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高中英语高考 2021届高三大题优练8 完形填空 夹叙夹议 教师版
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这是一份高中英语高考 2021届高三大题优练8 完形填空 夹叙夹议 教师版，共10页。
完形填空（夹叙夹议）
大题优练8
优选例题
【例题】It was a dark night. Thick, dark, gray clouds had made sure that there was no starlight or moonlight to 1 me as I walked out on my porch. Still, I kept the porch light off because I didn’t want to be 2 by bugs and moths on this sticky 3 evening. I stood there for a while letting my eyes adjust to the lack of 4 .
It was then, though, that I saw them. First one blink of light at the far end of the meadow followed by another and then another. I 5 . I recognized them at once as my firefly(萤火虫) 6 , my lightning bug buddies who always 7 this time of the year.
When I was little I used to sit in the grass and watch them 8 fly around blinking on and off. I never 9 and put one in a jar as some kids did because I never wanted to hurt these messengers of light. Their time on this earth was so 10 as it was. I tried to enjoy them each night they were here. It always 11 me when they disappeared in the fall and it always made my heart 12 when they reappeared the next summer.
We are like them in a lot of ways. Our 13 here on earth is brief. Often our light and love are more like on and off blinks rather than a 14 shine. Still, we do our best to share it and take 15 in knowing that others will be shining their light long after we are gone.
1．A．show B．greet C．please D．guide
2．A．frightened B．accompanied C．shined D．troubled
3．A．summer B．winter C．spring D．fall
4．A．heat B．water C．light D．air
5．A．frowned B．cried C．smiled D．sighed
6．A．lovers B．friends C．partners D．mates
7．A．went out B．gave out C．settled down D．showed up
8．A．fearfully B．cautiously C．nervously D．slowly
9．A．saw B．hit C．caught D．got
10．A．hard B．terrible C．useful D．brief
11．A．depressed B．surprised C．confused D．excited
12．A．beat B．sing C．move D．tremble
13．A．hope B．memory C．mind D．life
14．A．beautiful B．steady C．bright D．clear
15．A．pride B．comfort C．action D．interest
【答案】1-5 BDACC 6-10 BDDCD 11-15 ABDBB
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者晚上到院子里，遇到喜爱的萤火虫，并且认为人类和萤火虫一样，在这个星球上，生命短暂，但即便如此，我们也要努力地用微光照亮世界。
1．考查动词词义辨析。根据前面的“there was no starlight or moonlight to”和后面的me as I walked out on my porch”可知，作者走出来的时候，因为漆黑一片，因此没有月光和星光来迎接他，此处为拟人用法。故选B。
2．考查动词词义辨析。根据上文的“I kept the porch light off”和后面的“bugs and moths”可知，作者不喜欢被虫子和飞蛾等袭扰，而把灯关掉。故选D。
3．考查名词词义辨析。结合后面的“summer evening”和常识可知当时是夏季。故选A。
4．考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的“there was no starlight or moonlight”和“I kept the porch light off”可知当时没有光，作者在那里站了一会儿，是为了让眼睛适应光线不足的情况。故选C。
5．考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的“I recognized them at once as my firefly”可知，作者看到了自己的萤火虫朋友，应该是微笑了。故选C。
6．考查名词词义辨析。根据后面的“my lighting bug buddies”可知，作者把萤火虫看作是自己的朋友。故选B。
7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我一眼就认出他们是我的萤火虫朋友，我的闪电虫伙伴，他们总是在每年的这个时候出现。A. went out熄灭；B. gave out分发；C. settled down定居；D. showed up露面。根据常识可知，萤火虫总是在每年的夏季晚上出现。故选D。
8．考查副词词义辨析。根据常识和下文“put one in a jar as some kids did”可知，孩子们能逮住萤火虫说明它飞得慢。故选D。
9．考查动词词义辨析。根据后面的“ put one in a jar as some kids did”可知，只有逮住萤火虫才能放进罐子里。故选C。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。与最后一段的“here on earth is brief”呼应，作者认为萤火虫在地球上的时间很短暂，不想伤害这些光明的使者。故选D。
11．考查动词词义辨析。作者把萤火虫当作朋友，所以当它们在秋天消失时，总是让作者感到沮丧。故选A。
12．考查动词词义辨析。作者喜欢萤火虫，把它们当朋友，结合后面的“when they reappeared the next summer”可知，当它们在第二年夏天再次出现时，作者很开心。这里用心在唱歌形容作者高兴的心情。故选B。
13．考查名词词义辨析。根据前面的“We are like them in a lot of ways.”和后面的“here on earth is brief”可知，作者感慨人类和这些萤火虫一样，人生短暂。故选D。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。与前面“on and off blinks”对比，指稳定的闪耀。故选B。
15．考查名词词义辨析。此处指虽然人生短暂，但我们仍要尽力发光，就算我们离去，也会有别人闪耀着他们的光芒，我们也就能够释怀了。take comfort in“感到宽慰”。故选B。
模拟优练
（一）
Contrary to popular belief, the secret to confident public speaking is not about getting rid of your nerves. The key is to redefine your anxiety as 16 .
A few years ago, my team and I led a leadership communication training program for a large financial institution. One banking manager in particular was incredibly 17 about public speaking. 18 the fact that she had a warm personality which might 19 speaking, the idea of speaking in public 20 her to the point of near paralysis（瘫痪，崩溃）.
But rather than 21 her nervousness, every time she had to get up and 22 to our group, she would exclaim, "That's 23 !" And we'd all laugh with her 24 we knew it really meant—"I'm terrified!” And in spite of the nerves, her presentations were very 25 . That phrase became an inside reference within our small group： Every time someone was 26 before speaking, they'd shout, “that's amazing!" when they stood up and we'd all 27 .
