英语必修 第三册Lesson 2 Language Learning Tips练习题

Unit 9 Learning Lesson 2 Language Learning Tips—2022-2023学年高一英语北师大版（2019）必修第三册同步课时训练

一、填空

1.The better you manage your time, the more _____(effective) you work.

2.I feel greatly _____(honour) to be chosen as a volunteer.

3.If you are in a(n) _____(familiar) environment, it is human nature to be nervous.

4.Intelligent people tend to use _____(simplify) approaches to solve problems.

5.They should make ______ (decide) on whether the student needs more help.

6.All airports in the country are working ______ (normal) today.

7.Your goods have not been ______ (sufficient) advertised.

8.The committee made _______ (recommend) to the board on teachers' pay and conditions.

9.The speech ability has much to do with the ________ (acquire) of tacit knowledge.

10.When _____(compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing many similarities.

二、七选五

Fun Ways to Learn English Faster

·Read, read, read.

One of the easiest things you can do to learn English faster is to read as much as you can. ①_______ This will make your vocabulary better and it will also help you learn grammar and slang(俚语).

·Watch movies.

Watching movies will also help you improve your English, by helping you to hear what it sounds like and also helping you to learn new words. ②_______ Once you have a basic vocabulary, try to keep the subtitles(字幕) off and focus on listening for the words you do know and guessing the words you don't know from what is happening on the screen.

·Sing songs.

Learning and singing songs is another good way to make your English better. ③_______ It will also help increase your vocabulary. Find a song you like, learn it, and learn what the lyrics(歌词) mean.

·④________

You can also just make friends with English language speakers online and chat, email, and Skype together in order to practise your English. You can talk about whatever you want! ⑤_______

A. Make a friend.

B. Join a fan community.

C. Read things all the time.

D. You can start watching with subtitles on.

E. This will help you improve your pronunciation.

F. Newspapers are a good way to learn the basics of a language.

G. You can find online friends by joining fan communities or through language-learning communities.

三、阅读理解

Human language is made possible by an impressive gift for vocal learning. Most animals cannot learn to imitate sounds at all. Though some species can learn how to use natural sounds in new ways, they don't show a similar ability to learn new calls. Among all nonhuman vocal learners across the branches of life, the most impressive are birds.

"I wouldn't say they have language in the way linguistic experts define it," says the neuroscientist Erich Jarvis. "But I would say they have a primitive form of what we might call spoken language."

Birdsong appears to have a lot in common with human speech, such as conveying information intentionally and using simple forms of some of the elements of human language. One key element of human language is semantics, the connection of words with meanings. Over the past four decades, numerous studies have shown that many bird species use different alarm calls for different attackers. Recent studies suggest that the order of some birds' calls may impact their meaning. This could represent a primary form of the rules governing the order and combination of words and elements in human language known as syntax, as illustrated by the classic "dog bites man" vs "man bites dog" example.

And the parallels run deeper, including similar brain structures that are not shared by species without vocal learning. Jarvis and his team have tried to compare the brain structures in songbirds and humans. "I think we humans tend to overestimate how different we are," he says. What has happened is that humans and songbirds have evolved a new forebrain circuit for learned sounds that has taken control of the brain stem circuit for natural sounds. "There is an assumption that species more closely related to us (e.g. monkeys) are going to be most like us. And that is true for many features," he says. "But, as you see, this is not true for every feature."

With all these similarities in mind, it's reasonable to ask if birds themselves have language. It may come down to how you define it. But anyway, when the story of the evolution of language is finally complete, be prepared to thank the birds.

1.What is the purpose of paragraph 1?

A. To show different capacities for imitating sounds.

B. To illustrate the major features of vocal learning.

C. To imply the uniqueness of birds as vocal learners.

D. To explain the origin of species differences.

2.What can we learn about birdsong from the third paragraph?

A. It is superior to human language.

B. It lacks meaningful order of calls.

C. It has evolved from human speech.

D. It shows certain grammatical features.

3.What can we infer from paragraph 4?

