2021-2022学年四川省乐山市峨眉文旅综合高中学校高一（下）月考英语试卷（1A）（含答案解析）

这是一份2021-2022学年四川省乐山市峨眉文旅综合高中学校高一（下）月考英语试卷（1A）（含答案解析），共17页。
2021-2022学年四川省乐山市峨眉文旅综合高中学校高一（下）月考英语试卷（1A）

A
Eating different healthy foods gives you energy to do stuff,helps you grow the way you should,and can even keep you from getting sick.However,if you choose the wrong kind of food,you might run out of energy before the day is over.
Most kids have the choice of packing lunch or buying one at school.The good news is that a kid can get a healthy lunch by doing either one.But it's not guaranteed（保证）.Chances are some meals and foods served in the school cafeteria（自助食堂）are healthier than others.When you buy your lunch,you'd better give the cafeteria menu a closer look.Read the cafeteria menu the night before.Knowing what's for lunch beforehand will let you know if you want to eat it!
A packed lunch isn't always healthier than one you buy at school.If you pack chocolate cake and potato chips,that's not a nutritious（有营养的）meal!But a packed lunch,if you do it right,does have a clear advantage.When you pack your lunch,you can be sure it includes your favourite healthy foods.It is not a one-size-fits-all lunch.It's a lunch just for you.If your favourite sandwich is peanut butter and banana,just make it and pack it—then you can eat it for lunch.Or maybe you love olives.Go ahead and pack them!
If you want to pack your lunch,you'll need some help from your parents.Talk to them about what you like to eat in your lunch so they can buy those foods.Parents might offer to pack your lunch for you.This is nice of them,but you may want to watch how they do it and ask if you can start making your lunches yourself.It's a way to show that you're growing up.
1. The first paragraph is mainly about ______ .
A. how to avoid getting sick
B. how to choose healthy foods
C. the importance of healthy foods
D. the nutritional value of healthy foods
2. According to the text,packed lunches ______ .
A. are more popular with kids
B. should be your favourite food
C. should be made in the right way
D. are certainly healthier than school lunches
3. In the last paragraph,the author advises readers to ______ .
A. have lunch at home B. buy their favourite foods
C. take their lunches to school D. pack their lunches by themselves
4. The text is written for ______ .
A. teachers B. parents C. children D. cooks
B
Food picked up just a few seconds after being dropped is less likely to contain bacteria than if it is left for longer periods of time,according to the findings of research carried out at Aston University's School of Life and Health Sciences.The findings suggest there may be some scientific basis to the "5-second rule"—the belief about it being fine to eat food that has only had contact with the floor for five seconds or less.Although people have long followed the 5-second rule,until now it is unclear whether it actually helps.
The study,undertaken by final year Biology students and led by Anthony Hilton,Professor of Microbiology at Aston University,monitored the transfer of the common bacteria from a variety of indoor flooring types（carpet,cement floor etc.）to toast,pasta,a biscuit and a sticky sweet when contact was made from 3 to 30 seconds.The results showed that：Time is a significant factor in the transfer of bacteria from a floor surface to a piece of food；and the type of flooring the food has been dropped on has an effect,with bacteria least likely to transfer from carpeted surfaces and most likely to transfer from cement flooring surfaces to moist（湿的） foods making contact for more than five seconds.Professor Hilton said："Consuming food dropped on the floor still carries an infection risk as it very much depends on which bacteria are present on the floor at the time."
The Aston team also carried out a survey of the number of people who employ the 5-second rule.The survey showed that：87% of people surveyed said they would eat food dropped on the floor,or already have done so.55% of those who would eat or have eaten food dropped on the floor are women.81% of the women who would eat food from the floor would follow the 5-second rule.Professor Hilton added,"Our study showed that a surprisingly large majority of people are happy to consume dropped food,with women the most likely to do so.But they are also more likely to follow the 5-second rule."
5. According to the passage,which of the following is true？ ______
A. A toast dropped on the carpet is easier to be polluted than that dropped on the cement floor.
B. A sticky chocolate dropped on the carpet is easier to be polluted than that dropped on the cement floor within 5 seconds.
C. The food dropped on the carpet shares the same potential of being polluted with the food dropped on the cement floor.
D. The food dropped on the cement floor is not as safe as food dropped on the carpet within 30 seconds.
6. Eating food dropped on the floor still carries an infection risk because it relies on ______ at that time.
A. the type of bacteria B. the carpet
C. the cement floor D. the surface of table
7. The passage is developed probably by ______ .
A. time B. space C. contrast D. example
8. What is the main idea of this passage？ ______
A. The food which is dropped on the floor can be eaten safely.
B. The bacteria have no negative effect on the safety of food.
C. A research on the safety of food dropped on the floor is undertaken.
D. People surveyed in the research are willing to accept the idea.
C
    There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise. Some people believe that they can't help putting on weight as they get older, while others hold that if they stop exercising, their muscles will turn into fat. Here are some more myths:
