专题02：语法填空之无提示词梳理——【新高考】2023年高考英语二轮专题总复习精讲精练（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份专题02：语法填空之无提示词梳理——【新高考】2023年高考英语二轮专题总复习精讲精练（原卷版+解析版），文件包含专题02语法填空之无提示词梳理解析版新高考2023年高考英语二轮专题总复习精讲精练docx、专题02语法填空之无提示词梳理原卷版新高考2023年高考英语二轮专题总复习精讲精练docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共32页， 欢迎下载使用。


【解法思维导图】
【解题步骤思维导图】
(一)高频考点之一：填介词
解题攻略
第一步：确定是否填介词：
首先，分析句子结构，发现名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时， 其前面一般是填介词。
第二步：根据句意及固定搭配判断填介词：
分析句子结构， 发现空格放在名词前后时， 应考虑名词与介词的搭配；
分析句子结构， 发现空格放在不及物动词后名词前时， 应考虑动词与介词的搭配；
分析句子结构， 发现空格放在形容词后名词前时， 应考虑形容词与介词的搭配。
【例】 [2021·浙江卷1月]The study fund that between 1985 and 2017，average rural BMI increased ________ 2.1 in wmen and men.
分析：第一步：确定填介词。分析句子成分可知，此处考查动词与介词的搭配。
第二步：判断代词的形式。
句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年，农村地区女性和男性的平均体重指数增加了2.1。此处表示升高的幅度，故用介词by。
快捷思维
1.句意明，辨成分
① 锁定“________＋名词/ 动名词”模式， 且名词或动名词不作主语、表语， 也不作动词的宾语， 此时要考虑填介词。
② 锁定“谓语动词＋________”模式， 大多数情况下需要填介词。
③锁定“形容词＋________＋名词”模式，考虑形容词与介词的搭配。
2.介词多义看语境
(1)表示时间的in, n, at
①in表示在某段较长的时间内(如世纪、年代、月份等)或泛指上午、下午、晚上等。
②n表示在具体的日子或具体的某一天的上午、下午、晚上等。
③at表示某个时间点、时刻等。
(2)表示方位的thrugh和acrss
①thrugh表示“从……的内部穿过”。
②acrss表示“从……表面穿过”。
(3)表示交通方式的by和n/in
①by后可直接跟涉及交通工具的单数名词，名词前不加冠词。
②n/in后跟交通工具时，名词前应有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等修饰语。
(4)表示“用……”的by, in, with
①by指“靠……手段，用……方法，凭借……”，后可接名词、代词或动名词。
②in多用于表示语言、材料的名词前。
③with多用于表示工具或身体器官的名词前。
(5)f 表示所属关系，“……的”
“f＋n.”相当于该名词对应的形容词
3.依据句式和搭配填介词
(1)与动词搭配， 如：
remind sb. f sth. 提醒某人某事；
rb sb. f sth. 抢劫某人某物；
g back t/ date frm 追溯至；
exchange ... fr ... 交换……；
cme abut 发生；
run ut f 用完；
accunt fr 占……比例； 说明……的原因
(2)与名词或代词搭配，如：
by accident 偶然；
in truble 陷入困境，陷入麻烦；
in spite f 尽管，虽然；
in turn 依次，转而；
in return 作为报答；
at risk 处于危险中；
n bard 乘(飞机、船)；
n average 平均
(3)与形容词搭配，如：
be curius abut 对……感到好奇；
be prud f 因……而自豪；
be rich in 在……方面丰富
(二)高频考点之二：填冠词
第一步：确定是否填冠词：
首先，分析句子结构，看空格后是否有名词；
第二步：判断特指还是泛指：
①看空格后有单数可数名词，搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑不定冠词a/an；
②若发现空格后有名词，搭配后表示特指时，应考虑定冠词the；
③看看是否是固定搭配
【例】 [2021·全国卷乙]Due t ________ grwing ppularity f envirnmentally-related and adventure travel，varius types f trips are nw being classified as ecturism.
