2021-2022学年江苏省无锡市江阴市澄西中学高一（下）第一次月考英语试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2021-2022学年江苏省无锡市江阴市澄西中学高一（下）第一次月考英语试卷（含答案解析），共20页。

A Language Prgramme fr Teenagers
Welcme t Teenagers Abrad!We invite yu t jin us n an amazing jurney f language learning.
Our Curses
Regardless f yur chice f curse,yu'll develp yur language ability bth quickly and effectively.
Our Standard Curse guarantees a significant increase in yur cnfidence in a freign language,with fcused teaching in all 4 skill areas----speaking,listening,reading and writing.
Our Intensive Curse builds n ur Standard Curse,with 10 additinal lessns per week,guaranteeing the fastest pssible language learning （see table belw）.
Curse Type Days Number f Lessn Curse Timetable
Standard Curse Mn-Fri 20 lessns 9：00-12：30
Intensive Curse Mn-Fri 20 lessns 9：00-12：30
10 lessns 13：00-14：30
Evaluatin
Students are placed int classes accrding t their current language skills.The majrity f them take n nline language test befre starting their prgramme.Hwever,if this is nt available,students sit the exam n the first Mnday f their curse.
Learning materials are prvided t students thrughut their curse,and there will never be mre than 15 participants in each class.
Arrivals and Transfer
Our prgramme ffers the full package—students are take gd care f frm the start thrugh t the very end.They are cllected frm the airprt upn arrival and brught t their accmmdatin in cmfrt.We require the student's full details at least 4 weeks in advance.
Meals/Allergies（过敏）/Special Dietary Requirements
Students are prvided with breakfast,dinner and either a cked r packed lunch（which cnsists f a sandwich,a drink and a dessert）.Snacks utside f mealtimes may be purchased by the student individually.
We ask that yu let us knw f any allergies r dietary requirements as well as infrmatin abut any medicines yu take.Depending n the type f allergies and/ r dietary requirements,an extra charge may be made fr prviding special fd.
1. Hw des Intensive Curse differ frm Standard Curse？ ______
A. It is less effective.B. It fcuses n speaking.
C. It includes extra lessns.D. It give yu cnfidence
2. When can a student attend Standard Curse？ ______
A. 13：00-14：30 Mnday.B. 9：00-12：30 Tuesday
C. 13：00-14：30 Friday.D. 9：00-12：30 Saturday.
3. Befre starting their prgramme,students are expected t ______ .
A. take a language testB. have an nline interview
C. prepare learning materialsD. reprt their language levels
4. With the full package,the prgramme rganizer is suppsed t ______ .
A. infrm students f their full flight details
B. lk after students thrughut the prgramme
C. ffer students free sightseeing trips
D. cllect students' luggage in advance
5. Which f the fllwing may require an extra payment？ ______
A. Cked dinner.B. Mealtime dessert.
C. Packed lunch.D. Special diet.
B
I read smewhere that we spend a full third f ur lives waiting.But where are we ding all f this waiting,and what des it mean t an impatient sciety like urs？T understand the issue,let's take a lk at three types f "waits".
The very purest frm f waiting is the Watched-Pt Wait.It is withut dubt the mst annying f all.Take filling up the kitchen sink（洗碗池） as an example.There is abslutely nthing yu can d while this is ging n but keep bth eyes fixed n the sink until it's full.During these waits,the brain slips away frm the bdy and wanders abut until the water runs ver the edge f the cunter and nt yur scks.This kind f wait makes the waiter helpless and mindless.
A cusin t the Watched-Pt Wait is the Frced Wait.This ne requires a bit f discipline.Prperly preparing packaged ndle sup requires a Frced Wait.Directins are very specific. "Bring three cups f water t bil,add mix,simmer three minutes,remve frm heat,let stand five minutes." I have my dubts that anyne has actually fllwed the prcedures strictly.After all,Frced Waiting requires patience.
Perhaps the mst pwerful type f waiting is the Lucky-Break Wait.This type f wait is unusual in that it is fr the mst part vluntary.Unlike the Frced Wait,which is als vluntary,waiting fr yur lucky break des nt necessarily mean that it will happen.
Turning ne's life int a waiting game requires faith and hpe,and is strictly fr the ptimists amng us.On the surface it seems as ridiculus as fllwing the directins n sup mixes,but the Lucky-Break Wait well serves thse wh are willing t d it.As lng as ne desn't cme t rely n it,wishing fr a few gd things t happen never hurts anybdy.
We certainly d spend a gd deal f ur time waiting.The next time yu're standing at the sink waiting fr it t fill while cking ndle sup that yu'll have t eat until a large bag f cash falls ut f the sky,dn't be desperate.Yu're prbably just as busy as the next guy.
