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高中英语高考 2021届高三第二次模拟考试卷 英语（一）学生版
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这是一份高中英语高考 2021届高三第二次模拟考试卷 英语（一）学生版，共10页。试卷主要包含了选择题的作答，非选择题的作答等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（新高考）2021届高三第二次模拟考试卷 此卷只装订不密封
班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号
英 语 （一）
注意事项：
1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What color are the gloves?
A. Blue. B. Green. C. Yellow.
2. What is the man looking for?
A A hotel. B. A hospital. C. A bookstore.
3. When will the next underground arrive?
A. At 1:55. B. At 2:00. C. At 2:05.
4. What are the speakers doing?
A. Cleaning a lecture hall. B. Scheduling a lecture. C. Making a list of speakers.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. WeChat B. Online shopping. C. The man's grandma.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. When will the meeting take place?
A. In January. B. In February. C. In June.
7. Which room does the man prefer?
A. Room 13. B. Room 19. C. Room 26.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Who is the man waiting for?
A. A repairman. B. A doctor. C. A salesman.
9. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a hospital. B. In a repair shop. C. In a supermarket.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the man good at?
A. Taking photos. B. Painting pictures. C. Doing presentations.
11. How does the man feel about the woman's suggestion at first?
A. Surprised. B. Worried. C. Uninterested.
12. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Guest and hostess. C. Classmates.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where is Susan from?
A. Italy. B. England. C. America.
14. How long did Susan work for Ferragamo?
A. About six months. B. Less than five years. C. Around six years.
15. What does Susan mainly design for the companies?
A. Shoes. B. Handbags. C. Jackets.
16. How has Susan's industry changed since 1982?
A. Italian design has become less popular.
B. The product quality has become worse.
C. It has become much more competitive.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the weather like for the journey?
A. Sunny. B. Cold. C. Windy.
18. Where is the bank?
A. On Floor A. B. On Floor B. C. On Floor C.
19. What is next to the bar on Floor A?
A. A toilet. B. A games room. C. The ship's office.
20. Who can use the relaxing room on Floor B?
A. Passengers travelling with cars.
B. Passengers travelling with children.
C. Passengers travelling without cars.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.2分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Muir Woods and Sausalito Half Day Tour
Wander through an ancient coastal redwood forest and explore the artistic bayside on this half-day tour from San Francisco. Travel across the Golden Gate Bridge to visit Muir Woods, home to some of the oldest and tallest trees on Earth. At the end of your tour choose between getting dropped off at Union Square in San Francisco or taking the ferry back to San Francisco.
Yosemite National Park and Giant Sequoias Day Trip
Discover the beauty of the Sierra Nevada on this full-day trip to Yosemite National Park from San Francisco. Travel aboard a comfortable van through historic Gold Rush towns to reach the park, where you’ll be amazed by supersized natural wonders. Take a hike among ancient trees, and enjoy several hours to explore the park’s wonders on your own.
Niagara Falls Tour
Escape from New York City and head north to see both sides of the Canadian border on this guided, 2-day tour to Niagara Falls. Visit Niagara Falls on both the American and Canadian sides and take a ride on the famous Maid of the Mist boat. Then, on the road back to New York City, make a stop to shop at the Crossings Premium Outlets, one of the largest outlet malls in the US.
Napa and Sonoma Wine Country Tour
Escape to California’s famous wine country on this full-day tour from San Francisco. Taste regional varietals at three different wineries including both big-name and family-run estates (庄园). Learn about the winemaking process during guided tours, and appreciate the regional culture with a stop for lunch.
21．Which tour should you choose if you want to do some shopping?
A．Muir Woods and Sausalito Half Day Tour.
B．Yosemite National Park and Giant Sequoias Day Trip.
C．Niagara Falls Tour.
D．Napa and Sonoma Wine Country Tour.
22．What can you do on Napa and Sonoma Wine Country Tour?
A．Appreciate some of the oldest and tallest trees on Earth.
B．Enjoy supersized natural wonders.
C．Get some winemaking knowledge.
D．Take a ride on the boat.
23．What does the writer intend to do by writing the passage?
A．To introduce some outdoor activities.
B．To share some tour experiences.
C．To advertise for the wine country.
D．To call for protecting natural wonders.
B
A calorie deficit is a state in which you burn more calories than you consume. As one of the most popular approaches of losing weight, how does it work? For example, if you burn 2,500 calories per day but only eat 2,000，you have created a deficit of 500 calories per day. There is mathematical certainty. But, this by no means tells the whole story about how calories deficit affects our lives.
Before wondering what a calorie deficit is, it’s probably best to learn what a calorie is. A calorie is a unit that we use to track our body’s energy expenditure (消耗) and storage. In order to just stay alive, human beings (and animals) burn calories. This means, even before we perform any activity, our bodies are already using energy (measured in calories) to keep us alive. Around 70% of the calories we consume are spent on just keeping our vital organs running. Thus, if a person consumes calories far more less than needed to look thin，it may have negative effects on the body.
When people pick up a calorie deficit, they often merely note that the calorie math is irrefutable (无可辩驳的). The question here is that not all calories are the same. If you eat a few bags of potato chip worth of calories to support the calorie intake needed to maintain or cut down on your weight, it will work. But, this doesn’t have the same effect on your body and overall health as a balanced nutritional meal containing the same amount of calories.
It seems like a simple unit of energy has become an object of our society’s obsession. It needn't be that way. Remember, calorie deficits are just a tool, which serves a purpose in losing some weight and keeping track of your calorie intake seems simple enough.
24．What do we know about the calorie deficit?
A．It helps people lose weight.
B．It is a way of doing exercises.
C．It affects people's lives positively.
D．It means the calories people consume.
25．Which of the following statements can be learned in Paragraph 2?
A．A calorie is a unit to store daily energy.
B．People need to burn calories to be alive.
C．Calorie intake is to keep our organs operating.
D．Living animals only burn calories after activities.
26．What is suggested for people to lose weight healthily?
A．Focusing on the calorie math when eating.
B．Focusing on different calories when eating.
C．Having bags of potato chips containing enough calories.
D．Having balanced nutritional diets containing proper calories.
27．What is the text mainly about?
A．Influences of calorie deficits. B．Approaches to lose weight.
C．Distinctions between calories. D．Ways to track calorie intake.
C
A tiny Alaska village has experienced a boom in tourism in recent years as polar bears spend more time on land than on Arctic sea ice.
More than 2,000 people visited the northern Alaska village of Kaktovik in 2018 to see polar bears in the wild. The far north community lies in an area where increasingly higher temperature has sped up the movement of sea ice, the primary habitat(栖息地) of polar bears. As ice has gradually moved to deep water beyond the continental shelf, more bears are remaining on land to look for food.
Polar bears have always been a common sight on sea ice near Kaktovik, but villagers started noticing a change in the mid-1990s. More bears seemed to stay on land, and researchers began taking note of more female bears making homes in the snow on land instead of on the ice to raise their babies. U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service biologists began hearing reports of the increasing number of polar bears in the area in the early 2000s. As more attention was given to the plight (困境)of polar bears about a decade ago, more tourists started heading to Kaktovik.
