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2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题十二 考点18 议论文（A卷）
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这是一份2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题十二 考点18 议论文（A卷），共16页。
But is the traffic jam a sign f failure? Lng queues at restaurants r theater bx ffices are seen as signs f success. Shuld transprtatin systems be viewed any differently? I think we shuld recgnize that the traffic jam is an unpreventable by-prduct(副产品) f successful cities, and view the "traffic prblem" in a different light.
Cities exist because they imprve scial cmmunicatin and ecnmic trade. The traffic jam ccurs where there are lts f peple but limited space. Culturally and ecnmically successful cities have the wrst traffic prblems, while decaying cities dn't have much traffic. New Yrk and Ls Angeles are America's mst crwded cities. But if yu want access t majr brkerage huses(经纪行), yu will find them easier t reach in crwded New Yrk than in any ther large cities. And if yur cmpany needs access t pst-prductin film editrs r satellite-guidance engineers, yu will reach them mre quickly thrugh the crwded freeways f LA than thrugh less crwded rads elsewhere.
Despite the traffic jam, a larger amunt f scial cmmunicatin and ecnmic trade can be made better in large, crwded cities than elsewhere. Seen in this light, the traffic jam is an unfrtunate result f prsperity(繁荣), nt a cause f the ecnmic fall and urban decay. S while we can cnsider the traffic jam as increasing cst in the areas f big cities, the cst f inaccessibility in uncrwded places is almst certainly greater.
There is n dubt that the traffic jam brings the terrible ecnmic and envirnmental damage in places like Bangkk, Jakarta, and Lags. But mbility(流动性) is far higher and traffic jam levels are far lwer here in the US, even in ur mst crwded cities. That's why, fr nw, we dn't see peple and capital streaming ut f San Francisc and Chicag, heading fr cities like El Centr and McAllen.
1. We can cnclude frm the first paragraph that _____.
A. the traffic jam and weather are the tw factrs preventing the develpment f big cities
B. the traffic jam seems t be very difficult t deal with
C. if traffic engineers try their best, the traffic jam can be slved
D. public fficials are always criticized fr misusing their pwer
2. By saying "decaying" (in Para. 3), the authr prbably means _____.
A. less pwerful and influentialB. develping
C. rich and successfulD. small-sized
3. What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. The traffic jam has caused terrible effects in cities such as Bangkk and Lags.
B. The traffic jam in San Francisc has resulted in the capital flwing ut.
C. The traffic jam level in Jakarta is lwer than that in the US.
D. McAllen is as crwded and successful as San Francisc.
4. What's the authr's pinin n the traffic jam?
A. In cities, the traffic jam is avidable.
B. The traffic jam is bth a sign f failure and a sign f success.
C. The traffic jam is the result f successful cities.
D. The traffic jam can prmte scial cmmunicatin and ecnmic trade.
2. As data and identity theft becmes mre and mre cmmn, the market is grwing fr bimetric(生物测量) technlgies—like fingerprint scans—t keep thers ut f private e-spaces. At present, these technlgies are still expensive, thugh.
Researchers frm Gergia Tech say that they have cme up with a lw-cst device(装置) that gets arund this prblem: a smart keybard. This smart keybard precisely measures the cadence(节奏) with which ne types and the pressure fingers apply t each key. The keybard culd ffer a strng layer f security by analyzing things like the frce f a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique t each persn. Thus, the keybard can determine peple's identities, and by extensin, whether they shuld be given access t the cmputer it's cnnected t—regardless f whether smene gets the passwrd right.
It als desn't require a new type f technlgy that peple aren't already familiar with. Everybdy uses a keybard and everybdy types differently.
In a study describing the technlgy, the researchers had 100 vlunteers type the wrd "tuch" fur times using the smart keybard. Data cllected frm the device culd be used t recgnize different participants based n hw they typed, with very lw errr rates. The researchers say that the keybard shuld be pretty straightfrward t cmmercialize and is mstly made f inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hpes t make it t market in the near future.