6. While ding a Watched-Pt Wait,we tend t ______ .
A. keep urselves busyB. get absent-minded
C. grw anxiusD. stay fcused
7. What is the difference between the Frced Wait and the Watched-Pt Wait？ ______
A. The Frced Wait requires sme self-cntrl.
B. The Frced Wait makes peple passive.
C. The Watched-Pt Wait needs directins.
D. The Watched-Pt Wait engages bdy and brain.
8. What can we learn abut the Lucky-Break Wait？ ______
A. It is less vluntary than the Frced Wait.
B. It desn't always bring the desired result.
C. It is mre fruitful than the Frced Wait.
D. It desn't give peple faith and hpe.
9. What des the authr advise us t d the next time we are waiting？ ______
A. Take it seriusly.B. Dn't rely n thers.
C. D smething else.D. Dn't lse heart.
10. The authr supprts his view by ______ .
A. explring varius causes f "waits".
B. describing detailed prcesses f "waits".
C. analyzing different categries f "waits"
D. revealing frustrating cnsequences f "waits"
C
Failure is prbably the mst exhausting experience a persn ever has.There is nthing mre tiring than nt succeeding.
We experience this tiredness in tw ways：as start-up fatigue（疲惫） and perfrmance fatigue.In the frmer case,we keep putting ff a task because it has either t bring r t difficult.And the lnger we delay it,the mre tired we feel.
Such start-up fatigue is very real,even if nt actually physical,nt smething in ur muscles and bnes.The slutin is bvius thugh perhaps nt easy t apply：always handle the mst difficult jb first.
Years ag,I was asked t write 102 essays n the great ideas f sme famus authrs.Applying my wn rule,I determined t write them in alphabetical（按字母顺序），never letting myself leave ut a tugh idea.And I always started the day's wrk with the difficult task f essay-writing.Experience prved that the rule wrks.
Perfrmance fatigue is mre difficult t handle.Thugh willing t get started,we cannt seem t d the jb right.Its difficulties appear s great that,hwever hard we wrk,we fail again and again.In such a situatin,I wrk as hard as I can-then let the uncnscius take ver.
When planning Encyclpedia Britannica （《大英百科全书》），I had t create a table f cntents based n the tpics f its articles.Nthing like this had ever been dne befre,and day after dat I kept cming up with slutins,but nne f them wrked.My fatigue became almst unbearable.
One day,mentally exhausted,I wrte dwn all the reasns why this prblem culd nt be slved.I tried t cnvince myself that the truble was with the prblem itself,nt with me.Relived,I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.
An hur later,I wke up suddenly with the slutin clearly in mind.In the weeks that fllwed,the slutin which had cme up in my uncnscius mind prvided crrect at every step.Thugh I wrked as hard as befre,I felt n fatigue.Success was nw as exciting as failure had been depressing.
Human beings,I believe must try t succeed.Success,then,means never feeling tired.
11. Peple with start-up fatigue are mst likely t ______ .
A. delay tasksB. wrk hardC. seek helpD. accept failure
12. What des the authr recmmend ding t prevent start-up fatigue？ ______
A. Writing essays in strict rder.
B. Building up physical strength.
C. Leaving ut the tughest ideas.
D. Dealing with the hardest task first.
13. On what ccasin des a persn prbably suffer frm perfrmance fatigue？ ______
A. Befre starting a difficult task.
B. When all the slutins fail.
C. If the jb is rather bring.
D. After finding a way ut.
14. Accrding t the authr,the uncnscius mind may help us ______ .
A. ignre mental prblemsB. get sme nice sleep
C. gain cmplete reliefD. find the right slutin
15. What culd be the best title fr the passage？ ______
A. Success Is Built upn Failure
B. Hw t Handle Perfrmance Fatigue
C. Getting ver Fatigue：A Way t Success
D. Fatigue：An Early Sign f Health Prblems
There is n dubt that in its shrt existence,the Internet has already had a pwerful impact n everyday life.Never befre has infrmatin been s readily available （可获得的）. (1) Cnsidering hw fast this medium f cmmunicatin has taken hld,it's perhaps nt surprising that it has als had a rather huge impact n the language we use.
S,tday we're taking a clser lk at hw exactly scial media and the Internet are affecting ur everyday cmmunicatin.
(2) This might be a fitting example f hw much vcabulary that gt its start n the net has cme int everyday use.In additin t "selfie"， "t Ggle" has becme a widely accepted verb, "phtbmbing" is a knwn phenmenn and we have Facebk t thank fr "unfriending".This list ges n and n. (3) Think abut "wall"， "wireless"， "tablet" and "like".They're nw used in cmpletely new ways.
While gaining new vcabulary and evlving （逐步发展） is smething languages have always dne,the Internet serves t speed up this prcess cnsiderably.Anther curius thing is the speed at which new vcabulary is intrduced,used,verused,and discarded （不再使用） in the Internet Age.
(4) In an era （时代） where anyne can be their wn authr,editr,and publisher,it might nt be surprising that traditinal grammar rules are being replaced by smething mre flexible.
