【备考2023】中考英语重难点专题特训学案（全国通用）—— 30 任务型阅读之还原句子 （原卷版+解析版）

这是一份【备考2023】中考英语重难点专题特训学案（全国通用）—— 30 任务型阅读之还原句子 （原卷版+解析版），文件包含备考2023中考英语重难点专题特训学案全国通用30任务型阅读之还原句子解析版docx、备考2023中考英语重难点专题特训学案全国通用30任务型阅读之还原句子原卷版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共32页， 欢迎下载使用。
专项五  中考题型 重难点30 任务型阅读之还原句子 1.句子还原题型满分技巧 1.1. 解题步骤    （1）读选项，画关键词，暗排序。   （2）读文章，找逻辑，抓过渡词。   （3）先易后难来解题。   （4）回读文章定答案。   2.2. 得分技巧    （1）抓住过渡词，看住上下句。   （2）盯紧横线的前后词语。    2.句子还原题型复习策略及解题技巧：2.1. 养成限时阅读的习惯，提高阅读速度。培养学生的阅读技能， 处理好阅读速度与效率问题。阅读速度应控制在每篇5分钟，每分钟40—50个词为宜。2.2. 注意常考点。平时练习多注意代词（如it，this，they）、选项的句内关系（如因果、转折）及重现（文章与选项的复现提示）等。 2.3. 解题技巧  通读全文，了解文章大意。根据文章整体结构、具体内容，并结合关键词，将选项填入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。2.3.1. 如果问题设在段首  （1）通常是段落的主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关的词，推断出主题句。（2）与后文是并列，转折，因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句之间会有某种的衔接手段。（3）段落间的过渡句。这时要瞻前顾后找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。2.3.2. 如果问题设在段尾（1）空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。（2）通常是结论，概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果结论，总结等的信号词，如：Therefore， as a result，thus，hence，in short，to sum up，to conclude，in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。（3）与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。（4）与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此，根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。（5）所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段的开头是否有一定的衔接，认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。（6）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题，通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案应有这样的特征词。 阅读短文还原句子的文章一般为200—250词左右，设空位置一般为三种：段首、段尾和段中。根据历年真题的考查可看出考题中段中设空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。其主要考查：1. 学生能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序。2. 学生能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。典例解析（2022·山东泰安·统考中考真题）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项. 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。When you use a knife and fork. you have to take the knife with your right hand and the fork with your left hand, or you can’t put food into your mouth. But with chopsticks, you can solve the eating problems with just one hand. ____1____Chopsticks were called zhu or jia in ancient China. It is said that they were invented by Da Yu, who successfully controlled the heavy flood（洪水）. One day he was busy dealing with the flood. In order to save time when eating, he used two sticks from a tree to take the hot food. That was how chopsticks came into use. ___2____In fact, the earliest chopsticks found in China were made of bronze（青铜）, which were unearthed from Yinxu in Anyang city. Henan Province. Many people probably haven’t realized the cultural meanings of chopsticks. ____3____ Do you notice that one end of chopsticks is square and the other end is round? So, why? According to our ancestors, the round end symbolized（象征）Heaven and the square end symbolized Earth. ___4____ In Chinese culture, it shows the perfect combination（结合）of yin and yang. The influence of Chinese culture has stretched（延伸）far and wide. ____5____ So it’s unbelievable that foreigners cannot use chopsticks.A．Besides, chopsticks are used in pairs.B．It’s convenient and efficient（有效率的）.C．It was one of the legends（传说）about chopsticks.D．At least 1.8 billion people are using chopsticks around the world.E．They are regarded as one of the symbols of Chinese food culture. 【短文大意】本文主要介绍了筷子的起源，与其有关的传说以及它的象征意义。【答案解析】1．根据“But with chopsticks. you can solve the eating problems with just one hand”可知，相比刀叉，筷子就方便得多，B选项“它既方便又高效”符合，故选B。2．根据“It is said that they were invented by Da Yu, who successfully controlled the heavy flood…”可知，此处在介绍有关筷子的传说，C选项“这是关于筷子的一个传说”符合，故选C。3．根据“Many people probably haven’t realized the cultural meanings of chopsticks”可知，此处介绍筷子象征的文化，E选项“它们被视为中国饮食文化的象征之一”符合，故选E。4．根据“In Chinese culture, it shows the perfect combination（结合）of yin and yang”可知，筷子展示了阴和阳的完美结合，所以筷子都是成对出现的，A选项“此外，筷子是成对使用的”符合，故选A。5．根据“The influence of Chinese culture has stretched（延伸）far and wide”可知，此处介绍筷子的影响力，D选项“全世界至少有18亿人在使用筷子”符合，故选D。  （2022·江苏苏州·统考中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Every year, millions of birds are killed or hurt when they fly into buildings. Why does this happen? ___1___ Birds are flying into windows and tall buildings that are all covered by glass. Many birds fly from one place to another. Most of the time, they live in the wild, such as forests and wetlands. ___2___ They might see small trees and flowers inside a window and want to rest on these plants. The birds do not know there is glass between them and the plants. ___3___ Some birds fly at night. They use the moon and stars to help guide them in the right direction. Tall buildings with lights on at night can confuse (迷惑) the birds. ___4___ The birds see the light, but they cannot tell that the light is coming from inside a building. They fly toward the light and crash into a building. On many mornings, there might be several dead birds lying on the ground.  ___5___ Many office buildings now turn off their lights at night. This helps reduce the number of birds that fly into buildings and it also helps save energy.A．The answer is glass.B．