高中外研版 (2019)Unit 3 On the move精练

Unit 3 The world of science Starting out & Understanding Ideas

一、单词填空

1.He has a _____(渴望) for success though he has failed many times.

2.We all thought she was a charming, intelligent, and very _____(有能力的) young woman.

3.This device helps make virtual _____(现实) a more usable and accessible technology.

4.You can go anywhere and still the _____(指南针) points north or south.

5.It asks you to act like water - to be _____(柔韧的) as well as strong.

二、 语法填空

6. China's  __________(impress) achievements in improving the living standards of its people are well recognized throughout the world.

7.Those in the 10 to 12 age group were "concerned with how many people like their posts" , suggesting a "need" for social  __________(recognize) that gets stronger the older they become.

8. The four great  __________(invent) in Ancient China are gunpowder, papermaking, printing and the compass.

9. I suggest that he  __________(deal) with the most urgent matters first and let the rest wait.

10. You should be careful or you will have to do  __________(addition) work to make up for the mistakes you make.

三、阅读理解

    Dogs are our best friends. That's especially true after a disaster, such as an earthquake. When buildings fall down, search-and-rescue dogs help find trapped people. Dogs' amazing noses can pick up the smell of survivors. Now scientists have developed an electronic tool that does the same thing. It's taking smell detection(探测) to a whole new level.

    The new invention is a sort of electronic nose, which can detect extremely low levels of many compounds(化合物) from people's skin. This isn't the first time engineers have developed such an object. Earlier models, however, have been bulky and expensive. They could not detect low levels of target compounds either. The new one is inexpensive and small enough to fit inside hand-held equipment.

    The electronic nose can detect extremely slight smell of more than one compound at the same time. "Being able to do this, in such a small object, is the significant discovery," says Sotiris E. Pratsinis, Professor of Process Engineering and Materials Science at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich. His team tested it in special spaces. They were like the small spaces where people might be trapped. Chemicals given off by the volunteers built up inside. The electronic equipment detected those compounds at unbelievably low levels.

    The results were good news for the research team. But they may be not for our four-legged friends, who could soon be out of a job. "Ideally, this technology could replace search-and-rescue dogs," Pratsinis says.

    Stephen Taylor, an electrical engineer, agrees that the new technology has some benefits over dogs. Still, he thinks it may be too soon to have our trusty friends retire. He suspects, "I foresee that such an object could add to the fine work done by the dogs." Taylor also points out some potential limitations of the new invention. "E-noses are useful, but can be very likely to be affected by unstable readings and interruption," he says.

1.Why does the author talk about dogs at the beginning?
A.To catch the readers' attention. 

B.To introduce the topic about e-noses.
C.To show what search-and-rescue dogs do. 

D.To add background information for discussion.
2.Which of the following best explains "bulky" underlined in Paragraph 2?
A.Complex. B.Fragile. C.Handy. D.Large.
3.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A.What e-noses' working principle is.
B.How e-noses are made.
C.What differences between dogs and e-noses are.
D.How powerful e-noses are.
4.What does Stephen Taylor mean?
A.Dogs and e-noses could work together. 

B.Search-and-rescue dogs will retire soon.
C.E-noses are more reliable than noses of dogs. 

D.Dogs are better at finding out trapped people.

四、完形填空

    Mr. Jones had always wanted to make a trip into the middle of Africa to photograph wild animals.     1     his wife had not wanted him to     2     her. At last his wife agreed to the trip if he allowed her to go, too.

    Mr. Jones     3     her, "It will be very hot and we shall live in a tent and it     4     be dangerous."

    "I don't care," said his wife. So they bought a big tent, camp beds and many other things, and went off to the     5     of Africa.

    The first morning,     6     Mr. Jones took his camera and left the tent, he     7     his wife a bell and explained to her, "If you feel in     8    , ring this bell."

    After a while, he heard the bell and came back quickly. "What's the matter?" he asked. "    9    ," said his wife, "I was only trying the bell."

    Mr. Jones went off, but after a while, the bell rang     10    . Mr. Jones hurried back to the tent, but his wife said, "I'm     11     but I was cleaning our tent, and I knocked the bell over     12    ."

    Mr. Jones returned to his photographing(拍摄) but soon he heard the bell. When he got back to his     13    , the tent was burning and Mrs. Jones was lying on the ground,     14    blood running from a big cut on her shoulder, "That's better!" said Mr. Jones. "This time the bell has been used     15    !"

1.A.And     B.But     C.Or     D.So
2.A.leave     B.miss     C.marry     D.care
3.A.informed     B.advised     C.reported     D.warned
4.A.may     B.ought     C.can't     D.shall
5.A.south     B.centre     C.east     D.west
6.A.while     B.until     C.before     D.after
7.A.gave     B.sent     C.lent     D.bought
8.A.hurry     B.surprise     C.safety     D.danger
9.A.Something     B.Nothing     C.No     D.None
10.A.again     B.once     C.across     D.away
11.A.happy     B.sorry     C.tired     D.right
12.A.on purpose     B.by design     C.at last     D.by mistake
13.A.garden     B.house     C.camp    D.office
14.A.in     B.on     C.with     D.for
15.A.correctly     B.quickly     C.crazily     D.anxiously