The develpment f the Internet has changed many parts f ur life. (5)
A.Half f the cntent nline is in English.
B.Besides,cmmn wrds stand fr smething different.
C.There are als many frms f infrmal writing n the Internet.
D.Mre than a quarter f Internet users are between the ages f 15 and 24.
E.Keeping in tuch with friends and family acrss the planet has been made s easy.
F.It has certainly changed the way we practice and cmmunicate with language.
G.In 2013，the Oxfrd English Dictinary stated "selfie" as their Wrd f the Year.
16. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
I always cnsidered myself a gd friend and I'm always there when my friends need me.I truly believed I was a（n） (21) friend — until the pandemic （流行病） hit and I (22) I hadn't been ding enugh.
I basically put my (23)in a cuple f different buckets （桶）：thse I talk t daily r almst daily,thse wh are lcal and (24) frequently,thse I catch up with every s ften,and thse wh I knw are still my clse friends (25) we barely （几乎不） talk.Fr years this has been my (26)，and fr years it's (27) fr all f us,I assumed.
As sn as we started ging int lckdwn ver COVID-19，ne f my friends in the last categry （类别） texted me and suggested we Wechat t (28).I realized we hadn't spken in nearly a year!A glbal health crisis made me realize I shuld have been keeping in tuch with her better.
What really(29) me the mst was the realizatin that I had t many friends wh didn't (30) me either during the pandemic.We were s (31) letting days g by withut talking that even this unusual event didn't (32) that.And that didn't sit right with me.
I (33)the fact that it tk the threat f lsing my friends fr me t be a better friend.My friends are s (34) t me,and I abslutely knw I can carve ut mre time t be mre (35) in their lives.
21. A. interestingB. excellentC. differentD. special
22. A. guessedB. realizedC. rememberedD. hped
23. A. friendsB. neighbrsC. relativesD. patients
24. A. travelB. mveC. meetD. help
25. A. ever sinceB. nw thatC. even thughD. as if
26. A. apprachB. explanatinC. pprtunityD. expectatin
27. A. disappearedB. develpedC. wrkedD. failed
28. A. shw ffB. catch upC. get awayD. hld n
29. A. hitB. annyedC. impressedD. scared
30. A. leaveB. refuseC. cntactD. frgive
31. A. careful abutB. afraid fC. srry frD. used t
32. A. spreadB. achieveC. changeD. mentin
33. A. frgetB. hateC. believeD. dubt
34. A. imprtantB. realC. strangeD. pen
35. A. presentB. cnfidentC. pwerfulD. independent
36. Scientists are utilizing (利用) new technlgy that allws them (1) (study) millins f small earthquakes in the hpe (2) being able t predict (预测) the next big ne.
The study cmes ut f the Ls Alams Natinal Labratry. It shws hw advancing cmputer technlgy is nw able t read 10 times the number f earthquakes previusly (3) (recrd), as lcal expert f gelgy, Patrick Abbtt explained.
"We (4) (knw) since the 1800s that earthquakes cme in swarms (群)—yu get smaller nes, bigger nes, and a lt f aftershcks as well; but we have never been able t tell the difference between a freshck (5) a big shck until afterwards, yu lk back ver it," explained Abbtt. "Yu start with: here is the shaking frm ne earthquake, here is the shaking frm anther ne, and try t srt (6) (they) all ut and it turns ut there is almst (7) (exact) 10 times as many earthquakes as we had thught."
The new technlgy shwed sme small earthquakes (8) had never been picked up befre; like a magnitude (震级) f negative 2.0. Thse earthquakes are cnsidered invisible (看不见的) but by (9) (see) them cllectively nw, scientists can see where thse happened befre a 4.0 magnitude quake.
He said the study des nt slve the prblem f predicting earthquakes, but seeing when smaller nes are shaking gives (10) (researcher) a better sht at predicting a bigger ne.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. ______（varius） f slutins have been prvided fr us t slve the prblem.
38. Since 1748，Pmpeii ______（unearth） systematically.
39. In remte regins,the air is pure and the crps are free f ______（pisn） insecticides（杀虫剂）.
40. The snw will sn ______（appear） when the warm weather cmes.
41. With mney ______（run） ut,it is hard fr us t push ahead with the plan.
42. We are kept ______（infrm） f what is happening in the wrld by brwsing news nline.
43. ______（ lcate） in the west f the city,it has expanded t a big farm cvering mre than 1000 mu in the past tw decade years.
