2021-2022学年安徽省滁州市定远二中高二（下）第四次月考英语试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2021-2022学年安徽省滁州市定远二中高二（下）第四次月考英语试卷（含答案解析），共18页。

Bk a trip and bring a friend fr free t experience different cultures arund the wrld.
Feed Yur Mind, Bdy and Sul in Lake Tahe
Escape the big smke and head int the Sierra Nevada muntains fr fur days n the shres f Lake Tahe. Each day, yu'll have the chance t learn abut meditatin (冥想) frm an expert instructr. Yu'll als enjy wdland hikes and a sunset bat trip with dinner n bard.
$1, 199; 4 days
Paradise Fund: a Taste f Clmbia's Caribbean Cast
Frm beautiful beaches t snw-cvered muntains, discver the great landscapes f Clmbia's Caribbean Cast n this eight-day adventure. Wander the streets f Cartagena's walled city and taste street fd in La B-quilla befre taking a day trip t the wnderful Rsari Islands.
$1, 999; 8 days
Escape t Iceland's Frzen Wilderness
With black vlcanic beaches, snw-cvered muntains and thundering (轰鸣的) waterfalls, Iceland needs t be seen t be believed. This five-day adventure trip will give yu the pprtunity t g thrugh the wilderness while watching ut fr the Nrthern Lights.
$2, 969; 5 days
La Dlce Vita: the Best f Sicily
See the best f Sicily at a slw pace, keeping with the lcal rhythm (节奏) f life. Over 10 days, yu'll enjy the sights and sunds f suthern Italy, with plenty f stps fr ice cream. Yu'll g n a fascinating trip t the Aelian Islands fr clse encunters with ht springs. A Sicilian street fd tur will help yu immerse (沉浸) yurself in the lcal fd.
$2, 969; 10 days
1. What can yu d in Lake Tahe?
A. Enjy authentic Italian fd arund a fire.
B. Learn t meditate frm an expert instructr.
C. Wander the streets f Cartagena's walled city.
D. Discver the great landscapes f Caribbean Cast.
2. What can peple d in Sicily?
A. Enjy the slw pace f life.
B. Explre the lcal rhythm f literature.
C. Taste varius dishes f the place.
D. Learn t make a variety f springs.
3. Which tur csts the least per day?
A. Lake Tahe.B. La Dlce Vita.
C. Iceland's Frzen Wilderness.D. Clmbia's Caribbean Cast.
B
Sme peple d a jb thrugh their whle lives and it is nthing mre than a jb. Carle and Russ Cassidy were lucky. They fund their passin (热爱) fr life thrugh their wrk as special educatin teachers. And the Cassidys say they are even luckier in retirement (退休生活).
"We just did nt want t be sitting and ding nthing in retirement," Carle Cassidy says. "We tried a cuple f things and they were nt meant fr us."
Sn, they fund the Princetn Public Library's Children's Strytime prgram and wanted t be a part f it at nce. "We were lucky; they came and asked us t be vlunteers," Rebecca Marrs, children's librarian at the Princetn Public Library, says. "Kids here lve the retired special educatin teachers and are able t interact (互动) n a better level. "
Marrs began the Children's Strytime prgram at the Princetn Public Library abut seven years ag. The Bk Babies prgram, which is fr babies ranging frm newbrns t 3-year-lds, is held n Thursday and the Pre-schl prgram is held n Friday. And the whle Strytime prgram is free t all kids.
Strytime begins with stries being read by Marrs, then activities time. The Cassidys and Marrs bth say that they d nt expect the children t sit still during strytime. They understand that children can listen while als playing with blcks.
"I lve being with kids. The best part f my wrk here is t watch kids playing tgether and using their imaginatin," Carle Cassidy says. "Fr example, I ask them why they made a rbt with blcks and they explain it t me. Their imaginatin is s gd."
Strytime is in a pause until springtime, but Marrs says there will be several strytimes during the winter break. "They learn frm us, but mre imprtantly they learn frm each ther and hw t wrk with ther kids," Marrs said.
4. Where d the Cassidys wrk befre their retirement?
A. In a hspital.B. In a schl.C. In a factry.D. In a library.
5. What d we knw abut the Children's Strytime prgram at the Princetn Public Library?
A. It began in 2017.B. It is held n weekends.
C. It welcmes children under six.D. It was started by Rebecca Marrs.
6. What des Carle like best in the library?
A. Reading stries t children.
B. Building rbts with children.
C. Seeing children use their imaginatin.
D. Answering questins raised by children.
7. What's the text mainly abut?
A. A prgram f children's Strytime.
B. Ways t live the life f retirement.
C. Retired teachers vlunteering Strytime.
D. Tips n teaching children t tell stries.
C
Cleaning up after an il spill has always been a cstly and time-cnsuming prcess that ften harms wildlife and further damages the cean envirnment.But nw researchers at Nrthwestern University have develped a "smart spnge （海绵）"t clean up il spills in the cean.