答案以及解析

一、单词填空

1.答案：desire

2.答案：capable

3.答案：reality

4.答案：compass

5.答案：flexible

二、语法填空

6.答案：impressive

解析：考查形容词。句意:中国在提高人民生活水平方面取得的令人瞩目的成就是举世公认的。achievements为名词复数,前面用形容词修饰。

7.答案：recognition

解析：考查名词。句意:那些在10到12岁年龄段的人“关心有多少人喜欢他们的帖子”,这表明他们“需要”社会认可,这种需要会随着他们年龄的增长而增强。social为形容词,后面跟名词。

8.答案：inventions

解析：考查名词。句意:中国古代四大发明分别是火药、造纸术、印刷术和指南针。根据句意及空前The four great可知,本空应用名词invention的复数形式。

9.答案：deal

解析：考查动词。句意:我建议他先处理最紧急的事情,别的事情可以先等一等。suggest 表示“建议”,后跟宾语从句时,从句谓语通常用“(should+)动词原形”。

10.答案：additional

解析：考查形容词。句意:你要小心,否则你将不得不做额外的工作来弥补你所犯的错误。work 为名词,前面用形容词修饰。

三、阅读理解

答案：1-4 BDDA
解析：1.推理判断题。第一段中, 作者先介绍了狗的鼻子有很多用途, 然后介绍科学家现在发明了可以做同样事情的电子鼻。由此可以推断, 先提及狗是为了引出电子鼻的话题, 故选B项。
2.词义猜测题。根据第二段中的Earlier models, however, have been bulky and expensive...The new one is inexpensive and small enough to fit inside hand-held equipment.可知, 早期的电子鼻比较昂贵且"bulky", 新型的电子鼻则体积小巧, 可放入手持设备内, 新旧形成对比, 由此猜测bulky是"庞大"的意思, 故选D项。complex意为"复杂的"; fragile意为"易碎的"; handy意为"方便的"。
3.主旨大意题。第三段主要介绍了电子鼻可以同时检测到多种化合物极其轻微的气味, 故选D项。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"I foresee that such an object could add to the fine work done by the dogs."可知, 斯蒂芬•泰勒认为电子鼻可以配合狗进行工作, 故选A项。

四、完形填空

答案：1-5.BADAB; 6-10.CADBA; 11-15.BDCCA
解析：1.但是(but)他的妻子不愿意他离开她。前后句之间为转折关系,故选B。and和;but但是;or或者;so因此。
2.妻子不愿意他离开(leave)她。根据下句allowed her to go, too可知,选A。leave 离开;miss思念;marry结婚;care关心。
3.琼斯先生警告(warn)她:“天气非常炎热,我们将住在帐篷里,可能会非常危险。”丈夫警告妻子,非洲的生活非常简陋、不舒适,这是一种警告,故选D。inform 通知;advise建议;report报道;warn警告。
4.天气非常炎热,我们将住在帐篷里,可能(may)会非常危险。存在危险是一种可能,故选A。may或许;ought理应;can't不可能;shall应该。
5.所以他们买了一个大号的帐篷,野营床垫,还有很多其他东西,然后出发来到了非洲中部(centre)。根据文章首句中的make a trip into the middle of Africa可知,选B。south 南部;centre中部;east东部;west西部。
6.第一天早餐,在琼斯先生拿着相机离开帐篷之前(before),他给了妻子一个铃铛。铃铛是琼斯先生在离开之前交给妻子的。故选C。while在……的同时;until直到……; before在……之前;after在……之后。
7.他交给(give)妻子一个铃铛,还解释了理由。give 给;send寄送;lend借给;buy买。
8.如果你感到有危险(danger),就摇响铃铛。根据前文it may be dangerous可知,选D。hurry 匆忙;surprise惊讶;safety安全;danger危险。
9.“没什么(nothing),”他的妻子说,“我不过是试试这个铃铛。”根据only trying the bell 可知,没有发生什么,故选B。something某事;nothing没事;no不;none一个也没有。
10.琼斯先生离开了,但是过了一会儿,铃声又(again)响了。这是铃声第二次响起,因此选A。again又,再;once一次;across跨过;away离开。
11.对不起(sorry),“我”在帐篷里打扫卫生,不小心打翻了铃铛。妻子不小心弄响铃铛,感到愧疚,故选B。happy高兴的;sorry抱歉的;tired劳累的;right正确的。
12.妻子不小心(by mistake)打翻了铃铛。根据cleaning our tent可知,妻子在打扫帐篷时打翻了铃铛,不是有意的,故选D。on purpose有意地;by design故意地;at last终于;by mistake无意地。
13.当他返回营地(camp)的时候,帐篷起火了。琼斯先生听到铃铛声后急忙返回营地,故选C。garden花园;house房屋;camp营地;office办公室。
14.这时琼斯夫人躺在地上,血从肩头上的伤口流下来。with复合结构表示伴随。in 在……里面;on在……上面;with在……情况下;for为了。
15.这一次铃铛的使用方法是对(correctly)的。琼斯先生说遇到危险的时候摇响铃铛,所以他认为这一次使用铃铛是正确的。correctly正确地;quickly快速地;crazily疯狂地;anxiously焦急地。