44. It wuld be ______（ unbearable） painful t test each f these cmbinatins by hand.
45. China is a cuntry______（belng） t the third wrld.
46. These dcument are nt allwed t be ______（access） t the public.
47. 谈到这个人时，你的脑海中闪现的是诚实（ spring t mind ）______
48. 在过去的50年里，由于农耕和养牛等人类活动，17% 的雨林已经消失了。（due t；such as）______
49. 她立刻意识到这些是海啸来临的征兆。（ it ccurred t sb that）______
50. 他匆匆赶到售票处，结果却被告知所有的票都卖光了（ticket ffice；nly t ）______
51. 我的新学校是以前的三倍大。（倍数表达） ______
52. 你校校报英文版正在就"自然灾害的应急处理"这一话题征文，请你以Hw t react in an earthquake为题，就如何应对地震写一篇短文，主要内容包括：（1）地震的日常防护；（2）震中的自救及注意事项。
要求：字数100词左右
Hw t react in an earthquake
____________________________
(1)
(2)
答案和解析
1~5.【答案】C、B、A、B、D
【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据Our Curses部分Our Intensive Curse builds n ur Standard Curse,with 10 additinal lessns per week,guaranteeing the fastest pssible language learning（see table belw）.强化课程是在标准课程的基础上每周增加10节课。可知，加强课程和标准课程的不同在于它包括额外的课程。故选C。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据表格的第二行Standard Curse-Mn-Fri-9：00--12：30.标准课程的时间是星期一到星期五的上午9点到12点30。可知，学生可以在星期二的9点到12点半参加标准课程。故选B。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据Evaluatin部分The majrity f them take an nline language test befre starting their prgramme.他们中的大多数人在开始他们的课程之前都会参加在线语言测试。可知，在开始课程之前，学生被希望参加一个语言考试。故选A。
（4）B.推理判断题。根据Arrivals and Transfer部分Our prgramme ffers the full package — students are taken gd care f frm the start thrugh t the very end.该课程提供全套服务---学生从开始到结束都受到很好的照顾。可知，课程的组织者应该在整个课程的过程中照顾学生。故选B。
（5）D.细节理解题。根据最后一段Depending n the type f allergies and/r dietary requirements,an extra charge may be made fr prviding special fd.根据过敏类型和/或饮食要求，可能会对提供特殊食物收取额外费用。可知，特殊的饮食可能要额外付款。故选D。
本文是一则广告。介绍一个语言学习课程的课程设置，学习生活方面的要求。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
6~10.【答案】B、A、B、D、C
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第二段There is abslutely nthing yu can d while this is ging n but keep bth eyes fixed n the sink until it's full.During these waits,the brain slips away frm the bdy and wanders abut until the water runs ver the edge f the cunter and nt yur scks.（在这个过程中，你什么也做不了，只能两眼盯着水槽，直到水槽装满水为止。在这些等待过程中，大脑会从身体中溜走，四处游荡，直到水从柜台边缘流到你的袜子上。）可知，当我们盯着罐子看的时候，我们倾向于心不在焉，A.keep urselves busy 让我们保持忙碌；B.get absent-minded 心不在焉的；C.grw anxius 变得焦虑；D.stay fcused 保持关注，故选B。
（2）A.细节理解题。根据第三段After all,Frced Waiting requires patience（毕竟，强迫等待需要耐心。）可知，强迫等待与被监视的等待的区别是强迫等待需要一些自制力，故选A。
（3）B.推理判断题。根据第四段Unlike the Frced Wait,which is als vluntary,waiting fr yur lucky break des nt necessarily mean that it will happen.（不同于强迫等待，这也是自愿的，等待你的幸运假期并不一定意味着它会发生。）可知，幸运的等待并不总是带来预期的结果，故选B。
（4）D.细节理解题。根据最后一段The next time yu're standing at the sink waiting fr it t fill while cking ndle sup that yu'll have t eat until a large bag f cash falls ut f the sky,dn't be desperate. （下一次当你站在水槽边等着它装满的时候，你就得吃面条汤，直到一大包现金从天而降，不要绝望。）可知作者建议我们下次等待时不要失去信心，结合选项A.Take it seriusly 认真对待；B.Dn't rely n thers 不要依赖别人；C.D smething else 做点别的；D.Dn't lse heart 别灰心，故选D。
（5）C.写作手法题。根据第一段T understand the issue,let's take a lk at three types f' waits.（为了理解这个问题，让我们看一下三种类型的"等待"。）可知，作者证明自己的观点通过分析不同类别的"等待"，故选C。
本文是一篇日常生活类阅读，主要介绍了日常生活中出现的三种等待，并且对每种等待作了详细的分析。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
11~15.【答案】A、D、B、D、C
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第二段We experience this tiredness in tw ways ：as start-up fatigue （疲惫）and perfrmance fatigue.In the frmer case,we keep putting ff a task because it has either t bring r t difficult. 我们以两种方式体验这种疲劳：开始型疲劳和能力型疲劳。在前一种情况下，我们不断推迟一项任务，因为它要么太无聊，要么太难。可知，有开始型疲劳的人们最有可能推迟任务。A.delay tasks 延迟任务；B.wrk hard 努力工作；C.seek help 寻求帮助；D.accept failure 接受失败。故选A。