A. Evolved brain circuit paves the way for vocal learning.

B. Humans possess biological uniqueness in vocal learning.

C. Closely related species are less likely to share parallels.

D. Circuit for natural sounds disables new call learning.

4.Which can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Bird Brains Suggest How Vocal Learning Evolved

B. Birds Are Stretching the Boundaries of Language

C. Human Speech and Birdsong Share Biological Roots

D. Human Speech Could Have Evolved from Birdsong

答案以及解析

一、填空

1.答案：effectively
解析：句意为: 你把时间管理得越好, 工作就越有效率。此处应用副词修饰动词work。故填effectively。

2.答案：honoured
解析：句意为: 能够被选为志愿者, 我感到非常荣幸。固定短语be honoured to do sth意为"很荣幸做某事"。故填honoured。

3.答案：unfamiliar
解析：句意为: 如果你处在一个不熟悉的环境中, 感到紧张是人的本性。根据句意可知, 此处表示"不熟悉的", 应填familiar的反义词unfamiliar。故填unfamiliar。

4.答案：simplified
解析：句意为: 聪明人往往使用简化的方法解决问题。根据空后的名词可知, 此处应填形容词形式, simplify是及物动词, 意为"使简单; 简化"; simplified是形容词, 意为"简化了的"。故填simplified。

5.答案：decisions

解析：考查名词及其单复数。make decisions为固定搭配，意为"做出决定"。句意：他们应该决定该学生是否需要更多的帮助。故填decisions。

6.答案：normally

解析：考查副词。副词修饰动词，设空处修饰动词working，故用副词形式。句意：这个国家所有的机场今天都在正常运转。故填normally。

7.答案：sufficiently

解析：考查副词。副词修饰动词，设空处修饰动词advertised，故用副词形式。句意：你的商品的广告做得不够。故填sufficiently。

8.答案：recommendations

解析：考查名词及其单复数。设空处作及物动词make的宾语，make recommendations to...为固定搭配，表示"向……提出建议"。句意：委员会就教师的工资和工作条件向董事会提出建议。故填recommendations。

9.答案：acquirement

解析：考查名词。冠词后接名词，根据定冠词the可知，设空处用名词形式。句意：语言能力与隐性知识的获取有很大关系。故填acquirement。

10.答案：comparing

解析：句意为：当对比不同的文化时，我们经常只关注差异而没有注意到诸多相似之处。此处compare和其逻辑主语we为主动关系。故填comparing。

二、七选五

答案：①-⑤ CDEAG

解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了几种快乐学英语的方法。

①由小标题"·Read, read, read. (阅读，阅读，阅读)"和上文"One of the easiest things you can do to learn English faster is to read as much as you can. (为了更快地学习英语，最简单的事情之一就是尽可能多地阅读)"可知，作者建议通过阅读快乐学英语，C选项"一直阅读东西。"切题。故选C。

②由小标题"·Watch movies. (看电影)"，上文"Watching movies will also help you improve your English, by helping you to hear what it sounds like and also helping you to learn new words. (看电影也会帮助你提高英语水平，帮助你听英语的发音，帮助你学习新单词)"和下文"Once you have a basic vocabulary, try to keep the subtitles(字幕) off and focus on listening for the words you do know and guessing the words you don't know from what is happening on the screen. (一旦你掌握了基本词汇，试着关掉字幕，专注于听你知道的单词，并根据屏幕上发生的事情猜测你不知道的单词)"可知，作者建议通过看电影快乐学英语，D选项"你可以打开字幕开始观看。"承接上文讲看电影快乐学英语的最初做法，等学习程度高了之后，引出下文关掉字母学英语的内容。故选D。

③E选项"这将帮助你提高发音。"和下文"It will also help increase your vocabulary. (这也有助于增加你的词汇量)"是讲"·Sing songs. (唱歌)"通过唱歌快乐学英语带来的两个好处。故选E。

④该空选取小标题，需总结下文。由下文"You can also just make friends with English language speakers online and chat, email, and Skype together in order to practise your English. (你也可以在网上和说英语的人交朋友，一起聊天、发电子邮件和Skype，练习英语)"可知，作者建议通过交朋友快乐学英语，A选项"交个朋友。"切题。故选A。