Anxiety and excitement are actually very, very 28 , but anxiety and calmness are too far apart. When we tell people to calm down before a big public speech, we're actually suggesting something that's incredibly 29 . So focusing on excitement rather than trying to calm down actually contributes to 30 .
16．A．curiosity B．joy C．courage D．excitement
17．A．depressed B．optimistic C．puzzled D．anxious
18．A．Despite B．Above C．Against D．As
19．A．enhance B．fade C．affect D．blow
20．A．scared B．discouraged C．inspired D．exposed
21．A．hide B．conquer C．reveal D．control
22．A．turn B．present C．sign D．direct
23．A．ridiculous B．incredible C．unbelievable D．amazing
24．A．until B．if C．because D．unless
25．A．engaging B．encouraging C．plain D．explicit
26．A．excited B．nervous C．energetic D．annoyed
27．A．compromise B．sympathize C．compensate D．condemn
28．A．distant B．confusing C．different D．close
29．A．unique B．regular C．difficult D．obscure
30．A．evaluation B．expectation C．performance D．impression
【答案】16-20 DDAAA 21-25 CBDCA 26-30 BBDCC
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过具体事例说明在演讲时，消除紧张的关键是将自己的焦虑重新定义为兴奋。
16．考查名词词义辨析。根据“So focusing on excitement rather than trying to calm down actually contributes to ________.”可知，专注于兴奋将帮助消除紧张。故选D。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。根据“the idea of speaking in public ________ her to the point of near paralysis（瘫痪，崩溃）.”可知，该银行经理对公开演讲特别焦虑。故选D。
18．考查介词词义辨析。根据“the idea of speaking in public ________ her to the point of near paralysis（瘫痪，崩溃）.”可知，前后为转折关系，所以用介词despite。故选A。
19．考查动词词义辨析。根据“ the fact that she had a warm personality ”可知，这种温和的性格有助于提升她的演讲。故选A。
20．考查动词词义辨析。根据“the point of near paralysis.”可知，演讲者一想到要在公众场合讲话，吓得几乎瘫痪。故选A。
21．考查动词词义辨析。根据转折词but和“every time she had to get up and ________ to our group, she would exclaim, “That's ________ !”可知，这位演讲者并没有表现出自己的紧张。故选C。
22．考查动词词义辨析。根据“A few years ago, my team and I led a leadership communication training program for a large financial institution.”可知，这位银行经理向大家呈现报告。故选B。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。根据“Every time someone was ____11____ before speaking, they'd shout, “that's amazing!" when they stood up and we'd all ____12____.”提示可知，这位银行经理都会大声说“太棒了”为自己鼓气。故选D。
24．考查连词词义辨析。根据“And we'd all laugh with her”可知，这里为原因状语从句，解释一起笑的原因。故选C。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管紧张，她的演讲还是非常吸引人。A. engaging动人的；B. encouraging令人鼓舞的；C. plain清楚的；D. explicit明确的。根据“And in spite of the nerves,”可知，尽管这位银行经理紧张，但她的演讲非常吸引人。故选A。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。根据“Contrary to popular belief, the secret to confident public speaking is not about getting rid of your nerves.”及全文可知，这里指演讲前的紧张。故选B。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这句话成为了我们小组的内部参考：每次有人在发言前感到紧张，他们站起来就会喊：“太棒了!”我们都会这样表示共勉。 A. compromise妥协；B. sympathize同情；同感；C. compensate补偿；D. condemn谴责。根据“Every time someone was ________ before speaking, they'd shout, “that's amazing!"”可知，大家以此句共同勉励大家。故选B。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。根据“but anxiety and calmness are too far apart.”可知，焦虑和兴奋非常相近。故选D。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们在大型公开演讲前告诉人们要冷静下来时，我们实际上是在建议一件极其困难的事情。 A. unique独特的；B. regular有规律的；C. difficult困难的；D. obscure难解的。根据“When we tell people to calm down before a big public speech,”可知，让人在演讲前冷静是非常困难的。故选C。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，专注于兴奋而不是试图冷静下来实际上有助于表现。A. evaluation评估；B. expectation期盼；C. performance表现；D. impression印象。根据“So focusing on excitement rather than trying to calm down”可知，让焦虑变成兴奋有助于我们在公众演讲的表现。故选C。
(二)
There once was an ordinary street in the suburbs where no one cared much for their gardens. The lawns were overgrown, the weeds were 31 and the hedges (树篱) desperately needed to be cut back. It looked very 32 . But when the neighbors saw their 33 , they just looked at each other and laughed.
It seemed too hard to 34 all the gardens and no one could be bothered to make them better because everyone's garden was 35 terrible. No one felt it was urgent to 36 anything. Then a gardener named Bill moved in. Bill was a 37 , hard-working and patient man who started working in the garden as soon as he 38 in the street. He took his lawn mower (割草机) out to cut back the grass and pulled out all of the weeds. Finally, he took up his gardening and started 39 his hedges, making them look like flowers, plants, stones, balls, etc.
Attracted by the 40 , the neighbors walked by and admired the newly manicured (修整的) garden. Over some time, something interesting happened. One by one, the neighbors started to put in more 41 in their own gardens and the sounds of lawn mowers could be heard again. After a few months, the street was 42 from a dirty, unappealing collection of houses to a beautiful avenue that wouldn't be out of place in a stylish magazine.
One person's action showed everyone what could be achieved with a little 43 work. It's easy for us to 44 the environment around us because no one else cares about it. Remember what you positively do not only 45 yourself, but also results in a change to the whole world.