（2）D.推理判断题。根据第二段The slutin is bvius thugh perhaps nt easy t apply：always handle the mst difficult jb first.解决方案是显而易见的，但也许不容易应用：总是先处理最困难的工作。可知，为了防止启动疲惫，作者建议先解决最难的任务，故选D。
（3）B.细节理解题。根据第五段Its difficulties appear s great that,hwever hard we wrk,we fail again and again.In such a situatin,I wrk as hard as I can-then let the uncnscius take ver. 它的困难看起来如此之大，以至于无论我们多么努力工作，我们都会一次又一次地失败。在这种情况下，我尽我所能地努力工作--然后让潜意识接管。可知，能力型疲劳是无论我们工作的多艰辛，但是我们还是一遍又一遍的失败，因此当所有的解决办法都失败的时候，一个人会感到能力型疲劳。故选B。
（4）D.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段In the weeks that fllwed,the slutin which had cme up in my uncnscius mind prved crrect at every step.在接下来的几周里，我潜意识里想到的解决办法每一步都被证明是正确的。可知，根据作者的说法，潜意识可以帮助我们找到正确的解决办法。A.ignre mental prblems 忽视心理问题；B.get sme nice sleep 好好睡一觉；C.gain cmplete relief 获得完全缓解；D.find the right slutin 找到正确的解决办法。故选D。
（5）C.标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要作者围绕失败、疲倦、成功之间的关系展开论述。并以自己的亲身经历提出解决办法。最后指出克服疲倦的关键是获得成功。因此C项Getting ver Fatigue：A Way t Success（克服疲劳：成功之道）概括文章大意，适合作为标题，故选C。
本文是一篇日常生活类阅读，作者围绕失败、疲倦、成功之间的关系展开论述。并以自己的亲身经历提出解决办法。最后指出克服疲倦的关键是获得成功。
考查日常生活类阅读理解。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
16~20.【答案】E、G、B、C、F
【解析】（1）E.推理判断题。根据前文"There is n dubt that in its shrt existence,the Internet has already had a pwerful impact n everyday life. "（毫无疑问，在它短暂的存在中，互联网已经对日常生活产生了强大的影响。）可猜测，划线句是举互联网使我们日常生活改变的例子。E选项"Keeping in tuch with friends and family acrss the planet has been made s easy." （与世界各地的朋友和家人保持联系变得如此容易。）符合语境，故选E。
（2）G.主题归纳题。根据下文In additin t "selfie" （除了"selfie"）可以推断上面这个句子中应该包含"selfie"，而且这句话后面"This might be a fitting example..." 说明前一句应该举了一个例子，"this" 指代"the Oxfrd English Dictinary stated "selfie" as their Wrd f the Year" ，可知G.In 2013，the Oxfrd English Dictinary stated "selfie" as their Wrd f the Year. （2013年，《牛津英语词典》将"自拍"列为年度词汇。）符合语境，故选G。
（3）B.细节理解题。根据下文"Think abut "wall"， "wireless"， "tablet" and "like' .They're nw used in cmpletely new ways." （想想"墙"、 "无线"、 "平板电脑"和"点赞"。它们现在以全新的方式被使用。）可知，一些常见的词汇被赋予了不同的含义。B选项"Besides,cmmn wrds stand fr smething different." （此外，普通单词代表不同的东西。）符合语境，故选B。
（4）C.推理判断题。根据下文"In an age when anyne can be their wn authr,editr and publisher,it might nt be surprising that traditinal grammar rules are being replaced by smething mre flexible. " （在一个任何人都可以成为自己的作者、编辑和出版商的时代，传统的语法规则被更灵活的东西所取代，这也许并不令人惊讶。）可知，本段讲述的是一些非正式的词汇的发展。C选项"There are als many frms f infrmal writing n the Internet." （因特网上也有许多非正式的写作形式。）符合语境，故选C。
（5）F.推理判断题。根据前文"The develpment f the Internet has changed many parts f ur life." （互联网的发展改变了我们生活的许多方面。）最后一段是总结本文互联网的发展对我们日常生活和交流的影响。F选项"It has certainly changed the way we practice and cmmunicate with language." （它确实改变了我们练习和用语言交流的方式。）符合语境，故选F。
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了互联网的发展改变了我们练习和用语言交流的方式。
考查选句填空。做题时要注意以下几方面：1．放进去通顺，这一点是基础，凡不通顺的必错无疑；2、选项中有单词、词组、句子成分或与所选答案所在段内容重合；3、选项与其上句或下句之间有必然的逻辑关系；4、选项全部内容都属于正确答案所在段，有时备选答案中可能含有甲乙两项内容，这时，只有当甲和乙都归属于本段时，答案才是正确的。
21~35.【答案】B、B、A、C、C、A、C、B、A、C、D、C、B、A、A
【解析】（1）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.interesting有趣的；B.excellent杰出的；C.different不同的；D.special特别的。句意：我真的认为我是一个很好的朋友，直到新冠疫情暴发，我意识到我做得还不够。根据上文"I always cnsidered myself a gd friend and I'm always there when my friends need me."可知，作者认为自己作为朋友是很杰出的。故选B。
（2）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.guessed猜；B.realized意识到；C.remembered记得；D.hped希望。句意：我真的认为我是一个很好的朋友，直到新冠疫情暴发，我意识到我做得还不够。根据上文"I truly believed I was a（n） friend -- until the pandemic（流行病） hit"以及"I hadn't been ding enugh."可知，作者在新冠疫情暴发之后意识到自己做得还不够。故选B。