⑤由上文"You can also just make friends with English language speakers online and chat, email, and Skype together in order to practise your English. You can talk about whatever you want! (你也可以在网上和说英语的人交朋友，一起聊天、发电子邮件和Skype，练习英语。你想说什么就说什么)"可知，作者建议通过交朋友快乐学英语，G选项"你可以通过加入粉丝社区或通过语言学习社区找到在线朋友。"承接上文讲在哪里能找到网上朋友。故选G。

三、阅读理解

1.答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段"Human language is made possible by an impressive gift for vocal learning. Most animals cannot learn to imitate sounds at all. Though some species can learn how to use natural sounds in new ways, they don't show a similar ability to learn new calls. Among all nonhuman vocal learners across the branches of life, the most impressive are birds."(人类语言之所以成为可能，是因为有一种令人印象深刻的学习声音的天赋。大多数动物根本学不会模仿声音。虽然一些物种可以学习如何以新的方式使用自然声音，但它们并没有表现出类似的学习新叫声的能力。在所有非人类的发声学习者中，最令人印象深刻的是鸟类。)可知，人类因可以进行语音学习(vocal learning)而独特。而像人类一样具有这种能力的物种也有，但鸟类是这些物种中最突出的。因此，本段行文循序渐进，是为了引出鸟类与其他物种相比，在语音学习方面最具独特性这一观点。故选C。

2.答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"Birdsong appears to have a lot in common with human speech, such as conveying information intentionally and using simple forms of some of the elements of human language. One key element of human language is semantics, the connection of words with meanings. Over the past four decades, numerous studies have shown that many bird species use different alarm calls for different attackers. Recent studies suggest that the order of some birds' calls may impact their meaning. This could represent a primary form of the rules governing the order and combination of words and elements in human language known as syntax, as illustrated by the classic "dog bites man" vs "man bites dog" example."(鸟鸣似乎与人类语言有很多共同之处，比如有意地传达信息，使用人类语言中一些元素的简单形式。人类语言的一个关键因素是语义，即单词与意义的联系。在过去的四十年里，大量的研究表明，许多鸟类对不同的攻击者使用不同的警报。最近的研究表明，一些鸟类叫声的顺序可能会影响它们的意思。这可能代表了一种主要形式的规则，即控制人类语言中单词和元素的顺序和组合，即语法，如经典的"狗咬人"和"人咬狗"的例子所示。)可知，鸟鸣在语义(semantics)和句法(syntax)等方面与人类语言具有共性。因此，鸟鸣呈现出一定的语法特征。故选D。

3.答案：A

解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的"And the parallels run deeper, including similar brain structures that are not shared by species without vocal learning. What has happened is that humans and songbirds have evolved a new forebrain circuit for learned sounds that has taken control of the brain stem circuit for natural sounds."(而且这种相似之处还更深层次，包括没有声乐学习的物种所不具有的相似的大脑结构。贾维斯和他的团队试图比较鸣禽和人类的大脑结构。"我认为我们人类倾向于高估我们之间的差异，"他说。事实是，人类和鸣禽已经进化出了一种新的前脑回路，用于学习声音，它已经控制了脑干回路，用于自然声音。)可知，鸟类和人类具有一些更深层次的共性(parallels)，包括相似的大脑结构：一种新的用于进行语音学习的前脑回路, 代替了控制先天声音的脑干回路。这是那些无法进行语音学习的物种所不具备的。因此, 进化后的脑回路为语音学习创造了条件。故选A。

4.答案：B

解析：主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段"With all these similarities in mind, it's reasonable to ask if birds themselves have language. It may come down to how you define it. But anyway, when the story of the evolution of language is finally complete, be prepared to thank the birds."(考虑到所有这些相似之处，我们有理由问鸟类自己是否有语言。这可能取决于你如何定义它。但无论如何，当语言进化的故事最终完成时，准备好感谢鸟类吧。)可知，文章从人类语言的独特性出发, 接着从语义和句法、大脑结构等方面将鸟鸣和人类语言进行了类比，挖掘出许多共性。最后得出结论：鸟鸣是否属于语言，取决于人类如何定义语言。但无论如何，对鸟类鸣唱的研究在一定程度上增进了人类对于语言进化的理解。据此，"鸟类在不断扩展语言的边界"是最佳标题。故选B。