31．A．taking over B．dying out C．giving D．falling off
32．A．tidy B．delicate C．familiar D．awful
33．A．gardens B．doors C．roofs D．farms
34．A．purchase B．guard C．clear D．build
35．A．scarcely B．invisibly C．slightly D．equally
36．A．keep B．change C．reach D．defeat
37．A．proud B．casual C．neat D．selfless
38．A．settled B．stepped C．performed D．stood
39．A．planting B．picking C．watering D．shaping
40．A．office clerk B．fashion designer C．landscape gardener D．street cleaner
41．A．furniture B．staff C．effort D．heat
42．A．transformed B．moved C．enlarged D．passed
43．A．mental B．hard C．corporate D．optional
44．A．observe B．mind C．overlook D．pollute
45．A．traps B．benefits C．defends D．admires
【答案】31-35 ADACD 36-40 BCADC 41-45 CABCB
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过讲述一条街的邻居在比尔的影响下开始清理自己的花园，让周围环境更美的故事，告诉读者一个人的行为可以向人们展示只需要一点点努力就可以做出改变。
31．考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：草坪杂草丛生，杂草占据了花园，树篱迫切地需要修剪。A. taking over接管，接收；B. dying out灭绝；C. giving给；D. falling off跌落，下降。根据上文的“The lawns were overgrown”可知，此处指杂草接管了花园，即“占据”。故选A。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它看起来非常糟糕。A. tidy整洁的；B. delicate精美的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. awful糟糕的。根据上文的“The lawns were overgrown, the weeds were __________ and the hedges (树篱) desperately needed to be cut back.”可知，这里的花园杂草丛生，看起来非常糟糕。故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的“There once was an ordinary street in the suburbs where no one cared much for their gardens.”可知，此处是指花园。故选A。
34．考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的“to make them better”可知，此处是指清理这些花园。故选C。
35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：要把所有这些花园清理干净似乎不容易，大家都懒得去收拾，因为所有人的花园都一样糟糕。A. scarcely几乎不；B. invisibly看不见地；C. slightly稍微地；D. equally相同的。根据上文的“where no one cared much for their gardens.”可知，这条街上人们的花园都同样糟糕，因为大家都不关心花园。故选D。
36．考查动词词义辨析。结合上文提到大家看到杂草丛生的花园都无动于衷、不想清理可知，没人想要做出改变。且下文的“but also results in a change to the whole world.”也是提示。故选B。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：比尔是一个整洁、勤劳以及有耐心的人，他到这条街安顿下来就开始在花园里忙碌起来。A. proud骄傲的；B. casual随意的；C. neat整洁的；D. selfless无私的。根据下文的“He took his lawn mower (割草机) out to cut back the grass and pulled out all of the weeds. ”可知，比尔开始清理花园，由此推知他是一个爱整洁的人。故选C。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：比尔是一个整洁、勤劳以及有耐心的人，他到这条街安顿下来就开始在花园里忙碌起来。A. settled定居，安顿；B. stepped踏；C. performed表演；D. stood站。根据上文的“Then a gardener named Bill moved in.”可知，比尔搬到了这条街，即在这里安顿下来。故选A。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他开始了园艺，开始给树篱造型，让它们看起来像花、植物、石头、球或者其他。A. planting种植；B. picking摘；C. watering浇水；D. shaping塑造，造型。根据下文的“making them look like flowers, plants, stones, balls, etc.”可知，比尔在给树篱造型，让它们看起来更美。故选D。
40．考查名词词组辨析。句意：被园林园丁吸引，邻居们专程过来欣赏刚刚休整好的花园。A. office clerk办公室职员；B. fashion designer时尚设计师；C. landscape gardener园林园丁；D. street cleaner街道清扫员。根据上文的“he took up his gardening and started __________ his hedges, making them look like flowers, plants, stones, balls, etc.”可推知，比尔是一个园林园丁。故选C。
41．考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的“There once was an ordinary street in the suburbs where no one cared much for their gardens.”可知，从前邻居们对自家的花园不管不顾，但现在在比尔的影响下开始把更多的精力投入到其中。故选C。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，这条街从一堆肮脏、毫无吸引力的房子变成了一条在时尚杂志上都不会显得格格不入的街道。A. transformed改变；B. moved搬动；C. enlarged扩大；D. passed经过。结合上文可知，现在这条街的人都格外关注自己的花园，由此推知这条街发生了变化，即被改变了。故选A。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个人的行为向所有人展示了只需要一点努力就可以取得成就。A. mental精神上的；B. hard努力的；C. corporate合作的；D. optional选择的。根据上文的“One by one, the neighbors started to put in more __________ in their own gardens and the sounds of lawn mowers could be heard again.”可知，只要每个人都付出一点努力，结果就会大不相同。故选B。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们很容易忽略我们的周围的环境，因为没有其他人在乎它。A. observe观察；B. mind介意；C. overlook忽略；D. pollute污染。根据上文的“The lawns were overgrown, the weeds were __________ and the hedges (树篱) desperately needed to be cut back.”和“But when the neighbors saw their __________, they just looked at each other and laughed.”可知，人们很容易忽略周围的环境，因为大家都不关注。故选C。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：记住：你积极从事的事情不仅对你有益，还可以给整个世界带来变化。A. traps困住；B. benefits对……有益；C. defends保卫，守卫；D. admires钦佩，羡慕。结合上文故事可知，比尔清理花园的行为不仅对自己有好处，还带动整条街的邻居改变周围的环境。故选B。
（四）
The other day, my grandfather was explaining his favorite expression, “Nothing is 46 ” Yesterday, as I tried to complete my day's work, I 47 to notice a bee on the skylight(天窗). The skylight was particularly high up, but I thought 48 the bee would take a few minutes. An hour later, the bee 49 remained. All that had changed was that the living room was 50 and that I was dizzy from looking up into the 51 I did not expect to waste an hour on it, but I understood that expression.
We often imagine what can work in our 52 , but we seldom think of all the negative things. However, it is important to remember your day or year might not go 53 , which is normal. It is acceptable to feel 54 -- even at a task you thought simple - because that is part of 55 .
