2021-2022学年云南省昭通市昭阳三中高一（下）第一次月考英语试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2021-2022学年云南省昭通市昭阳三中高一（下）第一次月考英语试卷（含答案解析），共18页。
2021-2022学年云南省昭通市昭阳三中高一（下）第一次月考英语试卷

A
    Part-time Cleaning Help
    Are you looking for a vacation job? Can you clean the house and cook? Then, I need you. The work is boring, but the pay is good. I need you from 2: 00—5: 00 p.m., Monday to Saturday. Please come to the cleaning center or call Mrs. Johnson at 544-9968.
    A Fitness Camp for Overweight Kids
    Are you too fat? Can you run as fast as your classmates? Have you failed your P.E. examination? Our fitness camp can help you lose weight and get fit again. Come and join us! Please call Nathan at 475-2300.
    Next Wave Music Store
    After 10 years of teaching the piano, David Smith has made his first CD! Come and meet him this weekend. Special presents for the first 50 people.
    Time: Sat.7: 00 p.m. Call Marsha at 873-2059.
1. ______ needs a cleaner.
A. Mrs. Johnson B. Marsha and Nathan
C. Nathan D. Marsha
2. In the fitness camp, you can ______.
A. clean the house B. make a CD
C. lose weight D. meet David Smith
3. If you're the tenth to come to ______, you can get a special present.
A. the cleaning center B. Next Fashion Store
C. the fitness camp D. Next Wave Music Store
B
Animals are natural resources that people have wasted all through our history.
Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers,for food,for sport,or simply because there were in the way.Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the world forever.
Hundreds more are on the danger list today.About 170 kinds in the United States alone are considered in danger.Why should people care？Because we need animals.And because once they are gone,there will never be any more.
Animals are more than just beautiful and interesting.They are more than just a source of food.Every animal has its place in the balance of nature.Destroying one kind of animal can create many problems.For example,when farmers killed large numbers of hawks（鹰），the corn and grain they stored would be destroyed by rats and mice.Why？Because hawks eat rats and mice.With no hawks to keep down their numbers,the rats and mice multiply（繁殖） quickly.
Luckily,some people are working to help save the animals.Some groups raise money to let people know about the problem.And they try to get the governments to pass laws to protect animals in danger.
Quite a few countries have passed laws.These laws forbid the killing of any animal on the the danger list.Slowly,the number of some animals in danger is growing.
4. Why do people kill animals？ ______
A. They kill animals to raise money.
B. Animals destroy their natural resources.
C. Animals create many problems.
D. They kill animals for something they need
5. What has happened to the animals on the earth？ ______
A. Millions of kinds of animals have disappear forever.
B. Many kinds of animals have died out.
C. About 170 kinds of animals have disappear forever.
D. All kinds of animals are in danger.
6. Why are animals important to us？ ______
A. They give us a source of food. B. They are beautiful and lovely.
C. They keep the balance of nature. D. They give us a lot of pleasure.
7. What can we infer from the last paragraph？ ______
A. The number of some animals in danger will increase.
B. Animals in danger will not be killed any more.
C. Every person will know the importance of protecting wild animals.
D. Animals in danger will be kept away from people.
C
More than 100 scientists from 25 countries have traveled to faraway places to collect wild crop seeds（种子） in an effort to help battle climate change.
The scientists,who have been compared to the heroes of the "Indiana Jones" movies,traveled on foot,four-wheeled vehicles（交通工具），boats,horses and even elephants to reach faraway areas.They faced extreme heat,dust,and danger from wild animals.At last,they collected 4，644 seeds of 371 wild relatives of 28 world crops,many of which are said to be endangered.
The Crop Trust,an organization that works to save different kinds of crops,is directing the project.The group is working in partnership with Britain's Royal Botanic Gardens and Millennium Seed Bank.Additional financial support comes from Norway.The project is believed to be the largest organized international effort yet to collect and protect crops' wild relatives.Hannes Dempewolf is a scientist and the head at the Crop Trust.He said, "What these seed collectors went through in the field scenes from an Indiana Jones movie."
Some crops are threatened because of destruction of forests,climate change and expanded cities.The newly-found wild seeds have developed so plants can grow in extreme temperatures,poor soils,and even in low rainfall areas.
