湖南省长沙市第一中学2022-2023学年高三下学期月考卷（六）英语试题含解析

这是一份湖南省长沙市第一中学2022-2023学年高三下学期月考卷（六）英语试题含解析，共36页。试卷主要包含了 5分，满分7， 15， Dr等内容，欢迎下载使用。
 长沙市一中2023届高三月考试卷(六)
英语
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the speakers probably do?
A. Stay at home.
B. Go to the store.
C. Drive to their parents’ home.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Mom just called. She can’t make it this afternoon because she is too tired. Dad said he will still come over after he stops at the store.
M: Let’s drive over to their place instead.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What do we know about the man?
A. He lost his car.
B. He was hurt by a truck.
C. His car was damaged in an accident.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Oh, John, what’s wrong with your car?
M: I crashed into the truck in front of me when I tried to turn left.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. See a doctor.
B. Rest for a few days.
C. Put ice on her knee.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: My knee still hurts from falling on the ice yesterday. I wonder if I broke something.
M: I’m not a doctor, but it’s not black and blue or anything. Maybe you just need to lie in bed for a few days.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where did the speakers just come from?
A. The school cafeteria. B. A classroom. C. A theater.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: That was a good movie! I thought the acting was fantastic. Do you still have popcorn left?
W: No, I left it inside. Let’s hurry. We need to catch the bus if we want to make it to our French class on time.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much money did the woman have at first?
A. $5. B. $12. C. $17.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Could you lend me some money?
W: Sure. But I have only five dollars in my pocket. I just spent seven dollars on a tape.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. How does the woman feel without a phone at night?
A. More forgetful. B. More anxious. C. More relaxed.
7. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Strangers.
【答案】6. C 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Don’t forget about the new schedule on Monday. Should I call you on Sunday to remind you?
W: All right, thanks. But please call me before dinner. I never use my phone after 7:00. I used to, and it made me so anxious that I couldn’t sleep.
M: I would feel more anxious without my phone! Have you noticed a difference since you followed your new rule?
W: Now I sleep like a baby!
M: I’ve never understood that expression. My wife and I have a one-year-old son. He screams all night and then wants to play at 5:00 in the morning!
W: Yes, when I started out at the company like you, I also had a young child. I know what you mean!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. What is Julie interested in?
A. Music. B. Business. C. Math.
9. What does Julie think of computer programming?
A. Fun. B. Difficult. C. Boring.
10. What will Julie probably do finally?
A. Take the man’s advice.
B. Study what she’s interested in.
C. Talk with her school director.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Dad, I was talking with my school director today.
M: Oh, good. What did she recommend? Majoring in business?
W: Not really.
M: Then what did you talk about?
W: Ah, well…I’m thinking about studying music.
M: Music? Ah…Julie, trust me: you’ll never get a job that way.
W: But, Dad, that’s what I’m interested in.
M: Well, interests are fine, but you have to plan to study something useful, like business.
W: Business? Dad, I hate business.
M: Well, why don’t you study computer programming? You’re good at math and computer science.
W: Computer programming? That’s so boring.
M: Well, Julie, you’ re going to have to think about this a little more. College is your way to get a good job.
W: But Dad, college is a way for me to learn more about what I’m interested in. So, I still want to choose music as my major.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11. Where might the speakers be now?
A. At home. B. In a supermarket. C. At the post office.
12. How much did the speakers spend on the stamps?
A. $ 1. 99. B. $3. 50. C. $ 5. 90.
13. How does the woman feel at the end?
A. Satisfied. B. Guilty. C. Angry.
【答案】11. A 12. B 13. A
【解析】
【原文】W: OK, put the bags in the kitchen. I want to add up what we spent.
M: I think we spent too much.
W: Well, it’s better to have good food than to buy cheap things. And the supermarket is cheaper than the local store.
M: But we have to travel farther that way.
W: I still think it makes sense.
M: Well, let’s see what we’ve got here. Do you have the receipts?
W: Yes, here they are. Remember, we went to the post office as well. I bought a book of 12 stamps, and that was three dollars and fifty cents.
M: And we sent Ingrid’s letter by airmail.
W: Yes, that was quite expensive—two dollars and forty cents.
M: So, we need to add on five dollars and ninety cents to our supermarket bill.
W: We bought a lot of nice things, though. Look at these lovely strawberries.
M: How much were they?
W: One dollar and ninety-nine cents.
M: We bought cream to go with them. That was a bit much.
W: Only eighty cents for a big box…We deserve it. We work hard!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14. What does the woman do for a living?
A. She’s a hostess. B. She’s a director. C. She’s a movie star.
15. Where was the man first discovered by James Cameron?
A. At a farm. B. At a bank. C. At a theater.
16. At what age did the man star in a commercial?
A. At 10. B. At 12. C. At 20.
17. What does the man plan to do with his income from the third film?
A. Donate it to charity.
B. Buy his family a farm.
C. Get himself something.
【答案】14. A 15. B 16. B 17. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Thank you for sitting down with me today, Martin.
M: Thank you for having me, Mary.
W: You have a pretty interesting story, don’t you?
M: Yes, I came from a small farming town in Nebraska. My family was poor, and the bank was threatening to take our land.
W: I’m so sorry. So, then what happened?
M: I remember my dad brought me with him to the bank. He thought they would lend us some money if they felt sorry for me.
W: That’s when you met James Cameron for the first time.
M: That’s right. I didn’t even know he was a famous director at the time. But he said I was perfect for a movie he was filming.
W: I remember you doing a TV advertisement. You must have been around 10 years old.
M: I was two years older than that. I’ve always looked young for my age.
W: Now you are 20, and you already have millions of dollars. What are you going to do with the money from your third film?
M: Well I bought the farm after the first one, and I donated money to build a school after the second. I might do something a little more selfish this time.
W: If anyone deserves it, it’s you. Thank you for joining us, Martin.