If you can 56 nothing will ever be easy, then life might seem slightly more 57 . In middle school, I thought high school might be easier because I could choose the 58 I wanted to take. In high school, I thought college might be easier because I could have a schedule suited for myself. 59 each time, I was wrong. After accepting school wouldn't be easy, I 60 myself with a more positive attitude and improved results.
46．A．perfect B．common C．easy D．certain
47．A．attempted B．pretended C．seemed D．happened
48．A．watching B．removing C．feeding D．approaching
49．A．ever B．even C．still D．always
50．A．messy B．orderly C．empty D．dangerous
51．A．skylight B．sunlight C．bee D．living room
52．A．charge B．interest C．favor D．path
53．A．as planned B．as viewed C．as usual D．as well
54．A．silly B．strange C．challenged D．excited
55．A．work B．management C．routine D．life
56．A．agree B．accept C．state D．believe
57．A．comfortable B．tough C．manageable D．available
58．A．school B．books C．classes D．activities
59．A．Still B．Instead C．So D．Yet
60．A．taught B．found C．inspired D．helped
【答案】46-50 CDBCA 51-55 BCACD 56-60 BCCDB
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己的经历，分享了凡事不容易的生活哲理。
46．考查形容词词义辨析，句意：前几天，我的祖父分享了他最喜欢的一句话：没有什么是容易的。A. perfect完美的；B. common普通的；C. easy容易的；D. certain确定的。根据下文“If you can ________ nothing will ever be easy,”可知这句话表达的是“没有什么事情很容易就能做成”这一道理。故选C项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：昨天，当我正努力完成一天的工作时，我碰巧注意到天窗上有一只蜜蜂。A. attempted试图；B. pretended假装；C. seemed似乎；D. happened碰巧。根据上文“I tried to complete my day's work”可知，作者正在工作，看见蜜蜂只是碰巧。happen to do表示“碰巧，恰巧”。故选D项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：天窗特别高，但我认为把蜜蜂赶走只需要几分钟。A. watching观看；B. removing移除；C. feeding喂养；D. approaching接近。根据下文“An hour later, the bee _____ remained”可知，作者是想把这只蜜蜂赶走。故选B项。
49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：一个小时后，蜜蜂仍然停留在原地。A. ever曾经；B. even甚至；C. still仍然；D. always总是。根据上文“I thought____ the bee would take a few minutes”和空后“remained”可知，作者原以为用不了几分钟就能把蜜蜂赶走，结果一小时过去了，它“仍然”停留在那儿。故选C项。
50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：唯一改变的是客厅变得乱糟糟的，由于一直抬头看阳光使得我头晕目眩。我没料到会在这上面浪费一个小时，但我理解了那句话。A. messy杂乱的；B. orderly有序的；C. empty空的；D. dangerous危险的。根据上文“An hour later, the bee ______ remained.”可知，作者花了一小时赶蜜蜂，结果蜜蜂没有被赶走，房间却被弄得很乱。故选A项。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：唯一改变的是客厅变得乱糟糟的，由于一直抬头看阳光使得我头晕目眩。我没料到会在这上面浪费一个小时，但我理解了那句话。A. skylight天窗；B. sunlight阳光；C. bee蜜蜂；D. living room客厅。根据上文“I was dizzy from looking up into”可知，作者一直在试图赶走天窗上的蜜蜂，因为这个动作需要一直仰着头，所以应该是天窗透进来的阳光让他头晕目眩。故选B项。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们经常想象什么对我们有利，但我们很少想到所有负面的东西。A. charge费用；B. interest兴趣；C. favor赞同；D. path小路。根据下文but可知，空处和下文的“negative”进行对比，指积极的方面，in one's favor表示“有利于某人”，符合句意。故选C项。
53．考查介词短语辨析。句意：然而，重要的是要记住，你的每一天或每一年都可能没有按计划进行，这是很正常的。A. as planned按计划；B. as viewed按照观察；C. as usual像往常一样；D. as well同样地。根据上文“We often imagine what can work in our _____ , but we seldom think of all the negative things.”和However可知，此处表示转折，我们总是想象对我们有利的事情，但真实的生活并不一定会像我们计划的那样进行。故选A项。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：遇到挑战是可以接受的——即使是一项你认为很简单的任务——因为这是生活的一部分。A. silly愚蠢的；B. strange奇怪的；C. challenged有挑战的；D. excited激动的。根据上文“However, it is important to remember your day or year might not go_______, which is normal.”可知，事情并不总是按照我们计划的那样进行，这很正常，那么当我们感觉一件简单的事情也“很有挑战性”，就完全能接受了。故选C项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：遇到挑战是可以接受的——即使是一项你认为很简单的任务——因为这是生活的一部分。A. work工作；B. management管理；C. routine常规；D. life生活。根据常识可知，挑战是生活的一部分。故选D项。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你能接受没有什么是容易的，那么生活可能看起来会稍微容易一些。A. agree同意；B. accept接受；C. state陈述；D. believe相信。此处呼应上文“It is acceptable to feel _____-- even at a task you thought simple”中的acceptable，即使看似简单的事情也会有挑战性，因此没有什么是容易的，接受了这一事实，生活就会变得简单一些。故选B项。
57．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你能接受没有什么是容易的，那么生活可能看起来会稍微容易一些。A. comfortable舒适的；B. tough艰难的；C. manageable易管理的；D. available可获得的。根据上文“It is acceptable to feel ______-- even at a task you thought simple - because that is part of ________ .”可知，如果你能接受凡事不易，你就会做好心理准备，那么就会感觉生活似乎比较好应付一些了。故选C项。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在初中，我认为高中可能会更容易，因为我可以选择我想上的课程。A. school学校；B. books书；C. classes课程；D. activities活动。根据上文的“high school might be easier”和空后的“I wanted to take.”可知，作者认为高中可能会容易一些是因为可以选择自己想上的课程。故选C项。
59．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而每一次，我都错了。A. Still仍然；B. Instead代替；C. So因此；D. Yet然而。根据下文“I was wrong.”可知，现实与作者所想有出入，因此空处表转折。故选D项。
完形填空（夹叙夹议）
大题优练8
优选例题
【例题】It was a dark night. Thick, dark, gray clouds had made sure that there was no starlight or moonlight to 1 me as I walked out on my porch. Still, I kept the porch light off because I didn’t want to be 2 by bugs and moths on this sticky 3 evening. I stood there for a while letting my eyes adjust to the lack of 4 .