People are trying to solve the problem.C．These birds have no idea what glass is.D．As a result, they fly right into the glass.E．In this way, they can avoid crashing into glass.F．People don’t know how to deal with the problem.G．This is a big problem, especially on foggy and rainy nights. （2022·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺连贯，其中有两项是多余选项。Gifts are a way for people to show love. ___6___ The gift can be anything, your favourite CD, a book, clothes, delicious food and so on. Getting a gift can make you feel the love. A handmade gift is the best way to show your love. And on the day of making a gift, you can share that love with someone you care about.Make a Gift Day is on December 3.___7___ The day is coming. If you don’t know what to buy, why not make a gift on this day?___8___ There was time, not all that long ago, when a handmade gift was the only kind of gift you could give. In the past, gift-givers would spend time making gifts for their friends. Whether it’s a simple handmade wallet, a new skirt, or a baby bed for a soon-to-be baby, everything is handmade with love.You may wonder how to celebrate Make a Gift Day. It is an easy one! Make handmade gifts on this day! Try your hand at making a gift, no matter what it is. ___9___ DIY some gifts with your friends.Don’t have a DIY skill? Start learning from today. You can start making handmade gifts for your family and friends in the New Year. You all have the ability to make gifts for people you care about. ___10___ And write some sentences on it to express your love.There are so many kinds of gifts you can make and you need to think and create for yourself. People who get your gifts will know how much you love them.A．I like this nice gift very much.B．For example, you can make a card.C．But do you know about its history?D．You can refuse the gift if you don’t like it.E．It’s fun to get a gift and think about what’s in it.F．Also, you can have a gift-making party to celebrate it.G．It encourages people to make handmade gifts for their loved ones on this day. （2022·云南·统考中考真题）Do you feel nervous when you talk to your parents? Do you easily make them angry? Don’t worry. ____11____Find the common interests between you and your parents. For example, if you and your dad both like playing basketball, you can watch one game together and talk about it. ____12____Try to start a dinnertime talk with your parents. Ask your parents about their day, and they will open up to you easily. Don’t forget that you have to open up to them, too. ____13____ Besides, it’s also a good idea to share something about the latest movies. Soon all of you will have a good conversation.____14____ Eye contact (交流) is necessary. Don’t be bored, or they will probably stop talking and walk away. ____15____ If you listen patiently, they’ll be interested in talking to you. As a result, there will be a warm conversation between you and your parents.In a word, it’s easy to get along well with your parents if you see them as your friends.A．Let them know you’re listening.B．Tell them what happened at school.C．It’s important to have a healthy diet.D．Look at your parents when you talk.E．Get some training at a parents’ school.F．You can find the conversation will come easily.G．Here is some advice about how to talk to your parents. （2022·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。When you do DIY, you make, repair or decorate things yourself instead of paying someone to do it. For one thing, it’s a wonderful time to enjoy yourself when you make something. ____16____ Today, I will show you how to make a fruit salad.First, choose your favourite fruit. Use fruit in season. ____17____Next, wash the fruit. ____18____ For example, mixing red apples, green pears and purple grapes can make your salad look very colorful. Then, cut some of the larger fruit into small pieces. ____19____ Finally, mix them together and add some salad cream if you like. ____20____ Just prepare it before you are going to eat it, because some of the fruit will quickly turn brown when you leave it in the air for some time.A．Make sure that it is fresh.B．Please take care when you use a knife.C．You’d better use fruit of different colors.D．It will take you a lot of time to do DIY.E．Try not to prepare the fruit salad too early.F．For another thing, it can save you money.G．DIY stands for “do-it-yourself”. （2022·山东济南·统考中考真题）Leading young people to take up physical exercise is really important. ____21____ But a report recently shows that only half of girls who were questioned by researchers enjoy doing sports. ____22____ What are the reasons? Because of their dislike of the clothes they are asked to wear and the lack（缺乏）of facilities（设备）to do their hair afterwards. As more girls than boys fail to take part in physical activities, this is seen as a problem that needs dealing with.Many of the girls questioned said they disliked wearing the skirts that are often part of PE clothes and that the clothes should be more comfortable to wear. The girls wanted to have the chance to say what the PE clothes should look like. They suggested clothing should cover more of their bodies, such as leggings and high-necked shirts. ____23____Another key problem the girls reported was not having the facilities available to do their hair after they had taken part in exercise. The girls being interviewed wanted private space where they could get changed. They felt schools should supply hairdryers so that they could style their hair. ____24____ They could use this time to do their hair and make sure they looked the same as they did before the class.The researchers argue that since girls worry a great deal about how they look during their teenage years, it is important that schools take these problems seriously. ____25____ Some teachers feel sports should keep youngers’ minds off how they look. It should help them see the value of keeping physically fit, enjoying team spirit and achieving their success and not worrying about what their hair looks like.A．