M: It’s my pleasure.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

18. How old was the speaker when he fell into the water?
A. 5 years old. B. 10 years old. C. 15 years old.
19. What was the reason for the speaker’s unpleasant childhood?
A. Strict school rules.
B. A frightening experience.
C. His fear of making friends.
20. How did the speaker’s life change?
A. By becoming a teacher.
B. By learning how to swim.
C. By saving a girl from the water.
【答案】18. A 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Ronnie, let me tell you something. I, too, was afraid of water when I was young. I was walking on the beach with my family one day when I was five years old. All of a sudden, a large wave came over us and pulled me deep into the water. A lifeguard rescued me, but it was a frightening experience. For 10 years, I was too afraid to go in the sea. How do you think other people felt about me? My family understood, but my friends all thought I was a coward. If I had to go to the beach for a school trip, I would feel left out. Not only could I not swim, but I was also too shy to play games on the sand. Finally, when I was 15, something happened that changed everything. I was looking out at the sea on one of those school trips and saw a little girl playing in the shallow water. Then all of a sudden, she was gone. I raced to where I had last seen her and saw her under the water. I pulled her out and helped her breathe again. The water wasn’t deep for me, but she had fallen in a place where it was over her head. From that moment on, my fear of water changed into a desire to help other people learn how to swim. That’s when I knew I wanted to be a swimming teacher.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
As smoke poured through the halls of a New York City high-rise on Sunday, killing 17 people in the Bronx, tenants (租客) were faced with a life-or-death decision: Should they stay put or try to escape? According to the National Fire Protection Association, just what you should do in a fire, though, depends partly on the design of the building and where the fire is.
EXIT PLAN
Generally, people should exit a burning building if safe to do so. They should feel doors before opening them, leaving them closed and looking for another way out if they are hot to the touch. Residents should shut all doors behind them to prevent the spread of smoke and fire. They should be sure to take their keys with them in case they have to return to their apartments. In most high-rise buildings, the nearest stairwell is the emergency exit.
FIREPROOF BUILDINGS
Every apartment in New York City is required to have a notice posted on the door saying whether the building is considered fireproof or not, based on the way it was constructed. Those notices instruct people living in fireproof, high-rise buildings not to exit, but instead shelter in place unless the fire is in their own apartment.
Residents who shelter in place should use wet towels, wet sheets or tape to seal doors and prevent smoke from entering. They should call 911 to alert firefighters that they are trapped and give their exact location. Trapped residents can open windows narrowly for fresh air or to signal to firefighters, but they should not break their windows. That can allow smoke to pour in from outside, leaving them with no way to keep it out.
SMOKE VS. FIRE
Most fire deaths are not caused by burns, but by smoke. Homes today tend to contain a lot of products made with chemical fibers that burn at high temperatures, helping fires spread rapidly. They also generate poisonous gases that can overcome people within moments, which can cause organ damage.
PREPARATION IS KEY
Homes need good, working smoke detectors that are checked often. In addition, residents need to have an escape plan and practice that plan. In an apartment building, residents need to ask the building manager about the emergency protections.
21. For what purpose should you feel the door when exiting?
A. To open it smoothly. B. To shut it strongly.
C. To avoid getting burnt. D. To check the keys.
22. What should you do when trapped in a burning building?
A. Report to firefighters. B. Keep windows close.
C. Point out the landmarks. D. Listen to the tapes.
23. Which will the author most probably agree to?
A. Most people usually die of burns in a fire.
B. Exit a burning building as soon as possible.
C. Awareness of emergency protections is a must.
D. Chemical fibers slow down the spread of fire.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。由纽约的大火引入，重点介绍了火灾逃生时应该采取的一系列措施。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“They should feel doors before opening them, leaving them closed and looking for another way out if they are hot to the touch. (在打开门之前，他们应该先摸摸门，如果门摸起来很热，就把它关着，寻找另一条出路。)”可知，在打开门之前，他们应该先感受门的温度，如果是热的，就可以判断里面有火情。为了避免烧伤，应另寻出路。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第二三句“They should call 911 to alert firefighters that they are trapped and give their exact location. Trapped residents can open windows narrowly for fresh air or to signal to firefighters, but they should not break their windows. (他们应该拨打911报警，告知消防员他们被困的确切位置。被困居民可以打开窗户呼吸新鲜空气或向消防员发出信号，但不应打破窗户。)”可知，要向消防员报告险情。故选A。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Homes need good, working smoke detectors that are checked often. In addition, residents need to have an escape plan and practice that plan. In an apartment building, residents need to ask the building manager about the emergency protections. (家庭需要良好的，正常工作的烟雾探测器，经常检查。此外，居民需要有一个逃生计划，并实施该计划。在公寓大楼里，居民需要向大楼管理员询问紧急保护措施。)”可知，经常检查烟雾探测器、有逃生计划以及向大楼管理员询问紧急保护措施等等，这些都是说明必须有紧急保护意识。故选C。
B
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Sweden-born geneticist Svante Pääbo, recognizing him for discoveries related to the genomes (基因组) of extinct human groups that cast light on the genetic characteristics unique to present-day humans. The committee said Dr. Pääbo overcame challenges in recovering and analyzing ancient DNA to sequence (测序) the genome of the Neanderthal, an extinct relative of present-day humans. He also discovered a previously unknown human relative, called the Denisova.
Before Dr. Pääbo’s research, understanding of Neanderthals came from analysis of the features of ancient bone remains and from studies of tools and other archaeological artifacts (史前古器物). Dr. Pääbo’s work made it possible to precisely analyze the genetic characteristics of Neanderthals and helped illustrate how different types of humans mixed on the planet during periods of coexistence. Dr. Pääbo’s discoveries have laid the groundwork for research on how ancient gene sequences from extinct relatives influence the function of present-day humans. One example is a gene common among present-day Tibetans that makes those people better adapted to life at high altitude. It can be traced to the Denisovan genome.
Early in his career, Dr. Pääbo became focused on using advanced modern genetic techniques to study the DNA of Neanderthals. But DNA degrades over time meaning that, for ancient specimens (样本), only small amounts are left. When he worked in the University of Munich, he successfully sequenced DNA from a 40,000-year-old piece of bone. The DNA in question was so-called mitochondrial (线粒体的) DNA, a form of genetic material that is shorter, but more plentiful, than the extensive DNA found in the center of a cell. He went on to help establish the Max Planck Institute in Germany, where his research group continued to improve those methods with the aim of sequencing ever larger parts of an ancient genome. Those efforts ended in 2010.
Around the same time, the Max Planck group discovered that a 40,000-year-old finger bone found in the Denisova cave in the southern part of Siberia was unique when compared with all known sequences from Neanderthals and present-day humans. It marked the first time that a new type of human had been identified using only ancient DNA.
24. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?