The village had fewer than 50 visitors annually before 2011, said Jennifer Reed, of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. “Today we’re talking about hundreds and hundreds of visitors, many from around the world each year,” Reed said. Most tourists visit in the fall, when bears are forced toward land because sea ice is farthest away from the shore. Bruce Inglangasak, a local hunter who sometimes offers wildlife-viewing tours, said been offering polar bear tours since 2004. Most of his clients(客户) are from China and Europe, as well as from the lower 48 U. S. states. Many tourists stay several days in the village, which has two small hotels. The villagers have benefited a lot from that. In turn, they provide more effective protection for polar bears with financial support from tourism development.
28．What causes more polar bears to stay on land in Kaktovik?
A．Food shortage. B．Climate change.
C．Habitats, movement to shore. D．Their preference for land.
29．How did common people feel about more sight of bears on land?
A．Excited. B．Puzzled. C．Concerned. D．Shocked.
30．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Hotels in Kaktovik are in demand in autumn.
B．Kaktovik has about 50 visitors annually.
C．Inglangasak makes a living as a tour guide.
D．Tourism affects the balance of nature.
31．Which saying can describe the text?
A．The fittest can survive.
B．After a storm comes a calm.
C．There is always opportunity in crisis.
D．Every coin has two sides.
D
There was a time when the major concern with AI safety had been the one evil super intelligence, reflected in the movie “The Terminator”. However, the game “Tacoma” takes a different approach. It assumes that there will be numerous AGI (artificial general intelligence) in the world and that any AGI, even a safely designed one, in the wrong hands at the wrong time could cause live« to be lost. That's the future that a growing number of AI safety experts are worried about.
This is not a new idea. In the book “Engineering a Safer World,” MIT professor Nancy G. Leveson addresses common misunderstandings about safety-critical systems engineering: engineering systems whose failure could lead to human loss. Such safety-critical technologies include aviation, nuclear power, automobiles, heavy chemicals, biotechnology, and, of course, AGI.
So what can be done?
Technology isn’t always the solution. A famous example is the invention of sonic radars (声波雷达) that were supposed to help ships detect nearby obstacles, but which only increased the rate of accidents. Why? Captains sailed faster, thinking they could get away with it thanks to the new safety technology.
Instead of technologies, Leveson's book suggests, we should be making organizational changes. Additionally, Leveson suggests, among many complicated guidelines, organizations should be aware that safety guidelines will inevitably become lax over time. As a consequence, measures should be carried out to prevent potential disasters.
What lessons can we draw from concern with AI safety? The answer may lie in recent disaster narratives (叙述), which remind us that, especially in limes like this, we shouldn't forget the potential for other disasters. Public conscience really does matter. And if we're all better at thinking about safety we citizens, maybe we really can prevent disasters.
32．Why does the author mentioned “The Terminator” in the first paragraph?
A．To arouse readers' interest in The Terminator.
B．To introduce the topic of concern with AI safely.
C．To mention the similarity between “The Terminator” and “Tacoma”.
D．To make readers recall the evil super intelligence reflected in the movie.
33．Why did the rate of ship accidents still increase after the invention of sonic radars?
A．Because captains seldom used them.
B．Because the radars failed to work properly.
C．Because captains depended on them too much.
D．Because the ships couldn't detect nearby obstacles.
34．What does the underlined word “lax” in paragraph 5 refer to?
A．Safe. B．Important.
C．Unreliable. D．Unnecessary.
35．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Disaster prevention Lessons from AI.
B．Safety problems in modern society.
C．Engineering development in modern days.
D．Future applications of artificial intelligence.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Music makes you more creative.36． , they come up with more creative solutions, according to researchers. It may be because music improves your brain’s flexibility. Another reason may be that it relaxes you enough for the creative juices to flow. But don’t play music too loudly.
Music can help during surgery. 37． . After surgery, it helps reduce pain. An analysis of 73 studies confirmed that listening to music before, during or after surgery reduces anxiety and pain levels, which in turn means less pain medication.
38． Studies have found that when you’re running, biking or walking, you’ll go farther with music on. Music relieves your discomfort and motivates you to stay on. The effect is so obviously great that the author of a review examining the psychological effects of music on exercise called music “a type of legal performance-improvement drug”.
Music aids sleep. Listening to music before bed can help you fall asleep faster and wake up less often during the night. 39． . In one study, seniors with sleep problems who listened to 45 minutes of soft slow music before bed reported a 35 percent improvement in their sleep.
Music gets you to ignore the passing of time. Scientists have shown repeatedly that people judge a period of waiting shorter when music is playing. Businessmen use that to their advantage, playing music so you stay longer and spend more. For instance, more drinks and food are sold in bars and restaurants when music is played. 40． , grocery sales increase by 38 percent.
A．In this case, you’ll feel more relaxed in the morning
B．And if the background music is slow
C．Then you play a piece of brief music
D．When people listen to happy music than when they sit in silence
E. When music is played varying from a tune to another
F. Music makes you get rid of the idea of quitting a workout
G. Listening to music before surgery has been shown to ease anxiety
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Fourth-grader, Sarah Haycox, made it her mission to right a wrong. And in doing so, she has shown the world what one 41 person, with passion, can do.
One day, when 42 by an athletic field near her school, Sarah noticed a small 43 with the name Edwin T. Pratt and the year 1930 - 1969 on it. She 44 who he was and what he did.
After some 45 , she learned that he was a civil rights leader who had done many good things to 46 others. Sadly, he was 47 just because someone disagreed with what he was doing.
Feeling that the small memorial was 48 big enough for a man who had so much 49 on others, Sarah 50 to do something!
There was a new 51 going up nearby for young kids. She found out who were 52 the building project and asked them if it could be named after Mr. Pratt. Through great efforts, her vision came to reality! Almost 50 years after his death, Edwin Pratt’s life and impact will be celebrated as the name of the new school.
Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr. Pratt was. But Sarah had the 53 to learn more, the vision to imagine something better and the courage to 54 her idea. Her amazing actions have 55 many other young people around the world.
41．A．honest B．young C．clever D．shy
42．A．walking B．running C．riding D．driving
43．A．museum B．church C．board D．memorial
44．A．forgot B．realized C．wondered D．explained
45．A．discussion B．research C．practice D．thought
46．A．teach B．rescue C．help D．repay
47．A．killed B．punished C．blamed D．arrested
48．A．rarely B．simply C．merely D．hardly
49．A．impact B．impression C．reflection D．dependence
50．A．stopped B．decided C．happened D．announced
51．A．library B．theatre C．school D．hospital
52．A．in need of B．in search of C．in favour of D．in charge of
53．A．curiosity B．confidence C．chance D．energy
54．A．prove B．change C．present D．pursue
55．A．astonished B．inspired C．attracted D．protected
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Earth Day 56． (found) in 1970 as a day of education about environmental problems, and Earth Day 20 occurs on Wednesday, April 22—the holiday’s 50th anniversary. The holiday is now a global celebration that’s sometimes extended into Earth Week, a full seven days of 57． (event) focused on green living.
58． (elect) to the U.S. Senate（参议院）in 1962, Senator Gaylord Nelson was determined to convince the federal government that the planet was 59． risk. In 1969, Nelson developed the idea for Earth Day after 60． (inspire) by the anti-Vietnam War “teach-ins” that were taking place on college campuses around the United States.
Denis Hayes, a young activist 61． had served as student president at Stanford University, was selected as Earth Day’s national coordinator（协调者）, and he worked with 62． army of student volunteers and several staff members from Nelson’s Senate office 63． (organize) the project.