    I'll never lose weight—I come from a fat family
    Wrong! While we can't change the body type we are born with, we can't blame our genes for making us fat. There's plenty of evidence that fatness runs in families, and the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercising too little.
    I am fat because I burn calories slowly
    Wrong! Fatness is not caused by a slow metabolism(新陈代谢). In fact, although fat people consume more energy than slim people, they also fail to realize how much they eat! Keeping a diary can help you work out your daily food intake more accurately.
    Exercise is boring
    Wrong! Anything will become boring if you do it repetitively. The key is to develop a balanced and varied program that's fun as well as progressive. If you enjoy a Sunday walk, take a different route. If you do yoga, try a tai chi class. If you like swimming, set yourself a distance or time challenge.
    No pain, no gain
    Wrong! Exercise is not meant to hurt. Indeed, pain is your body telling you something's wrong, and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury. You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly, but this is your body adapting to the positive changes in your lifestyle and the aches should disappear relatively quickly. If they don't, rest and seek medical advice.
9. What does the author think about being fat?
A. It is the family genes that make people fat.
B. People are fat because they consume too little energy.
C. A diary of exercise can prevent people from becoming fat.
D. It is the consequence of people's unbalanced lifestyle.
10. According to the author, how can we make exercise more interesting?
A. By taking varied exercise. B. By choosing simple exercise.
C. By doing regular exercise. D. By sticking to outdoor exercise.
11. What is the author's opinion about "No pain, no gain" in exercising?
A. Keeping fit is essentially a painful experience.
B. Exercise should be stopped if continuous pain is felt.
C. Pain in exercise is a precondition for reaching your goal.
D. Getting used to pain leads to positive changes in your body.
12. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To declare the importance of keeping fit.
B. To clarify some misconceptions about fatness and exercise.
C. To confirm what has long been believed about keeping fit.
D. To explain some medical facts about being fat and doing exercise.
D
    Many facts suggest that children are overweight and the situation is getting worse, according to the doctors. I feel there are a number of reasons for this.
    Some people blame the fact that we are surrounded（包围）by shops selling unhealthy, fatty foods, such as fried chicken and ice cream, at low prices. This has turned out a whole generation of grown-ups who seldom cook a meal for themselves. If there were fewer of these restaurants, then probably children would buy less take-away food.
    There is another argument that blames parents for allowing their children to become overweight. I agree with this, because good eating habits begin early in life, long before children start to visit fast food shops. If children are given fried chicken and chocolate rather than healthy food, or are always allowed to choose what they eat, they will go for sweet and salty foods every time, and this will carry on throughout their lives.
    There is a third reason for this situation. Children these days take very little exercise. They do not walk to school. When they get home, they sit in front of the television or their computers and play computer games. Not only is this an unhealthy pastime（消遣）, it also gives them time to eat more unhealthy food. What they need is to go outside and play active games or sports.
    The above are the main reasons for this problem, and therefore we have to encourage young people to be more active, as well as steering them away from fast food shops and bad eating habits.
13. According to the passage, what kind of children may eat more unhealthy food?
A. Those who often take exercise.
B. Those who often watch television.
C. Those who often have meals at home.
D. Those who often walk to school.
14. The author thinks that children are becoming overweight because ______.
A. their parents often cook meals for them
B. they are too busy to go out and play
C. they can't choose what to eat
D. there are too many fast food shops around
15. The underlined word "steering" in the last sentence most probably means ______.
A. forcing B. guiding C. driving D. moving
HOW TO LOSE WEIGHT？ Losing weight is tough.For most people,it requires a change in diet,a change in exercise habits,and a change in attitude. (1) .
Set healthy goals
If you're overweight and want to change that,the first step is deciding what your target weight is. (2) .
Start small
Making major behaviour modifications isn't something that happens overnight. (3) .Commit to eating 5 servings of vegetables a day and exercising 2 days a week for the first week,and then add a little more each week.
Track what you eat and how much you exercise
Now it's time to start working towards that goal.The best way to stick with your diet and exercise regimen is to track it. (4) .Or you can do it in the old fashioned way and keep a written food and exercise journal.Find what works for you and write down what you've accomplished every day.
Evaluate and adjust
Every month you should take a look at your goal and see what type of progress you've made towards accomplishing it. (5) .Try doing different exercises or cutting back on certain types of foods that you may be eating too much of.Losing weight and keeping it off is a highly personal thing.Find what works for you and stick with it.