A United Nations report says that food production is at risk because of a shortage of rain and other weather extremes connected to climate change.The U.N.Food and Agriculture Organization says that the number of plant species is quickly decreasing and people are depending on fewer species for food.Those wild seeds could be important in feeding a growing human population in some areas and offer a largely unused source of diversity（多样性） to crops.
8. What is the meaning of the scientists collecting wild seeds？ ______
A. Bringing more plant species to the world.
B. Helping farmers improve their farming skills.
C. Knowing about the world's farming practices.
D. Helping battle climate change.
9. What does the second paragraph show？ ______
A. Collecting seeds is not an easy job.
B. The scientists' story is made into a movie.
C. The wild seeds are in danger of extinction.
D. The scientists can choose from many vehicles.
10. What does the underlined word "resembles" in the third paragraph mean？ ______
A. Depends on. B. Looks like. C. Turns out. D. Refers to.
11. What is the advantage of the newly-found wild seeds？ ______
A. They can increase green areas.
B. They can provide more nutrients.
C. They can survive bad conditions.
D. They can improve existent crop seeds.
D
A study from the Netherlands found that people,who took a cold shower,were less likely to ask for leave from work because of sickness than those who took a warm shower.
Over 3，000 people was divided into four groups.The first group were asked to have a warm shower every day.And the second group were asked to end it with 30 seconds of cold water,the third with 60 seconds of cold water,the fourth with 90 seconds of cold water.After a three-month follow-up period,they found that the groups that had cold shower had a 29 percent drop of self-reported sick leave from work.
The reason why cold water might stop people from getting ill is not clear,but some research suggests it may have something to do with improving the immune （免疫的） system.A study from Czechia showed that when athletic young men were asked to take cold shower three times a week for six weeks,it gave a slight improvement to their immune system.However,more studies are needed to prove these findings.
Cold water has also been shown to improve the movement of our blood.When we are taking a cold shower,there is less blood flow to the skin.When the cold water stops,the body has to warm itself up.And then there is an increase in blood flow to the surface of the skin,improving the movement of our blood.
There is also some evidence that a cold shower can help you lose weight.A study found that cold water at 14℃ increased metabolism （新陈代谢） by 350 percent.Metabolism is the process by which your body changes what you eat and drink into energy,so a higher metabolism nearly equals more energy burned.
A cold shower may also help you feel less stressed and get you less likely to feel down.Because of the high density （密度） of cold receptors in the skin,a cold shower sends a large amount of electrical waves from the the brain,which may help people get out of stress and stay positive.While cold shower may do good to our health,we should still be careful to try it.
12. How did the researchers get the conclusion of the study？ ______
A. By watching videos. B. By surveying volunteers.
C. By studying documents. D. By making comparison.
13. What effect does cold shower have on us？ ______
A. Cold showers stop us from getting stressed and unhappy.
B. Taking cold shower 3 times a week can greatly improve our immune system.
C. Cold showers help us increase the movement of our blood.
D. Cold showers decide if the food we eat can turn into energy.
14. Who may need cold showers according to the text？ ______
A. A scientist who studies metabolism.
B. A person who always feels down.
C. A student who wants to become cleverer.
D. A lady who plans to put on her weight.
15. What might be the most suitable title for the text？ ______
A. Cold Showers Do Harm To Our Health.
B. Cold Showers Can Treat Diseases.
C. Cold Showers Have Health Benefits.
D. Cold Showers Help Us Lose Weight.
Want to add a simple movement to your daily life？Walking may be your best choice. (1) .
Walking is good for your heart
Walking is considered as cardio（有氧的）exercise,no matter the speed at which you take it.Studies show that walking can reduce the risk of heart disease and lower your resting heart rate and blood pressure. (2) .You can go for a 30-minute walk once a day or break it up into three 10-minute parts.
(3)
What benefits physical health often benefits mental health-the same is true for walking.Just five minutes of walking can lower anxiety.If you have any kind of green space nearby,try to take advantage of it.One study showed that people who went on a 90-minute nature walk reported fewer bad feelings.
Walking can improve your sleep
(4) .Getting outside in the day for a walk can also help you stay awake in the morning and get sleepier toward the night.If a nighttime walk is your preference,experts suggest you finish it three hours before bedtime.