（3）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.friends朋友；B.neighbrs邻居；C.relatives亲戚；D.patients病人。句意：我基本上把我的朋友分为几个不同的类别：那些我每天或几乎每天交谈的人，那些本地的并经常见面的人，那些我经常见面的人，还有那些我认识的人，尽管我们很少交谈，但仍然是我的密友。根据上文"I always cnsidered myself a gd friend and I'm always there when my friends need me."可知，文章作者主要讲述的是朋友，所以是作者将朋友进行分类。故选A。
（4）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.travel旅行；B.mve移动；C.meet见面；D.help帮助。句意：我基本上把我的朋友分为几个不同的类别：那些我每天或几乎每天交谈的人，那些本地的并经常见面的人，那些我经常见面的人，还有那些我认识的人，尽管我们很少交谈，但仍然是我的密友。根据下文"thse I talk t daily r almst daily,thse wh are lcal"可知，这里指作者在本地的并经常见面的朋友。故选C。
（5）C.考查短语及语境理解。A.ever since从那时起；B.nw that既然；C.even thugh即使；D.as if好像。句意：我基本上把我的朋友分为几个不同的类别：那些我每天或几乎每天交谈的人，那些本地的并经常见面的人，那些我经常见面的人，还有那些我认识的人，尽管我们很少交谈，但仍然是我的密友。根据后半句"we barely（几乎不） talk."可知，用even thugh引导让步状语从句。故选C。
（6）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.apprach方法；B.explanatin解释；C.pprtunity机会；D.expectatin期望。句意：多年来，这一直是我的方法，多年来它对我们所有人都有效，我想。根据下文"and fr years it's fr all f us,"可知，作者一直用这种方式与朋友相处。故选A。
（7）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.disappeared消失；B.develped发展；C.wrked工作；奏效；D.failed失败。句意：多年来，这一直是我的方法，多年来它对我们所有人都有效，我想。根据上文"Fr years this has been my 可知，作者认为自己的方法很奏效。故选C。
（8）B.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.shw ff 炫耀；B.catch up赶上，叙旧；C.get away离开，脱身；D.hld n抓住。句意：当我们开始因COVID-19进入封锁状态时，我的一个同类朋友给我发短信，建议我们在微信里叙叙旧。根据下文"I realized we hadn't spken in nearly a year!"可知，作者的朋友找作者叙旧。故选B。
（9）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.hit打，突然想起；B.annyed使恼怒；C.impressed影响；D.scared恐吓。句意：真正让我震惊的是，我意识到有太多的朋友在疫情期间也没有联系我。根据下文"I had t many friends wh didn't me either during the pandemic."可知，作者突然想起有太多的朋友在疫情期间也没有联系他。故选A。
（10）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.leave 离开；B.refuse拒绝；C.cntact联系；D.frgive原谅。句意：真正让我震惊的是，我意识到有太多的朋友在疫情期间也没有联系我。根据上文"glbal health crisis made me realize I shuld have been keeping in tuch with her better."提示可知，好多朋友在疫情期间也没有联系作者。故选C。
（11）D.考查短语及语境理解。A.careful abut 小心；B.afraid f害怕；C.srry fr抱歉；D.used t习惯于。句意：我们已经习惯了几天不说话，即使这次不寻常的事件也没有改变这一点。根据后半句"letting days g by withut talking"可知，作者和朋友已经习惯了几天不说话。故选D。
（12）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.spread传播；B.achieve 实现；C.change改变；D.mentin 提到。句意：我们已经习惯了几天不说话，即使这次不寻常的事件也没有改变这一点。根据后文"And that didn't sit right with me."可知，这样的情况没有改变。故选C。
（13）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.frget忘记；B.hate讨厌；C.believe相信；D.dubt 怀疑。句意：我讨厌这样一个事实，那就是我要以失去朋友为威胁才能成为更好的朋友。根据后半句"the fact that it tk the threat f lsing my friends fr me t be a better friend."可知，作者不喜欢这样的事实。故选B。
（14）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.imprtant 重要的；B.real真的；C.strange奇怪的；D.pen 打开的。句意：我的朋友对我来说是如此重要，我绝对知道我可以抽出更多的时间出现在他们的生活中。根据下文"and I abslutely knw I can carve ut mre time t be mre in their lives."可知，朋友对作者很重要。故选A。
（15）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.present存在的；B.cnfident 自信的；C.pwerful强大的；D.independent独立的。句意：我的朋友对我来说是如此重要，我绝对知道我可以抽出更多的时间出现在他们的生活中。根据上文"My friends are s t me,"可知，朋友对作者很重要，所以作者愿意抽出时间出现在他们的生活中。故选A。
文章主要讲述了作者一直认为自己是一个好朋友，当作者的朋友需要他的时候，他总是在那里。然而，在疫情期间，作者发现自己做得远远不够。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】
t study
【小题2】
f
【小题3】
recrded
【小题4】
have knwn
【小题5】
and
【小题6】
them
【小题7】
exactly
【小题8】
that/which
【小题9】
seeing
【小题10】
researchers
【解析】1. allw sb t d sth允许某人做某事，故填t study。
2. in the hpe f ding sth抱着做某事的希望，故填f。
3. 分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，the number f earthquake与recrd之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式，故填recrded。
4. 根据语境和空后的since the 1800s可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语为We，故填have knwn。
5.
