some New Zealanders forced to live in cars, garages and under bridges. A report by the Economist in 2017 found New Zealand had the most unaffordable house prices in the world, with prices in Auckland ____97____(climb) 75% in the last four years, ____98____ the market has cooled in recent months.

New Zealand has become a destination for Chinese, Australian and Asian buyers and ____99____(gain) a reputation as a bolthole (refuge) for the world’s wealthy, who view it as a safe haven from a potential nuclear conflict, the rise of terrorism and civil unrest, or simply as a place to get away from it all.

_____100_____ the latest figures from statistics New Zealand, 3.3% of homes sold in the last quarter were to foreigners, with the bulk of the buyers Chinese, followed by Australians. Tax residents of the UK, US and Hong Kong were also among the biggest buyers of property.

（2022·山东淄博·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Battle at Lake Changjin has made the China’s top-grossing (票房最高的) film. The development mirrors the advances of Chinese films in both quality and ___101___(popular) in recent years.

Set during the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, it tells the story of the Chinese People’s Volunteer Army (CPVA) fighting bravely in ___102___(freeze) weather in a vital campaign at Lake Changjin in 1950. Most of the winter uniforms ___103___ (intend) for the CPVA never arrived, leaving the soldiers with canvas (帆布) shoes and little more than thin cotton scarves to wrap ___104___ (they) in. Many people showed respect for the heroes ___105___ lost their lives. It also received millions of favorable reviews and clicks on several of the ___106___(country) most popular social media platforms.

The landscape of China’s box office is now much different from what it was years ago — in the early 2010s and earlier — when many of the yearly top earners ___107___(be) Hollywood titles. With a steady improvement in quality, domestic titles now account ___108___ a large majority of China’s yearly box-office income. The Battle at Lake Changjin even remained the highest-grossing title of the year ___109___(global). A report shows that 42 percent of Chinese moviegoers made their first movie theater visit of 2022 during the Spring Festival holiday,   ____110____ The Battle at Lake Changjin II was their first choice.

（2022·江西·临川一中模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A new way to restore Earth’s biodiversity—from the air

Every year, humans change 10 million hectares of land, and not for the better. Right now, there is ____111____ much damaged land around the world that we need to fix this fast. Fortunately, technology can help. Restoration is ____112____ enormous, complex challenge. It cannot be done by ____113____ ( simple ) planting trees. We need to bring native ecosystems back ____114____ life, which requires deep ____115____ ( ecology ) expertise. Until now, we have been limited to poor copies, like vast plantations of a single kind of tree.

But drones (无人机) change that by allowing us ____116____ ( gather ) data and plant the right mix of vegetation (植被) quickly. And the machine-learning ____117____ ( analyze ) enables us to monitor our restoration work. For example, in Australia, we’re using drone - based planting and ecology - trained AI to restore thousands of hectares of land mined for coal. Many native forests here in Australia ____118____ ( destroy ) by catastrophic bushfires over the last few years. This means reduced food sources and safe habitats for koalas. A new project will accelerate the restoration of thousands of hectares of koala forests.

With these technologies ____119____ ( combine ), we’re able to expand restoration from a small island to an entire continent. We can return forests to land _____120_____ a mine used to be, or recreate ecosystems like the one we’re hoping to restore on Lord Howe Island.

（2022·江苏南京·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Hugging’s Evolutionary Origins

Many of us are eager for the warmth of a hug nowadays. Humans biologically need touch, and a good long hug is one of the best ways ___121___ (get) it. Our need for a hug goes all the way back to the ___122___ (survive) of our species. When we’re born, we can’t care for ourselves and we need to be comfortable with being held in order to survive. We ___123___ (reward) when we have a comfortable hug. It is ___124___ rush of feel-good hormones (荷尔蒙) called oxytocin. When we can’t hug, we don’t get those good hormones.