This new apprach is designed t nly absrb il,leaving the clean water behind withut affecting cean wildlife,accrding t a Nrthwestern News release.The secret f hw the new spnge can selectively absrb nly the il lies in a nancmpsite （纳米复合材料）cating and a carbn-based structure that attracts il and drives water away.The cmpsite's 3 D structure interacts with and sticks the il,hlding it until it is squeezed ut.
The best part is that this cmpsite can be used t cat any cmmercial spnge.All yu have t d is apply a thin cating f it t the spnge and let it dry befre use.The smart spnge can absrb il up t 30 times f its wn weight.Plus,it is reusable up t a dzen times.The researchers even came up with a plan n the best practices fr the smart spnge.The spnge will cme in large sheets that are rlled.While there are n limitatins in the size,2-3 feet width will be enugh.And the spnge can be used n a beach after an il spill r airdrpped t absrb il in the cean.
While getting rid f fssil fuels is the lngtime gal,its cntinued use requires the liquid t be transprted lng distances and with that cmes the risk f il spills.When these ccur,having a safer and mre effective methd f cleaning the affected ceans and fragile beach envirnments will g a lng way twards saving ur cean wildlife and castlines.
8. What's special abut the smart spnge？ ______
A. Absrbing water quickly.
B. Helping transprt fssil fuels.
C. Cnsisting f il-attracting structure.
D. String nancmpsite fr a lng time.
9. What's talked abut in Paragraph 3？ ______
A. The prcess f making spnges.
B. The effective way f transprting il.
C. The plan t reduce il cnsumptin.
D. The wrking principle f the smart spnge.
10. What's the authr's attitude twards the smart spnge？ ______
A. Cncerned.B. Skeptical.C. Supprtive.D. Unclear.
11. In which sectin f a newspaper may this text appear？ ______
A. Entertainment.B. Lifestyle.C. Advertisement.D. Inventin.
D
New research suggests that a gene that gverns the bdy's bilgical （circadian） clck acts differently in males versus females and may prtect females frm heart disease.The study is the first ne t analyze circadian bld pressure rhythms in female mice.
The bdy's circadian clck-the bilgical clck that rganizes bdily activities ver a 24-hur perid-cntributes t nrmal variatins in bld pressure and heart functin ver the curse f the day.In mst healthy humans,bld pressure dips （下降）at night.Peple wh d nt experience this temprary drp are called "nn-dippers" and mre likely t develp heart disease.The circadian clck is made up f fur main prteins （encded by "clck genes"） that regulate clse t half f all genes in the bdy,including thse imprtant fr bld pressure regulatin.
Previus research has shwn that male mice that are missing ne f the fur clck genes （PER1）becme nn-dippers and have a higher risk f heart and kidney disease.A research team studied the circadian respnse and bld pressure f female mice that lack PER1 and cmpared them with a healthy female cntrl grup.On bth lw- and high-salt diets,bth grups " an apparent circadian rhythm" f bld pressure,the researchers explained.Unlike the male mice in previus research,the females withut PER1 shwed nrmal dips in bld pressure vernight.
These results suggest that the lack f PER1 acts differently in males and females.The findings are cnsistent with research shwing that wmen are less likely t be nn-dippers than men f the same age. "This study represents an imprtant step in understanding sex differences in the regulatin f cardivascular （心血管）functin by the circadian clck, "the researchers wrte.
12. What des the new research find？ ______
A. Bilgical clck may prtect males frm heart disease.
B. Bilgical bld pressure rhythms in female mice acts nrmally.
C. Bilgical clck rganizes bdily activities ver a 24-hur perid.
D. A gene cntrlling the bilgical clck wrks differently between sexes.
13. What rle can the circadian clck play accrding t the text？ ______
A. Helping males cure heart disease.
B. Helping bld pressure vary nrmally.
C. Cntributing t abnrmal variatins in bld pressure.
D. Making up fur main prteins regulating mre than half f all genes.
14. Which wrd can best replace the underlined wrd "retained" in Paragraph 3？ ______
A. Treated.B. Warned.C. Kept.D. Watched.
15. What wuld be a suitable title fr the text？ ______
A. One Clck Gene Is Imprtant.
B. Wmen may Benefit frm Bdy Clck.
C. New Study Analyzes Bld Pressure Rhythms.
D. Bld Pressure f Healthy Humans Dips at Night.
Teens lve t argue their viewpints. (1) This pwerful skill gives kids the pprtunity t be heard and helps them think befre speaking while presenting their views in a calm,reasnable manner.This skill is never used in the heat f the mment when anyne is upset. (2) Once that's established,here are the steps t fllw：
Lk at the persn.Yu need t be in persn and face-t-face fr this t wrk well,nt texting r scial media.