Walking can help with fat loss
Walking is a type of cardio workout that is good for fat loss and can help you achieve or keep a healthy weight.It should be done regularly and for long periods of time. (5) .A brisk（轻快的）pace refers to a 17-to 15-minute mile,or 50%to 70%of your maximum heart rate.
A.Walking can help reduce stress
B.That can help you sleep easily during the day
C.Here are some of the benefits walking offers you
D.Walking in the day can help you get a better night's rest
E.Good walking can also keep your head up and looking ahead
F.Experts suggest walking 30 minutes a day,five to seven days a week
G.Walking at least 45 minutes a day at a brisk pace will see the most benefits
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
Every year about 40 000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro,the highest mountain in Africa.They(21)with them lots of waste.The (22) might damage the beauty of the place.The glaciers（冰川）are disappearing,changing the (23)of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories,I'm(24)about the place other destinations are described as "purer" natural experiences.
However,I soon (25)that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of(26)among tons of rubbish.I find a (27)mountain,with toilets at camps and along the paths.The environmental challenges are (28)but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be(29).
The best of a Kilimanjaro(30)，in my opinion,isn't reaching the top.Mountains are(31)as spiritual places by many cultures.This(32)is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as(33)go through five ecosystems（生态系统）in the space of a few kilometers,At the base is a rainforest.It ends abruptly at 3 000 meters,(34)lands of low growing plants.Further up,the weather(35)-low clouds envelope the mountainsides,which are covered with thick grass.I (36)twelve shades of green from where l stand.Above 4 000 meters is the highland (37)：gravel（砾石），stones and rocks. (38)you climb into an arctic-like zone with (39)snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.
Does Kilimanjaro (40)its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true.
21.  A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring
22.  A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters
23.  A. position B. age C. face D. name
24.  A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy
25.  A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate
26.  A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones
27.  A. remote B. quiet C. tall D. clean
28.  A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary
29.  A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away
30.  A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight
31.  A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded
32.  A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose
33.  A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials
34.  A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to
35.  A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits
36.  A. match B. imagine C. count D. add
37.  A. village B. desert C. road D. lake
38.  A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally
39.  A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial
40.  A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire
41. Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year Chinese New Year is a (1) （celebrate） marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers (2) （carry） special significance.They represent the earth (3) （come） back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country：