The first Earth Day was effective at raising 64． (aware) about environmental problems and transforming public attitudes. Earth Day kicked off the “Environmental decade with a bang,” as Senator Nelson later put it. The theme of Earth Day 2020 is “climate action.” EarthDay.org hopes it will be the 65． (large) volunteer event in history.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
新华中学近期组织了校园劳动周(Campus Labor Week)活动。假定你是学校英语报记者，请写一篇简短的英文报道。内容包括：
1.活动的时间与地点；
2.活动的过程；
3.你的评论。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
I couldn't even sort through the first box of our dog Bama's toys without bursting into tears. My husband, Alan, found me sitting on the floor, holding our dog's favorite toy. He gently pulled me to my feet. "It's okay, Lisa," he said. "I'll put these away. Why don't you go outside and get some air?"
I nodded.
It had been a few months since our beloved Bama had passed away. Alan and I didn't have children. Our boxer (拳师犬) was our baby. After Bama's death, we couldn't bring ourselves to go through his toys to decide what to keep. I told myself I'd do it when I was ready. Apparently, I still wasn't.
Now I sat on my front porch (门廊) and sobbed. Friends and family had suggested we get another dog, but Alan and I dismissed the idea. We couldn't go through that kind of heartbreak again.
I gazed out over the yard. Across the street was a dog. A boxer. Was he real or just my wishful imagination? I blinked. The boxer was still there. We locked eyes. He came across the street, straight toward me. Hesitantly, I offered my hand. He sniffed it eagerly then he licked (舔) me. I let out a surprised laugh. He pushed his head into my lap to be petted.
This dog was younger than Bama, smaller. He was well-fed and well-dressed. He wore a collar but had no ID．I knew he must belong to someone in the neighborhood, but I'd never seen another boxer around. I would have remembered if I had.
"Where did you come from?" I asked the dog, scratching him behind the ears.
He just sat there at ease. He didn't seem lost. Just as if he were dropping by for a visit.
"Alan!" I called. "You have to come to see this!"
Alan joined me, and we sat together in surprise for a moment. Then the boxer got up and slowly ran off.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1
The next day, there was a strange scratching at the door.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
A week later, a young man I'd never seen before came in to visit.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（新高考）2021届高三第二次模拟考试卷
英 语 （一）答案解析
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
【答案】1-5 BCBBC 6-10 ABAAB 11-15 BCBCB 16-20 CACAA
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
【答案】21-23 CCA
【解析】本文是一篇广告布告类短文阅读。文章主要向读者介绍了四个不同户外活动。
21．细节理解题。根据文章Niagara Falls Tour中的Visit Niagara Falls on both the American and Canadian sides and take a ride on the famous Maid of the Mist boat. Then, on the road back to New York City, make a stop to shop at the Crossings Premium Outlets, one of the largest outlet malls in the US.可知，在回纽约市的路上，可以在Crossings Premium Outlets停下来购物，这是美国最大的购物中心之一。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据文章Napa and Sonoma Wine Country Tour中的Learn about the winemaking process during guided tours, and appreciate the regional culture with a stop for lunch.可知，在纳帕和索诺玛葡萄酒乡村之旅中，可以在导游的带领下了解葡萄酒酿造过程。故选C。
23．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文是一篇广告布告类短文阅读。文章主要向读者介绍了四个不同户外活动。故选A。
【答案】24-27 ABDA
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了卡路里的定义以及告诉我们不能仅仅看卡路里的数值，不能对于这样的能量单位太过痴迷。
16．细节理解题。根据第一段A calorie deficit is a state in which you burn more calories than you consume. As one of the most popular approaches of losing weight可知，卡路里不足可以减肥。故选A项。
17．细节理解题。根据第二段In order to just stay alive, human beings (and animals) burn calories.可知，人需要燃烧卡路里才能活着。故选B项。
18．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段If you eat a few bags of potato chip worth of calories to support the calorie intake needed to maintain or cut down on your weight, it will work. But, this doesn’t have the same effect on your body and overall health as a balanced nutritional meal containing the same amount of calories.可知，作者建议食用含有适当的热量，营养均衡的饮食来减肥。故选D项。
19．主旨大意题。根据第一段But, this by no means tells the whole story about how calories deficit affects our lives.及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了卡路里不足带来的影响。故选A项。
【答案】28-31 BCAD
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。气候变暖导致海冰融化，北极熊登陆，为阿拉斯加的一个小村庄带来了巨大的人气，促进了当地旅游业发展，当地人又用旅游业的收入为北极熊提供积极的保护。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中的The far north community lies in an area where increasingly higher temperature has sped up the movement of sea ice, the primary habitat(栖息地) of polar bears. As ice has gradually moved to deep water beyond the continental shelf, more bears are remaining on land to look for food.可知，全球变暖加速了海冰融化，破坏了北极熊原本的栖息地，越来越多的北极熊待在陆地上以寻找食物。故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段More bears seemed to stay on land, and researchers began taking note of more female bears making homes in the snow on land instead of on the ice to raise their babies.和As more attention was given to the plight (困境)of polar bears about a decade ago, more tourists started heading to Kaktovik.可知，随着越来越多的北极熊出现在陆地上，研究人员、生物学家等也越来越多地关注北极熊所处的这一困境，随后，更多游客前往Kaktovik。由此可推知，大众对更多北极熊登陆现象表示关注。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Most tourists visit in the fall及Many tourists stay several days in the village, which has two small hotels.可知，大多数游客会选择在秋季去Kaktovik游览，而且很多游客会在这个小村庄待上几天，而这个小村庄只有两个小旅馆，故可推知在秋季，Kaktovik的旅馆很抢手。故选A。
31．推理判断题。通读文章可知，并根据第一段A tiny Alaska village has experienced a boom in tourism in recent year's as polar bears spend more time on land than on Arctic sea ice.和第二段描述可知，因为全球气候变暖，北极熊被迫登陆来寻找食物以生存下去，这本来是北极熊的困境，然而北极熊登陆却促进了一个小村庄旅游业的发展，这对小村庄来说是一个机遇。再结合最后一段的The villagers have benefited a lot from that. In turn, they provide more effective protection for polar bears with financial support from tourism development.可推知，D项Every coin has two sides. “事物都有两面性”可以描述本文讲述的情况 。故选D。
【答案】32-35 BCCA
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们对人工智能安全的担忧，作者提出如果公民都能更好地考虑安全问题，也许我们真的可以预防灾难的想法。