It was then, though, that I saw them. First one blink of light at the far end of the meadow followed by another and then another. I 5 . I recognized them at once as my firefly(萤火虫) 6 , my lightning bug buddies who always 7 this time of the year.
When I was little I used to sit in the grass and watch them 8 fly around blinking on and off. I never 9 and put one in a jar as some kids did because I never wanted to hurt these messengers of light. Their time on this earth was so 10 as it was. I tried to enjoy them each night they were here. It always 11 me when they disappeared in the fall and it always made my heart 12 when they reappeared the next summer.
We are like them in a lot of ways. Our 13 here on earth is brief. Often our light and love are more like on and off blinks rather than a 14 shine. Still, we do our best to share it and take 15 in knowing that others will be shining their light long after we are gone.
1．A．show B．greet C．please D．guide
2．A．frightened B．accompanied C．shined D．troubled
3．A．summer B．winter C．spring D．fall
4．A．heat B．water C．light D．air
5．A．frowned B．cried C．smiled D．sighed
6．A．lovers B．friends C．partners D．mates
7．A．went out B．gave out C．settled down D．showed up
8．A．fearfully B．cautiously C．nervously D．slowly
9．A．saw B．hit C．caught D．got
10．A．hard B．terrible C．useful D．brief
11．A．depressed B．surprised C．confused D．excited
12．A．beat B．sing C．move D．tremble
13．A．hope B．memory C．mind D．life
14．A．beautiful B．steady C．bright D．clear
15．A．pride B．comfort C．action D．interest
【答案】1-5 BDACC 6-10 BDDCD 11-15 ABDBB
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者晚上到院子里，遇到喜爱的萤火虫，并且认为人类和萤火虫一样，在这个星球上，生命短暂，但即便如此，我们也要努力地用微光照亮世界。
1．考查动词词义辨析。根据前面的“there was no starlight or moonlight to”和后面的me as I walked out on my porch”可知，作者走出来的时候，因为漆黑一片，因此没有月光和星光来迎接他，此处为拟人用法。故选B。
2．考查动词词义辨析。根据上文的“I kept the porch light off”和后面的“bugs and moths”可知，作者不喜欢被虫子和飞蛾等袭扰，而把灯关掉。故选D。
3．考查名词词义辨析。结合后面的“summer evening”和常识可知当时是夏季。故选A。
4．考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的“there was no starlight or moonlight”和“I kept the porch light off”可知当时没有光，作者在那里站了一会儿，是为了让眼睛适应光线不足的情况。故选C。
5．考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的“I recognized them at once as my firefly”可知，作者看到了自己的萤火虫朋友，应该是微笑了。故选C。
6．考查名词词义辨析。根据后面的“my lighting bug buddies”可知，作者把萤火虫看作是自己的朋友。故选B。
7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我一眼就认出他们是我的萤火虫朋友，我的闪电虫伙伴，他们总是在每年的这个时候出现。A. went out熄灭；B. gave out分发；C. settled down定居；D. showed up露面。根据常识可知，萤火虫总是在每年的夏季晚上出现。故选D。
8．考查副词词义辨析。根据常识和下文“put one in a jar as some kids did”可知，孩子们能逮住萤火虫说明它飞得慢。故选D。
9．考查动词词义辨析。根据后面的“ put one in a jar as some kids did”可知，只有逮住萤火虫才能放进罐子里。故选C。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。与最后一段的“here on earth is brief”呼应，作者认为萤火虫在地球上的时间很短暂，不想伤害这些光明的使者。故选D。
11．考查动词词义辨析。作者把萤火虫当作朋友，所以当它们在秋天消失时，总是让作者感到沮丧。故选A。
12．考查动词词义辨析。作者喜欢萤火虫，把它们当朋友，结合后面的“when they reappeared the next summer”可知，当它们在第二年夏天再次出现时，作者很开心。这里用心在唱歌形容作者高兴的心情。故选B。
13．考查名词词义辨析。根据前面的“We are like them in a lot of ways.”和后面的“here on earth is brief”可知，作者感慨人类和这些萤火虫一样，人生短暂。故选D。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。与前面“on and off blinks”对比，指稳定的闪耀。故选B。
15．考查名词词义辨析。此处指虽然人生短暂，但我们仍要尽力发光，就算我们离去，也会有别人闪耀着他们的光芒，我们也就能够释怀了。take comfort in“感到宽慰”。故选B。
模拟优练
（一）
Contrary to popular belief, the secret to confident public speaking is not about getting rid of your nerves. The key is to redefine your anxiety as 16 .
A few years ago, my team and I led a leadership communication training program for a large financial institution. One banking manager in particular was incredibly 17 about public speaking. 18 the fact that she had a warm personality which might 19 speaking, the idea of speaking in public 20 her to the point of near paralysis（瘫痪，崩溃）.
But rather than 21 her nervousness, every time she had to get up and 22 to our group, she would exclaim, "That's 23 !" And we'd all laugh with her 24 we knew it really meant—"I'm terrified!” And in spite of the nerves, her presentations were very 25 . That phrase became an inside reference within our small group： Every time someone was 26 before speaking, they'd shout, “that's amazing!" when they stood up and we'd all 27 .
Anxiety and excitement are actually very, very 28 , but anxiety and calmness are too far apart. When we tell people to calm down before a big public speech, we're actually suggesting something that's incredibly 29 . So focusing on excitement rather than trying to calm down actually contributes to 30 .