Oranges：Orange trees are more (4) decoration；they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.They make great gifts and you see them many times (5) （decorate） with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo：Chinese love their "Lucky Bamboo" plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices. (6) （certain） during the holiday period,this plant is a must.Bamboo plants are associated (7) health, abundance and a happy home.They are easy (8) （ care） for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms （梅花）：The (9) （ beauty） long branches covered with pink-colored buds （蓓蕾） make fantastic decorations.The plum trees are (10) first to flower even as the snow is melting （融化）．They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。
Thank you for your letter,what really made me happy.I'm glad to know that you've come China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown.I'm surely,you'll have a good time.I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old,for I have long been out of practice.Luckily,I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations.Then I can spare some time to learn it again,such that we can practice together on every day.Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China.See you sooner.
43. 假定你是李华．最近China Daily就"如何看待中国传统文化"面向社会征稿．请你用英语给编辑写一封信，谈谈你自己的想法．要点如下：
表明自己的立场（传统文化应该得到保护和传承）；
给出你的理由；
呼吁社会共同参与．
注意：
词数100左右；
可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．
参考词汇： inherit（传承，继承）
Dear editor，
I'm writing to you to talk about my opinions about traditional Chinese culture．
Yours，
Li Hua
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、C、D
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇应用文，内容为几则广告。
1. 根据Part-time Cleaning Help部分Please come to the cleaning center or call Mrs. Johnson at 544-9968.可知，Mrs. Johnson需要清洁员。故选A。
2. 根据第二段A Fitness Camp for Overweight Kids中的Our fitness camp can help you lose weight and get fit again.可知，健身中心可以帮助减肥。故选C。
3. 根据Next Wave Music Store中Special presents for the first 50 people.可知，如果你是第十个到达Next Wave Music Store的，即前50名内到达的宾客会有特殊的礼物。故选D。

4~7.【答案】D、B、C、A
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第二段Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers,for food,for sport,or simply because there were in the way.人们杀动物是为了它们的皮毛，或者为了吃它们的肉，或者是为了狩猎带来的那种成就感，或者仅仅是因为它们挡路。可知，人类为了自己需要的东西杀死动物，故选D。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据第二段Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the world forever.成千上万种动物从世界上消失了。可知，很多种动物都灭绝了，故选B。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据第四段Every animal has its place in the balance of nature.Destroying one kind of animal can create many problems.每种动物在自然平衡中都有自己的位置，毁灭一种动物会带来很多问题。可知，动物对我们很重要是因为它们可以保持生态平衡，故选C。
（4）A.推理判断题。根据最后一段Quite a few countries have passed laws.These laws forbid the killing of any animal on the the danger list.Slowly,the number of some animals in danger is growing.很多国家都通过了法律。这些法律禁止杀害名单上濒临灭绝的任何动物。慢慢地，一些濒临灭绝动物的数量在增加。可知，很多国家都通过法律来保护濒临灭绝的动物。因此，在法律保护下，一些濒临灭绝动物的数量将会增加，故选A。
本文是一篇健康环保类阅读，主要介绍了由于人类的猎杀，很多动物已经灭绝或是很多动物正面临灭绝，动物对我们人类来说是很重要的，因为它们可以保持生态平衡，所以我们人类应该保护动物，一些国家已经采取法律措施来保护濒临灭绝的动物。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

8~11.【答案】D、A、B、C
【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据文章第一句More than 100 scientists from 25 countries have traveled to faraway places to collect wild crop seeds（种子） in an effort to help battle climate change.（来自25个国家的100多名科学家前往遥远的地方收集野生作物种子，以帮助对抗气候变化。）由此可知，科学家们收集植物种子的目的是应对气候变化。故选D。
（2）A.推理判断题。根据第二段第一和第二句The scientists,who have been compared to the heroes of the "Indiana Jones" movies, …They faced extreme heat,dust,and danger from wild animals.（科学家们被比作电影《夺宝奇兵》中的英雄人物，他们步行、四轮车辆、船只、马甚至大象前往遥远的地区。他们面临着酷热、灰尘和野生动物的危险。）由此可知，第二段说明了收集种子不是一件容易的工作。故选A。