(3) Make sure t speak calmly and slwly,and keep a cmfrtable distance between yurself and ther persn.
Say "I understand hw yu feel".This starts the discussin ff n a psitive nte.Be sincere in yur desire t cme t an agreement,and admit the ther peple's right t an pinin.
Tell why yu feel differently.Get yur "ducks in a rw"，which means getting everything prperly rganized and under cntrl. (4) Yu shuld als use as many details as yu can.In this way,the ther persn is mre likely t accept what yu say.
Listen t the ther persn attentively.Give the ther persn time t present his r her views. (5) Make sure t practice several times befre yur child actually needs t use the skill.Over time,yu'll find this skill calms things dwn in yur huse and equips yur teens t navigate differences f pinin wherever they may be,and that's a win-win fr everyne!
A.Use a pleasant vice.
B.Dn't act befre thinking.
C.Hwever,listen attentively at first.
D.Dn't interrupt,lk bred r argue.
E.Teach yur teens t disagree prperly!
F.Yu shuld always think befre yu speak.
G.Instead,wait till everyne has cled dwn and is ready t listen.
16. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
Thusands f encuraging radside signs have been planted arund the wrld recently.It's all thanks t ne wman wh felt (21) in the face f her neighbur's mental illness.
Amy Wlff was first inspired t start (22) the encuraging signs after she had a（n）(23) discussin with a friend in May 2017. "We were hanging ut with friends when ne f them (24) the grwing number f peple trying t kill themselves in ur cmmunity, " says Wlff. "I wasn't a（n） (25).I didn't knw f anyne (26) thughts f self-harm.What culd I d？"
Then Wlff gt the (27) t start planting encuraging signs in peple's yards.Fr the fllwing tw weeks,she and her kids started kncking at peple's (28) acrss their twn f Newburg,Oregn and asking if they culd(29) signs with messages like "Dn't Give Up" and "Yur Mistakes Dn't(30)Yu".
Wlff then started (31) messages frm ther peple in the cmmunity wanting t(32) the signs.Within a few days,Wlff had sld ver 150 f the yard signs.That night,Wlff's husband (33) a website t sell the signs.
"Within a year,we had news media in Dallas,Bstn,Massachusetts,and Prtland cver ur mvement (34)， "she added.In the fall f 2018，Wlff set up the Dn't Give Up rganizatin fr her signs.Since she planted her first sign tw years ag,she has(35)the rganizatin's messages f(36) t all 50 US states and many cuntries in six languages.
With May being Mental Health Awareness Mnth,the (37) that Wlff has received frm sign wners are(38).One message frm Frank(39)： "I just had a wman knck at my dr.She began t cry and (40) me fr the signs in my yard.Her sn had tried t kill himself and these signs were in the yard the day they came hme frm the hspital. "
21. A. fearlessB. wrthlessC. carelessD. helpless
22. A. nticingB. reflectingC. plantingD. appreciating
23. A. inspiringB. mvingC. heartbreakingD. puzzling
24. A. mentinedB. sawC. stppedD. sensed
25. A. farmerB. dctrC. fficerD. inventr
26. A. lking intB. sticking tC. pinting tD. suffering frm
27. A. infrmatinB. ideaC. decisinD. attentin
28. A. drsB. signsC. windwsD. walls
29. A. pick upB. put upC. send upD. bring up
30. A. BenefitB. DefineC. RepairD. Prepare
31. A. sendingB. bservingC. ignringD. receiving
32. A. cleanB. prduceC. buyD. measure
33. A. recrdedB. acceptedC. createdD. cvered
34. A. implitelyB. widelyC. passivelyD. cautiusly
35. A. discveredB. impressedC. annuncedD. spread
36. A. achievementB. explanatinC. encuragementD. amusement
37. A. rewardsB. prjectsC. clumnsD. messages
38. A. negativeB. disappintingC. meaningfulD. useful
39. A. writesB. readsC. speaksD. reprts
40. A. thankB. excuseC. apprachD. invite
41. Birds are highly intelligent creatures, with cmplex and specialized frms f cmmunicatin. Each species has (1) unique way f using bdy language and vcalizatins（发声）t cmmunicate. Hwever, there are sme things (2) birds d in general and that yu can understand. If yu pay attentin t yur (3) (bird) regular mannerisms（特殊习惯）, yu will be able t identify when they have changed. Als, yu need t lk at their mvements r behavirs in cntext (4) (understand) them. If yu can d this, yu (5) (be) clser t understanding what yur feathered friends are trying t cmmunicate with yu.