分析：第一步：确定填冠词。分析句子成分可知，空处有名词ppularity。
第二步：判断特指还是泛指。
考查冠词。名词ppularity后有定语，故其前应用定冠词the表特指，the grwing ppularity f...“……的日益流行”。
1.不定冠词a/an
分析句子结构， 发现空格后有单数可数名词，搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑不定冠词a/an。
用不定冠词a/an的常考点：
①泛指一类人与物，表示“一”概念；
②在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。
2.定冠词the
分析句子结构， 发现空格后有名词，搭配后表示特指时，应考虑定冠词the。
用定冠词the的常考点：
①特指某人或某事；
②用在序数词或最高级前或有nly, very, same 等修饰的名词前；
③用在世界上独一无二的东西及某些专有名词前；
④用在乐器名词前；
⑤用在“逢十”的年代前，表示“在某世纪几十年代”。
3.固定搭配中的冠词
固定搭配或抽象名词具体化的名词前用冠词
(1)定冠词用在固定搭配中，如：
at the same time, n the cntrary，
t tell the truth, in the distance, make the mst/best f, n the spt等。
(2)不定冠词用在固定搭配中，如：
catch a cld, have a fever,
all f a sudden, as a matter f fact，
as a result, have a gift fr，
make a living, give sb. a lift，
have a gd knwledge f等。
(3)动词(catch/take/hit等)＋sb.＋介词＋the＋身体部位。
(三)高频考点之三：填从属关联词和并列连词
解题攻略
第一步：如何确定并列连词：
如果两个单词、短语、句子相并列的成分相互之间存在并列、转折、选择、因果关系填并列连词。
第二步：如何确定引导词：
如果空处引导从句，则首先要看它所引导的是哪一种从句，然后根据引导词的种类和功能来确定填哪一个引导词。
【例】 [2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain，still it highlights the whle adventure ________ ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur aching legs.
分析：第一步：如何确定并列连词
分析句子结构可知， highlights 与ffers 是两个并列谓语。
第二步：如何确定连词
本空连接两个谓语动词(highlights和ffers)，表示顺接关系，因此这里填并列连词。
（四）高频考点：填代词
第一步：确定是否填代词：
首先，分析句子结构，发现句子缺少形式主语或形式宾语时， 应考虑用it；
第二步：判断是否指代上文中提到的人或物：
分析句子结构， 发现指代上文中所提到的人或物时， 应考虑用相应的代词。
【例】 [2021·广东省模拟二]It was wrth it, thugh. I still have that glden headdress, as ________ reminds me f thse unfrgettable days.
分析：第一步：确定填代词。分析句子成分可知，空处指代上文中所提到的物。
第二步：判断代词的形式。
句意：但这是值得的。我仍然留着那个金色的头饰，因为它让我想起了那些难忘的日子。分析句子，根据句意可知，此处连词as后应用代词it作主语，指前面的事物that glden headdress。
快捷思维
1.句意清，指代明
无提示词类填空， 当句中缺少主语或宾语时， 一般要填代词， 主要包括不定代词和it。
①如果空格前文出现了单数名词，并且空处作主语，可根据代指的情况用he，she或者it。
②如果空格前文出现了单数名词，并且空处作宾语，可根据代指的情况用him，her或者it。
③如果空格前文出现了复数名词，并且空处作主语，填they。
④如果空格前文出现了复数名词，并且空处作宾语，填them。
2.it的用法
①指代天气、时间、距离等
②代替上文提到过的事物
③分析句子结构， 发现句子缺少形式主语或形式宾语时， 应考虑it。
④it的常用固定句型
·It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/wh＋句子其他成分
·It＋be＋形容词＋f/fr sb.t d sth.
·It is n gd/n use/useless/a waste f time ding sth.
·hate/like/enjy it that ...讨厌/喜欢……
·when it cmes t ...当谈到……
·as sb. puts it正如某人所言
·make it成功
_____
优选真题演练

【2021年新高考全国I卷】
Ging t Munt Huangshan reminds me f the ppular Beatles’ sng“The Lng and Winding Rad”. ____56____is s breathtaking abut the experience is the ut-f-this-wrld scenes. The rlling sea f cluds yu see nce yu are at the tp will remind yu hw tiny we ____57____ (human) are.
The ht spring at the ft f the muntain is smething yu must try after the climb. It will ____58____(undubted) help yu get refreshed! The amazing thing abut the spring is that the clder the temperature gets, the ____59____ (ht) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s hw nature is — always leaving us ____60____(astnish).
What cmes next is the endless series f steps. Yu can’t help wndering hw hard it ____61____ (be) fr the peple then t put all thse rcks int place. Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain, still it highlights the whle adventure ____62____ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur ____63____ (ache) legs.
As the sng ges, this lng and winding rad “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitr’s memry. It sure des in ____64____(I).While yu’re in China, Munt Huangshan is ____65____ must t visit!
【2021年新高考全国II卷】
I've always lved the cean. In the____36____ (seven) grade,I started vlunteering at the Mnterey Bay Aquarium in Califrnia. I was upset t learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ____37____ (think)it is fd.
I decided t d smething ____38____ (educate) peple abut this prblem. I held presentatins at schls t teach kids abut plastic waste. I wanted t reach businesses t. I decided that if I learned f a cmpany____39____ used a lt f plastic, I'd send it an email urging it t cut back.