A.Here's how you can accomplish all the three
B.So start with 1 to 2 things per week and work up from there
C.If you're not where you want to be,make minor adjustments
D.There are plenty of websites and apps that allow you to do this
E.The biggest reason why most people are fat is because of eating what
F.This will help you stick with your health goals and see measurable progress
G.Write down your goal and set a date that you want to accomplish that goal
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
I was born with a heart disease.As I grew up,parts of my heart started to(21) and I was often out of breath.So when I was eight,the doctors opened my chest to(22) it.When they saw the state of my heart,they told my parents,"We don't expect him to(23) the night." I was in and out of a coma （昏迷） for three months.Every day the fact that I wasn't (24) was a good thing.
Finally,the doctors(25) I'd be better off at home-saying that I wasn't going to live long.But I(26) and had something close to a (27) childhood.As a teenager,I began to (28)heart failure again.But I was (29) to go to college,become a manager and get married to Jo.
I started my own (30) so I could work flexible（灵活的）hours,(31)Jo and I had two children：Josh and Liam.I(32) to keep a good standard of life for everyone,even when I was waking up feeling sick every morning.By January last year,my heart failure was so (33) I often couldn't walk more than a few yards.
I was worried about not being around for my(34) .I had to explain to Josh that the(35) telling me an organ（器官）had been found could come any time and I'd be rushed to hospital,perhaps (36) I could say goodbye.A few days later,the phone rang and Josh said,"Is that the doctor with your new(37)？" However it was (38) a salesman.
May 4 was the day a transplant（移植）match was found.I was out of hospital within five weeks and,within a few (39)， feeling much better.By October,I was taking part in a 30-mile bike ride.
These days I spend a lot of time talking to kids with heart(40) .I want to support others who've had a hard time.
21.  A. feel　　 B. fail C. improve　 D. work
22.  A. repair B. discover C. hear D. prevent
23.  A. stay B. waste C. see D. last
24.  A. dead B. sad C. sick D. worried
25.  A. expected B. decided C. required D. learned
26.  A. went out B. gave up C. looked back D. carried on
27.  A. lucky B. normal C. busy D. poor
28.  A. stop B. accept C. experience D. examine
29.  A. ready B. likely C. able D. sure
30.  A. ride B. family C. holiday D. company
31.  A. and B. but C. since D. unless
32.  A. waited B. tried C. agreed D. offered
33.  A. easy B. quiet C. bad D. strange
34.  A. children B. parents C. wife D. doctors
35.  A. person B. letter C. call D. note
36.  A. when B. before C. although D. if
37.  A. heart B. bike C. drug D. address
38.  A. then B. yet C. just D. soon
39.  A. days B. weeks C. months D. years
40.  A. conditions B. problems C. operations D. transplants
41.     People have known the   (1)   (important) of keeping healthy and good life habit. Everyone   (2)   (want) to keep in good health. To keep healthy, we should have a   (3)   (balance) diet.
    What should we do to keep healthy? I think   (4)   is important to have a good habit. We shouldn't spit (吐痰) in public places or throw litter (垃圾) about. We must make it a rule to wash our hands before meals or   (5)   toilets (厕所). It is important to go to bed early and get up early. It will keep us   (6)   (activity) during the day.   (7)   (do) morning exercises every day is also good   (8)   our health. We should keep the windows open when we are sleeping. We should have more water, fruit   (9)   vegetables. Above all, we should keep our hearts in a good state. Do you agree with me? The better we get into good eating habits, the   (10)   (happy) our life will become.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
42. 英语课上，老师要求同桌同学相互修改作文．假设以下小作文为你同桌所写，请你对其进行修改．文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处．错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（^），并在此符号下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的 词．
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词．
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
Thanksgiving Day is one of the most important family holiday in America．All the members of a family，no matter where far away they are，will try to get together on that day．The first Thanksgiving in America takes place in October，1621．In 1620，the group of Englishmen sailed to Massachusetts．They had expected to find a freely place to live in，so they experienced a hard winter．Half of them starved death．The next spring，we began farming．With the help of local Indians，they learned to be plant corn and raise animals．In the fall，the fields produced a good harvest．Filling with joy and thanks to God，they held a celebration．In 1863，it became a national holiday．
43. 你们班要举行一次话题为"How to Keep Healthy"的演讲比赛，请你根据表格提供的信息，写一篇100词左右的发言稿．