Birds are (6) (typical) very clean creatures and they spend a lt f time cleaning, preening and grming their feathers. This is natural self-care behavir that is imprtant fr birds t d. Bathing is an imprtant part f feather (7) (maintain) fr birds. If yur birds stp bathing themselves, that is a sign that they are n lnger taking care f (8) (they).
This culd signal depressin, bdy pain, r lack f mbility. A bird that is singing r whistling a lt is likely very happy. A bird that is (9) (satisfy) is likely t chatter r talk a lt. In fact, if yu spend time (10) them, they are likely t increase this chatter when yu cme arund.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Reading is my favrite hbby.I can never stp the lve fr read because bks are like wise teachers as well as gd friends in my life.As we all knw,bks are the surce f knwledges.I benefit a great deal f frm reading.There are variusly bks fr me t chse frm,like histry bks,science bks,literary bks and s n.What interests me mst is literary bks,especial thse written by famus writers.Fr first thing,they help t imprve my writing skills but braden my hrizns.Fr anther,it can enrich my life and prvided me with great fun.Isn't it pleasure t have great calm in mind while reading？
43. 假定你是学校研究项目" Cllect used bks n campus"的负责人，该项目目前开展顺利且效果良好，请你给校《英语报》写一篇稿件宣传你们的项目，内容包括：
1.项目的目的和意义；
2.项目开展的成功经验；
3.呼吁大家积极参加。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节。
Cllect used bks n campus____________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、C、D
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个可以免费带一个朋友去体验的旅游活动。
1. 根据Feed Yur Mind, Bdy and Sul in Lake Tahe中的Each day, yu'll have the chance t learn abut meditatin (冥想) frm an expert instructr. （每天，你都有机会从专家导师那里学习冥想。）可知，在Lake Tahe你可以从专家导师那里学习冥想。故选B。
2. 根据最后一段A Sicilian street fd tur will help yu immerse (沉浸) yurself in the lcal fd.（西西里街头美食之旅将帮助您沉浸在当地美食中。）可知，在西西里可以品尝到各种当地食物。故选C。
3. 根据每个小标题下的价格$1, 199; 4 days（4天，1199美元）、$1, 999; 8 days（8天，1999美元）、$2, 969; 5 days（5天，2969美元）和$2, 969; 10 days（10天，2969美元）可知，通过计算，每天的平均价格分别为：299.75美元、249.875美元、593.8美元和296.9美元。通过比较，Paradise Fund: a Taste f Clmbia's Caribbean Cast日平均价格最低。故选D。
4~7.【答案】B、D、C、C
【解析】【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一对曾任教师的退休夫妇到图书馆做儿童读书项目志愿者的事迹。
1.
根据第一段They fund their passin (热爱) fr life thrugh their wrk as special educatin teachers（他们通过特殊教育教师的工作找到了对生活的激情。）可知卡西迪夫妇在退休前在学校工作。故选B。
2.
根据第四段 Marrs began the Children's Strytime prgram at the Princetn Public Library abut seven years ag.（7年前，Marrs在普林斯顿公共图书馆开始了“儿童故事时间”节目。）可知，这个项目是由Marrs发起的。故选D。
3.
根据倒数第二段Carle说的话The best part f my wrk here is t watch kids playing tgether and using their imaginatin（我的工作中最棒的部分是观察孩子们一起玩耍，发挥他们的想象力）可知，Carle对这份志愿者工作最爱的部分是并见证孩子们的想象力。故选C。
4.