A. How Dr. Pääbo conducted the research.
B. What breakthroughs Dr. Pääbo has made.
C. How the committee contacted Dr. Pääbo.
D. Why Dr. Pääbo researched ancient genomes.
25. How is Dr. Pääbo’s research different from the previous?
A. Comparing features of genes accurately.
B. Illustrating different mixtures of bones.
C. Collecting many ancient bone remains.
D. Distinguish all living humans at present.
26. What challenge did Dr. Pääbo overcome during the process of research?
A. Considerable specimens. B. Poor genetic techniques.
C. Different research groups. D. Limited DNA information.
27. What’s the possible significance of Dr. Pääbo’s discovery?
A. Analyzing why present-day humans are better adapted to life.
B. Identifying a new human kind by using modern DNA specimens.
C. Providing the basis for exploring gene sequences unique to humans.
D. Innovating the method for discovering more extinct human relatives.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一则新闻报道。主要报道了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予瑞典出生的遗传学家Svante Pääbo，表彰他与已灭绝人类群体基因组有关的发现，这些发现揭示了现代人类特有的遗传特征，为探索人类特有的基因序列提供了基础。。
【24题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Sweden-born geneticist Svante Pääbo, recognizing him for discoveries related to the genomes of extinct human groups that cast light on the genetic characteristics unique to present-day humans. The committee said Dr. Pääbo overcame challenges in recovering and analyzing ancient DNA to sequence the genome of the Neanderthal, an extinct relative of present-day humans. He also discovered a previously unknown human relative, called the Denisova.”（诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予瑞典出生的遗传学家Svante Pääbo，表彰他与已灭绝人类群体基因组有关的发现，这些发现揭示了现代人类特有的遗传特征。委员会表示，Pääbo博士克服了恢复和分析古代DNA的挑战，对现代人已灭绝的近亲尼安德特人的基因组进行了测序。他还发现了一个以前不为人知的人类亲属，叫做丹尼索瓦人。）可知，第一段主要讲了Pääbo博士取得了哪些突破。故选B项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Before Dr. Pääbo’s research, understanding of Neanderthals came from analysis of the features of ancient bone remains and from studies of tools and other archaeological artifacts. Dr. Pääbo’s work made it possible to precisely analyze the genetic characteristics of Neanderthals and helped illustrate how different types of humans mixed on the planet during periods of coexistence.”（在Pääbo博士的研究之前，对尼安德特人的了解来自于对古代骨骼遗迹特征的分析，以及对工具和其他考古文物的研究。Pääbo博士的工作使精确分析尼安德特人的遗传特征成为可能，并有助于说明不同类型的人类在共存时期是如何在地球上混合的。）可知，Pääbo博士的研究与以往不同是他能准确比较基因特征。故选A项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Early in his career, Dr. Pääbo became focused on using advanced modern genetic techniques to study the DNA of Neanderthals. But DNA degrades over time meaning that, for ancient specimens (样本), only small amounts are left. When he worked in the University of Munich, he successfully sequenced DNA from a 40,000-year-old piece of bone.”（在他职业生涯的早期，Pääbo博士开始专注于使用先进的现代遗传技术来研究尼安德特人的DNA。但DNA会随着时间的推移而降解，这意味着，对于古代样本，只剩下少量的DNA。）可推知，Pääbo博士在研究过程中克服了有限的DNA信息的困难。故选D项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Sweden-born geneticist Svante Pääbo, recognizing him for discoveries related to the genomes of extinct human groups that cast light on the genetic characteristics unique to present-day humans.”（诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予瑞典出生的遗传学家Svante Pääbo，表彰他与已灭绝人类群体基因组有关的发现，这些发现揭示了现代人类特有的遗传特征。）以及第二段中“Dr. Pääbo’s discoveries have laid the groundwork for research on how ancient gene sequences from extinct relatives influence the function of present-day humans.”（Pääbo博士的发现为研究来自已灭绝亲属的古老基因序列如何影响现代人类的功能奠定了基础。）可推知，Pääbo博士的发现为探索人类特有的基因序列提供了基础。故选C项。
C
Football fans can hardly accuse Qatar of being tight-fisted. The Arab state has reportedly spent $ 300bn in the 12 years since it won the rights to host the men’s World Cup. It only expects the tournament to invest $ 17bn back into its economy. Much of that spending has gone into building infrastructure, including an advanced new metro system built to accommodate the 1.5m visitors expected to show up to football’s biggest party. Organisers insist all the construction will serve a purpose even after the final goals are scored.
Between 1964 and 2018, 31 out of 36 big events (such as World Cups or Summer and Winter Olympics) suffered heavy losses, according to researchers at the University of Lausanne. Of the 14 World Cups they analyzed, only one has ever been profitable: Russia’s in 2018 generated a surplus (盈余)of ＄235m, buoyed by a huge deal for broadcasting rights. Still, the tournament only managed a 4.6% return on investment. [The data for Mexico’s World Cup in 1986 is incomplete. It probably ran a deficit (赤字).]
Almost all the main expenses fall on the host country. FIFA, the sport’s governing body, covers only operational costs. Yet it takes home most of the revenue (收入): ticket sales, sponsorships and broadcasting rights go into its coffers (金库). The last World Cup, for instance, scored FIFA a cool $5.4bn, part of which is then transferred to national teams.
The Lausanne data only includes expenses related to venues, such as constructing a stadium, and logistics (后勤), such as staffing costs. It ignores the value of indirect projects, like Qatar’s metro infrastructure and new hotels. Some infrastructure projects make economies more productive in the long term.
Residents of host cities have begun questioning the benefits of their governments spending billions of dollars on large sporting events. As a result, fewer countries are volunteering as hosts. Seven cities bid to host the Summer Olympic Games in 2016; for 2024 there were only two eventual bidders.
These huge costs are new to the sporting world. The World Cup in 1966, featuring 16 teams, cost around $ 200,000 per footballer (in 2018 prices). In 2018, that figure jumped to $ 7m. Costs have been driven by building more new stadiums for every tournament. In Qatar, seven of the eight stadiums have been built from scratch; in 1966 England did not build any.
28. What does Qatar expect the event to do?
A. Show the economic power. B. Improve future productivity.
C. Please global football fans. D. Make up for the investment.
29. What does the underlined word “buoyed” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Backed. B. Increased. C. Controlled. D. Treated.