One day, I saw a cmmercial fr a health-care cmpany. Peple in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）. I fund the cntact infrmatin f the cmpany____40____ emailed its president. I tld him hw ____41____ (harm) plastic culd be t the envirnment and asked him t cnsider using mre ec-friendly ptins. I was s____42____ (excite) when he wrte back t me.He said he wuld make sure that the cmpany cut its use f plastic straws in half.
I kept ging. Whenever I heard f businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One f the biggest cmpanies I wrte t ____43____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A cmpany ____44____ (represent) wrte back and tld me the airline was switching ver _____45_____ plastic t paper cups n all f its 1,200 daily flights.
_____
名校好题必测
山东省潍坊市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中英语试题
阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When it cmes t ancient civilizatins, mst peple think f the Greeks and Rmans. It’s understandable as bth ____36____ (shape) mdern sciety in sme way s far, whether it be their scial, cultural, r plitical influences. Hwever, dzens f civilizatins had been arund lng ____37____ the Greeks and Rmans, the lesser-knwn Jiahu peple ____38____ (include).
The Jiahu settlement is lcated in the central plain f ancient China, ____39____ area knwn tday as the Henan Prvince. The peple created the cuntry’s ldest recgnized civilizatin. The area is rich in artifacts, ____40____ (make) it an archaelgist’s dream. Apart frm the usual finds, peple have uncvered recrds f the earliest examples f Chinese writing and prf ____41____ they were prducers f the wrld’s ldest wine. Anther remarkable discveries was the ldest wrking bne flutes (长笛). ____42____ (typical) carved frm the wing bne f a crane, they were mst likely used in special ceremnies. Rugh weaving tls and bne needles als ____43____ (unearth) frm the site, indicating that Jiahu residents may have pssessed basic weaving and sewing skills 8,500 years ag.
The settlement’s end came arund 5700 BCE when the nearby rivers verflwed and flded the area. It is assumed that the Jiahu peple left their hme ____44____ (settle) elsewhere, even thugh there is n indicatin as t _____45_____ that might have been.
广东省顺德区普通高中2022-2023学年高三上学期教学质量检测
In mid-September in 2022, t hnr the 110th anniversary f the birth f nuclear physicist Wu Chien-shiung, ____36____ glbal nline cnference was held t mark this anniversary. Cmpared with physicists such as Marie Curie, Wu is nt a husehld name in China r in the United States, ____37____ she was ne f the mst influential nuclear physicists f the 20th century.
Wu was brn n May 31, 1912, in Liuhe twn, Taicang, ____38____ the Yangtze River flws int the East Sea. Wu’s father, Wu Zhngyi, received a mdern ____39____ (educate) in Shanghai, and in 1913, ____40____ (fund) the first schl fr girls in Taicang. He aimed ____41____ (break) the ld sexist advcacy that it was wmen’s virtue t have n talents.
The father, absrbing the merits f Western ideas while bearing the great thughts rted deep in Chinese culture in mind, had the mst prfund influence ____42____ Wu Chien-shiung’s life. She spent mst f her life in the US, but always wre qipa. Wrking in the scientific wrld dminated by men, she never gave up r lwered her standards even if ____43____ (unequal) treated.
During her 44-year career as a nuclear physicist, Wu’s great ____44____ (achievement) wn her nicknames such as “Chinese Madame Curie”. She was the first wman t be president f American Physical Sciety, and the first female winner f the Cmstck Prize in physics ____45____ (give) by the US Natinal Academy f Sciences.
山东省潍坊市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中英语试题
China has nce again shwed its ability t change the wrld with its “fur great new _____36_____ (invent)”—high-speed rail, electrnic payment, shared bicycle, and nline shpping.
China’s new-generatin high-speed train, the FuxingHa, is nw ne f the _____37_____ (fast) trains in the wrld, which car travel at a speed f 350 km/h. Besides high-speed rail, China _____38_____ (imprve) peple’s lives in many ther innvative ways ver the last decade.
Bike sharing, fr example, is nt new itself. But China has made _____39_____ much mre cnvenient and ppular bth in China _____40_____ verseas. The leading Chinese bikesharing cmpanies Mbike and Of are nw perating in freign cuntries such as Singapre and Britain.
And back in China, when riding a shared bike, yu can stp _____41_____ (buy) and eat whatever yu want _____42_____ (simple) with a tap n yur phne. Yu culd easily pay with yur smartphne by _____43_____ (scan) the seller’s QR cde. Cashless payment has grwn int a _____44_____ (chse) fr Chinese peple - even a pancake seller is using Alipay (支付宝).
Besides, the fur innvative ways f life are mst appealing ______45______ yuths frm 20 cuntries participating in the Belt and Rad Initiative, and they wish their cuntries wuld emulate (模仿) China in terms f technlgical achievements.