32．推理判断题。根据第一段There was a time when the major concern with AI safety had been the one evil super intelligence, reflected in the movie “The Terminator”.可推断，作者提及《终结者》是为了介绍本文对人工智能安全的担忧的主题。故选B项。
33．细节理解题。根据第四段Captains sailed faster, thinking they could get away with it thanks to the new safety technology.可见，是因为他们过于依赖新技术使得事故发生更多。故选C项。
34．词义猜测题。根据第五段As a consequence, measures should be carried out to prevent potential disasters.可猜测，随着时间的推移，安全指南也不再安全，所以lax意为“不可靠的”。故选C项。
35．主旨大意题。根据最后一段What lessons can we draw from concern with AI safety?及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述我们人类在人工智能安全中获得的教训。故选A项。
【答案】36-40 DGFAB
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了音乐的一些好处，包括听音乐会使人更有创造力、有助于降低手术前、手术中或手术后的焦虑和疼痛水平、让人更能坚持锻炼以及辅助睡眠等等。
36．根据后文they come up with more creative solutions, according to researchers. It may be because music improves your brain’s flexibility. Another reason may be that it relaxes you enough for the creative juices to flow.可知他们会想出更有创意的解决方案。这可能是因为音乐提高了你大脑的灵活性。另一个原因可能是它能让你足够放松，让你的创造性思维得以流动。由此可知，本句是在说明当人们听着快乐的音乐时，他们会更有创造力。故D选项“当人们听着快乐的音乐，而不是静静地坐着”符合上下文语境，故选D。
37．根据后文After surgery, it helps reduce pain. An analysis of 73 studies confirmed that listening to music before, during or after surgery reduces anxiety and pain levels, which in turn means less pain medication.可知手术后，它有助于减轻疼痛。一项对73项研究的分析证实，在手术前、手术中或手术后听音乐可以降低焦虑和疼痛水平，从而减少止痛药。由此可知，本句是在说明手术前听音乐可以缓解焦虑。故G选项“手术前听音乐已被证明可以缓解焦虑”符合上下文语境，故选G。
38．根据后文Studies have found that when you’re running, biking or walking, you’ll go farther with music on. Music relieves your discomfort and motivates you to stay on.可知研究发现，当你跑步、骑自行车或走路时，你会随着音乐走得更远。音乐可以缓解你的不适，激励你坚持下去。由此可知，运动时听音乐能让人坚持下去，走得更远，打消放弃的念头。故F选项“音乐能让你打消放弃锻炼的念头”符合上下文语境，故选F。
39．根据上文Music aids sleep. Listening to music before bed can help you fall asleep faster and wake up less often during the night.可知音乐辅助睡眠。睡前听音乐可以帮助你更快入睡，减少夜间醒来的次数。由此可知，音乐有助于睡眠质量的提高，那么结果就是人们早上醒来会感到更放松。故A选项“在这种情况下，你会在早上感到更放松”符合上下文语境，故选A。
40．根据上文Scientists have shown repeatedly that people judge a period of waiting shorter when music is playing. Businessmen use that to their advantage, playing music so you stay longer and spend more.可知科学家们已经反复证明，当音乐响起时，人们会判断等待的时间变短了。商家利用这一点，播放音乐，让你待得更久，花得更多。以及后文grocery sales increase by 38 percent.可知杂货店的销售额会增加38%。由此可知，在酒吧和餐厅播放的背景音乐如果是舒缓的，那么人们会停留更久，消费更多，从而导致杂货店的销售额会增加38%。故B选项“如果背景音乐是慢的”符合上下文语境，故选B。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
【答案】41-45 BADCB 46-50 CADAB 51-55 CDADB
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公Sarah通过自己的努力，让一个已被人忘记的人权运动领袖，重新被人纪念的故事。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。上文提到“四年级的Sarah Haycox”，由此可知应是年轻人。故选B项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。根据最后一段第一行 “Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr. Pratt was” 可知，此处她是 “走过” 运动场。故选A项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。根据最后一段第一行 “Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr. Pratt was”可知，此处应是她注意到的一个“小纪念碑”。故选D项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。根据第三段第一句话，她做了一些研究，最后知道了纪念碑主人的身份。故可推知，此处表示她 “想知道” 。故选C项。
45．考查名词词义辨析。依据后面她得知的结果，说明是在“研究，调查”后得知的。故选B项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。根据上文可知，Edwin T. Pratt是一位民权领袖。人们给他树立了纪念碑，由此我们可知，他一定帮助过很多人。故选C项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。划线后提到有人不同意他的做法，所以因此他被杀害。人们对此为他立碑。故选A项。
48．考查副词词义辨析。根据上文可知，Edwin T. Pratt是一位民权领袖，同时他为人民做了很多的事情。因此可知，一个小小的纪念碑是不够的。另外根据后文可知，Sarah觉得纪念碑几乎不够大，所以她找了一个学校来以他命名。故选D项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。前文提到了作为一位民权领袖，他帮助了很多人。同时Sarah觉得一个小小的纪念碑是不够的，是因为他“影响” 了很多人。故选A项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。由下文可知Sarah为了纪念这位民权领袖，她找了一所愿意以Edwin T. Pratt命名的学校。因此可推出，此处表示Sarah决定做点什么。故选B项。
51．考查名词词义辨析。根据倒数第二段最后一句提到的 “新学校” 可知，此处新建的是一所儿童学校。故选C项。
52．考查介词短语辨析。根据下文提到的Through great efforts, her vision came to reality可知，她的想法最终梦想成真。因此可知，她找到了 “负责” 这项建筑的人。故选D项。
53．考查名词词义辨析。根据上文第4题提到的 “她想知道他是谁，他干了什么事” 可知，Sarah拥有好奇心。故此处的curiosity 和第4题的wonder构成相互呼应。故选A项。
54．考查动词词义辨析。根据上文提及的当Sarah觉得纪念碑太小，不足以纪念这位民权领袖时，她就找到新建学校的负责人，成功了说服他以Edwin T. Pratt来命名。由此可见Sarah有追求自己想法的勇气。故选D项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。此处和文章第一段构成首尾呼应。根据第一段提及 “她向世界展示了一个充满激情的年轻人可以做到的事情” 可知，她的行为 “激励” 了世界各地其他年轻人。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
【答案】
56．was founded 57．events 58．Elected 59．at 60．being inspired
61．who/that 62．an 63．to organize 64．awareness 65．largest
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍地球日的由来。
56．考查时态和语态。句中主语Earth Day与动词found之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据句中时间状语in 1970可知用一般过去时。且主语是第三人称单数，故填was founded。
57．考查名词的数。名词event为可数名词，根据a full seven days of可知用复数形式，表示“为期七天的活动”。故填events。
58．考查非谓语动词。句中逻辑主语Senator Gaylord Nelson与elect之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。位于句首，注意首字母大写。故填Elected。
59．考查介词。短语at risk表示“处境危险，遭受危险”。故填at。
60．考查非谓语动词。介词after之后用v-ing形式。主语Nelson与inspire之间为被动关系，所以用动名词的被动形式。故填being inspired。
61．考查定语从句。句中先行词为a young activist，指人，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或者that。故填who/that。
62．考查冠词。an army of一大批, 一大群。名词army发音是以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
63．考查非谓语动词。句中不定式作目的状语。故填to organize。
64．考查名词。动词raise后接名词形式作宾语。故填awareness。
65．考查形容词最高级。句意：EarthDay.org 希望这将是历史上规模最大的志愿者活动。根据句意可知，这里用形容词最高级形式。故填largest。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
In order to enhance students’ physical quality, our school organized a “Campus Labor Week” activity.
It was held from May 15th to 19th in our school. Some lectures on labor skills were given on the first day, from which we benefitted a lot. Cutting trees and watering flowers were attractions to Senior One. Varieties of other labor projects gave us unforgettable experiences. Undoubtedly, not only can this event enrich our school life, but also offer us opportunities to learn more daily practical skills!
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
The next day, there was a strange scratching at the door. I opened it and found my unexpected guest—the mystery boxer, who seemed to still remember me. He came over lightly and licked my hand, as if trying to erase my painful memories. Seeing him follow me from room to room, I gradually felt the ache in my heart lessen. I suddenly realized that I could pass Bama's favorite toys to my guest. So each day I would stand at the front door, waiting for the happy moment when my guest came and played with the toys.