通读全文可知，本文介绍一对退休教师夫妇在儿童读书项目做志愿者的事迹。故选C。
8~11.【答案】C、A、C、D
【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据文章第二自然段中的"The secret f hw the new spnge can selectively absrb nly the il lies in a nancmpsite （纳米复合材料）cating and a carbn-based structure that attracts il and drives water away. （新的海绵如何能选择性地只吸收油的秘密在于一种纳米复合材料涂层和一种吸引油和赶走水的碳基结构。）"可知，这种新型材料含有一种以"碳元素 "为基础的结构，这种结构能够吸附原油却不吸附水。故C.Cnsisting f il-attracting structure. （由吸油结构组成。）正确。故选C。
（2）A.段落大意题。根据文章第三自然段的The spnge will cme in large sheets that are rlled.While there are n limitatins in the size,2-3 feet width will be enugh.And the spnge can be used n a beach after an il spill r airdrpped t absrb il in the cean. （海绵会变成卷起来的大床单。虽然尺寸没有限制，但2-3英尺宽就足够了。海绵可以在石油泄漏后在海滩上使用，或者空投用来吸收海洋中的石油。）并结合其它内容可推断，本段介绍了这种新型海绵的实际运用。故选A。
（3）C.观点态度题。根据文章第一自然段中的But nw researchers at Nrthwestern University have develped a "smart spnge （海绵）" t clean up il spills in the cean. （但现在西北大学的研究人员开发了一种"智能海绵"来清理海洋中的石油泄漏。）和第三自然段中的The best part is that this cmpsite can be used t cat any cmmercial spnge. （最好的部分是，这种复合材料可以用来涂在任何商业海绵上。）"以及最后一段中的内容"When these ccur,having a safer,mre effective methd t clean the affected ceans and fragile beach envirnments will g a lng way twards saving ur cean wildlife and castlines. （当这些情况发生时，有一种更安全、更有效的方法来清洁受影响的海洋和脆弱的海滩环境将大大有助于拯救我们的海洋野生动物和海岸线。）可知，作者对这种可吸附原油、净化海洋的新型材料是赞成的。故选C。
（4）D.文章出处题。根据文章各段落内容可知，本文介绍了一种新研制的可以吸走泄漏的原油，净化海洋的材料。因此该篇文章应该是出现在报纸的"发明创造"版面，而不是"娱乐或生活方式"。文中没有提到该新型材料的价格、购买方式等，因此也不是"广告"。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。介绍一种可以吸走泄漏的原油，净化海洋的新型材料。
做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
12~15.【答案】D、B、C、B
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第一段New research suggests that a gene that gverns the bdy's bilgical （circadian） clck acts differently in males versus females and may prtect females frm heart disease.（新的研究表明，控制人体生物钟（昼夜节律）的基因在男性和女性中的作用不同，可能保护女性免受心脏病的侵害。）可知，新的研究发现，控制生物钟的基因对于男性和女性的作用是不同的，故选D。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据第二段The bdy's circadian clck-the bilgical clck that rganizes bdily activities ver a 24-hur perid-cntributes t nrmal variatins in bld pressure and heart functin ver the curse f the day.（人体昼夜节律的在24小时内组织身体活动的生物钟有助于一天中血压和心脏功能的正常变化。）可知，生物钟有助于血压和心脏功能正常变化，故选B。
（3）C.词句猜测题。根据第三段Unlike the male mice in previus research,the females withut PER1 shwed nrmal dips in bld pressure vernight.（与先前研究中的雄性小鼠不同，没有PER1的雌性小鼠在一夜之间血压正常下降。）可知，此句研究结果与前句表示对比，前句表示在低盐和高盐的饮食中，两组小鼠的血压保持明显的昼夜节律，推测划线单词表示"保持"，与kept同义。A.Treated对待；B.Warned警告；C.Kept保持；D.Watched观察。故选C。
（4）B.标题归纳题。根据第一段New research suggests that a gene that gverns the bdy's bilgical （circadian）clck acts differently in males versus females and may prtect females frm heart disease.（新的研究表明，控制人体生物钟（昼夜节律）的基因在男性和女性中的作用不同，可能保护女性免受心脏病的侵害。）可知，生物钟可能保护女性免受心脏病的侵害，以及最后一段The findings are cnsistent with research shwing that wmen are less likely t be nn-dippers than men f the same age.研究表明，女性比同龄男性更不可能成为非杓型。可知，女性受到生物钟的影响，心脏和肾脏疾病风险可能更低，所以B.Wmen may benefit frm bdy clck" 女性可能受益于生物钟"可以作为文章标题，故选B。
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了控制人体生物钟的基因在男性和女性中的作用不同，女性可能受益于生物钟。
做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
16~20.【答案】E、G、A、F、D
【解析】（1）E.推理判断题。根据前句Teens lve t argue their viewpints（青少年喜欢争论他们的观点）；以及后句This pwerful skill gives kids the pprtunity t be heard and helps them think befre speaking while presenting their views in a calm,reasnable manner（这项强大的技能为孩子们提供了被倾听的机会，帮助他们在说话之前先思考，同时以冷静、合理的方式表达自己的观点），可知表示"教育你的孩子正确地表达不同意见"的选项E可以期待承上启下的作用，故选E。