Girls had the following problems with PE classes.B．Even a quarter of them actually avoid taking part.C．However, not everyone agrees with the suggestions.D．They also required 15 minutes at the end of the PE class.E．Surprisingly, most girls don’t agree with this suggestion.F．PE classes are one way of getting young people to do this.G．They also thought the materials used were not good enough. （2022·云南昆明·统考中考真题）Plastic brings us convenience, and pollution as well. _____26_____ It’s in our food and drinks, in the clothes we wear and even in the air we breathe. Some very tiny pieces of plastic are called microplastics (微塑料). The largest microplastics can be directly seen. _____27_____ What should we do then? _____28_____ Any time plastic boxes are heated, microplastics can get into your food. If you can’t avoid using plastic boxes, try not to heat food in them. Use a glass or metal cup instead of a plastic one. Researchers have found that bottled water has more microplastics than tap water. _____29_____ So if you like drinking coffee, hot milk or other hot drinks, remember to use a glass or metal cup. Since plastic is everywhere, researchers suggest that we should be careful with possible microplastics in life. They may be from baby toys, pens, and even phones we use every day. _____30_____根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A．What’s worse, it’s everywhere.B．Avoid heating food in plastic boxes.C．We should drink more bottled water.D．Use plastic products widely in our daily life.E．All in all, we should use plastic products properly.F．But many of them are small enough to be around us without being seen.G．Also, the heat of your drinks will encourage microplastics to get into your drinks. （2022·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。“A child with a mother is like a treasure.” ___31___ When you were a baby crying all night, your mom sang to you and stayed by your side. When you were tired, ___32___ When you fell and hurt yourself, she gave you a hug and lifted you up. When you didn’t get what you wanted, when you were sad, when...your mother was always there to help you. She is a mother who is common and wants nothing in return at all. Among all the mothers, we are deeply moved by the two mothers. Wang Yaping is the first Chinese woman to live in the Tiangong station and the first female（女性）Chinese spacewalker（太空行走者）. She is also a 6-year-old girl’s mother. Before setting out, she promised to pick a star for her daughter. Six months later, Wang Yaping came back and told her little daughter, “Mom has returned after reaching for the stars.” ___33___ She is an inspiring（鼓舞人心的）and unusual mother. Zhang Guimei is the headmaster of Huaping Girls High School in Lijiang, she went out of her way to raise money so that she set up this school. ___34___ Over the past 13 years, she has sent 1,800 girls to university. Zhang Guimei’s effort and love have changed their lives. ___35___ she is a selfless（无私的）mother to these girls. Mother plays an important role in our lives. All the mothers have one thing in common: Full love in their eyes, bright light in their hearts.A．she gave you warm arms to sleep in.B．She succeeded in achieving her promise.C．However, Zhang Guimei raised money for her own child.D．This song shows that mother means the whole world to her child.E．Although she doesn’t have her own child,F．This song brings friends closer together.G．It has offered free education to girls in the mountains. （2022·四川成都·统考中考真题）补全短文 根据短文内容，从短文后的A-F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文。Brainstorming is the practice of coming up with ideas or solutions. __36__ But we do have some rules to follow for successful brainstorming. Focus on quantity（数量）over quality. When it comes to brainstorming, the more ideas, the better. Don’t worry about the quality of your ideas for now. __37__ Remember that your goal is to come up with as many ideas as possible. Even if none of them are perfect, you’ll still have many creative ideas to use for your final plan. Encourage big or unusual ideas. __38__ Although unusual ideas may not be immediately practical, just creating those ideas gives your brain training. It can also help to produce creative solutions that are hard to come up with. __39__ Don’t say no to the ideas of others. You can put together the best parts of different ideas to create new, even better ones. Even if you’re not brainstorming as a group, you should still think about sharing your ideas with others and asking them for their advice. You don’t have to regard yourself as a very creative person to come up with excellent ideas and solutions at once. __40__ Even if you don’t find the perfect solution, just practicing it can help to improve your creativity. Put these tips together and you are sure to come up with some great ideas.A．