2023届高考英语二轮复习分词作状语课件

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习分词作状语课件，共18页。PPT课件主要包含了分词的时态语态变化表等内容，欢迎下载使用。

在英语中，当名词有多个形容词修饰时，就有它们的先后顺序。 下面的口诀可帮你记住这一先后顺序，也是解题的关键。限定描绘大长高， 形状年龄和新老； 颜色国籍跟材料， 作用类别往后靠；“限定词”包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词，它位 于各类形容词前。它本身分为三位，艮卩：前、中、后。前位限 定词有all、half、bth、分数和倍数；中位限定词有冠词、指示 代词、物主代词等；后位限定词有基数词和序数词，但序数词 位于基数词前。如:bth my hands、all half his incme等。“描绘”性形容词如：beautiful、bad、cld、great等。“大长高”表示大小、长短、高低等一些词。表示“形状”的词如：rund square等。“国籍"指一个国家或地区的词。“材料”的词如：wden, wlen, stne,silk等。“作用类别”的词如：medical, cllege，writing desk，plice
如果你记住Opshacm这个为帮助记忆而杜撰的词,就能掌握英 语中形容词排列的顺序。Opshacm中p代表pinin,指表示人们观点的形容词，如beautiful, hrrible， lvely，nice等；sh代表shape，指表示形状的形容词，如lng，shrt，rund, narrw 等；a代表age，指表示年龄、时代的形容词，如ld，new，yun等；c代表clur，指表示颜色的形容词，如red,black, range等；。代表rigin，指表示国籍、地区的形容词，如British，Canadian， German 等；m代表material，指表示材料的形容词，如plastic, metal，wden。 英语中这六类形容词连用时就按上述先后顺序排列，如a nice lng new black British plastic pen当然，实际语言使用中不可能 出现这么多形容词连用的情况。
•动词的谓语形式既有单复数，又有时态、语态上的变化。He is a student.（可单独作谓语）This will be finished tmrrw.Mary went shpping yesterday.•非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词，形容词或副词作用的动词形式, 而不是作谓语的动词形式。无单复数，但有时态和语态变化。不能 单独作谓语。其三种形式为：注：非谓语动词的否定形式,nt皆置于其前.nt t d/ding/dne
注：1）分词分现在分词和过去分词。2）现在分词在时态上分一般式和完成式。一般式（ding）表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时或基本同时发生。 完成式（having dne）表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。
Being a student, he was interested in bks.Having studied in the university fr 3 years, he knws the place very well.3）现在分词在语态上分主动和被动。
The questin being discussed is imprtant.Having been criticized by the teacher, Li Ming gave up smking.4）过去分词本身就既可表示在谓语动词之前发生的动作，又含有被动意义。
分词/分词短语作状语分词或分词短语作状语，相当于一个状语 从句或并列句。可以表示时间（when, while, nce, until），原因 （as，since, because），结果 （s that），条件（if， unless），让步 （thugh，even if）等（这时可用状语从句 取代）；还表示行为方式、伴随状况等（可用并 列句替代）。
状语从句改为分词短语做状语的条件是：主句与从句的主语要一致。然后，再考虑以下几点：1. 此时，可以省略从句中的连词、主语及助动词，将从句中 的谓语动词改为分词形式。2. 从句中的连词 若是when, while, where, as if, even if, althugh， nce, unless, until, 可以保留该连词。3. 在该分词的时态和语态上，分以下几种情况：(1)从句中的主语和谓语动词成主动关系，并且主从句动作(基本)同时发生时，即用现在分词的一般式:dingWhen they heard the news, they all danced fr jy.When hearing/Hearing the news, they all danced fr jy.
Exercises:Because I am a student, I must study hard.Being a student, I must study hard.If yu exercise every mrning, yu'll imprve yur health.(If) Exercising every mrning,…Althugh I admit what yu say, I still think yu are wrng.(Althugh) Admitting what yu say,…The children ran ut f the rm, and laughed and talked ，laughing and talking merrily.Flwers danced in the gentle breeze as if they were giving encuragement t the peple wrking in the , as if giving ...
(2)从句中的主语和谓语动词成主动关系,并且从句动作在主句 动作之前发生或从句中的谓语本来就是完成时，即用现在分词的 完成式：having dneBecause he had lived in the city fr years, he knew it very well.Having lived in the city fr years, he knew it very well.Once yu have made a prmise, yu shuld keep it.(Once) Having made a prmise,…Althugh he has never been there befre, he fund the huse withut any difficulty.(Althugh) Never having been there befre,・ she hadn't received his letter, she decided t write again.Nt having received his letter, ・
(3)从句中的主语和谓语动词成被动关系，从句的谓语 时态是进行时，并且主从句动作(基本)同时发生时，即 用现在分词的一般式的被动语态：being dneWhen yu are being talked t, yu shuld lk int the eyes f the persn.(When) Being talked t, yu...(4)从句中的主语和谓语动词成被动关系，从句的谓语动作 发生在主句动作之前，即用现在分词的完成式的被动语态： having been dne (一般不用 dne)If I had been given mre time, I wuld have dne it better.
Having been given mre time, I ・..
(5)从句中的主语和谓语动词成被动关系，并且主从句 动作(基本)同时发生时，即用过去分词：dneWhen it is heated, water changes int steam.(When) Heated, water changes int steam.Because it is filled with excitement, this is mre than a nvel abut war at sea.Filled with excitement,..・If we are united, we stand; if we are divided, we fall.(If) United, we stand; (if) divided, we fall.Althugh he was wunded, the brave sldier cntinued t fight.(Althugh) Wunded,…The teacher std there and was surrunded by the students.The teacher std there surrunded by the students.
自我测试：1. mre attentin, the tree culd have grwn better. A. Given B. T give C. Giving D. Having given. 2. The cmputer center, last year, is very ppular amng the students in this schl.A. pen B. pening C. having pened D. pened 3. The first textbks fr teaching English as a freign language came ut in the 16th century. A. having written B. t be written C. being written D. written
4. is thught, he almst ran int the car in frnt f him. A. Lsing B. Having lst C. Lst D. T lse 5. the general state f his health, it may take him a while t recver frm the peratin. A.Given B.T give C.Giving D.Having given6. such heavy pllutin already, it may nw be t late t clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. T suffer D. Suffered
7. The researcher is s designed that nce nthing can be dne t change it. A. begins B. having begun D. beginning D. begun 8. in 1636, Harvard is ne f the mst famus universities in the United States. A. Being funded B. It was funded C. Funded D. Funding 9. When , the museum will be pen t the public next year. A. cmpleted B. cmpleting C. being cmpleted D. t be cmpleted
10. Prices f daily gds thrugh a cmputer can be lwer than stre prices. A. are bught B. bught C. been bught D. buying 11. Dn’t use wrds, expressins, r phrases nly t peple with specific knwledge. A. being knwn B. having been knwn C. t be knwn D. knwn 12. Unless t speak, yu shuld remain silent at the cnference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited
13. Friendship is like mney: easier made than .A. kept B. t be kept C. keeping D. having kept 14. Mr. Smith, f the speech, started t read a nvel. A. tired; bring B. tiring; bred C. tired; bred D. tiring; bring 15. time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.A. Having given B. T give C. Giving D. Given