30 Who will mainly benefit from the football event financially?
A. FIFA. B. Local government.
C. The host country. D. International teams.
31. Why is this tournament in Qatar so costly?
A. Because of maintaining seven new stadiums.
B. Because it makes the least profit from the event.
C. Because of the improving cost of each footballer.
D. Because of building new infrastructure and courts.
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. A 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章从经济的角度分析了卡塔尔举办的世界杯。从历届世界杯举办国的情况来看，没有太多的盈利，更多的是亏损。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It only expects the tournament to invest $ 17bn back into its economy. Much of that spending has gone into building infrastructure, including an advanced new metro system built to accommodate the 1.5m visitors expected to show up to football’s biggest party. Organisers insist all the construction will serve a purpose even after the final goals are scored. (预计世界杯仅将为其经济带来170亿美元的投资。大部分支出用于基础设施建设，包括一个先进的新地铁系统，该系统旨在容纳预计将出现在足球最大派对上的150万游客。组织者坚称，在最后的进球完成后，所有的建筑都将发挥作用)”及第四段中的“Some infrastructure projects make economies more productive in the long term.(从长远来看，一些基础设施项目可以提高经济的生产力)”可推知，卡塔尔根本没指望世界杯能盈利，而是希望这项赛事能提高未来的生产力。故选B。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Of the 14 World Cups they analyzed, only one has ever been profitable: Russia’s in 2018 generated a surplus (盈余)of ＄235m (在他们分析的14届世界杯中，只有一届是盈利的：2018年俄罗斯世界杯产生了2.35亿美元的盈余)”及下文“by a huge deal for broadcasting rights(通过一笔巨大的转播权交易)”可知，2018年俄罗斯世界杯能够盈利，是因为它有巨大的转播权交易支持。由此可知，划线词buoyed与backed(支持)意思接近。故选A。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Almost all the main expenses fall on the host country. FIFA, the sport’s governing body, covers only operational costs. Yet it takes home most of the revenue (收入): ticket sales, sponsorships and broadcasting rights go into its coffers (金库). The last World Cup, for instance, scored FIFA a cool $5.4bn, part of which is then transferred to national teams. (几乎所有的主要开支都由东道国承担。这项运动的管理机构国际足联（FIFA）只承担运营成本。然而，它将大部分收入都收入囊中：门票销售、赞助和转播权。例如，上届世界杯为国际足联带来了54亿美元的收入，其中一部分转移给了各国国家队)”可知，国际足联将主要从足球赛事中获得经济利益。故选A。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Much of that spending has gone into building infrastructure, including an advanced new metro system built to accommodate the 1.5m visitors expected to show up to football’s biggest party.(大部分支出用于基础设施建设，包括一个先进的新地铁系统，该系统旨在容纳预计将出现在足球最大派对上的150万游客)”和最后一段中的“Costs have been driven by building more new stadiums for every tournament. In Qatar, seven of the eight stadiums have been built from scratch; in 1966 England did not build any.(每届赛事都要建造更多的新场馆，这推高了比赛成本。在卡塔尔，八座体育场中有七座是从零开始建造的；1966年，英国没有建造任何一座)”可知，卡塔尔的这次比赛耗资巨大，因为要建造新的基础设施和球场。故选D。
D
“When we are stressed, we are more likely to want to avoid not just the task at hand, but the negative emotions we feel around that task as well,” Alicia Wafaa neuroscientist and senior lecturer at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in New York, explains. “That’s because at a basic neuroscientific level, we have a bias toward the present and prefer the immediate reward of feeling good when the brain releases the neurochemical dopamine (多巴胺). ”
Essentially, our brains are hardwired to approach tasks we find enjoyable and avoid those that produce negative feelings. “Our limbic brain (大脑边缘系统), the emotional part of our brain, is saying, ‘Let’s do this other thing and avoid that other stressful thing, while our prefrontal cortex (前额叶脑皮层) is the CEO of our brain, ” says Walf. “It’s making a plan, setting the goals, and making sure we stay on track. But there can be a disconnect when our limbic brain denies that prefrontal cortex message. ” Then there’s the burst of energy we often get when we’re up against a deadline, which leads to a reward pathway within our brains and sets the foundation for procrastination (拖延症) as a habit. “When you sprint (冲刺) to the end and get to the goal, it’s so satisfying; we almost get ourselves in that pattern of ‘Well, I got it done, and it felt good,’” says Walf.
In an effort to retrain your brain, Walf recommends taking breaks to refocus your attention on the task at hand. Methods such as the Pomodoro Technique can help you stay focused, in which you work within 25-minute intervals followed by five-minute breaks and continue circling until the task of the day is completed. Integrating mindfulness techniques during those breaks， such as meditation (冥想), yoga, and journaling, can also help reduce the stress that causes procrastination. “Trying to minimize stress by deliberately refocusing on whatever the task is, versus those feelings of anxiety, is about retraining your approach to stress and behaviors,“ says Walf.
It can also help to “eat that frog”, or tackle the most difficult and most meaningful task of the day and do it first thing in the morning. If all else fails, try tricking your brain by giving yourself a small reward for working on the task you’ve been avoiding. “Little rewards really help us, especially when we’re trying to reach a large goal,” says Walf. “You have to recharge and keep yourself motivated. ”