（3）B.词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句The scientists,who have been compared to the heroes of the "Indiana Jones" movies,traveled on foot,four-wheeled vehicles（交通工具），boats,horses and even elephants to reach faraway areas.（科学家们被比作电影《夺宝奇兵》中的英雄人物，他们步行、四轮车辆、船只、马甚至大象前往遥远的地区。）再结合划线单词所在句What these seed collectors went through in the field        scenes from an Indiana Jones movie.可知，人们把这些种子收集者经历的一切和《夺宝奇兵》电影中的场景作比较，也就是说两者有相似之处，所以划线单词"resembles"表示"看起来像"。A.Depends on依赖；B.Looks like看起来像；C.Turns out结果是；D.Refers to参考。故选B。
（4）C.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The newly-found wild seeds have developed so plants can grow in extreme temperatures,poor soils,and even in low rainfall areas.（新发现的野生种子已经发育成熟，因此植物可以在极端温度、贫瘠土壤，甚至在低降雨量地区生长。）由此可知，新发现种子的优点是可以在极端气候条件下存活。故选C。
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了来自25个国家的100多名科学家前往遥远的地方收集野生作物种子，以帮助对抗气候变化，并介绍了这么做的其它好处。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12~15.【答案】D、C、B、C
【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据第二段"Over 3，000 people was divided into four groups.The first group were asked to have a warm shower every day.And the second group were asked to end it with 30 seconds of cold water,the third with 60 seconds of cold water,the fourth with 90 seconds of cold water.After a three-month follow-up period,they found that the groups that had cold shower had a 29 percent drop of self-reported sick leave from work."（3000多人被分为四组。第一组被要求每天洗个热水澡。第二组被要求用30秒的冷水结束沐浴，第三组用60秒的冷水结束沐浴，第四组用90秒的冷水结束沐浴。在3个月的跟踪之后，他们发现洗冷水澡的那一群人因为生病请假的比例下降了29%。）可知，他们是通过对比的方式得到的结果。故选D。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据第四段"Cold water has also been shown to improve the movement of our blood."（冷水也已经被显示可以提升我们血液的流动。）可知，洗冷水澡可以帮助我们提升血液的流动。故选C。
（3）B.细节理解题。根据最后一段"A cold shower may also help you feel less stressed and get you less likely to feel down."（冷水澡还可以帮助你感觉不那么有压力并且让你更少可能的感到情绪沮丧。）可知，沮丧的人需要洗冷水澡。故选B。
（4）C.标题判断题。根据第一段"A study from the Netherlands found that people,who took a cold shower,were less likely to ask for leave from work because of sickness than those who took a warm shower."（荷兰的一项研究表明，洗冷水澡的人比洗热水澡的人更不容易因为感冒而请假。）和下文关于研究过程和结果的介绍可知，本文主要讲述洗冷水澡对人们的身体健康有好处。Cold Showers Have Health Benefits    （冷水澡有益健康）是最好的标题。故选C。
本文是说明文。文章主要讲述荷兰的一项研究表明，洗冷水澡的人比洗热水澡的人更不容易因为感冒而请假，另外还列举了其它洗冷水澡对身体的好处。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

16~20.【答案】C、F、A、D、G
【解析】（1）C.推理判断题。由前文"Want to add a simple movement to your daily life？Walking may be your best choice. （想在日常生活中加入一个简单的动作吗？步行可能是你最好的选择。）"可知，这篇文章主要讲步行，且由下文小标题可知，后文主要讲步行的一些益处。所以C项Here are some of the benefits walking offers you （以下是步行给你带来的一些好处。）符合语境，有承上启下作用。故选C项。
（2）F.推理判断题。由后文"You can go for a 30-minute walk once a day or break it up into three 10-minute parts. （你可以每天散步一次，每次30分钟，也可以分成三个10分钟的部分。）"可知，这里主要在讲一天30分钟步行走的方式。而F项Experts suggest walking 30 minutes a day,five to seven days a week （专家建议每天步行30分钟，每周步行5到7天。）符合语境，其中"30 minutes a day"和后文30分钟应该怎样完成相对应。故选F项。
（3）A.段落大意题。由下文"What benefits physical health often benefits mental health-the same is true for walking.Just five minutes of walking can lower anxiety.If you have any kind of green space nearby,try to take advantage of it.One study showed that people who went on a 90-minute nature walk reported fewer bad feelings. （有益于身体健康的东西往往有益于精神健康，步行也是如此。只要走五分钟就能减轻焦虑。如果你附近有任何类型的绿地，尽量利用它。一项研究表明，进行90分钟自然散步的人报告的不良情绪较少。）"可知，这一段主要讲步行对精神方面的益处，步行能减少压力。而A项Walking can help reduce stress （散步有助于减轻压力。）符合语境。故选A项。
（4）D.推理判断题。由小标题"Walking can improve your sleep （步行可以改善你的睡眠。）"以及后文"Getting outside in the day for a walk can also help you stay awake in the morning and get sleepier toward the night. （白天出去散步也可以帮助你早上保持清醒，晚上更容易入睡。）"可知，文章这里主要讲步行有助于睡眠。而D项Walking in the day can help you get a better night's rest （白天散步可以帮助你获得更好的夜间休息。）符合语境，其中"a better night's rest"与后文对应。故选D项。