1. Why d the researchers develp the smart keybard?
A. T reduce pressure n keys.B. T imprve accuracy in typing.
C. T replace the passwrd system.D. T cut the cst f e-space prtectin.
2. What makes the inventin f the smart keybard pssible?
A. Cmputers are much easier t perate.
B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develp fast.
C. Typing patterns vary frm persn t persn.
D. Data security measures are guaranteed.
3. What d the researchers expect f the smart keybard?
A. It'll be envirnment-friendly.B. It'll reach cnsumers sn.
C. It'll be made f plastics.D. It'll help speed up typing.
4. Where is this text mst likely frm?
A. A diary.B. A guidebk.C. A nvel.D. A magazine.
3. Sand, sun, fitness, and fun were ppular at the LeapFrg's Fit Made Fun Day event n September 6.With LeapFrg's new LeapBand activity tracker, the event tk place at Santa Mnica Beach in Califrnia t educate kids abut staying active.
The LeapBand is LeapFrg's newest prduct. It straps(用带子系好) nt the wrist, like a watch, and features a virtual(虚拟的) pet that kids can care fr. Kids d activities such as walking like a penguin and ppping like ppcrn t earn pints and pwer-ups, which unlck new pets and rewards.
"We want t make sure kids understand that getting up, getting active, having fun, and getting healthy tips can all be part f their daily lives," says Greg Ahearn, wh wrks fr LeapFrg."Our gal with the LeapBand is t get kids up and active and having fun."
The event included creative fitness activities fr kids and parents. Artie Green and Easy A.D., wh are a part f an rganizatin called Hip Hp Public Health, perfrmed sngs and taught dances. There were pht pprtunities, healthy snacks, and gdie bags t.
Mia Hamm, a frmer member f the United States natinal wmen's sccer team, is the fficial spkespersn fr the LeapBand. Hamm tk part in Wmen's Wrld Cups and the Olympics. When she was abut 15, she knew that her sprt was sccer. "I lved the way it challenged me every single day," she said. Hamm says exercising shuld be fun "whether it's playing sccer with yur friends r hpping n ne ft r dancing". She advises aspiring athletes(有志向的) t "g fr it. It's a lt f hard wrk, but it's meaningful".
Later in the afternn, the crwd came tgether t try t break three Guinness Wrld Recrds: the mst peple making sand angels, the mst peple hpping n ne ft, and the mst peple ding the swim dance. Participants(参加者) enjyed exercising tgether, dancing, hpping, and flapping alng t music. Better yet, they brke all three recrds! Ahearn hpes these families and many mre cntinue t take part in fitness activities. "Fun is the mst imprtant thing," he says.
1.The event LeapFrg's Fit Made Fun Day is t ________.
A.encurage participants t break Guinness Wrld Recrds
B.intrduce LeapFrg's newest prduct—the LeapBand
C.instruct peple, especially kids t keep an active lifestyle
D.find suitable vlunteers t care fr virtual pets
2.Accrding t the passage, what can we knw?
A.Kids dn't understand the value f active life.
B.The activities f the event are cncerned with fitness.
C.Sccer desn't mean a lt t Hamm.
D.Ahearn thinks breaking all three recrds is the mst imprtant thing.
3.The fifth paragraph mainly intends t tell us Mia Hamm ________.
A.is active in sprts activities
B.was a famus wman sccer player
C.acts as the spkespersn fr the LeapBand
D.calls n peple t d sprts activities
4.What's the main purpse f the passage?
A.T sell a prduct.B.T prvide infrmatin abut an activity.
C.T prmte an activity.D.T describe an experience.
4. During the rsy years f elementary schl(小学), I enjyed sharing my dlls and jkes, which allwed me t keep my high scial status. I was the queen f the playgrund. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cl kids. They rse in the ranks nt by being friendly but by smking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jkes n thers, amng whm I sn fund myself.