饮食
多吃新鲜的水果和蔬菜；少吃肉以及垃圾食品
睡眠
保证每天都有充足的睡眠
运动
多运动，如：骑自行车或者步行上学；进行一些体育锻炼，如跑步、打篮球等

答案和解析

1~4.【答案】C、C、D、C
【解析】（1）C.段落大意题。根据第一段Eating different healthy foods gives you energy to do stuff,helps you grow the way you should,and can even keep you from getting sick.However,if you choose the wrong kind of food,you might run out of energy before the day is over.吃不同的健康食品会给你能量去做一些事情，帮助你以应有的方式成长，甚至可以防止你生病。然而，如果你选择了错误的食物，你可能会在一天结束前耗尽能量。可知，第一段主要是在告诉读者健康食物的重要性。故选C。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据第三段中的A packed lunch isn't always healthier than one you buy at school.If you pack chocolate cake and potato chips,that's not a nutritious（有营养的）meal!But a packed lunch,if you do it right,does have a clear advantage.打包午餐并不总是比你在学校买的午餐更健康。如果你带巧克力蛋糕和薯片，那就不是营养餐了！但如果你做得对，打包午餐确实有明显的优势。可知，自带午餐只有用正确的方式制作才算是健康食物。故选C。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的This is nice of them,but you may want to watch how they do it and ask if you can start making your lunches yourself.It's a way to show that you're growing up.这对他们很好，但你可能想看看他们是怎么做的，并问你是否可以开始自己做午餐。这是一种表明你正在长大的方式。可知，作者鼓励读者自己动手准备午餐。故选D。
（4）C.推理判断题。从全文多次出现的you,kids,your parents等。可知，本文是写给上学的孩子们的。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了健康食物的重要性以及孩子们如何选择午餐。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。