32. What message is conveyed in the first two paragraphs?
A. People prefer more stressful tasks.
B. Stress produces negative feelings.
C. Stress is behind the delay on tasks.
D. Stress keeps one’s brain motivated.
33. In Paragraph 2, what will probably happen when our limbic brain takes over?
A. Preparing one’s tasks in advance. B. Approaching tasks as scheduled.
C. Living up to one’s purposes. D. Leaving difficulties to the last.
34. What is one key to Pomodoro Technique according to Walf?
A. Mixing up the feelings of anxiety. B. Watching out for working behaviors.
C. Being absent-minded during breaks. D. Attaining a goal in a timed period.
35. What is “eat that frog” probably about?
A. Frog cooking. B. Challenge overcoming.
C. Time management. D. Morning exercise.
【答案】32. C 33. D 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了压力才是导致拖延症的根本原因，进而给出了缓解压力的几种办法。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“‘When we are stressed, we are more likely to want to avoid not just the task at hand, but the negative emotions we feel around that task as well,’ Alicia Wafaa neuroscientist and senior lecturer at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in New York, explains. ‘That’s because at a basic neuroscientific level, we have a bias toward the present and prefer the immediate reward of feeling good when the brain releases the neurochemical dopamine. ’(纽约伦斯勒理工学院的神经科学家、高级讲师艾丽西亚·瓦法解释说:“当我们感到压力时，我们更有可能不仅想要避免手头的任务，还想要避免与任务相关的负面情绪。”“这是因为在基本的神经科学层面上，当大脑释放神经化学物质多巴胺时，我们倾向于当下，更喜欢感觉良好的即时奖励。”)”以及第二段中的“Then there’s the burst of energy we often get when we’re up against a deadline, which leads to a reward pathway within our brains and sets the foundation for procrastination as a habit. (然后，当我们面临最后期限时，我们经常会迸发出能量，这在我们的大脑中形成了一个奖励通道，并为拖延成为一种习惯奠定了基础)”可推知，第一和第二段主要讲述了压力是拖延任务的原因。故选C项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“‘Our limbic brain，the emotional part of our brain, is saying, ‘Let’s do this other thing and avoid that other stressful thing,’ while our prefrontal cortex is the CEO of our brain,’ says Walf. ‘It’s making a plan, setting the goals, and making sure we stay on track. But there can be a disconnect when our limbic brain denies that prefrontal cortex message.’(沃尔夫说:“我们的边缘大脑，即大脑中负责情感的部分，会说，‘让我们做另一件事，避免另一件有压力的事。’而我们的前额叶皮层是我们大脑的首席执行官。”)”可以推测，当影响或产生情绪的大脑边缘系统比负责计划、调节和控制心理活动的前额叶脑皮层活跃，就会“否认”前额脑皮层的信息，也就是大脑会传递“Let’s do this other thing and avoid that other stressful thing”的信息，即避免做高压的任务而先做别的事情。A、B、C三项都是“It’s making a plan, setting the goals, and making sure we stay on track”的改写，这些是前额叶脑皮层控制的。故选D项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Methods such as the Pomodoro Technique can help you stay focused, in which you work within 25-minute intervals followed by five-minute breaks and continue circling until the task of the day is completed.(像番茄工作法这样的方法可以帮助你保持专注，你在25分钟的间隔内工作，然后休息5分钟，继续循环，直到完成一天的任务)”可以推测，Pomodoro Technique就是工作25分钟，休息五分钟。循环直到当天的任务都完成。由这一点进一步推测，Pomodoro Technique就是把当天的任务分解，并在25分钟的时间段中一一完成。故选D项。。
【35题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段中的“tackle the most difficult and most meaningful task of the day and do it first thing in the morning(解决一天中最困难和最有意义的任务，并在早上把它作为第一件事)”可推测，“eat that frog”是说先处理难题或者做最有意义的事情。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We spend most of the year complaining that Britain is too cold and wet but gripe (抱怨) with just as much enthusiasm about the heat. Although moaning about the weather is satisfying, it’s better to take action and cool yourself down. You need to take extra care in the UK when temperatures hit 24℃. ____36____
Being too hot makes you unwell and can even kill you. ____37____ People over 65, under five, pregnant women, those with medical conditions(such as heart disease and mental health conditions) and those who work outside need extra protection in hot weather.
Research shows that putting your feet in cold water is a good way to reduce core body temperature and keep your organs working. It will also help reduce swelling in your ankles and feet.
____38____ However, don’t attempt to fully soak in freezing cold water as cold shock can be dangerous. In drought conditions, remember to conserve water and just concentrate on cooling either your feet, hands or neck and face, which will also be effective.
It is important to stay hydrated (补充水分) and refill the minerals we lose when we sweat. On average in very hot conditions we sweat 3-4 litres per hour and up to 10 litres a day, the same as 40 cups of tea. For a short amount of time, hot drinks raise your core body temperature. But it induces sweating, which then lowers your temperature. Cold and ice drinks do cool you down too. It’s thought hot drinks might be slightly more effective than cold. ____39____
Another way to beat the heat is wild swimming. ____40____ Slowly submerge (淹没) your body in the water, understand the limits of your swimming ability and know the rules about where it is safe to swim, because many people drown in hot weather.
A. But be aware of cold shock.
B. Some people are more fragile to heat.
C. You will definitely be ill with the icy drinks.
D. Whatever the temperature is, drink lots of fluid.
E. Heatwaves can leave you desperate to cool down.
F. This is when heat illness and deaths start increasing.
G. Moreover, having a shower or bath will cool you down faster.
【答案】36. F 37. B 38. G 39. D 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在英国如何避暑。
【36题详解】
分析设空，空处位于段尾，应是对前文的总结或者回答，根据前文“You need to take extra care in the UK when temperatures hit 24℃.(在英国，当气温达到24℃时，你需要格外小心)”可知，F项“This is when heat illness and deaths start increasing.(这是中暑疾病和死亡人数开始增加的时候)”可知，F选项中的“This is when”和上文中的“when temperatures hit 24℃”照应。并且该选项讲述了高温的危害，即导致疾病和死亡，进而跟下文段首句“Being too hot makes you unwell and can even kill you. (太热会让你身体不适，甚至会致命)”进行了衔接。故选F项。
【37题详解】
根据前文“Being too hot makes you unwell and can even kill you.(太热会让你身体不适，甚至会致命)”以及后文“People over 65, under five, pregnant women, those with medical conditions(such as heart disease and mental health conditions) and those who work outside need extra protection in hot weather.(65岁以上、5岁以下、孕妇、有疾病(如心脏病和精神疾病)的人以及在室外工作的人在炎热的天气下需要额外的保护)”可知，空处是一个过渡句，由结论过渡到具体的例子，所以B项“Some people are more fragile to heat.(有些人更容易受热)”符合文意。故选B项。
【38题详解】
分析设空，位于段首，应是本段的中心句，根据后文“However, don’t attempt to fully soak in freezing cold water as cold shock can be dangerous. In drought conditions, remember to conserve water and just concentrate on cooling either your feet, hands or neck and face, which will also be effective.(然而，不要试图完全浸泡在冰冷的水中，因为冷休克是危险的。在干旱的情况下，记得节约用水，只专注于冷却你的脚、手或脖子和脸，这也会很有效)”可知，本段在讲通过淋浴或泡澡来避暑，所以G项“Moreover, having a shower or bath will cool you down faster.(此外，淋浴或泡澡会让你更快地凉快下来)”符合文意。故选G项。
【39题详解】
分析设空，空处位于段尾，应是对前文的总结，根据前文“It is important to stay hydrated and refill the minerals we lose when we sweat.(重要的是要保持水分，补充我们出汗时失去的矿物质)”可知，本段主要讲述要多喝水来避暑，所以D项“Whatever the temperature is, drink lots of fluid.(不管温度是多少，都要多喝水)”和本文主题相呼应，符合文意。故选D项。
【40题详解】
根据前文“Another way to beat the heat is wild swimming.(另一种消暑的方法是游泳)”可知，本段主要讲通过游泳来避暑，再根据后文“Slowly submerge your body in the water, understand the limits of your swimming ability and know the rules about where it is safe to swim, because many people drown in hot weather.(慢慢地把你的身体浸入水中，了解你游泳能力的极限，并知道在哪里游泳是安全的，因为许多人在炎热的天气会溺水)”可知，后文主要讲述了游泳时的注意事项，所以A项“But be aware of cold shock.(但是要注意冷休克)”符合本段内容。故选A项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was in my late twenties, I was diagnosed with stomach cancer. Doctors operated and told me to hope for the best. I returned to Japan, where I was working, and tried to forget about it. The tumors(肿瘤)returned a year later, this time in my ____41____ . After a long search, the surgeons found a new ____42____ to remove them, but I knew this was, again, perhaps only a(n) ____43____ fix. I was a mess for the next six months.