Ppularity is a well-explred subject in scial psychlgy. Mitch Prinstein, a prfessr f clinical psychlgy srts the ppular int tw categries: the likable and the status seekers. The likables' plays-well-with-thers qualities strengthen schlyard friendships, jump-start interpersnal skills and, when tapped early, are emplyed ever after in life and wrk. Then there's the kind f ppularity that appears in adlescence: status brn f pwer and even dishnrable behavir.
Enviable as the cl kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein's studies shw unpleasant cnsequences. Thse wh were highest in status in high schl, as well as thse least liked in elementary schl, are "mst likely t engage (从事) in dangerus and risky behavir."
In ne study, Dr. Prinstein examined the tw types f ppularity in 235 adlescents, scring the least liked, the mst liked and the highest in status based n student surveys(调查研究). "We fund that the least well-liked teens had becme mre aggressive ver time tward their classmates. But s had thse wh were high in status. It clearly shwed that while likability can lead t healthy adjustment, high status has just the ppsite effect n us."
Dr. Prinstein has als fund that the qualities that made the neighbrs want yu n a play date—sharing, kindness, penness—carry ver t later years and make yu better able t relate and cnnect with thers.
In analyzing his and ther research, Dr. Prinstein came t anther cnclusin: Nt nly is likability related t psitive life utcmes, but it is als respnsible fr thse utcmes, t. "Being liked creates pprtunities fr learning and fr new kinds f life experiences that help smebdy gain an advantage," he said.
1.What srt f girl was the authr in her early years f elementary schl?
A.Unkind.B.Lnely.C.Generus.D.Cl.
2.What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A.The classificatin f the ppular.B.The characteristics f adlescents.
C.The imprtance f interpersnal skills.D.The causes f dishnrable behavir.
3.What did Dr. Prinstein's study find abut the mst liked kids?
A.They appeared t be aggressive.B.They tended t be mre adaptable.
C.They enjyed the highest status.D.They perfrmed well academically.
4.What is the best title fr the text?
A.Be Nice—Yu Wn't Finish LastB.The Higher the Status, the Better
C.Be the Best—Yu Can Make ItD.Mre Self-Cntrl, Less Aggressiveness
5.Think f the last time yu disagreed with anther persn. Maybe yu argued with a sibling (兄弟; 姊妹)ver what t watch n TV. Or perhaps yu tried t cnvince grwn-ups that ice cream made a better dinner than vegetables. Hw did yur disagreement end? Were yu able t see the issue frm the ther persn's viewpint?
In many situatins, disagreements are unavidable. They're part f life. After all, everyne has different pinins. We all have past experiences that shape hw we see the wrld. Still, nt all disagreements are bad. In fact, many peple lk at them as pprtunities t learn. They d s by trying t understand where bth sides are cming frm.
Hw can yu understand bth sides f an issue? Often, it's best t start by asking questins. Questins help us learn abut the wrld arund us. The right questins can als help us learn abut ther peple. In a disagreement, asking fr mre infrmatin can help yu learn abut a persn's viewpint. It can als lead yu t gather mre facts. This can paint a better picture f the entire issue.
When we are seeking t understand bth sides f an issue, it's imprtant t knw the difference between facts and pinins. Remember, facts are based n true infrmatin. Opinins can change frm persn t persn. Paying attentin t facts can stp biases(偏见)frm taking ver in a disagreement. This can help everyne invlved see bth sides f the issue.
Maybe yu're wndering why it's imprtant t understand bth sides f an issue, anyway. After all, dn't mst peple just want t prve that their side is right? Often, that's true. Hwever, understanding the whle issue can lead t bth sides wrking tgether.
Disagreements may be uncmfrtable at first. Hwever, when bth sides truly try t understand each ther, they ften find they have mre in cmmn than they thught. The next time yu disagree with anther persn, try asking him questins abut his viewpint. Yu never knw what yu might learn.