5~8.【答案】D、A、A、C
【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据第二段with bacteria least likely to transfer from carpeted surfaces and most likely to transfer from cement flooring surfaces to moist foods making contact for more than 5 seconds.（细菌最不可能从地毯表面转移，最有可能从水泥地板表面转移到潮湿的食物中，接触时间超过5秒）可知，30秒内掉在水泥板上的食物不像掉在地毯上的那么安全，故选D。
（2）A.细节推断题。根据第二段提到The study,undertaken by final year Biology students and led by Anthony Hilton,Professor of Microbiology at Aston University,monitored the transfer of the common bacteria from a variety of indoor flooring types （carpet,cement floor etc.） to toast,pasta,a biscuit and a sticky sweet when contact was made from 3 to 30 seconds这项研究由生物学专业大四学生进行，由阿斯顿大学微生物学教授安东尼•希尔顿（Anthony Hilton）领导，监测了常见细菌从各种室内地板类型（地毯、水泥地板等）到吐司、意大利面、饼干和粘糖的转移，接触时间为3到30秒。可知掉在地上的东西沾染多少细菌取决于细菌的类型，故选A项。
（3）A.推理判断题。根据第二段 monitored the transfer of the common bacteria from a variety of indoor floor types as carpet,cement floor to toast,pasta,biscuit and a sticky sweet when contact was made from 3 to 30 seconds. （当接触3到30秒时，监测常见细菌从地毯、水泥地板到吐司、面食、饼干和一种粘性甜点的转移）可知，文章采用的是对比的方法来组织文章的，A.time时间；B.space空间；C.contrast对比；D.example举例。故选A。
（4）C.主旨大意题。根据第二段The study,undertaken by final year Biology students and led by Anthony Hilton,Professor of Microbiology at Aston University,monitored the transfer of the common bacteria from a variety of indoor floor types as carpet,cement floor to toast,pasta,biscuit and a sticky sweet when contact was made from 3 to 30 seconds. （这项研究是由生物学专业的大四学生进行的，由阿斯顿大学微生物学教授安东尼•希尔顿领导，研究人员监测了常见细菌从地毯、水泥地板到吐司、面食、饼干和一种粘糊糊的甜点等多种室内地板类型在3到30秒的接触时间内的转移情况）可知，文章主要介绍了关于食物掉在地板上是否安全的研究，故选C。
本文是一篇说明文阅读，文章主要介绍了关于食物掉在地板上是否安全的研究。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

9~12.【答案】B、A、B、C
【解析】【文章大意】本文主要澄清了人们关于肥胖和运动的几个认识上的误区。
1. 
根据第二段中There's plenty of evidence that fatness runs in families, and the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercising too little.（有大量证据表明，肥胖在家庭中普遍存在，主要原因是他们有着吃得太多、运动太少的共同习惯。）可知，人们肥胖的主要原因是生活方式的不平衡，表现为吃得太多而运动太少。故选B。
2. 
根据第四段中The key is to develop a balanced and varied program that's fun as well as progressive.（关键是要制定一个既有趣又进步的平衡多样的计划。）可知，多样化的运动可使运动变得有趣。故选A。
3. 根据最后一段中Exercise is not meant to hurt.（锻炼并不是为了受伤。）以及Indeed, pain is your... could lead to serious injury.（的确，疼痛是你的身体告诉你出了什么问题，继续锻炼可能会导致严重伤害。）可知，作者认为运动只会带来轻微的“不适”，“疼痛”是生病的征兆，继续运动会造成严重损伤。故“疼痛”持续，应停止运动。故选B。
4. 
根据第一段中There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise.（关于肥胖和锻炼，一直以来都有很多被普遍认为是错误的想法。）可知，作者写本文是为了澄清人们关于肥胖和运动的认识误区。故选C。


