专题11.短文填词 -九年级英语寒假精讲精练（仁爱版）

短文填词

福建省该题型有三种考查形式:音标填词(3空)、用所给提示词的适当形式填空(4空)和盲填(3空),共设空10处。

考点一　音标填词

因所考音标多为元音、长音、重读音节,所考词性均为实义词,如名词、动词、形容词、副词,且均为课标中的重点词汇,所以平时注意其音节和词汇拼写。

考点二　构词法

英语中,构词法主要有三种:①合成;②派生;③转化。另外还有缩略法和缩写法等。

考点三　词类变化

1.名词:变复数;所有格;形容词。

2.形容词:变副词;级别变化。

3.副词:级别变化。

4.数词:序数词或基数词。

5.代词:主格变宾格、形容词性物主代词或反身代词。

考点四　无提示词填空

无提示词填空题型常见类:介词、冠词、连词、代词等。

1.介词:根据语境或者固定搭配填写合适的介词。

2.冠词:判断表示泛指还是特指,确定填不定冠词还是定冠词。

3.连词:判断其连接的是并列句还是从句等。

4.代词:根据语境判断用什么形式的代词。

随堂练习

一

阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个设空处填入一个适当的词,要求所填的词意义准确,形式正确,使短文意思完整,行文连贯。

Most Chinese students work really hard to get “A” grades in school. But in the United States, if you　1　[dʒʌst]study all the time and don’t socialize(社交), your life won’t be complete. So, how does one socialize with students in the US? 

Lots of high school soccer games are usually held 　2　fall. I didn’t know anything about soccer, but I joined in some of the soccer games in order to have fun with my friends. I　3　(think) I could learn the rules from others. However, to my 　4　, some American students don’t even know the rules but still go to the games in order to socialize. They　5　[tʃɪə]for the soccer players and have fun together. 

The other　6　[ˈkɒmən]way to socialize is to join after-school clubs. You can choose clubs that you like and make a lot of new friends. For example, one of my　7　(classmate) started a drawing club. I was　8　(interest) in it and joined the club. I met lots of students there who were fond of 　9　(draw). We soon became friends with each other. 

Socializing is an important thing in the US. But grades are still　10　, too. A complete student should have the ability to balance(平衡) his or her studying and socializing. 

二

阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入—个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。

After nine years since its last edition (版本), the 12th edition of Xinhua Dictionary comes out. It has added new words and expressions shaped by the Internet and social ____61____ ['prəʊgres].

The new edition of the dictionary has also added a QR code to each page, allowing readers to scan the code (扫码) to learn how to ____62____ (correct) write a character and hear the right ____63____ (pronounce). This is the first time that Xinhua Dictionary has ____64____ (bring) out an app and printed copies at the same time.

The 12th edition of the dictionary does not include too many new characters, ____65____ it does include more than 100 new words and expressions. Many of ____66____ are from the Internet, such as “fen si” (fans), “er wei ma” (QR code), and “dian zan” (clicking the “like” button).

The new edition has also added more than 50 new usages, including “mai meng” (acting cute), “pin che” (carpool) and “pin gou” ( shopping pool).

Since its first edition ____67____ 1953, Xinhua Dictionary has sold more than 600 ____68____ (million) copies around the world. The dictionary has been a tool (工具) for several generations of Chinese people. It has become a ____69____ ['sɪmbl] of Chinese culture. It is also the first dictionary written in modern Chinese. Most, if not all, Chinese people use Xinhua Dictionary in ____70____ ['praɪməri] schools when they start learning Chinese characters.

三

阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。

Look at your calendar.There are many solar terms(节气)on a Chinese lunar calendar.

On Nov. 30,2016,UNESCO 　1　(add)“the 24 Solar Terms”into the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity(人类非物质文化遗产).　2　an important part of Chinese culture,the 24 solar terms 　3　/ɡaɪd/people?s farming and daily life. 

About 2,000 years 　4　,Chinese people studied natural changes such as air 　5　/ˈtemprətʃə/,water and crop growth(农作物生长).They then made 24 solar terms to show the changes in 　6　/ˈsiːzn/and weather. 

For instance,they named the day in a year with 　7　 longest daytime as xiazhi.The 　8　(short) one was called dongzhi.In many parts of China,it’s usually 　9　(snow) around xiaoxue every year. 

The solar terms also help farmers make 　10　(they) plans.When lichun comes,it’s getting warm.Farmers are going to sow seeds. When mangzhong comes,the harvest time is coming. 

四

阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。

Is there any noise that drives you crazy? In Britain, the most annoying ____61____ (noisy) are snoring (鼾声), loud eaters and dogs barking, a 2015 study by home appliance (家用电器) maker Whirlpool says.