句意：但我们一直无法分辨前震和大震的区别，直到后来，你回头看。difference between A and B表示“A与B之间的差别或不同”，故填and。
6.
设空处作动词srt的宾语，用宾格，故填them。
7. 设空处作状语，用副词，故填exactly。
8.
设空处引导限制性定语从句，指代先行词earthquakes，且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
9. 设空处作介词by的宾语，用动名词，故填seeing。
10. researcher为可数名词，根据语境可知，此处表示泛指，用复数，故填researchers。
37.【答案】Varieties
【解析】varius"各种各样的"，形容词，varieties f"各种各样的"，固定短语，所填词位于句首，首字母应大写。
故填：Varieties。
人们为我们解决这个问题提供了各种各样的解决方案。
对于单词填空这种题，答题时要做到：A．明确所给词的词性；B．弄清所给句子的意思；C．确定空白处所需的词性；D．正确写出所填的词。
38.【答案】has been unearthed
【解析】unearth"发掘，挖掘"，本题中根据Since 1748知道应用现在完成时，Pmpeii与earth之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，Pmpeii为第三人称，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数。
故填：has been unearthed。
从1748年起，庞贝城开始得到系统的发掘。
本题考查单词填空。首先根据句子结构和词与词之间的搭配关系判断应用所给词的何种词性进行填空，同时要考虑时态、语态、主谓一致问题，然后写出单词的适当形式。
39.【答案】pisnus
【解析】pisn"毒药"，这里应该用其形容词pisnus"有毒的"修饰后面的名词insecticides。
故填：pisnus。
在偏远地区，空气很纯净，庄稼也不施用有毒的杀虫剂。
本题考查单词填空。首先根据句子结构和词与词之间的搭配关系判断应用所给词的何种词性进行填空，然后写出单词的适当形式。
40.【答案】disappear
【解析】disappear"消失"，本题中appear是"出现"的意思，但是根据常识天气变暖和的时候雪应该是很快就会消失。因此填appear的反义词disappear。
故填：disappear。
当天气变暖时，雪很快就会消失。
本题考查单词填空。首先根据句子结构和词与词之间的搭配关系判断应用所给词的何种词性进行填空，然后写出单词的适当形式。
41.【答案】running
【解析】分析可知，此处为with复合结构，即"with+宾语+宾补"，宾语mney与动词run之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作宾补。
故填：running。
钱快用完了，我们很难推进这个计划。
对于单词填空这种题，答题时要做到：A．明确所给词的词性；B．弄清所给句子的意思；C．确定空白处所需的词性；D．正确写出所填的词。
42.【答案】infrmed
【解析】infrm"告知"，动词，keep sb infrmed f sth"及时告知某人某事"，结合语境可知，此处为其被动式。
故填：infrmed。
通过在线浏览新闻，我们可以随时了解世界上正在发生的事情。
对于单词填空这种题，答题时要做到：A．明确所给词的词性；B．弄清所给句子的意思；C．确定空白处所需的词性；D．正确写出所填的词。
43.【答案】Lcated
【解析】本题考查形容词化的过去分词做状语，首先找出句子主语it,逗号前面句子中动词lcate的逻辑主语也是it,两者一致，故用lcate的过去分词作状语。
故填：Lcated。
坐落于城西，在过去的20年，它已经扩展到一个大的农场，占地100多亩。
本题考查过去分词做状语，分词lcated的逻辑主语与句子的主语it保持一致。
44.【答案】unbearably
【解析】unbearable"难以忍受的"，形容词，分析可知，此处应用副词unbearably"无法忍受地"修饰形容词painful。
故填：unbearably。
用手测试每一种组合是难以忍受的痛苦。
对于单词填空这种题，答题时要做到：A．明确所给词的词性；B．弄清所给句子的意思；C．确定空白处所需的词性；D．正确写出所填的词。
45.【答案】belnging
【解析】分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，cuntry与belng之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。
故填：belnging。
中国是一个属于第三世界的国家。
本题考查单词填空。首先根据句子结构和词与词之间的搭配关系判断应用所给词的何种词性进行填空，然后写出单词的适当形式。
46.【答案】accessible
【解析】access"通道"，名词，分析可知，此处应用形容词accessible"可使用的"作表语。
故填：accessible。
这些文件不允许公众查阅。
对于单词填空这种题，答题时要做到：A．明确所给词的词性；B．弄清所给句子的意思；C．确定空白处所需的词性；D．正确写出所填的词。
47.【答案】When yu talk/speak f the man/are talking/speaking f the man,hnesty will spring t mind.