13~15.【答案】B、D、B
【解析】【文章大意】本文说明了儿童超重的情况正在恶化并分析了超重的原因。
1. 
根据第四段中When they get home, they sit in front of the television or their computers and play computer games. Not only is this an unhealthy pastime（消遣）, it also gives them time to eat more unhealthy food.（当他们回到家，他们坐在电视机或电脑前玩电脑游戏。这不仅是一种不健康的消遣方式，还让他们有时间吃更多不健康的食物。）可知，经常看电视的孩子更可能吃不健康的食品。故选B。
2. 根据第二段Some people blame the fact that we are surrounded（包围）by shops selling unhealthy...there were fewer of these restaurants, then probably children would buy less take-away food.（有些人指责我们周围的商店都在低价出售不健康、高脂肪的食物，比如炸鸡和冰淇淋。这导致了整整一代成年人很少自己做饭。如果这样的餐馆少一些，那么孩子们可能会少买一些外卖食品。）可知，作者认为孩子们变得超重是因为周围快餐店太多了。故选D。

3. 根据最后一段中The above are the main reasons for this problem, and therefore we have to encourage young people to be more active（以上是这个问题的主要原因，因此我们必须鼓励年轻人更加积极）以及fast food shops and bad eating habits.（快餐店和不良的饮食习惯）可知，同时引导他们远离快餐店和不良的饮食习惯。因此划线词的意思是“引导”。故选B。

16~20.【答案】A、G、B、D、C
【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据上文"Losing weight is tough.For most people,it requires a change in diet,a change in exercise habits,and a change in attitude.（减肥很困难。对大多数人来说，这需要改变饮食，改变锻炼习惯，改变态度。）"结合后文主要说明了做到改变饮食，改变锻炼习惯，改变态度的方法。A选项"Here's how you can achieve all the three.       以下是你如何完成这三件事的方法。"符合语境，故选A。
（2）G.推理判断题。根据小标题"Set healthy goals.（树立健康的目标。）"以及上文"If you're overweight and want to change that,the first step is deciding what your target weight is.（如果你超重，想要改变，第一步是确定你的目标体重是多少。）"可知本段主要介绍了设定正常合理的目标，G选项中goal对应上文中goals。G选项"Write down your goal and set a date by which you want to achieve that goal.               写下你的目标，并设定一个你想要完成目标的日期。"符合语境，故选G。
（3）B.推理判断题。根据小标题"Start small.（从小处起步）"以及后文"Commit to eating 5 servings of vegetables a day and exercising 2 days a week for the first week,then add a little more each week.（第一周保证每天吃5种蔬菜，每周锻炼2天，然后每周增加一点。）"可知该段主要介绍从小处起步，结合下文提到了第一周改变的两个习惯，并且每周增加要改变的一些习惯，可见本句是在说明如何从小的事情开始，B选项"So start with 1-2 things per week and work up from there.         所以从每周做1到2件事情开始，然后从那里开始。"符合语境，故选B。
（4）D.推理判断题。根据上文"Now it's time to start working toward that goal.The best way to stick with your diet and exercise rules is to track it.（现在是时候开始朝着这个目标努力了。坚持你的饮食和锻炼规则的最好方法是跟踪它。）"以及后文"Or you can do it in the old fashioned way and keep a written food and exercise journal.Find what works for you and write down what you've accomplished every day.（或者你可以用传统的方式来做，写饮食和锻炼日记。找出对你有效的方法，写下你每天完成的事情。）"可知，本句与后文构成并列，主要是针对如何记录锻炼和饮食数据的方法进行说明，D选项"There are plenty of websites and apps that allow you to do this有很多应用程序允许你这样做。"符合语境，故选D。
（5）C.联系下文题。根据下文"Try doing different exercises or cutting back on certain types of foods that you may be eating too much of .（尝试做不同的运动或减少某些你可能吃得太多的食物）"可知是进行的调整。所以C选项"If you're not where you want to be,make minor adjustments.如果你不在你想去的地方，做一些小的调整。"符合语境，故选C。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍减肥需要改变饮食，改变锻炼习惯，改变态度以及如何做到这三点的方法。
"七选五"这样的题型，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项。得出正确的答案。