A week later, a young man I'd never seen before came in to visit. The man said his family had just
（新高考）2021届高三第二次模拟考试卷 此卷只装订不密封
班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号
英 语 （一）
注意事项：
1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What color are the gloves?
A. Blue. B. Green. C. Yellow.
2. What is the man looking for?
A A hotel. B. A hospital. C. A bookstore.
3. When will the next underground arrive?
A. At 1:55. B. At 2:00. C. At 2:05.
4. What are the speakers doing?
A. Cleaning a lecture hall. B. Scheduling a lecture. C. Making a list of speakers.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. WeChat B. Online shopping. C. The man's grandma.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. When will the meeting take place?
A. In January. B. In February. C. In June.
7. Which room does the man prefer?
A. Room 13. B. Room 19. C. Room 26.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Who is the man waiting for?
A. A repairman. B. A doctor. C. A salesman.
9. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a hospital. B. In a repair shop. C. In a supermarket.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the man good at?
A. Taking photos. B. Painting pictures. C. Doing presentations.
11. How does the man feel about the woman's suggestion at first?
A. Surprised. B. Worried. C. Uninterested.
12. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Guest and hostess. C. Classmates.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where is Susan from?
A. Italy. B. England. C. America.
14. How long did Susan work for Ferragamo?
A. About six months. B. Less than five years. C. Around six years.
15. What does Susan mainly design for the companies?
A. Shoes. B. Handbags. C. Jackets.
16. How has Susan's industry changed since 1982?
A. Italian design has become less popular.
B. The product quality has become worse.
C. It has become much more competitive.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the weather like for the journey?
A. Sunny. B. Cold. C. Windy.
18. Where is the bank?
A. On Floor A. B. On Floor B. C. On Floor C.
19. What is next to the bar on Floor A?
A. A toilet. B. A games room. C. The ship's office.
20. Who can use the relaxing room on Floor B?
A. Passengers travelling with cars.
B. Passengers travelling with children.
C. Passengers travelling without cars.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.2分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Muir Woods and Sausalito Half Day Tour
Wander through an ancient coastal redwood forest and explore the artistic bayside on this half-day tour from San Francisco. Travel across the Golden Gate Bridge to visit Muir Woods, home to some of the oldest and tallest trees on Earth. At the end of your tour choose between getting dropped off at Union Square in San Francisco or taking the ferry back to San Francisco.
Yosemite National Park and Giant Sequoias Day Trip
Discover the beauty of the Sierra Nevada on this full-day trip to Yosemite National Park from San Francisco. Travel aboard a comfortable van through historic Gold Rush towns to reach the park, where you’ll be amazed by supersized natural wonders. Take a hike among ancient trees, and enjoy several hours to explore the park’s wonders on your own.
Niagara Falls Tour
Escape from New York City and head north to see both sides of the Canadian border on this guided, 2-day tour to Niagara Falls. Visit Niagara Falls on both the American and Canadian sides and take a ride on the famous Maid of the Mist boat. Then, on the road back to New York City, make a stop to shop at the Crossings Premium Outlets, one of the largest outlet malls in the US.
Napa and Sonoma Wine Country Tour
Escape to California’s famous wine country on this full-day tour from San Francisco. Taste regional varietals at three different wineries including both big-name and family-run estates (庄园). Learn about the winemaking process during guided tours, and appreciate the regional culture with a stop for lunch.
21．Which tour should you choose if you want to do some shopping?
A．Muir Woods and Sausalito Half Day Tour.
B．Yosemite National Park and Giant Sequoias Day Trip.
C．Niagara Falls Tour.
D．Napa and Sonoma Wine Country Tour.
22．What can you do on Napa and Sonoma Wine Country Tour?
A．Appreciate some of the oldest and tallest trees on Earth.
B．Enjoy supersized natural wonders.
C．Get some winemaking knowledge.
D．Take a ride on the boat.
23．What does the writer intend to do by writing the passage?
A．To introduce some outdoor activities.
B．To share some tour experiences.
C．To advertise for the wine country.
D．To call for protecting natural wonders.
B
A calorie deficit is a state in which you burn more calories than you consume. As one of the most popular approaches of losing weight, how does it work? For example, if you burn 2,500 calories per day but only eat 2,000，you have created a deficit of 500 calories per day. There is mathematical certainty. But, this by no means tells the whole story about how calories deficit affects our lives.
Before wondering what a calorie deficit is, it’s probably best to learn what a calorie is. A calorie is a unit that we use to track our body’s energy expenditure (消耗) and storage. In order to just stay alive, human beings (and animals) burn calories. This means, even before we perform any activity, our bodies are already using energy (measured in calories) to keep us alive. Around 70% of the calories we consume are spent on just keeping our vital organs running. Thus, if a person consumes calories far more less than needed to look thin，it may have negative effects on the body.
When people pick up a calorie deficit, they often merely note that the calorie math is irrefutable (无可辩驳的). The question here is that not all calories are the same. If you eat a few bags of potato chip worth of calories to support the calorie intake needed to maintain or cut down on your weight, it will work. But, this doesn’t have the same effect on your body and overall health as a balanced nutritional meal containing the same amount of calories.
It seems like a simple unit of energy has become an object of our society’s obsession. It needn't be that way. Remember, calorie deficits are just a tool, which serves a purpose in losing some weight and keeping track of your calorie intake seems simple enough.
24．What do we know about the calorie deficit?
A．It helps people lose weight.
B．It is a way of doing exercises.
C．It affects people's lives positively.
D．It means the calories people consume.
25．Which of the following statements can be learned in Paragraph 2?
A．A calorie is a unit to store daily energy.
B．People need to burn calories to be alive.
C．Calorie intake is to keep our organs operating.
D．Living animals only burn calories after activities.
26．What is suggested for people to lose weight healthily?
A．Focusing on the calorie math when eating.
B．Focusing on different calories when eating.
C．Having bags of potato chips containing enough calories.
D．Having balanced nutritional diets containing proper calories.
27．What is the text mainly about?
A．Influences of calorie deficits. B．Approaches to lose weight.
C．Distinctions between calories. D．Ways to track calorie intake.
C
A tiny Alaska village has experienced a boom in tourism in recent years as polar bears spend more time on land than on Arctic sea ice.
More than 2,000 people visited the northern Alaska village of Kaktovik in 2018 to see polar bears in the wild. The far north community lies in an area where increasingly higher temperature has sped up the movement of sea ice, the primary habitat(栖息地) of polar bears. As ice has gradually moved to deep water beyond the continental shelf, more bears are remaining on land to look for food.
Polar bears have always been a common sight on sea ice near Kaktovik, but villagers started noticing a change in the mid-1990s. More bears seemed to stay on land, and researchers began taking note of more female bears making homes in the snow on land instead of on the ice to raise their babies. U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service biologists began hearing reports of the increasing number of polar bears in the area in the early 2000s. As more attention was given to the plight (困境)of polar bears about a decade ago, more tourists started heading to Kaktovik.
The village had fewer than 50 visitors annually before 2011, said Jennifer Reed, of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. “Today we’re talking about hundreds and hundreds of visitors, many from around the world each year,” Reed said. Most tourists visit in the fall, when bears are forced toward land because sea ice is farthest away from the shore. Bruce Inglangasak, a local hunter who sometimes offers wildlife-viewing tours, said been offering polar bear tours since 2004. Most of his clients(客户) are from China and Europe, as well as from the lower 48 U. S. states. Many tourists stay several days in the village, which has two small hotels. The villagers have benefited a lot from that. In turn, they provide more effective protection for polar bears with financial support from tourism development.