Loud sipping (啜) from a cup of tea and the vibrating (震动) of smartphones are also on the ____62____. The British ____63____ (hate) phone keypad beeps (哔哔声), creaking (发出嘎吱声的) doors and noisy washing machines as well.

Some popular songs are on the list, too. Justin Bieber’s Baby and Psy’s Gangnam Style are ____64____/kənˈsɪdəd/ annoying noises.

The study shows that 84 percent of British people can ____65____ /ˈhɑːdli/ enjoy a moment of silence (安静). On average they would ____66____ more than £310 (2,619 yuan) for just one hour of silence, if they couldn’t get it any other way.

This year, a new survey has found that more than half of Brits (51%) ____67____ /felt/ annoyed by their washing machine during lockdown. When we ____68____our homes into offices, classrooms, restaurants and even theaters, we ____69____(face) increased noise as well.

Sept 9, 2020 marked the fifth annual National Quiet Day. It helps people realize the ____70____(important) of finding time for more peace and quiet in their lives.

五

阅读下面短文,根据中文、首字母、音标或语境的提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词,要求所填的单词意义准确,拼写正确。

The Silk Road is a historically important international trade route(路线)between China and the Mediterranean(地中海).It began 　1　(在……期间)the Western Han Dynasty and has been a b　2　between East and West for over 2,000 years. 

The ancient road started from Chang?an(now Xi?an) and ended in Eastern 　3　[ˈjʊərəp],near today?s Turkey and the Mediterranean Sea.It was about 6,500 kilometers long and went across one-fourth of the planet. 

The Silk Road got its name b　4　Chinese silk used to be carried along this road.Silk,jade,ceramics and iron w　5　west to Rome.And from the west came glass,gems and food like carrots and sesame. 

The Silk Road was very important to both China and the rest of the world.It was 　6　than an ancient international trade route.Besides trade,　7　[ˈnɒlɪdʒ]about arts,science and literature,as well as crafts(工艺)and technologies was 　8　(分享)across the Silk Road.In this way,languages and cultures　9　 (发展)and influenced each other. 

Today,along the Silk Road there’re many places of 　10　,such as the Terracotta Warriors in Xi?an and Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang.Now a new train line runs from Beijing across the Silk Road. 

六

阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。

In northern China during spring, big sandstorms often make trouble for people. Sandstorms usually happen in spring. They have happened in more than 10 provinces in northern China this year. People in ____81____ (south) China don’t have to worry about this kind of bad weather. Most of the ____82____ /sænd/ comes from the north of China. In northern China, lots of places have few trees and don’t get much rain. When there ____83____ not many trees, the ground can’t keep enough water. Over the years, the ground dries up and turns to sand. When spring comes and the ice melts, the ground becomes loose (疏松的). Strong winds take the loose sand into ____84____ sky. Besides, in northeast China, there lie some vast (广阔的) deserts.

Sandstorms are bad ____85____ people’s health. ____86____ people breathe in too much sand, they will cough or have serious illnesses. Sandstorms also bring farmers lots of problems. Sometimes their sheep get ____87____ (lose) in the storms and never come back home. The winds also tear the farmers’ houses down.

What can you do to stop sandstorms? Here’s a piece of ____88____ /əd´vɑɪs/. Ask your parents to help you plant some ____89____ (tree) around your house this spring. If you see people cutting down too many trees, tell them about the dangers of sandstorms, and ask your _____90_____ /´gʌvə(r)nmənt/ to stop them.

七

阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。

When a box of strawberries has gone bad in your fridge, you throw it away at once. But it’s more than just strawberries that you are wasting.

The life of a strawberry starts from a seed. A farmer plants it _____61_____ waters it. Later, people pick it and pack it in a box. A truck takes it far- _____62_____ /pə’hæps/ 200 to 1,000 km-to a supermarket. Water, labor, and money must all be _____63_____ （spend）for a strawberry to come to you. If you waste the berry, you waste all of these things.

It’s hard for people to _____64_____ /’ri:əlaɪz/ how much work goes into the food we eat everyday. That makes food waste _____65_____ big problem around the world. Every year, 1.3 billion tons of food is wasted around the world. That’s one _____66_____ （three）of the food we have.

As we throw food away, there are still 820 million people _____67_____ （live）in hunger around the world. Many children go to sleep hungry, and 3.1 million of them die because _____68_____ hunger each year. The COVID-19 has made the situation even _____69_____ /wɜ:s/. With many countries no longer transporting food to other countries during this time, 10,000 more children are dying from hunger each month.

Wasting food means wasting, _____70_____ （nature）resources and missing the opportunity to feed a growing population in the future. It’s time to take action now.

八

阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。

Today, an increasing number of people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down. These people are ___81___ the “Heads-down Tribe”. Heads-down tribe members now can be seen everywhere.