（5）G.推理判断题。由后文"A brisk pace refers to a 17-to 15-minute mile,or 50%to 70%of your maximum heart rate. （轻快的配速指的是用17到15分钟走一英里，或你最大心率的50%到70%。）"可知，这里主要在解释A brisk pace。而G项Walking at least 45 minutes a day at a brisk pace will see the most benefits （以快节奏每天至少步行45分钟将看到最大的好处。）符合语境。其中"a brisk pace"与后文对应。故选G项。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要向读者介绍了一些步行的益处。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。

21~40.【答案】D、C、C、B、A、C、D、C、A、B、D、A、B、D、A、C、B、D、A、B
【解析】（1）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.keep保持；B.mix混合；C.connect连接；D.bring带来。句意：他们会带来很多的垃圾。根据下文" lots of waste"  可知，这里指登山者们在山上留下很多废品、垃圾，破坏了自然环境，即他们带来了垃圾。故选D。
（2）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.stories故事；B.buildings建筑；C.crowds人群；D.reporters记者。句意：人群可能会损害这个地方的美好。这里与前文"Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro （乞力马扎罗山），the highest mountain in Africa."中的40，000 people对应，指大量前来登山的人。故选C。
（3）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.position位置；B.age年龄；C.face外貌，表面；D.name名字。句意：冰川正在消失，改变着乞力马扎罗山的地貌。冰川是乞力马扎罗山的地貌之一，所以冰山融化会改变它的地貌。故选C。
（4）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.silent沉默的；B.skeptical怀疑的；C.serious严肃的；D.crazy疯狂的。句意：听了这些故事，我对这个地方持怀疑态度----其他目的地被描述为"更纯净的"自然体验。从破折号后的句意可知，其他地方似乎要比乞力马扎罗山还要纯净，上文"The glaciers （冰） are disappearing,changing the（3）of Kilimanjaro."提到冰川正在消失，改变乞力马扎罗的面貌，所以这一切让作者对这个地方能给人纯净的自然体验产生怀疑，下文也描述作者亲自来到这个地方，去解开自己的怀疑。故选B。
（5）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.discover发现；B.argue 争辩；C.decide决定；D.advocate提倡。句意：然而，我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于在成堆的垃圾中露营地的报道以来，情况已经发生了很大的变化。根据下文"much has changed"  可知，作者亲眼目睹了环境的改造情况，也就是发现了改变。故选A。
（6）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.equipment器材，设备；B.grass草地；C.camps营地；D.stones石头。句意：然而，我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于在成堆的垃圾中露营地的报道以来，情况已经发生了很大的变化。根据常理推测，一定是在人们登山途中所扎营地的周围垃圾最多，这里描述的垃圾堆积的情况也应该是出现在营地附近。下文的"at camps" 也是暗示。故选C。
（7）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.remote遥远的；B.quiet安静的；C.tall高的；D.clean干净的。句意：我发现了一座干净的山，营地和沿途都有厕所。根据上文"However,I soon（5）that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of（6）among tons of rubbish."提到这里有了很大的改变以及空后的"with toilets at camps and along the paths"       可知，营地和路旁都有厕所，可见山峰是比较干净的。故选D。
（8）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.new崭新的；B.special 特别的；C.significant重大的，显著的；D.necessary必要的。句意：环境方面的挑战很严峻，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局的努力似乎颇有成效。根据前文可知，很多的登山者来到乞力马扎罗山以及冰川可能会消失，这对于环境来说是一个巨大的挑战。故选C。
（9）A.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.paying off取得成功；B.spreading out传播，扩展；C.blowing up爆炸；D.fading away消逝。句意：环境方面的挑战很严峻，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局的努力似乎颇有成效。由"but"可知，前后表示转折关系，说明坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。故选A。
（10）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.atmosphere气氛；B.experience经历；C.experiment实验；D.sight景象。句意：乞力马扎罗山上最好的经历，在我看来并非登顶。句中表语给出的对象是reaching the top,显然主语应是一个动作、一次体验。故选B。
（11）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.studied研究；B.observed观察；C.explored探索；D.regarded将....认为。句意：山脉在很多文化中被视为有着精神寄托的地方。结合常识和后文的"as spiritual places by many cultures."可知，在很多文化中山脉都被看作是有精神寄托的地方。be regarded as表示"被视为，被当作"。故选D。
（12）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.view景色；B.quality质量；C.reason原因；D.purpose目的。句意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色差异尤为明显。有五个生态系统，所以景色也是明显的不同。故选A。
（13）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.scientists科学家；B.climbers登山者；C.locals当地人；D.officials官员。句意：这种情况在乞力马扎罗山特别明显，因为登山者们在几千米的路上要经过五个生态系统。根据上文"Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro （乞力马扎罗山），the highest mountain in Africa."提到很多人都试图攀登乞力马扎罗山，所以此处应该表示"登山者"，故选B。