28．What causes more polar bears to stay on land in Kaktovik?
A．Food shortage. B．Climate change.
C．Habitats, movement to shore. D．Their preference for land.
29．How did common people feel about more sight of bears on land?
A．Excited. B．Puzzled. C．Concerned. D．Shocked.
30．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Hotels in Kaktovik are in demand in autumn.
B．Kaktovik has about 50 visitors annually.
C．Inglangasak makes a living as a tour guide.
D．Tourism affects the balance of nature.
31．Which saying can describe the text?
A．The fittest can survive.
B．After a storm comes a calm.
C．There is always opportunity in crisis.
D．Every coin has two sides.
D
There was a time when the major concern with AI safety had been the one evil super intelligence, reflected in the movie “The Terminator”. However, the game “Tacoma” takes a different approach. It assumes that there will be numerous AGI (artificial general intelligence) in the world and that any AGI, even a safely designed one, in the wrong hands at the wrong time could cause live« to be lost. That's the future that a growing number of AI safety experts are worried about.
This is not a new idea. In the book “Engineering a Safer World,” MIT professor Nancy G. Leveson addresses common misunderstandings about safety-critical systems engineering: engineering systems whose failure could lead to human loss. Such safety-critical technologies include aviation, nuclear power, automobiles, heavy chemicals, biotechnology, and, of course, AGI.
So what can be done?
Technology isn’t always the solution. A famous example is the invention of sonic radars (声波雷达) that were supposed to help ships detect nearby obstacles, but which only increased the rate of accidents. Why? Captains sailed faster, thinking they could get away with it thanks to the new safety technology.
Instead of technologies, Leveson's book suggests, we should be making organizational changes. Additionally, Leveson suggests, among many complicated guidelines, organizations should be aware that safety guidelines will inevitably become lax over time. As a consequence, measures should be carried out to prevent potential disasters.
What lessons can we draw from concern with AI safety? The answer may lie in recent disaster narratives (叙述), which remind us that, especially in limes like this, we shouldn't forget the potential for other disasters. Public conscience really does matter. And if we're all better at thinking about safety we citizens, maybe we really can prevent disasters.
32．Why does the author mentioned “The Terminator” in the first paragraph?
A．To arouse readers' interest in The Terminator.
B．To introduce the topic of concern with AI safely.
C．To mention the similarity between “The Terminator” and “Tacoma”.
D．To make readers recall the evil super intelligence reflected in the movie.
33．Why did the rate of ship accidents still increase after the invention of sonic radars?
A．Because captains seldom used them.
B．Because the radars failed to work properly.
C．Because captains depended on them too much.
D．Because the ships couldn't detect nearby obstacles.
34．What does the underlined word “lax” in paragraph 5 refer to?
A．Safe. B．Important.
C．Unreliable. D．Unnecessary.
35．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Disaster prevention Lessons from AI.
B．Safety problems in modern society.
C．Engineering development in modern days.
D．Future applications of artificial intelligence.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Music makes you more creative.36． , they come up with more creative solutions, according to researchers. It may be because music improves your brain’s flexibility. Another reason may be that it relaxes you enough for the creative juices to flow. But don’t play music too loudly.
Music can help during surgery. 37． . After surgery, it helps reduce pain. An analysis of 73 studies confirmed that listening to music before, during or after surgery reduces anxiety and pain levels, which in turn means less pain medication.
38． Studies have found that when you’re running, biking or walking, you’ll go farther with music on. Music relieves your discomfort and motivates you to stay on. The effect is so obviously great that the author of a review examining the psychological effects of music on exercise called music “a type of legal performance-improvement drug”.
Music aids sleep. Listening to music before bed can help you fall asleep faster and wake up less often during the night. 39． . In one study, seniors with sleep problems who listened to 45 minutes of soft slow music before bed reported a 35 percent improvement in their sleep.
Music gets you to ignore the passing of time. Scientists have shown repeatedly that people judge a period of waiting shorter when music is playing. Businessmen use that to their advantage, playing music so you stay longer and spend more. For instance, more drinks and food are sold in bars and restaurants when music is played. 40． , grocery sales increase by 38 percent.
A．In this case, you’ll feel more relaxed in the morning
B．And if the background music is slow
C．Then you play a piece of brief music
D．When people listen to happy music than when they sit in silence
E. When music is played varying from a tune to another
F. Music makes you get rid of the idea of quitting a workout
G. Listening to music before surgery has been shown to ease anxiety
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Fourth-grader, Sarah Haycox, made it her mission to right a wrong. And in doing so, she has shown the world what one 41 person, with passion, can do.
One day, when 42 by an athletic field near her school, Sarah noticed a small 43 with the name Edwin T. Pratt and the year 1930 - 1969 on it. She 44 who he was and what he did.
After some 45 , she learned that he was a civil rights leader who had done many good things to 46 others. Sadly, he was 47 just because someone disagreed with what he was doing.
Feeling that the small memorial was 48 big enough for a man who had so much 49 on others, Sarah 50 to do something!
There was a new 51 going up nearby for young kids. She found out who were 52 the building project and asked them if it could be named after Mr. Pratt. Through great efforts, her vision came to reality! Almost 50 years after his death, Edwin Pratt’s life and impact will be celebrated as the name of the new school.
Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr. Pratt was. But Sarah had the 53 to learn more, the vision to imagine something better and the courage to 54 her idea. Her amazing actions have 55 many other young people around the world.
41．A．honest B．young C．clever D．shy
42．A．walking B．running C．riding D．driving
43．A．museum B．church C．board D．memorial
44．A．forgot B．realized C．wondered D．explained
45．A．discussion B．research C．practice D．thought
46．A．teach B．rescue C．help D．repay
47．A．killed B．punished C．blamed D．arrested
48．A．rarely B．simply C．merely D．hardly
49．A．impact B．impression C．reflection D．dependence
50．A．stopped B．decided C．happened D．announced
51．A．library B．theatre C．school D．hospital
52．A．in need of B．in search of C．in favour of D．in charge of
53．A．curiosity B．confidence C．chance D．energy
54．A．prove B．change C．present D．pursue
55．A．astonished B．inspired C．attracted D．protected
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Earth Day 56． (found) in 1970 as a day of education about environmental problems, and Earth Day 20 occurs on Wednesday, April 22—the holiday’s 50th anniversary. The holiday is now a global celebration that’s sometimes extended into Earth Week, a full seven days of 57． (event) focused on green living.
58． (elect) to the U.S. Senate（参议院）in 1962, Senator Gaylord Nelson was determined to convince the federal government that the planet was 59． risk. In 1969, Nelson developed the idea for Earth Day after 60． (inspire) by the anti-Vietnam War “teach-ins” that were taking place on college campuses around the United States.
Denis Hayes, a young activist 61． had served as student president at Stanford University, was selected as Earth Day’s national coordinator（协调者）, and he worked with 62． army of student volunteers and several staff members from Nelson’s Senate office 63． (organize) the project.