There are more and more traffic accidents because lots of ___82___ (driver) use mobile phones while driving. In order to make drivers pay more ___83___ /əˈtenʃn/ to driving, some new traffic rules have been made. As we can see above, using mobile phones may ___84___ /kɔ:z/ traffic accidents. Also, more and more interesting and strange facts ___85___ /'hæpən/ to the “Heads-down Tribe”. A man in America kept ___86___ (use) his mobile phone on his way home. As ___87___ result, he knocked into a big lost bear. When he lifted ___88___ (he) eyes from the phone, he was so afraid that he turned around and ran away as ___89___ (quick) as possible.

Mobile phones are helpful and necessary tools for modern life. Whether they are good or not depends ____90____ how people use them. Let’s be “healthy” users and try to be the “Heads-up Tribe”.

九

After a quick breakfast, I went into the lecture hall in a hurry. A famous teacher was     1     to the students. He was holding up a $100 bill. Then he said to the three hundred students, “Who would like this $100 bill?” The students put up     2     hands at once. Then he said, “I am going to give this $100 bill to one of you, but     3     [fɜːst], let me do this.” He made the bill into a ball. Then he said. “Who     4        it now?” The hands went back into the air. “Well,” he said, “what if I do this?” and he     5     (drop) it on the floor and stepped on it. He picked up the     6     ['dɜːtɪ] bill and said, “Who wants it?” Hands went back again into the air.

“My friends,” he said, “you have learned  valuable     7     ( lesson) today. Many     8     (time)we are dropped and stepped on. We feel as if we are worth nothing. But remember, no matter what     9    happened to you, you will never lose your value: You are     10    valuable to those people who love you. Your value doesn’t come from what you do or whom you know, but who you are.”

十

    One who watches the film often feels that       1      (what) happens in the film could happen to him. Jane was       2       her way home after she watched a spy film in the friend’s house. A young girl had been followed and murdered in the film. So she felt a little  frightened when she was walking to the station. She got on the train. There were so many people traveling with her that she felt much safer. A man sitting       3      ['ɒpəzɪt]her and reading a newspaper, glanced at her. She thought nothing of it until she saw him staring at her. Remembering the film and feeling very uncomfortable, she got off the train and went to the bus stop. When the man got on the same bus, she found that he was following her. When she got off the bus, the streets were almost e      4      . She walked as quickly as       5      . She could hear footsteps following her but she didn’t dare to look around. After what seemed to have been hours, but in fact only a few minutes, she        6       the front door. She felt for the key but was unable to find it. The footsteps stopped behind her. She felt a hand on the shoulder and then she heard a       7      (please) voice, “I’m sorry if I frightened you. I’m your       8      (neighbor). I thought I recognized you on the train, but I wasn’t sure. I am Michael, are you Jane? We have studied in the same junior school. And I picked this up on the train. I think it might be       9      .” The man handed a key to her. “Yes, it is mine. Thanks!” She accepted it and said goodbye to him. Lying in the bed, Jane was still       10      [ә'weɪk] thinking what happened today. “It is so terrifying, surprising though.”

十一

阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确，形式正确，使短文意思完整，行文连贯。

Is your schoolbag too heavy?The e-schoolbag will help you. It is ___61___（say）that e-schoolbags are going to be brought into use in Chinese middle schools soon.

Heavy schoolbags have been a serious ___62___ ['probləm] for a long time. But the e-schoolbag will ___63___ it out. An e-schoolbag is ___64___（many）lighter than a usual schoolbag. Perhaps，the e-schoolbag should be ___65___（call）an e-textbook. It is a small computer for students.  It is as small as a usual book，___66___ it can still have all the things for study， such as textbooks，___67___ ['eksəsaIz] books and so on which can be made into chips like stamps. The students can ___68___ the text page by page on the screen，take ___69___（note），or even send e-mails to their teachers. They only need to put the right chip into the e-schoolbag. Then they can use it.

Some people say that the e-textbook can be _____70_____ [ˈiːzəli] broken，while others say it is not good for eyes. But only time can tell.

十二

短文填空，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的词，使短文意思完整连贯。

People are trying their best ___61___ (reduce) the pollution. Recently, a chemistry scientist and a fashion designer have ___62___ (create) a new kind of pants. The pants are m___63___ of a new material. The material can help reduce air ___64___ (pollute) around us. Scientists have tested the material. The result shows that it isn't ___65___ (harm) to human. This new kind of pants may ___66___ (出现) at the market in two years. They will be worn by young people ___67___ /fɑːst/. Because youngsters pay more attention to the environment ___68___ (protect). Professor Ryan said, “If ___69___ (thousand) of people wear the pants, the air will be cleaner." What's more, they can make people understand the ___70___ (important) of cleaning environment. Be sure that we will live on the better earth.