21~40.【答案】B、A、D、A、B、D、B、C、C、D、A、B、C、A、C、B、A、C、C、B
【解析】（1）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.feel感觉；B.fail失败；C.improve提高；D.work工作。根据该句中的I was often out of breath可知，作者的心脏开始衰竭，下文的heart failure为提示。故答案为B。
（2）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.repair修理；B.discover发现；C.hear听见；D.prevent阻止。根据文章中的第一句 I was born with a heart disease可知，医生想要修复作者的心脏。故答案为A。
（3）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.stay待在；B.waste浪费；C.see看到；D.last持续。根据下文的saying that I wasn't going to live long可知，医生觉得作者的情况不容乐观，可能熬不过当晚。故答案为D。
（4）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.dead死的；B.sad悲伤的；C.sick生病的；D.worried担心的。根据上文的I was in and out of a coma（昏迷） for three months可知，作者每天还活着是一件值得庆幸的事。故答案为A。
（5）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.expected期望；B.decided决定；C.required要求；D.learned学会。根据破折号后的内容可知，医生决定作者最好还是回家（等待死亡）。故答案为B。
（6）D.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.went out出去；B.gave up放弃；C.looked back回顾；D.carried on继续。根据上文的saying that I wasn't going to live long和转折连词But可知，作者没有让生命很快止步，而是继续活了下去。故答案为D。
（7）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.lucky幸运的；B.normal正常的；C.busy忙碌的；D.poor贫穷的。根据下文讲述青少年和成年后的正常生活可知，作者的童年也基本和其他孩子一样。故答案为B。
（8）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.stop停止；B.accept接受；C.experience经历；D.examine检查，考试。作者青少年时期又曾经历心力衰竭。故答案为C。
（9）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.ready准备好的；B.likely可能的；C.able能够的；D.sure确定的。根据转折连词But可知，虽然作者在青少年时期又开始经历心力衰竭，但他还是上了大学，成为了一名经理并且结婚生子。故答案为C。
（10）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.ride乘坐；B.family家庭；C.holiday假期；D.company公司。根据接下来的so I could work flexible hours可知，作者为了有灵活的工作时间自己创办了公司。故答案为D。
（11）A.考查连词及语境理解。A.and而且；B.but但是；C.since自从；D.unless除非。创办自己的公司和我们有了两个孩子之间为并列关系。故答案为A。
（12）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.waited等待；B.tried尝试；C.agreed同意；D.offered提供。根据上文叙述作者的工作和家庭经历可知，作者努力让身边的家人有高水准的生活。故答案为B。
（13）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.easy容易的；B.quiet安静的；C.bad坏的；D.strange奇怪的。根据下文的I often couldn't walk more than a few yards可知，作者的心脏病越来越严重。故答案为C。
（14）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.children孩子；B.parents父母；C.wife妻子；D.doctors医生。根据下文 had to explain to Josh 描述给儿子解释可知，作者担心自己不在孩子身边。故答案为A。
（15）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.person个人；B.letter信件；C.call电话；D.note便条。根据下文的the phone rang可知，作者会随时接到有关捐献器官的电话。故答案为C。
（16）B.考查连词及语境理解。A.when当；B.before在……之前；C.although尽管；D.if如果。根据上文的come any time and I'd be rushed to hospital可知，作者觉得可能会来不及和儿子告别。故答案为B。
（17）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.heart心；B.bike自行车；C.drug药品；D.address地址。根据下文May 4 was the day a transplant（移植）match was found可知，作者需要移植新的心脏。故答案为A。
（18）C.考查副词及语境理解。A.then那时；B.yet然而；C.just只是，仅仅；D.soon不久。根据句首的转折副词However可知，电话只是一名推销员打来的。故答案为C。
（19）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.days天；B.weeks星期；C.months月；D.years年。根据该段句首May 4 was the day a transplant  match was found和下文的October可知，作者几个月后感觉越来越好。故答案为C。
（20）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.conditions状况；B.problems问题；C.operations手术；D.transplants移植。作者是一名心脏病患并经历了太多的痛苦，因此他要鼓励那些同样有心脏问题的孩子们。故答案为B。
本文是一篇记叙文，作者虽然患有先天性心脏病，但是他没有退缩，勇敢面对学习和生活，坚强地活了下去。
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。