The first Earth Day was effective at raising 64． (aware) about environmental problems and transforming public attitudes. Earth Day kicked off the “Environmental decade with a bang,” as Senator Nelson later put it. The theme of Earth Day 2020 is “climate action.” EarthDay.org hopes it will be the 65． (large) volunteer event in history.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
新华中学近期组织了校园劳动周(Campus Labor Week)活动。假定你是学校英语报记者，请写一篇简短的英文报道。内容包括：
1.活动的时间与地点；
2.活动的过程；
3.你的评论。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
I couldn't even sort through the first box of our dog Bama's toys without bursting into tears. My husband, Alan, found me sitting on the floor, holding our dog's favorite toy. He gently pulled me to my feet. "It's okay, Lisa," he said. "I'll put these away. Why don't you go outside and get some air?"
I nodded.
It had been a few months since our beloved Bama had passed away. Alan and I didn't have children. Our boxer (拳师犬) was our baby. After Bama's death, we couldn't bring ourselves to go through his toys to decide what to keep. I told myself I'd do it when I was ready. Apparently, I still wasn't.
Now I sat on my front porch (门廊) and sobbed. Friends and family had suggested we get another dog, but Alan and I dismissed the idea. We couldn't go through that kind of heartbreak again.
I gazed out over the yard. Across the street was a dog. A boxer. Was he real or just my wishful imagination? I blinked. The boxer was still there. We locked eyes. He came across the street, straight toward me. Hesitantly, I offered my hand. He sniffed it eagerly then he licked (舔) me. I let out a surprised laugh. He pushed his head into my lap to be petted.
This dog was younger than Bama, smaller. He was well-fed and well-dressed. He wore a collar but had no ID．I knew he must belong to someone in the neighborhood, but I'd never seen another boxer around. I would have remembered if I had.
"Where did you come from?" I asked the dog, scratching him behind the ears.
He just sat there at ease. He didn't seem lost. Just as if he were dropping by for a visit.
"Alan!" I called. "You have to come to see this!"
Alan joined me, and we sat together in surprise for a moment. Then the boxer got up and slowly ran off.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1
The next day, there was a strange scratching at the door.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
A week later, a young man I'd never seen before came in to visit.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（新高考）2021届高三第二次模拟考试卷
英 语 （一）答案解析
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
【答案】1-5 BCBBC 6-10 ABAAB 11-15 BCBCB 16-20 CACAA
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
【答案】21-23 CCA
【解析】本文是一篇广告布告类短文阅读。文章主要向读者介绍了四个不同户外活动。
21．细节理解题。根据文章Niagara Falls Tour中的Visit Niagara Falls on both the American and Canadian sides and take a ride on the famous Maid of the Mist boat. Then, on the road back to New York City, make a stop to shop at the Crossings Premium Outlets, one of the largest outlet malls in the US.可知，在回纽约市的路上，可以在Crossings Premium Outlets停下来购物，这是美国最大的购物中心之一。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据文章Napa and Sonoma Wine Country Tour中的Learn about the winemaking process during guided tours, and appreciate the regional culture with a stop for lunch.可知，在纳帕和索诺玛葡萄酒乡村之旅中，可以在导游的带领下了解葡萄酒酿造过程。故选C。
23．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文是一篇广告布告类短文阅读。文章主要向读者介绍了四个不同户外活动。故选A。
【答案】24-27 ABDA
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了卡路里的定义以及告诉我们不能仅仅看卡路里的数值，不能对于这样的能量单位太过痴迷。
16．细节理解题。根据第一段A calorie deficit is a state in which you burn more calories than you consume. As one of the most popular approaches of losing weight可知，卡路里不足可以减肥。故选A项。
17．细节理解题。根据第二段In order to just stay alive, human beings (and animals) burn calories.可知，人需要燃烧卡路里才能活着。故选B项。
18．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段If you eat a few bags of potato chip worth of calories to support the calorie intake needed to maintain or cut down on your weight, it will work. But, this doesn’t have the same effect on your body and overall health as a balanced nutritional meal containing the same amount of calories.可知，作者建议食用含有适当的热量，营养均衡的饮食来减肥。故选D项。
19．主旨大意题。根据第一段But, this by no means tells the whole story about how calories deficit affects our lives.及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了卡路里不足带来的影响。故选A项。
【答案】28-31 BCAD
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。气候变暖导致海冰融化，北极熊登陆，为阿拉斯加的一个小村庄带来了巨大的人气，促进了当地旅游业发展，当地人又用旅游业的收入为北极熊提供积极的保护。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中的The far north community lies in an area where increasingly higher temperature has sped up the movement of sea ice, the primary habitat(栖息地) of polar bears. As ice has gradually moved to deep water beyond the continental shelf, more bears are remaining on land to look for food.可知，全球变暖加速了海冰融化，破坏了北极熊原本的栖息地，越来越多的北极熊待在陆地上以寻找食物。故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段More bears seemed to stay on land, and researchers began taking note of more female bears making homes in the snow on land instead of on the ice to raise their babies.和As more attention was given to the plight (困境)of polar bears about a decade ago, more tourists started heading to Kaktovik.可知，随着越来越多的北极熊出现在陆地上，研究人员、生物学家等也越来越多地关注北极熊所处的这一困境，随后，更多游客前往Kaktovik。由此可推知，大众对更多北极熊登陆现象表示关注。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Most tourists visit in the fall及Many tourists stay several days in the village, which has two small hotels.可知，大多数游客会选择在秋季去Kaktovik游览，而且很多游客会在这个小村庄待上几天，而这个小村庄只有两个小旅馆，故可推知在秋季，Kaktovik的旅馆很抢手。故选A。
31．推理判断题。通读文章可知，并根据第一段A tiny Alaska village has experienced a boom in tourism in recent year's as polar bears spend more time on land than on Arctic sea ice.和第二段描述可知，因为全球气候变暖，北极熊被迫登陆来寻找食物以生存下去，这本来是北极熊的困境，然而北极熊登陆却促进了一个小村庄旅游业的发展，这对小村庄来说是一个机遇。再结合最后一段的The villagers have benefited a lot from that. In turn, they provide more effective protection for polar bears with financial support from tourism development.可推知，D项Every coin has two sides. “事物都有两面性”可以描述本文讲述的情况 。故选D。
【答案】32-35 BCCA
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们对人工智能安全的担忧，作者提出如果公民都能更好地考虑安全问题，也许我们真的可以预防灾难的想法。
32．推理判断题。根据第一段There was a time when the major concern with AI safety had been the one evil super intelligence, reflected in the movie “The Terminator”.可推断，作者提及《终结者》是为了介绍本文对人工智能安全的担忧的主题。故选B项。