1. What des the underlined wrd "s" refer t in Paragraph 2?
A. Ignring chances t learn.
B. Knwing mre abut themselves.
C. Shaping a right way t see the wrld.
D. Making the disagreements a chance t learn.
2. Accrding t the passage, hw can we slve a disagreement?
A. By changing the ther's pinins.
B. By making bth sides cmfrtable.
C. By trying t stand in thers' shes.
D. By telling facts and pinins apart.
3. Hw des the authr supprt his view?
A. By reasning.
B. By describing.
C. By persuading.
D. By questining.
4. What's the authr's attitude t peple's arguments?
A. Indifferent.
B. Pessimistic.
C. Psitive.
D. Skeptical.
6. Many kids wuld likely argue that their lunchtime is t shrt. While the precius breaks after class are used t relax and chat with friends, students als need t scarf dwn a full meal t fuel them thrugh the rest f the day.
But it is fund that students need mre than few minutes t cnsume(消耗) thse much-needed nutrients(营养).Lnger lunchtime is healthier. The study cmpared fd chices with the amunt f time students are given t eat. Students with less than 20 minutes fr lunch ate less, including nutritinal fruits and vegetables.
Natinwide, the average(平均的) lunchtime is abut 30 minutes. But researchers fund that the real lunchtime can get cut dwn t less than 10 minutes. Researchers researched 1,001 students in lw-incme neighbrhds in Massachusetts that had lunchtime between 20 and 30 minutes. Students with shrter lunchtime were less likely t even chse a fruit in their lunch: 44 percent f students with 20-minute time picked up an apple r range.
Mre than 30 millin children, half f all public schl children natinwide, accrding t the Suthern Educatin Fundatin, eat lw-cst r free lunches every day under the Natinal Schl Lunch prgram. With the 2010 Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act, schl lunches have seen an verhaul(详细检查) in their nutritinal guidelines, with an increase in whle grains(全谷类), lw-fat chices, fruits and vegetables.
While increasing lunchtime and cutting int class time may nt be a pssible chice fr many schls, whse funding depends n the results f tests. Researchers suggested simplifying the lunch lines s that students can make the mst ut f the time they have.
1.The underlined phrase "scarf dwn" in the first paragraph means "________".
A.discussB.ckC.eatD.imprve
2.If students' lunchtime is less than 20 minutes, they wuld ________.
A.have healthier lunchesB.eat mre vegetables
C.have less chicesD.be shrt f prper nutritin
3.What d nearly half students chse t eat if they nly have 20 minutes fr lunch?
A.The vegetables.B.The milk.C.The meat.D.The fruits.
4.Why wuldn't schls cut int class time in the last paragraph?
A.Because the students will nt have the enugh healthy chice.
B.Because the nn-ideal result f the test will influence the schl fund.
C.Because the schl will have t imprve lunch quality.
D.Because the students will waste their lunchtime playing.
7. When was the last time yu went t yur lcal library? Last week? A mnth ag? A year ag?
Fr many reasns, brrwing bks frm libraries seems t be in decline. With advances in technlgy, it is nw pssible fr peple t dwnlad and read whatever they like n electrnic devices such as Kindles. It has been argued that ding this is cheaper than buying hard-cpy bks. They are als lightweight, making them ideal fr travelling.
Call me ld fashined, but I've never gt int the e-bks: I like t have printed bks lining my bkshelves; I lve the smell f a new bk; and I enjy leafing thrugh paper pages— as lng as I avid the paper cuts!
S, I prefer paper bks, and I als prefer t wn them myself. Libraries nly lend bks, s what use are they t smene like me, r t smene wh nly reads electrnic bks?
Persnally, I still lve libraries. They ffer a quiet space t sit, read, think, d research…a real escape frm the utside wrld. When I was at university, I frequently spent hurs at the library and brrwed numerus jurnals, articles and ther printed materials, as it was just t expensive t buy brand new bks every week. Libraries are free!