（2）G.推理判断题。根据前句This skill is never used in the heat f the mment when anyne is upset（在任何人情绪低落的时候，这项技能都不会被使用），可知表示"相反，要等到每个人都冷静下来，准备好倾听"的选项G符合前后的语境，upset是关键词，故选G。
（3）A.主题判断题。根据后句Make sure t speak calmly and slwly,and keep a cmfrtable distance between yurself and ther persn（确保说话冷静缓慢，与他人保持舒适的距离），可知表示"用悦耳的声音"的选项A符合本段的主题，speak calmly and slwly是关键词，故选A。
（4）F.推理判断题。根据后句Yu shuld als use as many details as yu can.In this way,the ther persn is mre likely t accept what yu say（你也应该尽可能多地使用细节。这样，对方更有可能接受你说的话），可知表示"你应该三思而后行"的选项F符合前后的并列结构，Yu shuld als是关键词，故选F。
（5）D.推理判断题。根据前句Listen t the ther persn attentively.Give the ther persn time t present his r her views（仔细倾听对方的意见。给对方时间表达自己的观点），可知表示"不要打断别人，不要显得无聊或争吵"的选项D符合前后的语境，attentively是关键词，故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。介绍了青少年正确表达他们自己的观点的方法。
做七选五题目时要注意以下规则：1．放进去通顺，这一点是基础，凡不通顺的必错无疑；2、选项中有单词、词组、句子成分或与所选答案所在段内容重合；3、选项与其上句或下句之间有必然的逻辑关系；4、选项全部内容都属于正确答案所在段，有时备选答案中可能含有甲乙两项内容，这时，只有当甲和乙都归属于本段时，答案才是正确的。
21~40.【答案】D、C、C、A、B、D、B、A、B、B、D、C、C、B、D、C、D、C、B、A
【解析】（1）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.fearless无畏的；B.wrthless无价值的；C.careless不关心的；D.helpless无助的。句意：这都多亏一个女人，她在邻居的精神疾病面前感到无助。由上文"Thusands f encuraging radside signs have been planted arund the wrld recently."可知，最近，世界各地都在路边安放了成干上万令人鼓舞的标牌，这都多亏了一个女人，是她的一些举动带来了这一改变。故选D。
（2）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.nticing通知；B.reflecting反映；C.planting安放；D.appreciating欣赏。句意：Amy Wlff在2017年5月和一个朋友进行一次令人心碎的讨论之后，她第一次受到启发，开始安放这些令人鼓舞的指示牌。由第一段中的"signs have been planted"可知，此处指安放指示牌，故选C。
（3）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.inspiring鼓舞人心的；B.mving感人的；C.heartbreaking令人心碎的；D.puzzling令人迷惑的。句意：Amy Wlf在2017年5月和一个朋友进行一次令人心碎的讨论之后，她第一次受到启发，开始安放这些令人鼓舞的指示牌。由下文"ne f them（6）the grwing number f peple trying t kill themselves in ur cmmunity""可知，在"我"们的社区里，越来越多的人试图自杀，这是令人心碎的，由此可知，Amy Wlff和朋友进行了一次令人心碎的讨论，故选C。
（4）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.mentined提到；B.saw看见；C.stpped停下来；D.sensed感觉到。句意：Wlff说："我们和朋友一起出去玩，这时一个朋友提到，在我们的社区里，越来越多的人试图自杀。"由下文"the grwing number f peple trying t kill themselves in ur cmmunity"可知，此处指一个朋友提到，在"我"们的社区里，越来越多的人试图自杀，故选A。
（5）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.farmer农民；B.dctr医生；C.fficer官员；D.inventr发明家。我不是一个医生。根据下文I didn't knw f anyne （6）thughts f self-harm.What culd I d？可知是医生。故选B。
（6）D.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.lking int调查；B.sticking t坚持；C.pinting t指向；D.suffering frm遭受。句意：我不知道有人会有自残的念头。由下文"thughts f self-harm"可知，此处指Wlff不知道有人遭受自残想法的折磨，故选D。
（7）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.infrmatin信息；B.idea 主意；C.decisin决定；D.attentin注意力。句意：然后Wlff想到一个主意，即要在人们的院子里，树立令人鼓励的标牌。由下文"t start planting encuraging signs in peple's yards"可知，Wlf想到一个主意—要在人们的院子里，树立令人鼓励的标牌，故选B。
（8）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.drs门；B.signs标志；C.windws窗户；D.walls墙。句意：在接下来的两周里，她和她的孩子们开始在Oregn的Newburg镇挨家挨户敲门，询问他们是否可以竖起标牌，写上"不要放弃"和"你的错误不能定义你"。由上文"kncking at peple's""可知，此处指挨家挨户敲门，故选A。
（9）B.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.pick up拾起；B.put up建造；挂；张贴；C.send up发射；D.bring up提出。句意：在接下来的两周里，她和她的孩子们开始在Oregn的Newburg镇挨家挨户敲门，询问他们是否可以竖起标牌，写上"不要放弃"和"你的错误不能定义你"。由上文"Thusands f encuraging radside signs have been planted（安放）"和本处"if they culd（10）signs with messages like "Dn't Give Up"and"Yur Mistakes Dn't Define Yu"."可知，Wlf和孩子们开始挨家挨户敲门，询问他们是否可以竖起（安放）鼓励性标语，故选B。