（14）D.考查动词短语及语境理解。A holding on to坚持；B.going back to返回；C.living up to不辜负；D.giving way to被....取代。句意：3000米时雨林突然消失了，被低矮的植物取代。这里在描述生态系统的迭代变化，根据句意，3000米以上环境中，取而代之的主要是低矮植物。故选D。
（15）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.changes改变；B.clears澄澈；C.improves改善；D.permits允许。句意：再往上走，天气就变了----低云笼罩着山腰，上面长满了厚厚的草。破折号后具体说明了天气的变化情况，依然在描述自然环境的迭代变化。故选A。
（16）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.match匹配；B.imagine想象；C.count计数；D.add增加。句意：我从我站的地方数了十二种绿色。根据空后的"twelve shades of green"推知，作者数了十二种绿色。故选C。
（17）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.village村庄；B.desert沙漠，荒地；C.road马路；D.lake湖。句意：海拔4000米以上是高山寒漠：砾石、石头和岩石。根据后文"grave,stones and rocks"可知，拔4000米以上是高山寒漠。故选B。
（18）D.考查副词及语境理解。A.Obviously显然；B.Easily容易地；C.Consequently结果；D.Finally最终。句意：最后，你爬到一个类似北极的地带，那里有永久性的积雪和可能很快消失的冰川。上文"This（12）is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as（13）go through five ecosystems in the space of a few kilometrs."提到要经历五种生态系统，此空之前已经介绍了山下的雨林、3000米处的低矮植物、再往上的云以及厚厚的草和4000米以上的高原沙漠四种不同生态系统，所以这里说第五个也就是最后一个，所以此处表示最后爬到了一个像北极圈一样的区域。故选D。
（19）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.permanent永久的；B.little小的；C.fresh新鲜的；D.arificial人工的。句意：最后，你爬进了一个类似北极的地带，那里有着永久性的积雪和可能很快消失的冰川。由上文"arctic-like zone" 可知，这是一个类似北极的地带，所以有永久性的积雪。故选A。
（20）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.enjoy欣赏；B.deserve值得；C.save拯救；D.acquire获得。句意：乞幼马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山，挤满了成群的游客，破坏了宁静的气氛，它值得这样的名声吗？这里作者在质疑乞力马扎罗山是不是应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰，以此在对后面的回答做好铺垫。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者听说乞力马扎罗山被众多的游客破坏得面目全非了，对此将信将疑，于是亲自登山体验，却看到了全然相反的景象。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。

41.【答案】【小题1】celebration
【小题2】carries
【小题3】coming
【小题4】than
【小题5】decorated
【小题6】Certainly
【小题7】with
【小题8】to care
【小题9】beautiful
【小题10】the
【解析】（1）celebration.考查名词．句意：中国的新年庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始．空格前有不定冠词a修饰，应用所给词对应的名词celebration"庆祝、庆祝活动"，故填celebration.
（2）carries.考查时态及主谓一致．句意：这就是为什么用植物、水果和花卉装饰具有特殊的意义．本文整体时态为现在时，why引导的表语从句中，动名词短语decorating with plants, fruits and flowers作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填carries.
（3）coming.考查动名词．句意：它们象征着大地恢复生机，以及对新的开始的最美好祝愿．动词represent的含义是"代表、象征"，后面接动词的ing形式作宾语，此处the earth与coming构成动名词的复合结构作动词represent的宾语，故填coming.
（4）than.考查固定短语．句意：橘子树不仅仅是装饰，它们是好运和财富的象征．根据空格后名词decoration可知，此处表达"不仅仅"之意，应用短语more than,故填than.
（5）decorated.考查过去分词．句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们用红包和祝福语装饰．动词see后面接复合宾语，其宾语them指代Orange trees,与动词decorate之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语，故填decorated.
（6）Certainly.考查副词．句意：当然在节日期间，这种植物是必不可少的．此处作状语修饰介词短语during the holiday period,应用副词certainly,因置于句首，首字母需大写，故填Certainly.
（7）with.考查介词．句意：竹子与健康、富足和幸福的家联系在一起．be associated with"和……联系在一起"，固定搭配，故填with.
（8）to care.考查不定式．句意：它们很容易照料，也很容易做成礼物．形容词后面通常跟动词不定式作状语，故填to care.
（9）beautiful.考查形容词．句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，这是一种奇妙的装饰．空格处单词作定语修饰名词branches,应用形容词beautiful"美丽的"，故填beautiful.
（10）the.考查定冠词．句意：梅花树是雪融化时第一个开花的树．序数词前需加定冠词the,故填the.
本文是一篇说明文．主要介绍了几种用于新年装饰的具有美好寓意的植物．
语法填空题是考查学生的语言运用能力．解题时，要在理解文章的基础上，灵活运用语法知识，如词性，时态，名词单复数，连接词，代词，冠词等判断空白处应填写的内容．答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境．

42.【答案】Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy.I'm glad to know that you've come∧ China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown.I'm  surely，you'll have a good time.I  start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, for I have long been out of practice.Luckily,I will go home in two weeks for summer  vacations.Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on every day.Best of luck with  yours learning kung fu in China.See you  sooner.