Libraries ften rganize a series f interesting activities as well. My lcal library hsted actrs, histrians and ther speakers during the twn's annual art and literature festival. Well-knwn authrs are als invited t libraries t give speeches r lead discussins abut their wrk. Events such as these are a great way t appeal t peple f all ages in the cmmunity and encurage the use f libraries.
There are still many fantastic ways t use libraries —maybe we just need t be mre awake t them!
1.What is the writer's purpse f using questin sentences in Paragraph 1?
A.T intrduce the tpic f the passage.
B.T make readers answer questins.
C.T give readers sme advice.
D.T cnduct a survey.
2.What can we knw abut e-bks?
A.They are easy t buy.
B.They are cheap and easy t take.
C.They can be brrwed frm libraries.
D.They are a waste f energy.
3.What des the underlined wrd "them" in Paragraph 4 refer t?
A.Libraries.B.E- bks.C.Paper bks.D.Bkshelves.
4.What is the best title f the passage?
A.The end f the library?
B.The reasns fr my lving libraries!
C.Which is better, e-bks r paper bks?
D.The last time f visiting yur lcal library!
8. Tens f thusands f drne (无人机)wners will have t register their devices fr the first time under regulatins designed t safeguard privacy.
Rules intrduced yesterday require all drnes that are fitted with cameras t be lgged with the Civil Aviatin Authrity (CAA). Anyne wh fails t d s faces being taken t curt and fined up t £1,000. Drnes heavier than 250g already have t be registered with the CAA, which csts £9 and must be renewed annually, but the new measures extend this requirement t all devices, including the lightweight mdels that are used by hbbyist pilts.
The mve cmes after sharp rise in the number f drnes bught by enthusiasts r thse perating them fr cmmercial reasns, such as t inspect infrastructure r fr phtgraphy and filming.
Hwever, the rise has prmpted cncerns ver privacy, with fears that drnes are being used t spy n private residences and ther buildings. It has als led t an increase in the number f near-misses between drnes and ther aircraft, including cmmercial passenger jets. The latest figures shw 531 near-misses invlving drnes were lgged in the past decade, including 125 recrded in 2019.
By law drnes are suppsed t be perated within an peratr's line f sight. They have t remain belw an altitude f 400ft t avid interfering with aircraft and flwn at least 164ft away frm peple and buildings. The gvernment has already tughened up regulatins in recent years. This includes requiring all peratrs t pass an nline test befre being allwed t fly devices. Other changes t the regulatins include allwing drnes that weigh up t 25kg t be perated, cmpared with a previus limit f 20kg.
Devices will als fall int three new categries f risk --high, medium and lw -- depending n hw they will be flwn. Lw-risk drnes, including thse typically used by hbbyists, will have peratinal limitatins but will nt need authrisatin (授权)fr flights. Authrisatin is needed fr larger medium-risk and high-risk drne flights, which are typically carried ut in mre cmplex envirnments, including thse beynd the peratr's line f sight, which is banned under nrmal circumstances.
Christian Struwe, the directr f public plicy, said f the new regulatin: "It simplifies different prcesses and allws custmers t travel frm cuntry t cuntry withut having t wrry abut different rules in different freign lcatins."
1.Why must the drne wners register their devices?
A.T prtect their rights f flying drnes.
B.T avid breaking the new regulatins.
C.T make sure their drnes meet the weight requirement.
D.T fllw the rules nt t invade thers' privacy.
2.What des the underlined wrds in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A.Updated every day.B.Replaced every mnth.
C.Redesigned every year.D.Registered every year.
3.What is the ptential danger drnes prbably cause?
A.Drnes will be used fr cmmercial purpses.
B.Drnes prbably crash int passenger planes while in use.
C.Operating drnes requires higher qualificatin.
D.It is impssible t avid being spied by drnes.