（10）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.Benefit使受益；B.Define界定，解释；C.Repair修理；D.Prepare准备。你的错误不能定义你。故选B。
（11）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.sending发送；B.bserving观察；C.ignring忽视；D.receiving得到。句意：然后Wlff开始收到社区里其他人想买这些标牌的信息。由下文"messages frm"可知，此处指Wlff开始收到一些人想买这些标牌的信息，故选D。
（12）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.clean清理；B.prduce制造；C.buy买；D.measure测量。句意：然后Wlff开始收到社区里其他人想买这些标牌的信息。由下文"peple in the cmmunity""可知，此处指社区里想买的人，故选C。
（13）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.recrded记录；B.accepted接受；C.created创造；D.cvered覆盖。句意：那天晚上，Wlff的丈夫创建了一个网站，出售这些标牌。由下文"website t sell the signs"可知，Wlff的丈夫创建了一个网站，出售这些标牌，故选C。
（14）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.implitely礼貌地；B.widely广泛地；C.passively被动地；D.cautiusly谨慎地。句意："一年之内，达拉斯、波士顿、马萨诸塞州和波特兰的新闻媒体就广泛报道了我们的行动"，她补充说。由上文"we had news media in Dallas,Bstn.Massachusetts,and Prtland cver ur mvement"可知，很多地方在报道，所以—些新闻媒体广泛地报道Wlff在社区里安放标牌的行动，故选B。
（15）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.discvered发现；B.impressed使铭记；C.annunced宣布；D.spread传播。句意：自从两年前她安放了第一块标牌，她用六种语言向美国50个州和许多国家传播了这一组织鼓励人心的信息。由下文"the rganizatin's messages f （16）t all 50 US states and many cuntries in six languages"可知，Wlf她用六种语言向美国50个州和许多国家传播了这一组织的信息，故选D。
（16）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.achievement成就；B.explanatin解释；C.encuragement鼓励；D.amusement娱乐。句意：自从两年前她安放了第一块标牌，她用六种语言向美国50个州和许多国家传播了这一组织鼓励人心的信息。由第一段第一句话中的"encuraging radside signs"可知，此处指Wlff创办的组织传播鼓舞人心的信息，故选C。
（17）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.reward奖励；B.prject项目；C.clumns栏目；D.messages信息。句意：五月是心理健康宣传月，Wlff从广告牌主人那里收到的信息很有意义。由下文"that Wlff has received frm sign wners"可知，此处指Wlff从广告牌主人那里收到的信息，故选D。
（18）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.negative消极的；B.disappinting令人失望的；C.meaningful有意义的；D.useful有用的。句意：五月是心理健康宣传月，Wlff从广告牌主人那里收到的信息很有意义。由下文"Her sn had tried t kill himself and these signs were in the yard the day they came hme frm the hspital."可知，女人的儿子想自杀，对于Wlf在她院子里安装了这个令人鼓舞的标牌，女人应该是感激的，可得出Wlff从广告牌主人那里收到的信息对她来说是很有意义，故选C。
（19）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.writes书写；B.reads物体表面写着（用眼看的）；C.speaks说；D.reprts报告。句意：一条来自Frank的信息是这样写的"刚刚有个女人敲了我的门。"标识、说明、信息等写着什么字要用read,这是外国人的习惯用法。由上下文"One message frm Frank（19）："just had a wman knck at my dr. "可知，此处指条来自Frank的信息写着，"刚网有个女人敲了我的门。"故选B。
（20）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.thank感谢；B.excuse原谅；C.apprach接近；D.invite 邀请。句意：她哭了起来，感谢我在院子里贴的标牌。由下文"Her sn had tried t kill himself and these signs were in the yard the day they came hme frm the hspital."可知，女人的儿子想自杀，所以她很感谢Wlff在她院子里安装了这个令人鼓舞的标牌，故选A。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫Amy Wlff的女性通过在社区里安装令人鼓舞的标牌，来帮助那些试图想自杀的人们。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
41.【答案】【小题1】
a
【小题2】
which/that
【小题3】
birds'
【小题4】
t understand
【小题5】
will be
【小题6】
typically
【小题7】
maintenance
【小题8】
themselves
【小题9】
satisfied
【小题10】
with
【解析】1.
句意：每个物种都有一种使用肢体语言和发声进行交流的独特的方式。way是可数名词，此处泛指“一种独特的方式”，unique以辅音音素开头，故填a。
2.
空格处引导限制性定语从句，修饰sme things，指物，在从句中作宾语，用关系代词which或者that引导。
3. 句意：如果你注意你的鸟的经常性习惯，你就能识别出它们什么时候改变了。根据句意可知。表示“你的鸟的经常性习惯”，所以用名词所有格。且根据后文 will be able t identify when they have changed中的they可知bird应使用复数形式，故填birds'。
4.
分析句子可知，空处用不定式作目的状语，故填t understand。
5.
分析句子可知，if引导的条件状语从句，时态遵循主将从现，因此主句用一般将来时，故填will be。
6.
修饰动词are用副词作状语，故填typically。
7.