 【详解】
（1）what改为which.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：谢谢你的来信，你的信真正让我开心。分析句子，逗号后的从句为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词your letter,关系词在从句中作主语，指物，what不能引导非限制性定语从句。故将what改为which。
（2）come后加to.考查固定搭配。句意：我很高兴知道你来中国在我家乡的一所学校学习功夫。分析句子，此处come为不及物动词，后接宾语是需加相应介词。come to 译为"来到"，固定短语。故在come后加to。
 （3）surely改为sure.考查形容词。句意：我相信你会玩得很开心的。分析句子，此处be动词am后面需用形容词作表语。故将surely改为sure。
（4）start改为started.考查时态。句意：事实上，我七岁时就开始学功夫了。分析句子，此处动词start讲述的是7岁的时候，动词应该用过去时。故将start改为started。
（5）for改为but / yet.考查连词。句意：但我早就不练习了。分析句子，此处前句提到"我7岁开始学功夫"，后句提到"很久没有练习了"。此处前后应是转折关系。故将for改为but / yet。
（6）vacations改为vacation.考查不可数名词。句意：幸运的是，两周后我就要回家过暑假。分析句子，vacation译为"假期"是个不可数名词，后面不可加s表示复数。Summer vacation 译为"暑期"是固定搭配。故将vacations改为vacation。
（7）such改为so.考查副词。句意：然后我就可以抽出时间重新学习它，这样我们就可以每天一起练习。分析句子，此处应表示"以便；所以"，需用so that,such that搭配错误。故将such改为so。
 （8）去掉on.考查介词。句意：我们就可以每天一起练习。介词on后接的是具体时间。every day 译为"每一天"，前不能用有任何介词修饰。故去掉on。
（9）yours改为your / you.考查代词。句意：祝你在中国学习功夫好运。with带逻辑主语和v-ing的结构。v-ing前面的逻辑主语使用形容词性物主代词或者宾格，而不能使用名词性物主代词。故将yours改为your/you。
 （10）sooner改为soon.考查固定短语。句意：希望尽快见到你。See you soon 译为"希望尽快见到你"，是固定短语。此处不需用比较级。故将sooner改为soon。
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者给他的朋友回信。很高兴听说他的朋友在学功夫，也很期待能和他一起学习中国功夫。
短文改错考查涉及面广，但却有所侧重。考查点测试频率最高的是动词，涉及动词考查的有时态、语态、非谓语动词形式、情态动词和动词的用法等。此外，还考查名词、介词、代词、冠词、形容词、副词、连词等，还涉及到句型结构、行文逻辑、固定搭配等。

43.【答案】Dear editor，
 I'm writing to you to talk about my opinions about traditional Chinese culture． I think it's necessary for us to protect and inherit it． Here are some reasons．（表明自己的立场）
 Firstly， as one of the ancient civilizations in the world， the traditional Chinese culture is the foundation of the development of our country， and it can provide spiritual motivation for Chinese economy． Secondly， it includes many inspiring and shocking events， through which we can learn some useful things to make our country develop more quickly．【高分句型一】 Last but not least， it is an important part of Chinese history， and inheriting it may make us stronger and benefit our growth．【高分句型二】（给出自己的理由）
I hope Chinese government and citizens join in the campaign of protecting and inheriting traditional Chinese culture． We should make contributions and efforts to carry it forward．（呼吁社会共同参与）
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型
1．Secondly， it includes many inspiring and shocking events， through which we can learn some useful things to make our country develop more quickly．
代指先行词many inspiring and shocking events， through which引导非限制性定语从句 we can learn some useful things to make our country develop more quickly．
其次，它包括许多令人鼓舞和震惊的事件，通过这些事件我们可以学到一些有用的东西，使我国更快地发展．
2．Last but not least， it is an important part of Chinese history， and inheriting it may make us stronger and benefit our growth
固定短语Last but not least表示"最后但并非最不重要"；动名词短语inheriting it做句子 may make us stronger and benefit our growth的主语．
最后但并非最不重要，它是中国历史的重要组成部分，继承它可以使我们更强大，有利于我们的成长．
这是一篇提纲作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法．需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题．尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次．同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少．