We may not know ___125___ we’re getting from greeting our friends and family with a hug; we just enjoy it. It is not until those experiences are taken away that we feel pain and sadness. Some people grow up in more formal families ___126___ hugging isn’t common. Others may experience abuse that makes hugging ___127___ (please). ___128___ both cases, when children don’t experience healthy touch, their development will be affected. Kids who didn’t grow up ___129___ (hold) miss out on that sense of safety and protection. They may act out or separate from ___130___ around them. Sometimes, the opposite may also be true. Some children may hope for any form of positive attention that they didn’t get at home.

（2022·河北石家庄·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chinese culture is becoming more popular in young Namibians as they are pursuing the Chinese language. Rena Stephanus, ____131____ communication graduate, enrolled in (参加) a Chinese language course at the Confucius Institute at the University of Namibia this year.

“Chinese is one of the most widely ____132____ (speak) languages in the world. Wherever you are in the world, you will be exposed to the language one way ____133____ another. My curiosity about China and ____134____ (it) people motivated me to enroll,” she ____135____ (say) last Wednesday. Stephanus believed that the Chinese language is essential for her ____136____ (communicate). “The removing of communication barriers is the primary reason ____137____ I enrolled for Chinese.”

Although a ____138____ (begin) in the course, Stephanus has seen her interest grow in China’s history and the Chinese culture.

According to Stephanus, Chinese art, music and literature have now become an ____139____ (importance) part of her life. “The ____140____ (cultural) rich country has so much to be explored and the exposure to the language gradually improves my basic understanding of China and its people,” Stephanus said.

（2022·宁夏·银川一中三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In southern China, there is a famous road ___141___(build) across Poyang Lake, which lies in the north of Jiangxi Province, China and is known as China’s second ___142___ (large) lake. People in China also call it “the most beautiful road under the water.”

This road is sure ___143___ (attract) a lot of attention towards the end of May every year. A lot of people come out of ___144___ (curious). The water level of the lake is so close to the surface of the road, ___145___ makes the view ahead broad and bright when people drive along. It’s as though they were taking a boat across the lake. The feeling is ___146___ (simple) wonderful!

For the next few months, this road is not above the surface___147___under the water. When the water level of Poyang Lake starts to go up, the road surface becomes unseen. However, drivers can still drive across the lake safely ___148___ watching the guardrails(防撞护栏) fixed on either side of the road. For thrill-seeking motorists, it’s like ___149___ (drive) an amphibious(水陆两栖的) super car. Then in a few days, the entire road ___150___ (flood) with the continuously rising water. A few months later, the road will reappear.

（2022·浙江·慈溪中学模拟预测）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Emerging evidence in humans suggests a ____151____ (typical) Western high-fat, high-sugar junk food diet can quickly weaken your brain's appetite control.

After offering volunteers a week-long binge (大吃大喝) of waffles, milkshakes and similarly rich foods, researchers in Australia found young and healthy ones scored worse on memory tests and experienced a ____152____ (great) desire to eat junk food, even when they were already full.

The findings suggest something is special in the hippocampus (海马体)-a region of the brain ____153____ supports memory and helps to regulate appetite. When we are full, the hippocampus is thought to quieten down our memories of delicious food, thereby ____154____ (reduce) our appetite. When it’s interrupted, ____155____ control can be seriously damaged. Over the years, extensive research on ____156____ (mouse) has found the function of the hippocampus is very sensitive to junk food, but recently this has been observed only in young and healthy humans.

In 2017, after a week of Western-style breakfasts of ____157____ (toast) sandwiches and milkshakes, researchers found participants performed worse on learning and memory tests which are typically dependent ____158____ the hippocampus.

Now, in this latest study the scientists of the team ____159____ (find) that not only do such high-fat, high-sugar diets impair memory in humans, but they appear to directly affect our ability _____160_____ (control) our appetite.

（2022·河南·开封市基础教育教研室三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A Chinese comedy focusing on the lives of walk-on actors has been screened in cinemas across the country on the first day of the Chinese Lunar New Year ____161____ an inspiration for audiences, ____162____ (show) respect for the less famous members of society.

The inspirational comedy Too Cool To Kill, featuring popular Chinese comedy actress Ma Li, tells ____163____ story of a walk-on actor named Wei Chenggong who ____164____ (give) a chance to play the main character in a new movie but ____165____ (accident) falls into a trap set by a group of gangsters.