句意：洗澡是鸟类羽毛保养的重要组成部分。根据句意，这里指的是羽毛保养，要用maintain的名词形式，故填maintenance。
8.
句意：如果你的鸟儿停止自己洗澡，那就表明它们不再照顾自己了。第二个that引导同位语从句，根据句意，从句的主语和宾语指代同一事物，宾语用反身代词，故填themselves。
9.
句意：一只满足的鸟可能会喋喋不休或交谈。分析句子可知，that引导定语从句，指代A bird,根据句意，表示“鸟是满足的”，用satisfied（满足的）说明感受，故填satisfied。
10.
句意：事实上，如果你花时间和它们在一起，当你走近它们时，它们很可能会叫得更欢。此处表示“与……在一起”，用介词with。
42.【答案】Reading is my favrite hbby.I can never stp the lve fr because bks are like wise teachers as well as gd friends in my life.As we all knw,bks are the surce f .I benefit a great deal f frm reading.There are bks fr me t chse frm,like histry bks,science bks,literary bks and s n.What interests me mst is literary bks, thse written by famus writers.Fr first thing,they help t imprve my writing skills braden my hrizns.Fr anther, can enrich my life and me with great fun.Isn't it∧ pleasure t have great calm in mind while reading？
详解：
（1）read改为reading.考查动名词做宾语。句意：我无法停止对阅读的喜欢，因为书既是我生命中的良师，又是我的好朋友。此处意为"对……的喜爱"，表达为the lve fr ding sth.。故将read改为reading。
（2）knwledges改为knwledge.考查不可数名词。句意：众所周知，书是知识的源泉。此处knwledge为不可名词，没有复数形式。故将knwledges改为knwledge。
（3）去掉f.考查介词。句意：从阅读中，我获益很多。此处意为"获益很多"，表达为benefit a great deal,f后要跟宾语，此处为副词短语。修饰动词benefit。故去掉f。
（4）variusly改为varius.考查形容词。句意：有各种各样的书可供我们选择。修饰名词bks用形容词varius"各种各样的"。故将variusly改为varius。
（5）especial改为especially.考查副词。句意：最让我感兴趣的是文学书，尤其是由著名作家写的那些书。此处意为"尤其是，特别是"，应用副词。故将especial改为especially。
（6）first改成ne.考查数词。句意：首先，它帮助我提高我的写作能力，并开阔我的眼界。使用短语fr ne thing意思为"首先"，故将first改成ne。
（7）but改为and.考查连词。句意：首先，它帮助我提高我的写作能力，并开阔我的眼界。表示并列关系，用and。故将but改为and。
（8）it改为they.考查代词。句意：另一方面，他们可以丰富我的生活，并为我带来乐趣。用they指代the bks。故将it改为they。
（9）prvided改为prvide.考查动词。句意：另一方面，他们可以丰富我的生活，并为我带来乐趣。和enrich并列，用动词原形prvide。故将prvided改为prvide。
（10）pleasure前加上a.考查冠词。句意：阅读时，享受内心的平静难道不是一件令人快乐的事吗？此处pleasure是抽象名词具体化，泛指"一件令人快乐的事"，应用不定冠词，且pleasure是以辅音音素开头，故在pleasure前加上a。
【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了阅读的好处。
考查短文改错。学生首先要懂得分析句子结构，二是知道充当各个句子成分的词类或记性，并且注意人称代词，从句的引导词，名词单复数，和对全文时态的把握，对于一些固定搭配，平时的学习中要注意积累。
43.【答案】Cllect used bks n campus
I am in charge f a schl prject f cllecting used bks n campus which I find really rewarding.【高分句型一】Here are sme details f the prject.（话题）
The aim f the prject is t dnate bks t a primary schl in a small village utside the twn.【高分句型二】Meanwhile,it's als aimed t prtect the envirnment by recycling ld bks.Bth the students and the teachers n campus participated in the prject.（项目的目的和意义）What's mre,sme f the graduates als came back and gave away their bks.All the bks cllected were t enlarge the cllectin f the primary schl's library.There were tw activities in this prject,bk dnatin and charity bazaar f ld bks.Bth achieved great success in cllecting used bks.（项目开展的成功经验）
I hpe mre and mre students will take part in the activities in the fllwing days.（呼吁大家积极参加）
【解析】高分句型一：I am in charge f a schl prject f cllecting used bks n campus which I find really rewarding.
译文：我负责一个学校项目，在校园里收集二手书，我觉得这很有价值。
分析：这句话使用了which引导定语从句。
高分句型二：The aim f the prject is t dnate bks t a primary schl in a small village utside the twn.
译文：该项目的目的是向城外一个小村庄的一所小学捐赠书籍。
分析：这句话使用了不定式t dnate bks作表语。
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