Then I met a man who changed my ____44____ . Dr. Derek Roger had spent 30 years researching why some people in difficult situations become depressed, while others ____45____ . He taught me everything he’d learned, and as I started applying it, my ____46____ quieted down, even though my situation didn’t change. In fact, the cancer came back about five years ago and remains relatively ____47____ in my liver. But I no longer worry about it.
The process starts with understanding that stress is caused not by other people or ____48____ events, but by your reactions to them. Pressure is not stress. But the former is transformed into the latter when you add one factor: constant worrying, a(n) ____49____ to keep rethinking past or future events, while ______50______ negative emotion to those thoughts. Constant worrying is ongoing and ______51______ ,damaging your health, productivity, and well-being. Being ______52______ in the past or the future also takes us away from the present, making us unable to complete the work ______53______ on our plates.
While struggling with cancer, it took me a couple of years to train myself. But ultimately it worked. My stress levels went down, my health improved, and my career ______54______ .More heartening, I discovered that everything Derek had taught me could be taught to others, with ______55______ results.
41. A. stomach B. liver C. brain D. lung
42. A. procedure B. evidence C. component D. direction
43. A. positive B. temporary C. innovative D. controversial
44. A. confidence B. constitution C. approach D. phenomenon
45. A. remember B. depend C. persevere D. apologize
46 A. curiosity B. excitement C. satisfaction D. anxiety
47. A. stable B. gentle C. severe D. gradual
48. A. emergency B. perfect C. regular D. external
49. A. occasion B. tendency C. decision D. opportunity
50. A. persuading B. managing C. attaching D. overcoming
51. A. destructive B. tolerable C. shallow D. progressive
52. A. talented B. weak C. abundant D. drowned
53. A. finally B. currently C. generally D. heavily
54. A. died down B. made up C. passed by D. took off
55. A. unwanted B. similar C. natural D. likely
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. D 49. B 50. C 51. A 52. D 53. B 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者在年轻的时候换上癌症，但是在德里克·罗杰博士的帮助下，改变心态，不断战胜癌症。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年后，肿瘤又复发了，这次是在我的肝脏。A. stomach胃；B. liver肝；C. brain大脑；D. lung肺。根据后文“In fact, the cancer came back about five years ago and remains relatively ____7____ in my liver.”可知，癌症转移到肝脏。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过长时间的寻找，外科医生找到了一种新的方法来去除它们，但我知道，这可能只是一个暂时的解决办法。A. procedure程序；B. evidence证据；C. component要素；D. direction方向。根据后文“but I knew this was, again, perhaps only a(n) ____3____ fix.”可知，医生找到了一个新的方法来移除肿瘤。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. positive积极的；B. temporary临时的；C. innovative创新的；D. controversial有争议的。根据前文“I knew this was, again,”可知，作者知道这只是一种临时的方法。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来我遇到了一个人，他改变了我的看法。A. confidence信心；B. constitution组成；C. approach途径，看法，态度；D. phenomenon现象。根据后文“In fact, the cancer came back about five years ago and remains relatively ____7____ in my liver. But I no longer worry about it.”可知，虽然癌症还在作者的肝脏，可是作者已经不在那么担心了，由此是德里克·罗杰博士教给作者的一切消除了作者的焦虑，这些改变了作者对癌症的看法和态度。故选C。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：德里克·罗杰博士花了30年时间研究为什么有些人在困境中会抑郁，而另一些人却能坚持下来。A. remember记住；B. depend依靠；C. persevere坚持；D. apologize道歉。根据前文“why some people in difficult situations become depressed,”可知，此处与后文构成转折，表示有些人在困境中会抑郁，有些人会坚持下来。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把他学到的一切都教给了我，当我开始应用这些知识时，我的焦虑消失了，尽管我的处境并没有改变。A. curiosity好奇心；B. excitement兴奋；C. satisfaction满意；D. anxiety焦虑。根据后文“In fact, the cancer came back about five years ago and remains relatively ____7____ in my liver. But I no longer worry about it.”可知，虽然癌症还在作者的肝脏，可是作者已经不在那么担心了，由此是德里克·罗杰博士教给作者的一切消除了作者的焦虑。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，癌症在五年前就复发了，并且在我的肝脏中保持相对稳定。但我不再担心了。A. stable稳定的；B. gentle温柔的；C. severe严峻的；D. gradual逐渐的。根据前文“the cancer came back about five years ago”可知，癌症在五年前就复发了并一直存留在作者的肝脏中即表明癌症是稳定的。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个过程首先要明白，压力不是由其他人或外部事件引起的，而是由你对他们的反应引起的。A. emergency紧急状况；B. perfect完美的；C. regular有规律的；D. external外部的。根据前文的“by other people”可知，此处与or构成并列结构，即压力不是由其他人或外部事件引起的，而是由自己对他们的反应引起的。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当你加上一个因素时，前者就变成了后者：持续的担忧，一种不断重新思考过去或未来事件的倾向，同时将负面情绪与这些想法联系在一起。A. occasion情况；B. tendency趋势；C. decision决定；D. opportunity机会。根据前文“constant worrying”可知，持续的担忧是一种倾向，这会将负面情绪与这些想法联系在一起。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. persuading说服；B. managing管理；C. attaching附属于；D. overcoming克服。根据前文“constant worrying, a(n) ____9____ to keep rethinking past or future events,”可知，此处表示持续的担忧，一种不断重新思考过去或未来事件的倾向，同时将负面情绪与这些想法联系在一起。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：持续担忧是持续的、破坏性的，会损害你的健康、工作效率和幸福。A. destructive破坏性的；B. tolerable忍受的；C. shallow浅的；D. progressive先进的。根据后文的“damaging your health, productivity, and well-being”可知，持续的担忧是持续的、破坏性的，会损害你的健康、工作效率和幸福。