16．A．curiosity B．joy C．courage D．excitement
17．A．depressed B．optimistic C．puzzled D．anxious
18．A．Despite B．Above C．Against D．As
19．A．enhance B．fade C．affect D．blow
20．A．scared B．discouraged C．inspired D．exposed
21．A．hide B．conquer C．reveal D．control
22．A．turn B．present C．sign D．direct
23．A．ridiculous B．incredible C．unbelievable D．amazing
24．A．until B．if C．because D．unless
25．A．engaging B．encouraging C．plain D．explicit
26．A．excited B．nervous C．energetic D．annoyed
27．A．compromise B．sympathize C．compensate D．condemn
28．A．distant B．confusing C．different D．close
29．A．unique B．regular C．difficult D．obscure
30．A．evaluation B．expectation C．performance D．impression
【答案】16-20 DDAAA 21-25 CBDCA 26-30 BBDCC
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过具体事例说明在演讲时，消除紧张的关键是将自己的焦虑重新定义为兴奋。
16．考查名词词义辨析。根据“So focusing on excitement rather than trying to calm down actually contributes to ________.”可知，专注于兴奋将帮助消除紧张。故选D。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。根据“the idea of speaking in public ________ her to the point of near paralysis（瘫痪，崩溃）.”可知，该银行经理对公开演讲特别焦虑。故选D。
18．考查介词词义辨析。根据“the idea of speaking in public ________ her to the point of near paralysis（瘫痪，崩溃）.”可知，前后为转折关系，所以用介词despite。故选A。
19．考查动词词义辨析。根据“ the fact that she had a warm personality ”可知，这种温和的性格有助于提升她的演讲。故选A。
20．考查动词词义辨析。根据“the point of near paralysis.”可知，演讲者一想到要在公众场合讲话，吓得几乎瘫痪。故选A。
21．考查动词词义辨析。根据转折词but和“every time she had to get up and ________ to our group, she would exclaim, “That's ________ !”可知，这位演讲者并没有表现出自己的紧张。故选C。
22．考查动词词义辨析。根据“A few years ago, my team and I led a leadership communication training program for a large financial institution.”可知，这位银行经理向大家呈现报告。故选B。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。根据“Every time someone was ____11____ before speaking, they'd shout, “that's amazing!" when they stood up and we'd all ____12____.”提示可知，这位银行经理都会大声说“太棒了”为自己鼓气。故选D。
24．考查连词词义辨析。根据“And we'd all laugh with her”可知，这里为原因状语从句，解释一起笑的原因。故选C。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管紧张，她的演讲还是非常吸引人。A. engaging动人的；B. encouraging令人鼓舞的；C. plain清楚的；D. explicit明确的。根据“And in spite of the nerves,”可知，尽管这位银行经理紧张，但她的演讲非常吸引人。故选A。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。根据“Contrary to popular belief, the secret to confident public speaking is not about getting rid of your nerves.”及全文可知，这里指演讲前的紧张。故选B。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这句话成为了我们小组的内部参考：每次有人在发言前感到紧张，他们站起来就会喊：“太棒了!”我们都会这样表示共勉。 A. compromise妥协；B. sympathize同情；同感；C. compensate补偿；D. condemn谴责。根据“Every time someone was ________ before speaking, they'd shout, “that's amazing!"”可知，大家以此句共同勉励大家。故选B。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。根据“but anxiety and calmness are too far apart.”可知，焦虑和兴奋非常相近。故选D。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们在大型公开演讲前告诉人们要冷静下来时，我们实际上是在建议一件极其困难的事情。 A. unique独特的；B. regular有规律的；C. difficult困难的；D. obscure难解的。根据“When we tell people to calm down before a big public speech,”可知，让人在演讲前冷静是非常困难的。故选C。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，专注于兴奋而不是试图冷静下来实际上有助于表现。A. evaluation评估；B. expectation期盼；C. performance表现；D. impression印象。根据“So focusing on excitement rather than trying to calm down”可知，让焦虑变成兴奋有助于我们在公众演讲的表现。故选C。
(二)
There once was an ordinary street in the suburbs where no one cared much for their gardens. The lawns were overgrown, the weeds were 31 and the hedges (树篱) desperately needed to be cut back. It looked very 32 . But when the neighbors saw their 33 , they just looked at each other and laughed.
It seemed too hard to 34 all the gardens and no one could be bothered to make them better because everyone's garden was 35 terrible. No one felt it was urgent to 36 anything. Then a gardener named Bill moved in. Bill was a 37 , hard-working and patient man who started working in the garden as soon as he 38 in the street. He took his lawn mower (割草机) out to cut back the grass and pulled out all of the weeds. Finally, he took up his gardening and started 39 his hedges, making them look like flowers, plants, stones, balls, etc.
Attracted by the 40 , the neighbors walked by and admired the newly manicured (修整的) garden. Over some time, something interesting happened. One by one, the neighbors started to put in more 41 in their own gardens and the sounds of lawn mowers could be heard again. After a few months, the street was 42 from a dirty, unappealing collection of houses to a beautiful avenue that wouldn't be out of place in a stylish magazine.
One person's action showed everyone what could be achieved with a little 43 work. It's easy for us to 44 the environment around us because no one else cares about it. Remember what you positively do not only 45 yourself, but also results in a change to the whole world.