33．细节理解题。根据第四段Captains sailed faster, thinking they could get away with it thanks to the new safety technology.可见，是因为他们过于依赖新技术使得事故发生更多。故选C项。
34．词义猜测题。根据第五段As a consequence, measures should be carried out to prevent potential disasters.可猜测，随着时间的推移，安全指南也不再安全，所以lax意为“不可靠的”。故选C项。
35．主旨大意题。根据最后一段What lessons can we draw from concern with AI safety?及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述我们人类在人工智能安全中获得的教训。故选A项。
【答案】36-40 DGFAB
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了音乐的一些好处，包括听音乐会使人更有创造力、有助于降低手术前、手术中或手术后的焦虑和疼痛水平、让人更能坚持锻炼以及辅助睡眠等等。
36．根据后文they come up with more creative solutions, according to researchers. It may be because music improves your brain’s flexibility. Another reason may be that it relaxes you enough for the creative juices to flow.可知他们会想出更有创意的解决方案。这可能是因为音乐提高了你大脑的灵活性。另一个原因可能是它能让你足够放松，让你的创造性思维得以流动。由此可知，本句是在说明当人们听着快乐的音乐时，他们会更有创造力。故D选项“当人们听着快乐的音乐，而不是静静地坐着”符合上下文语境，故选D。
37．根据后文After surgery, it helps reduce pain. An analysis of 73 studies confirmed that listening to music before, during or after surgery reduces anxiety and pain levels, which in turn means less pain medication.可知手术后，它有助于减轻疼痛。一项对73项研究的分析证实，在手术前、手术中或手术后听音乐可以降低焦虑和疼痛水平，从而减少止痛药。由此可知，本句是在说明手术前听音乐可以缓解焦虑。故G选项“手术前听音乐已被证明可以缓解焦虑”符合上下文语境，故选G。
38．根据后文Studies have found that when you’re running, biking or walking, you’ll go farther with music on. Music relieves your discomfort and motivates you to stay on.可知研究发现，当你跑步、骑自行车或走路时，你会随着音乐走得更远。音乐可以缓解你的不适，激励你坚持下去。由此可知，运动时听音乐能让人坚持下去，走得更远，打消放弃的念头。故F选项“音乐能让你打消放弃锻炼的念头”符合上下文语境，故选F。
39．根据上文Music aids sleep. Listening to music before bed can help you fall asleep faster and wake up less often during the night.可知音乐辅助睡眠。睡前听音乐可以帮助你更快入睡，减少夜间醒来的次数。由此可知，音乐有助于睡眠质量的提高，那么结果就是人们早上醒来会感到更放松。故A选项“在这种情况下，你会在早上感到更放松”符合上下文语境，故选A。
40．根据上文Scientists have shown repeatedly that people judge a period of waiting shorter when music is playing. Businessmen use that to their advantage, playing music so you stay longer and spend more.可知科学家们已经反复证明，当音乐响起时，人们会判断等待的时间变短了。商家利用这一点，播放音乐，让你待得更久，花得更多。以及后文grocery sales increase by 38 percent.可知杂货店的销售额会增加38%。由此可知，在酒吧和餐厅播放的背景音乐如果是舒缓的，那么人们会停留更久，消费更多，从而导致杂货店的销售额会增加38%。故B选项“如果背景音乐是慢的”符合上下文语境，故选B。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
【答案】41-45 BADCB 46-50 CADAB 51-55 CDADB
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公Sarah通过自己的努力，让一个已被人忘记的人权运动领袖，重新被人纪念的故事。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。上文提到“四年级的Sarah Haycox”，由此可知应是年轻人。故选B项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。根据最后一段第一行 “Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr. Pratt was” 可知，此处她是 “走过” 运动场。故选A项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。根据最后一段第一行 “Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr. Pratt was”可知，此处应是她注意到的一个“小纪念碑”。故选D项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。根据第三段第一句话，她做了一些研究，最后知道了纪念碑主人的身份。故可推知，此处表示她 “想知道” 。故选C项。
45．考查名词词义辨析。依据后面她得知的结果，说明是在“研究，调查”后得知的。故选B项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。根据上文可知，Edwin T. Pratt是一位民权领袖。人们给他树立了纪念碑，由此我们可知，他一定帮助过很多人。故选C项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。划线后提到有人不同意他的做法，所以因此他被杀害。人们对此为他立碑。故选A项。
48．考查副词词义辨析。根据上文可知，Edwin T. Pratt是一位民权领袖，同时他为人民做了很多的事情。因此可知，一个小小的纪念碑是不够的。另外根据后文可知，Sarah觉得纪念碑几乎不够大，所以她找了一个学校来以他命名。故选D项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。前文提到了作为一位民权领袖，他帮助了很多人。同时Sarah觉得一个小小的纪念碑是不够的，是因为他“影响” 了很多人。故选A项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。由下文可知Sarah为了纪念这位民权领袖，她找了一所愿意以Edwin T. Pratt命名的学校。因此可推出，此处表示Sarah决定做点什么。故选B项。
51．考查名词词义辨析。根据倒数第二段最后一句提到的 “新学校” 可知，此处新建的是一所儿童学校。故选C项。
52．考查介词短语辨析。根据下文提到的Through great efforts, her vision came to reality可知，她的想法最终梦想成真。因此可知，她找到了 “负责” 这项建筑的人。故选D项。
53．考查名词词义辨析。根据上文第4题提到的 “她想知道他是谁，他干了什么事” 可知，Sarah拥有好奇心。故此处的curiosity 和第4题的wonder构成相互呼应。故选A项。
54．考查动词词义辨析。根据上文提及的当Sarah觉得纪念碑太小，不足以纪念这位民权领袖时，她就找到新建学校的负责人，成功了说服他以Edwin T. Pratt来命名。由此可见Sarah有追求自己想法的勇气。故选D项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。此处和文章第一段构成首尾呼应。根据第一段提及 “她向世界展示了一个充满激情的年轻人可以做到的事情” 可知，她的行为 “激励” 了世界各地其他年轻人。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
【答案】
56．was founded 57．events 58．Elected 59．at 60．being inspired
61．who/that 62．an 63．to organize 64．awareness 65．largest
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍地球日的由来。
56．考查时态和语态。句中主语Earth Day与动词found之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据句中时间状语in 1970可知用一般过去时。且主语是第三人称单数，故填was founded。
57．考查名词的数。名词event为可数名词，根据a full seven days of可知用复数形式，表示“为期七天的活动”。故填events。
58．考查非谓语动词。句中逻辑主语Senator Gaylord Nelson与elect之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。位于句首，注意首字母大写。故填Elected。
59．考查介词。短语at risk表示“处境危险，遭受危险”。故填at。
60．考查非谓语动词。介词after之后用v-ing形式。主语Nelson与inspire之间为被动关系，所以用动名词的被动形式。故填being inspired。
61．考查定语从句。句中先行词为a young activist，指人，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或者that。故填who/that。
62．考查冠词。an army of一大批, 一大群。名词army发音是以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
63．考查非谓语动词。句中不定式作目的状语。故填to organize。
64．考查名词。动词raise后接名词形式作宾语。故填awareness。
65．考查形容词最高级。句意：EarthDay.org 希望这将是历史上规模最大的志愿者活动。根据句意可知，这里用形容词最高级形式。故填largest。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
In order to enhance students’ physical quality, our school organized a “Campus Labor Week” activity.
It was held from May 15th to 19th in our school. Some lectures on labor skills were given on the first day, from which we benefitted a lot. Cutting trees and watering flowers were attractions to Senior One. Varieties of other labor projects gave us unforgettable experiences. Undoubtedly, not only can this event enrich our school life, but also offer us opportunities to learn more daily practical skills!
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
The next day, there was a strange scratching at the door. I opened it and found my unexpected guest—the mystery boxer, who seemed to still remember me. He came over lightly and licked my hand, as if trying to erase my painful memories. Seeing him follow me from room to room, I gradually felt the ache in my heart lessen. I suddenly realized that I could pass Bama's favorite toys to my guest. So each day I would stand at the front door, waiting for the happy moment when my guest came and played with the toys.
A week later, a young man I'd never seen before came in to visit. The man said his family had just
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