【解析】根据句意，本句含有时间状语从句，所陈述的内容是一般的事实，所以遵循"主将从现"的规则，从句用现在时或现在进行时，主句用一般将来时；从句部分"谈到这个人时"可以译为"When yu are talking/speaking f the man"或"When yu talk/speak f the man"，主句部分"你的脑海中闪现的是诚实"可以译为"hnesty will spring t mind"，spring t mind是固定短语，意思是"突然想起；（想法）一下子冒出来"。
故填：When yu talk/speak f the man/are talking/speaking f the man,hnesty will spring t mind.
谈到这个人时，你的脑海中闪现的是诚实。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
48.【答案】Over the past 50 years,abut 17 percent f the rainfrest has disappeared due t human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming.
【解析】根据时间状语"在过去的50年里（ver the past 50 years）"可知，本句使用现在完成时态；"由于农耕和养牛等人类活动"可译为"due t human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming"；主句部分"17% 的雨林已经消失了"可以译为"abut 17 per cent f the rainfrest has disappeared"。
故填：Over the past 50 years,abut 17 percent f the rainfrest has disappeared due t human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming.
在过去的50年里，由于农耕和养牛等人类活动，17% 的雨林已经消失了。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
49.【答案】It immediately ccurred t her that these were signs f an appraching tsunami.
【解析】根据句意可知，本句陈述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态；根据提示，句中使用固定句式"it ccurred t sb that"，表示"某人想到..."，it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语，"这些是海啸来临的征兆"可以译为" these were signs f an appraching tsunami."。
故填：It immediately ccurred t her that these were signs f an appraching tsunami.
她立刻意识到这些是海啸来临的征兆。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
50.【答案】He hurried t the ticket ffice,nly t be tld that all the tickets had been sld ut.
【解析】本句描述的是过去的情景，句中用一般过去时态；"匆匆赶到售票处"可以译为" hurry t the ticket ffice"；"结果却被告知"是意料之外的结果，可以用"nly t be tld that..."，"所有的票都卖光了"是在"被告知"之前，所以应该用过去完成时态，译为"all the tickets had been sld ut"。
故填：He hurried t the ticket ffice,nly t be tld that all the tickets had been sld ut.
他匆匆赶到售票处，结果却被告知所有的票都卖光了。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
51.【答案】My new schl is three times as large as the previus ne.
【解析】根据句意，本句陈述的是现在的情况，所以句子用一般现在时；句中含有倍数的表达，可以用固定结构：be+倍数+，之间用形容词原级；本句主语是"my new schl"，be动词用is,比较的是"大小"，所以用形容词large,"以前的学校"译为"the previus ne"。
故填：My new schl is three times as large as the previus ne.
我的新学校是以前的三倍大。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
52.【答案】【小题1】Hw t react in an earthquake
Hw t react in a disaster like an earthquake really matters.Prper reactin can help reduce damage and even save lives.（地震的日常防护的意义）
If we live in areas where earthquakes are likely t ccur,we shuld be aware where and hw t stay safe and sund in case an earthquake breaks ut.【高分句型一】D prepare supplies like water ，fd and a pwer bank in advance ，which may help us survive the disaster.Once encuntering an earthquake ，dn't panic.【高分句型二】If inside a rm,stay under strng desks r beds.When escaping frm the scene ，never take the lift；therwise we may get trapped.If utside ，try t stay ff buildings and electricity supplies and mve t a safer place as sn as pssible.（震中的自救及注意事项）
【小题2】略
【解析】高分句型一：
If we live in areas where earthquakes are likely t ccur,we shuld be aware where and hw t stay safe and sund in case an earthquake breaks ut.
翻译：如果我们生活在地震可能发生的地区，我们应该知道在哪里和如何保持安全，以防地震爆发。
分析：本句话使用一个where引导的定语从句，先行词是areas,另外，还使用了疑问词where/hw +t作宾语的结构。
高分句型二：
Once encuntering an earthquake ，dn't panic.
翻译：一旦遇到地震，不要惊慌。
分析：本句话使用nce引导的条件状语从句的省略。
考查提纲类写作。写作时要注意以下几个步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提示作用）。