31．A．taking over B．dying out C．giving D．falling off
32．A．tidy B．delicate C．familiar D．awful
33．A．gardens B．doors C．roofs D．farms
34．A．purchase B．guard C．clear D．build
35．A．scarcely B．invisibly C．slightly D．equally
36．A．keep B．change C．reach D．defeat
37．A．proud B．casual C．neat D．selfless
38．A．settled B．stepped C．performed D．stood
39．A．planting B．picking C．watering D．shaping
40．A．office clerk B．fashion designer C．landscape gardener D．street cleaner
41．A．furniture B．staff C．effort D．heat
42．A．transformed B．moved C．enlarged D．passed
43．A．mental B．hard C．corporate D．optional
44．A．observe B．mind C．overlook D．pollute
45．A．traps B．benefits C．defends D．admires
【答案】31-35 ADACD 36-40 BCADC 41-45 CABCB
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过讲述一条街的邻居在比尔的影响下开始清理自己的花园，让周围环境更美的故事，告诉读者一个人的行为可以向人们展示只需要一点点努力就可以做出改变。
31．考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：草坪杂草丛生，杂草占据了花园，树篱迫切地需要修剪。A. taking over接管，接收；B. dying out灭绝；C. giving给；D. falling off跌落，下降。根据上文的“The lawns were overgrown”可知，此处指杂草接管了花园，即“占据”。故选A。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它看起来非常糟糕。A. tidy整洁的；B. delicate精美的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. awful糟糕的。根据上文的“The lawns were overgrown, the weeds were __________ and the hedges (树篱) desperately needed to be cut back.”可知，这里的花园杂草丛生，看起来非常糟糕。故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的“There once was an ordinary street in the suburbs where no one cared much for their gardens.”可知，此处是指花园。故选A。
34．考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的“to make them better”可知，此处是指清理这些花园。故选C。
35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：要把所有这些花园清理干净似乎不容易，大家都懒得去收拾，因为所有人的花园都一样糟糕。A. scarcely几乎不；B. invisibly看不见地；C. slightly稍微地；D. equally相同的。根据上文的“where no one cared much for their gardens.”可知，这条街上人们的花园都同样糟糕，因为大家都不关心花园。故选D。
36．考查动词词义辨析。结合上文提到大家看到杂草丛生的花园都无动于衷、不想清理可知，没人想要做出改变。且下文的“but also results in a change to the whole world.”也是提示。故选B。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：比尔是一个整洁、勤劳以及有耐心的人，他到这条街安顿下来就开始在花园里忙碌起来。A. proud骄傲的；B. casual随意的；C. neat整洁的；D. selfless无私的。根据下文的“He took his lawn mower (割草机) out to cut back the grass and pulled out all of the weeds. ”可知，比尔开始清理花园，由此推知他是一个爱整洁的人。故选C。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：比尔是一个整洁、勤劳以及有耐心的人，他到这条街安顿下来就开始在花园里忙碌起来。A. settled定居，安顿；B. stepped踏；C. performed表演；D. stood站。根据上文的“Then a gardener named Bill moved in.”可知，比尔搬到了这条街，即在这里安顿下来。故选A。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他开始了园艺，开始给树篱造型，让它们看起来像花、植物、石头、球或者其他。A. planting种植；B. picking摘；C. watering浇水；D. shaping塑造，造型。根据下文的“making them look like flowers, plants, stones, balls, etc.”可知，比尔在给树篱造型，让它们看起来更美。故选D。
40．考查名词词组辨析。句意：被园林园丁吸引，邻居们专程过来欣赏刚刚休整好的花园。A. office clerk办公室职员；B. fashion designer时尚设计师；C. landscape gardener园林园丁；D. street cleaner街道清扫员。根据上文的“he took up his gardening and started __________ his hedges, making them look like flowers, plants, stones, balls, etc.”可推知，比尔是一个园林园丁。故选C。
41．考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的“There once was an ordinary street in the suburbs where no one cared much for their gardens.”可知，从前邻居们对自家的花园不管不顾，但现在在比尔的影响下开始把更多的精力投入到其中。故选C。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，这条街从一堆肮脏、毫无吸引力的房子变成了一条在时尚杂志上都不会显得格格不入的街道。A. transformed改变；B. moved搬动；C. enlarged扩大；D. passed经过。结合上文可知，现在这条街的人都格外关注自己的花园，由此推知这条街发生了变化，即被改变了。故选A。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个人的行为向所有人展示了只需要一点努力就可以取得成就。A. mental精神上的；B. hard努力的；C. corporate合作的；D. optional选择的。根据上文的“One by one, the neighbors started to put in more __________ in their own gardens and the sounds of lawn mowers could be heard again.”可知，只要每个人都付出一点努力，结果就会大不相同。故选B。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们很容易忽略我们的周围的环境，因为没有其他人在乎它。A. observe观察；B. mind介意；C. overlook忽略；D. pollute污染。根据上文的“The lawns were overgrown, the weeds were __________ and the hedges (树篱) desperately needed to be cut back.”和“But when the neighbors saw their __________, they just looked at each other and laughed.”可知，人们很容易忽略周围的环境，因为大家都不关注。故选C。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：记住：你积极从事的事情不仅对你有益，还可以给整个世界带来变化。A. traps困住；B. benefits对……有益；C. defends保卫，守卫；D. admires钦佩，羡慕。结合上文故事可知，比尔清理花园的行为不仅对自己有好处，还带动整条街的邻居改变周围的环境。故选B。
（四）
The other day, my grandfather was explaining his favorite expression, “Nothing is 46 ” Yesterday, as I tried to complete my day's work, I 47 to notice a bee on the skylight(天窗). The skylight was particularly high up, but I thought 48 the bee would take a few minutes. An hour later, the bee 49 remained. All that had changed was that the living room was 50 and that I was dizzy from looking up into the 51 I did not expect to waste an hour on it, but I understood that expression.
We often imagine what can work in our 52 , but we seldom think of all the negative things. However, it is important to remember your day or year might not go 53 , which is normal. It is acceptable to feel 54 -- even at a task you thought simple - because that is part of 55 .
If you can 56 nothing will ever be easy, then life might seem slightly more 57 . In middle school, I thought high school might be easier because I could choose the 58 I wanted to take. In high school, I thought college might be easier because I could have a schedule suited for myself. 59 each time, I was wrong. After accepting school wouldn't be easy, I 60 myself with a more positive attitude and improved results.