41.【答案】【小题1】
importance
【小题2】
wants
【小题3】
balanced
【小题4】
it
【小题5】
after
【小题6】
active
【小题7】
Doing
【小题8】
for
【小题9】
and
【小题10】
happier
【解析】1. 空处作动词known的宾语，结合空格前后的the和of可知，空处应用名词；importance重要性，不可数名词。
2. 句意：每个人都想保持健康。空处陈述事实，应用一般现在时；主语是Everyone，want应用单三形式wants。
3. 此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词diet；balanced形容词，平衡的。
4. it is+形容词+to do sth.做某事是……的，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式结构。
5. 
空处表示“上完厕所后”，应用介词after，表示“在……之后”。
6. “keep sb.+形容词”表示“使某人处于某种状态”，形容词充当宾语补足语；active形容词，活跃的。
7. 分析句子结构可知，空处作主语，应用动名词形式，表示概念、习惯或经验。注意首字母大写。
8. be good for对……有益，固定短语。
9. water，fruit和vegetable之间是并列关系，应用表示并列的连词and连接。
10. “the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……，越……”，固定表达，所以此处应用形容词happy的比较级。

42.【答案】Thanksgiving Day is one of the most important family  holiday in America．All the members of a family，no matter  where far away they are，will try to get together on that day．The first Thanksgiving in America  takes place in October，1621．In 1620， the group of Englishmen sailed to Massachusetts．They had expected to find a  freely place to live in， so they experienced a hard winter．Half of them starved∧death．The next spring， we began farming．With the help of local Indians，they learned to be plant corn and raise animals．In the fall，the fields produced a good harvest． Filling with joy and thanks to God，they held a celebration．In 1863，it became a national holiday．
1．holiday改为holidays 
2．where改为how  
3．takes改为took 
4．the改为a 
5．freely改为free 
6．so改为but 
7．加to  
8．we改为they  
9．去掉be  
10．Filling改为Filled
【解析】1．holiday改为holidays 考查名词复数．holiday是可数名词，one of意为"…之一"，后接可数名词复数形式．
2．where改为how 考查连词．根据句意：不管他们离多远．用no matter how far．
3．takes改为took 考查动词时态．根据时间状语in October，1621，要用一般过去时态．
4．the改为a 考查冠词．a group of意为"一组；一群；一伙 "，是固定搭配．
5．freely改为free 考查形容词．place是名词，要用形容词修饰．
6．so改为but 考查连词．前后两个分句之间是转折关系而非因果关系，用连词but．
7．加to 考查固定搭配．starve to death意为"饿死"，是固定搭配．
8．we改为they 考查代词．they指代文中提到的a group of Englishmen．用代词they．
9．去掉be 考查动词不定式．they与plant之间是主谓关系，用动词不定式的主动式．
10．Filling改为Filled 考查过去分词．they与fill之间是动宾关系，用过去分词作状语．

43.【答案】写作：
How to Keep Healthy
Hello，everyone，
More and more people are concerned about their health． The question is how to keep healthy．
First of all，having a balanced diet is very important． To keep healthy，we should eat more fresh fruit，vegetables and less meat． Besides，we'd better get away from junk food！Secondly，it is also important to get enough sleep． Make sure we get at least eight hours' sleep every day． Finally，taking exercise makes our bodies stronger． For example，we can walk or ride a bike to school instead of taking the bus．Playing basketball or football can also improve our health．
In a word，there is a lot we can do to keep healthy!
That's all． Thank you．
【解析】略