“I hope this movie can bring more hope to the dream chasers, just like our main character Wei, and it will bring joy to us all,” said director Xing Wenxiong. “We all have our own script, ____166____ is life, and we need to be the captain of our own ship.”

____167____ (impress) by the jokes and rich storyline in the movie, many reviewers praised it after test screenings across the country. “This is a movie worth ____168____ (watch) with the family during Spring Festival, as the story gives a full ____169____ (describe) of what family love is,” said one reviewer on social media. “I think Wei Chenggong can refer to every ordinary person who is making an effort to get by while chasing their dreams. We might be small people but we get _____170_____ (strong) when we’re trying to reach our dreams,” said another.

（2022·湖南岳阳·三模）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Solar terms, also called Jieqi in Chinese, are days marking one of the 24 time buckets or the solar year in traditional Chinese calendar and___171___(use) to indicate the alternation of seasons and climate changes in ancient China.

The Yellow River Basin in Northern China is believed to be the cradle of the solar terms system. China's 24 solar terms are ___172___ knowledge system and social practice formed through ___173___ (observe) of the sun's annual motion and cognition of the year's changes in season, climate and phenology(物候学). Ancient Chinese divided the sun's movement through the sky ___174___ 24 segments(时间段), with each segment equaling one ___175___ (rough) two-week-long "solar term". ___176___ (base) on the sun's position in the zodiac, the 24 solar terms were created by farmers in ancient China to guide the ___177___ (agriculture) affairs and farming activities. They serve as an instruction  manual of sorts for farmers, ___178___ (allow) them to know ___179___ conditions to expect or what agricultural activities to carry out during certain periods of the year.

Solar terms are often called China's " ___180___ (five) great invention " after paper making, printing, gunpowder and the compass.

（2022·山东济南·二模）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Five-day work weeks are commonly accepted and practiced. But trials of a four day work week in Iceland were considered____181____( remarkable) successful.They led to many workers____182____ (move) to shorter hours and workers around the world are following the trend. Why has this practice gained ____183____ ( popular) and is it possible to apply it cross culturally?

The rials,____184____involved more than 2, 500 workers took place in 2015. It____185____(report) that productivity remained the same or improved in the majority of workplaces. Meanwhile, they found their working conditions were____186____ (little) stressful and they were no longer at risk of burnout, and their health and work life balance had also improved.

Therefore, the world’s largest ever trial of a shorier working week was by any measure____187____complete success. It shows that the public is service is ripe for being a pioneer of shorter working weeks and____188____ (lesson) can be learned by other governments.

A number of other trials are now being run across the world. For instance, unilever in New Zealand is giving staff a chance to cut their hours by 20%____189____hurting their pay in a trial. People feel actually more____190____( attach) to the job in that they get rewarded by having more time.

（2022·重庆南开中学模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。

The 9, 000-plus volunteers at the Beijing 2022 Paralympic Winter Games have played ___191___vital role in ensuring that all aspects of life for the sportsmen, both on and off the field of play, have gone ___192___(smooth).

To meet the diverse needs of the para ___193___(athlete) and all participants, the volunteers ___194___(go) through a strict training program, which included training for basic medical and first-aid, how to use wheelchairs, and the ___195___(guide) on when to provide assistance and ___196___to communicate best.

Liu An’ an is one of the volunteers to have also served at the Beijing 2008 Summer Games. Back then, Liu was a sophomore student at university. Now, 14 years later, she is still at university but this time she acts ___197___a lecturer, leading a team of her own students as volunteers at Beijing 2022.

Liu has spent over 150 days training and ___198___(participate) in these Games. She is ___199___(responsibility) for the traffic permits of all sorts of transportation vehicles, and needs to coordinate with over 100 different departments, including venues media, transportation and security.

“Becoming a volunteer ____200____has served both at the Beijing 2008 Summer Games and the Beijing 2022 Winter Games is a great honor for me, and I feel a strong sense of pride and responsibility,” said Liu.