46．A．perfect B．common C．easy D．certain
47．A．attempted B．pretended C．seemed D．happened
48．A．watching B．removing C．feeding D．approaching
49．A．ever B．even C．still D．always
50．A．messy B．orderly C．empty D．dangerous
51．A．skylight B．sunlight C．bee D．living room
52．A．charge B．interest C．favor D．path
53．A．as planned B．as viewed C．as usual D．as well
54．A．silly B．strange C．challenged D．excited
55．A．work B．management C．routine D．life
56．A．agree B．accept C．state D．believe
57．A．comfortable B．tough C．manageable D．available
58．A．school B．books C．classes D．activities
59．A．Still B．Instead C．So D．Yet
60．A．taught B．found C．inspired D．helped
【答案】46-50 CDBCA 51-55 BCACD 56-60 BCCDB
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己的经历，分享了凡事不容易的生活哲理。
46．考查形容词词义辨析，句意：前几天，我的祖父分享了他最喜欢的一句话：没有什么是容易的。A. perfect完美的；B. common普通的；C. easy容易的；D. certain确定的。根据下文“If you can ________ nothing will ever be easy,”可知这句话表达的是“没有什么事情很容易就能做成”这一道理。故选C项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：昨天，当我正努力完成一天的工作时，我碰巧注意到天窗上有一只蜜蜂。A. attempted试图；B. pretended假装；C. seemed似乎；D. happened碰巧。根据上文“I tried to complete my day's work”可知，作者正在工作，看见蜜蜂只是碰巧。happen to do表示“碰巧，恰巧”。故选D项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：天窗特别高，但我认为把蜜蜂赶走只需要几分钟。A. watching观看；B. removing移除；C. feeding喂养；D. approaching接近。根据下文“An hour later, the bee _____ remained”可知，作者是想把这只蜜蜂赶走。故选B项。
49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：一个小时后，蜜蜂仍然停留在原地。A. ever曾经；B. even甚至；C. still仍然；D. always总是。根据上文“I thought____ the bee would take a few minutes”和空后“remained”可知，作者原以为用不了几分钟就能把蜜蜂赶走，结果一小时过去了，它“仍然”停留在那儿。故选C项。
50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：唯一改变的是客厅变得乱糟糟的，由于一直抬头看阳光使得我头晕目眩。我没料到会在这上面浪费一个小时，但我理解了那句话。A. messy杂乱的；B. orderly有序的；C. empty空的；D. dangerous危险的。根据上文“An hour later, the bee ______ remained.”可知，作者花了一小时赶蜜蜂，结果蜜蜂没有被赶走，房间却被弄得很乱。故选A项。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：唯一改变的是客厅变得乱糟糟的，由于一直抬头看阳光使得我头晕目眩。我没料到会在这上面浪费一个小时，但我理解了那句话。A. skylight天窗；B. sunlight阳光；C. bee蜜蜂；D. living room客厅。根据上文“I was dizzy from looking up into”可知，作者一直在试图赶走天窗上的蜜蜂，因为这个动作需要一直仰着头，所以应该是天窗透进来的阳光让他头晕目眩。故选B项。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们经常想象什么对我们有利，但我们很少想到所有负面的东西。A. charge费用；B. interest兴趣；C. favor赞同；D. path小路。根据下文but可知，空处和下文的“negative”进行对比，指积极的方面，in one's favor表示“有利于某人”，符合句意。故选C项。
53．考查介词短语辨析。句意：然而，重要的是要记住，你的每一天或每一年都可能没有按计划进行，这是很正常的。A. as planned按计划；B. as viewed按照观察；C. as usual像往常一样；D. as well同样地。根据上文“We often imagine what can work in our _____ , but we seldom think of all the negative things.”和However可知，此处表示转折，我们总是想象对我们有利的事情，但真实的生活并不一定会像我们计划的那样进行。故选A项。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：遇到挑战是可以接受的——即使是一项你认为很简单的任务——因为这是生活的一部分。A. silly愚蠢的；B. strange奇怪的；C. challenged有挑战的；D. excited激动的。根据上文“However, it is important to remember your day or year might not go_______, which is normal.”可知，事情并不总是按照我们计划的那样进行，这很正常，那么当我们感觉一件简单的事情也“很有挑战性”，就完全能接受了。故选C项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：遇到挑战是可以接受的——即使是一项你认为很简单的任务——因为这是生活的一部分。A. work工作；B. management管理；C. routine常规；D. life生活。根据常识可知，挑战是生活的一部分。故选D项。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你能接受没有什么是容易的，那么生活可能看起来会稍微容易一些。A. agree同意；B. accept接受；C. state陈述；D. believe相信。此处呼应上文“It is acceptable to feel _____-- even at a task you thought simple”中的acceptable，即使看似简单的事情也会有挑战性，因此没有什么是容易的，接受了这一事实，生活就会变得简单一些。故选B项。
57．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你能接受没有什么是容易的，那么生活可能看起来会稍微容易一些。A. comfortable舒适的；B. tough艰难的；C. manageable易管理的；D. available可获得的。根据上文“It is acceptable to feel ______-- even at a task you thought simple - because that is part of ________ .”可知，如果你能接受凡事不易，你就会做好心理准备，那么就会感觉生活似乎比较好应付一些了。故选C项。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在初中，我认为高中可能会更容易，因为我可以选择我想上的课程。A. school学校；B. books书；C. classes课程；D. activities活动。根据上文的“high school might be easier”和空后的“I wanted to take.”可知，作者认为高中可能会容易一些是因为可以选择自己想上的课程。故选C项。
59．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而每一次，我都错了。A. Still仍然；B. Instead代替；C. So因此；D. Yet然而。根据下文“I was wrong.”可知，现实与作者所想有出入，因此空处表转折。故选D项。
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