故选A。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：沉溺于过去或未来也会让我们远离当下，使我们无法完成手头上的工作。A. talented有天赋的；B. weak 虚弱的；C. abundant大量的；D. drowned沉溺于的。根据后文“making us unable to complete the work _____13_____ on our plates”可知，我们无法完成手头上的工作是因为沉溺于过去或者将来，都会让我们无法专注于当前。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：沉溺于过去或未来也会让我们远离当下，使我们无法完成手头上的工作。A. finally最终地；B. currently当前地；C. generally总体地；D. heavily重地。根据后文“also takes us away from the present, making us unable to complete the work ____13____ on our plates”可知，沉溺于过去或未来也会让我们远离当下，使我们无法完成手头上的工作。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的压力减轻了，健康状况改善了，我的事业开始腾飞。A. died down逐渐消失；B. made up组成；C. passed by经过；D. took off情况好转，起飞。根据前文“My stress levels went down, my health improved”可知，作者的情况好转了，事业开始腾飞了。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更令人振奋的是，我发现德里克教我的一切都可以教给别人，都有着相似的结果。A. unwanted不需要的；B. similar相似的；C. natural自然的；D. likely可能的。根据前文“Derek had taught me could be taught to others”可知，德里克教我的一切都可以教给别人，即对作者有用处对他人也会有用处，大家都会有相似的结果即情况好转，不在沉溺于痛苦的过去。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s economy has grown by an average of 4. 5 percent each year during the past three years. Consumer prices in China ____56____ (remain) stable throughout 2022, with the Consumer Price Index rising ____57____ around 2 percent. Moreover, production, sales, and exports of new energy vehicles rank first ____58____ (global). But officials remain cautious.
The 2022-2023 Annual Economic Conference, ____59____ (hold) by the China Center for International Economic Exchanges, kicked off in Beijing on Saturday. Several Chinese economic and ____60____ (finance) officials discussed China’s economic blueprint outlined at the just-concluded Central Economic Work Conference.
Han Wenxiu, an official with ____61____ Central Committee for Commercial and Economic Affairs, noted that while fully ____62____ (recognize) China’s achievements, “we must also be aware ____63____ challenges remain”.
“The epidemic still poses a negative impact, industrial supply chains are not functioning smoothly, the scientific and technological ____64____ (innovate) capacity is not strong, new factors to boost growth _____65_____ (be) not sufficient, and social development such as employment is also facing a challenge,” Han said.
【答案】56. remained
57. by 58. globally
59. held 60. financial
61. the 62. recognizing
63. that 64. innovation##innovative
65. are
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国在2022年取得的经济成就和面临的问题。
【56题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：2022年全年，全国居民消费价格总体保持稳定，居民消费价格总水平上涨2%左右。根据时间状语throughout2022可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填remained。
【57题详解】
考查介词。句意：2022年全年，全国居民消费价格总体保持稳定，居民消费价格总水平上涨2%左右。根据空后“around 2 percent”可知，此处表示“增长的程度”，应用介词by。故填by。
【58题详解】
考查副词。句意：此外，新能源汽车产销量和出口量均居全球第一。此处修饰谓语动词rank，应用副词，作状语。故填globally。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：由中国国际经济交流中心主办的2022-2023年度经济会议于周六在北京开幕。此句的谓语动词为kicked off，空处应用非谓语动词，hold与The 2022-2023 Annual Economic Conference是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填held。
60题详解】
考查形容词。句意：几位中国经济和财政官员讨论了在刚刚结束的中央经济工作会议上概述的中国经济蓝图。此处修饰名词officials，应用形容词，作定语。故填financial。
【61题详解】
考查冠词。句意：中央商务经济委员会官员韩文秀指出，在充分认识中国取得成就的同时，“我们也必须意识到仍然存在挑战”。 Central Committee for Commercial and Economic Affairs是普通名词构成的专有名词，应用定冠词。故填the。
【62题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：中央商务经济委员会官员韩文秀指出，在充分认识中国取得成就的同时，“我们也必须意识到仍然存在挑战”。当时间状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词；此处与双引号里面的句子构成复合句，逻辑主语是we，完整句子为while we are fully recognizing China’s achievements, “we must also be aware ____8____ challenges remain”.省略从句中的we are，保留现在分词。故填recognizing。
【63题详解】
考查。句意：中央商务经济委员会官员韩文秀指出，在充分认识中国取得成就的同时，“我们也必须意识到仍然存在挑战”。此处引导宾语从句，从句句意完整，成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。
【64题详解】
考查名词或形容词。句意；“疫情仍然带来负面影响，产业供应链运行不顺畅，科技创新能力不强，促进增长的新因素不足，就业等社会发展也面临挑战，”韩说。此处修饰名词capacity，可以使用名词innovation或形容词innovative，作定语。故填innovation或innovative。
【65题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意；“疫情仍然带来负面影响，产业供应链运行不顺畅，科技创新能力不强，促进增长的新因素不足，就业等社会发展也面临挑战，”韩说。句子陈述目前的客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是new factors to boost growth，复数概念，谓语动词用复数。故填are。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 某英语杂志开设“一周一成语”专栏，向外国读者介绍中国成语。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，介绍中国成语“水滴石穿”。内容包括：
1．解释字面意思；
2．阐释道理；
3．该成语对你产生的影响。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头已给出，不计入总词数；
4．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Here comes the Weekly Chinese Idiom-“shuǐ dī shí chuān”.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Here comes the Weekly Chinese Idiom—“shuǐ dī shí chuān”.
Literally, shuǐ means water, dī means dripping, and shí chuān mean cutting through a stone. The combination of the whole phrase “ shuǐ dī shí chuān ” is equal to the saying in the west that constant dripping wears away a stone.
Integrated into an idiom, the four characters demonstrate the power of perseverance and persistence, which will contribute to achieving a challenging or seemingly unlikely objective.