Share ideas with each other.B．Brainstorming can help unlock ideas.C．There’s no correct way to brainstorm.D．Just say or write any idea that comes to mind.E．You can practice brainstorming skills whenever you want to.F．Don’t give up your ideas, no matter how strange they seem to be. （2022·山西·统考中考真题）请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，选项中有一项为多余项。Courage is often thought to be one of the important spirits everyone needs. Then what is courage? ___41___ One isn’t necessarily born with courage, but one is born with potential(潜力). Kids build courage as they are growing up.Many people talk about connections between courage and fear. ___42___ If there is no fear, there is no need for courage. That is to say, courage is the ability to do what makes you feel afraid. Courage doesn’t only mean great actions such as saving one’s life or taking a big risk. ___43___ For example, we show courage when we raise our hand to answer a hard question during class or try a new sport.Courage is in everyday choices we make. Can you be kind to the new kid in class? ___44___ Or can you stand up for someone in need? Often, these things don’t come with praise, but they need courage.___45___ When we become brave enough to face failure, we’ll be more willing to try new things and try again after we fail. Courage doesn’t always shout. Sometimes courage is the little voice at the end of the day that says, “I’ll try again tomorrow.”A．You should learn to speak in public.B．It is the ability to do something difficult.C．Courage always stands side by side with fear.D．Can you listen to the new person in your group?E．Learning to fail is another important part of courage.F．Courage also means the smaller actions of our everyday lives. （2022·四川南充·统考中考真题）阅读短文，根据短文内容，从其后所给的六个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。The Unity (和谐) of Man and NatureThe “unity of man and nature” is necessary and important in the cultural tradition of China. The Chinese believe in the unity of man and nature, a basic way to their philosophy(哲学) of life. ___46___ They are also celebrated for nature. ___47___ Zhuangzi , for example, believed “Heaven (天) and earth are parents to all things in the world”. The beauty of nature is to “give birth to all things” and “let all things grow”, while the duty of humans is to “make all things perfect”. Heaven, earth, and humans should be one in unity. ___48___ They are necessary to each other, so they should treat each other with kindness. The idea of unity of man and nature has been in the heart of Chinese people. ___49___ In most provinces of China, some rules have been made to reduce pollution. Many power stations that produce and provide safe and clean electricity have been built. ___50___ Most of the Chinese, especially the young, are willing to protect the natural environment. China is now working with all other countries to make the earth a better place to live.A．Each of the three has its own way.B．The power is from water, wind, and sunlight.C．There are plenty of great people in the history of China.D．The ancient Chinese never placed themselves above nature.E．It encourages modern Chinese to take action to protect natural environment.F．Most traditional Chinese festivals build a right order of relationships among humans.  （2022·广东广州·统考中考真题）We all know that exercise is good for us, don’t we? ____51____ Just thinking about having to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people want to lie down and give up! However, did you know that exercise is not all about doing sport?____52____ Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that create a good feeling. Just ten minutes of working out can leave us feeling happier, Moreover, regular exercise helps us feel fresher and get to sleep more easily. Finally, if we connect our exercise with a healthy diet, we will look healthier and feel more confident about ourselves. Sounds like a good deal, doesn’t it?____53____ If exercise hasn’t been part of your life for a long time, there is no point training for a marathon（马拉松）: you will soon give up and go back to your old ways! Walking and riding bikes around the local park for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a fitness habit.Choose an activity that not only exercises your body, but that you also enjoy. Some people simply go jogging while listening to their favourite music. Others take up activities such as dancing or playing basketball with their friends. Make the experience more enjoyable as you work out. ____54____ It doesn’t matter how much we exercise. Doing regular exercise isn’t just about appearance. ____55____ Who wouldn’t want that?A．Start small!B．That way, you’ll never give it up!C．It’s about being healthier and feeling happier.D．For a start, exercise is not just about the body.E．But we also know that not everybody loves doing it.