4.What des the passage mainly fcus n?
A.Hw t make a standard drne.
B.Hw drnes are perated by enthusiasts.
C.The imprtance f registering the drnes.
D.The negative effect f drnes n peple.
答案以及解析
1.答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.A; 4.C
解析：1.考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"like the weather, n ne seems t d anything abut it"可知,人们对交通堵塞现象无能为力,说明交通堵塞问题很棘手,难以解决。故选B。
2.考查词义猜测。由该词所在句子中的while(而,却)表对比可知, decaying的意思应与上文中的successful相反。故选A。
3.考查细节理解。根据最后一段第一句"There is n dubt that the traffic jam brings the terrible ecnmic and envirnmental damage in places like Bangkk, Jakarta, and Lags"可知A项正确,其他选项均与文中事实不符。故选A。
4.考查观点态度。根据第二段最后一句和第五段可知,作者认为交通拥挤是城市成功的一个不可避免的副产品,应该从另一个不同的角度来看待交通拥挤现象。文中作者并没有提到交通堵塞是一种失败。故选C。
2.答案：1-4.DCBD
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句"At present, these technlgies are still expensive, thugh."以及第二段第一句"Researchers frm Gergia Tech say that they have cme up with a lw-cst device that gets arund this prblem: a smart keybard."可推知,研究者研发这种智能键盘是为了降低网络安全保护技术的成本。注意题干、正确选项以及原文中一些词汇的多次呼应现象:develp与cme up with是同义词,expensive与lw-cst是反义词,cut the cst与lw-cst相呼应。故选D。
2.推理判断题。题干问的是"是什么让智能键盘的发明成为可能?",也就是问这一发明的核心依据是什么。根据第二段中的"These patterns are unique t each persn. Thus, the keybard can determine peple's identities..."可知, 正是因为每个人的打字模式不同, 这种智能键盘才可以通过分析用户的打字力度及节奏等来判断该用户是不是安全访客, 故C项符合题意。解答该题的关键是看懂题干的意思,即智能键盘的核心依据是什么。故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据题干"研究者对于智能键盘有什么期望?"可直接定位到最后一段的最后一句话"The team hpes t make it t market in the near future.",该团队希望在不久的将来将智能键盘推向市场。注意:题干中的expect与原文中的hpe呼应,答案选项中的cnsumers与原文中的market呼应。故选B。
4.文章出处题。根据本文的话题"智能键盘"以及第二段中的"Researchers frm Gergia Tech say that they have cme up with a lw-cst device...",尤其是其中的关键词researchers, lw-cst device等来推断,这篇文章是一篇科研报道,最有可能出现在杂志上。故选D。
3.答案：1.C; 2.B; 3.D; 4.B
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"t educate kids abut staying active"和第三段第一句话可知,C项正确。这项活动的目的是让人们,尤其是孩子,保持一种积极的生活方式。故选C。
2.细节理解题。无论是孩子们的活动还是后面试图打破吉尼斯世界纪录的活动都和运动健康有关。故选B。
3.段落大意题。通读第五段尤其是最后一句可知,Mia Hamm认为运动是可以给人带来快乐的,也是有意义的,故她是想呼吁人们做体育运动。故选D。
4.写作意图题。本篇文章是新闻报道,全文的意图是提供一项活动的信息。故选B。
4.答案：1-4.CABA
解析：1.推理判断题。本题题干意为:作者在上小学的低年级时是什么样的女孩?根据题干中的early years f elementary schl可定位到第一段第一句中的During the rsy years f elementary schl, I enjyed sharing my dlls and jkes (喜欢分享玩偶和笑话),因此可以推断作者是大方的。A:不友善的;B:孤独的;D:酷的。故选C。
2.主旨大意题。本题题干意为:第二段的主要内容是什么? 根据第二段第二句 Mitch Prinstein, a prfessr f clinical psychlgy srts the ppular int tw categries: the likable and the status seekers.可知,本段对受欢迎的人进行分类。B:青少年的特点;C:人际交往技巧的重要性;D:不光彩行为的原因。故选A 。