This idiom has a far-reaching impact on me, not only encouraging me to stick to my goal even in adversity with continuous efforts, but also convincing me that all the efforts are worthwhile and will pay off one day.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇短文投稿，向外国读者介绍中国成语“水滴石穿”。内容包括：
1．解释字面意思；
2．阐释道理；
3．该成语对作者产生的影响。
【详解】词汇积累
展现，表达：demonstrate→show/display
导致，有助于：contribute to→account for
不可能的：unlikely→impossible
等同于，相当于：be equal to→have the same meaning as
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Literally, shuǐ means water, dī means dripping, and shí chuān mean cutting through a stone.
拓展句：This is an inspiring expression, in which literally, shuǐ means water, dī means dripping, and shí chuān mean cutting through a stone.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Integrated into an idiom, the four characters demonstrate the power of perseverance and persistence, which will contribute to achieving a challenging or seemingly unlikely objective.
(运用了过去分词作状语及which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] This idiom has a far-reaching impact on me, not only encouraging me to stick to my goal even in adversity with continuous efforts, but also convincing me that all the efforts are worthwhile and will pay off one day. (运用了not only…but also…连接两个现在分词及that引导的宾语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Stealing a Christmas tree is something that isn’t done every day. The motivation and timing were different.
I was a strong and determined boy aged 9 when Dad took sick and left Mom and me suddenly. Meanwhile, the Great Depression hit the country, but it made no difference to us. Since Mom was an invalid (病弱者)，our existence depended on kind-hearted neighbors and my marvelous talent for survival.
I sold newspapers on street corners and occasionally picked up a bottle of milk from some front porch, a pie from a pantry window, or fruit from neighborhood trees.
During the first Christmas season without Dad, I got caught up in the yuletide (圣诞节期间) spirit. Like any other young boy, I enjoyed the holiday sights and sounds. My anticipation was high, but deep down in my heart was the fact that the man in the red suit skipped right over our little shack (木屋) and stopped only at houses with fireplaces. Meantime, there would be no considerable nice things to eat under the tree. Actually, there would be no tree. At least, a tree would ease the hurt. I resolved to “steal” a Christmas tree on Christmas Day and hurried to Mr. Peterson’s store.
I figured out that since the store was closed and the unsold trees were usually thrown away, I was starting fair game. As I prowled (潜行) among the snow-dusted trees beside the store, old man Peterson popped out of nowhere, yelling serious threats and chasing me away.
Nels Peterson was an old and mean bachelor. The following year, he installed a fence around the Christmas tree lot and locked the gate every night. I accepted the challenge-when people were bathed in the warm glow of family togetherness, I climbed the ladder that hugged the store wall and successfully stole one tree. Next year, the ladder was removed. Ultimately, it seemed that the minute he saw me, Mr. Peterson would chase me away.
Then came a Christmas that I shall always remember with fondness and warmth. My teacher at school involved our class in making a Christmas card for our favorite person, not including our family members.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I planned to make an impressive card for Nels Peterson.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Late Christmas Eve, surprisingly, the gate to Peterson’s store was open.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I planned to make an impressive card for Nels Peterson. Why I included him as my favourite person remained a mystery. Maybe, it was a way to make up for stealing his thrown-away trees. On the card, a magnificently decorated tree was pasted up with trimmings(装饰材料), symbolizing the best wishes to the lonely man. As I worked on it, my enthusiasm was increasing with my belief that it might be the only card he would get from anybody. Having finished the card reading best wishes and a brief introduction to myself, I signed it, dashed to the outside of Mr. Peterson’s home, sneaked up on the mailbox and put the card in it. Meantime, Mr. Peterson noticed me, charged out, yelling horrible threats and chased me away. I guess Mr. Peterson thought I was stealing his mail.
Late Christmas Eve, surprisingly, the gate to Peterson’s store was open. In the center was even a tree. Sliding into the gate, I felt my muscles stretching out. Suddenly, the tree blazed alive, sparkling with brilliant colors of light. The brightness made me feel Mr. Peterson was watching me in the midst of a crime, but he was nowhere to be found. Then I spotted a large sign, saying “Please pull the plug and lock the gate—Merry Christmas!” Under the tree were presents and a box of groceries. With a lump in my throat, I waved, calling out, “Merry Christmas, Mr. Peterson!” Having done what his sign directed, I carried home the best Christmas I have ever had. It was a beautiful lesson on the joy of giving—a simple home-made Christmas card touched a lonely heart and opened a locked gate.
【解析】
【导语】文章以偷圣诞树为线索展开，讲述作者妈妈生病，爸爸不辞而别，他靠各种手段维持家里的生计。爸爸离开后的首个圣诞节，作者知道不会有圣诞节礼物，但也希望有一颗圣诞树可以聊以慰藉，因此决定偷一棵。他去了吝啬老人Nels Peterson的店，还没行动就被Nels Peterson赶走了；第二年Nels Peterson用栅栏把圣诞树围起来，但作者顺着靠着商店的梯子顺利潜入，偷走了一棵神诞树；第三年，梯子被搬走了。然后又是一个圣诞节，老师让作者和同学们制作一张卡片给自己最爱的人，并附上名字。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①根据第一段首句“我计划为Nels Peterson制作一张令人印象深刻的卡片。”可知，下文可描写作者为什么给Nels Peterson制作卡片，以及制作和送的过程。
②根据第二段首句“圣诞夜晚些时候，Peterson的商店大门打开了。”可知，下文可描写作者进店后的发现——一颗漂亮的圣诞树和其他圣诞礼物，以及作者反应和感悟。
2.续写线索：计划给Nels Peterson制作卡片——解释原因——制作时感到开心——偷偷放进Nels Peterson的邮箱——圣诞节那晚Nels Peterson的店打开着——发现圣诞树和圣诞礼物——感动、感激——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①弥补：make up for/compensate
②完成：finish/complete
③冲：dash/rush
④发现：spot/take notice of
情绪类
①热情：enthusiasm/passion
②吓人的：horrible/frightening/scary
③大叫：yell/cry/call out
④感动：touch/move
【点睛】[高分句型1]On the card, a magnificently decorated tree was pasted up with trimmings (装饰材料), symbolizing the best wishes to the lonely man.(运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2]As I worked on it, my enthusiasm was increasing with my belief that it might be the only card he would get from anybody. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句和that引导的同位语从句)
[高分句型2]Having done what his sign directed, I carried home the best Christmas I have ever had.(运用了现在分词作状语和what引导的宾语从句)