3.细节理解题。本题题干意为:Prinstein博士的研究中针对最受喜欢的小孩的发现是什么?根据题干中的study和the mst liked kids 可定位到第四段中的 It clearly shwed that while likability can lead t healthy adjustment, high status has just the ppsite effect n us。healthy adjustment(调整,适应) 对应B项中的adaptable(能适应的)。 A:他们显得有侵略性;C:他们喜欢最高的地位;D:他们学习成绩很好。故选B。
4.主旨大意题。本题题干意为:本文最好的标题是什么?文章将受欢迎的人分成两类—讨人喜欢的人和追逐高地位的人。根据对这两种人的介绍可以总结出整篇文章都是在引导读者做讨人喜欢的人,对人友善、学会分享、敞开心扉。B:地位越高越好;C:做到最好—你可以做到;D:自制力越强,侵略性越小。故选A。
5.答案：1-4DCAC
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段中的Still, nt all disagreements are bad. In fact, many peple lk at them as pprtunities t learn.知,并非所有的分歧都是糟糕的,事实上,许多人把它们看作是学习的机会。由此可推断,s指的是把分歧当作学 .习的机会。故选D。
2.推理判断题。根据第一段中的Hw did yur disagreement end? Were yu able t see the issue frm the ther persn's viewpint?可知,这两句以提问的形式引出结束分歧的方式,即从对方的角度看问题;根据最后一段中的 Disagreements may be uncmfrtable at first. Hwever, when bth sides truly try t understand each ther, they ften find they have mre in cmmn than they thught.可知,分歧一开始可能会让人不舒服。然而,当双方真正试图理解对方时, 往往会发现他们的共同点比他们想象的要多。由此可推断,要想解决分歧,双方要真正去理解对方,站在对方的立场上想问题。故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据第.三段中的Hw can yu understand bth sides f an issue? Often, it's best t start by asking questins.可知,理解关于问题的双方意见最好从问问题开始;根据第四段中的 When we are seeking t understand bth sides f an issue, it's imprtant t knw the difference between facts and pinins.可知,试图了解关于问题的双方意见时,了解事实和观点之间的区别是很重要的;根据最后一段中的 Disagreements may be uncmfrtable at first. Hwever, when bth sides truly try t understand each ther, they ften find they have mre in cmmn than they thught.可知,分歧一开始可能会让人不舒服。然而,当双方真正试图理解对方时, 往往会发现他们的共同点比他们想象的要多。由此可推断, 作者通过推理来支持他的观点。故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据第二段In many situatins, disagreements are unavidable. They're part f s by trying t understand where bth sides are cming frm.可知,在许多情况下,分歧是不可避免的。他们是生活的一部分。 毕竟,每个人都有不同的看法。我们都有过去的经历,这些经历塑造了我们对世界的看法。不过,并非所有的分歧都是糟糕的。事实上,许多人把它们看作是学习的机会。由此可推断,作者对人们的争端持积极态度。故选C。
6.答案：1.C; 2.D; 3.D; 4.B
解析：1.词句猜测题。根据划线词后的部分a full meal t fuel them thrugh the rest f the day.(一顿饱饭可以为他们一天剩下的时间提供能量)由此可知,这里指的是吃一顿饭。"scarf dwn"的意思是吃,A. discuss讨论;B. ck做饭;C. eat吃;D. imprve改善。故选C。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段Students with less than 20 minutes fr lunch ate less, including nutritinal fruits and vegetables.(午餐时间少于20分钟的学生吃得更少,包括有营养的水果和蔬菜。)由此推知,如果学生的午餐时间少于20分钟,他们就会缺乏适当的营养。故选D。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段44 percent f students with 20-minute time picked up an apple r range.(44%的学生在20分钟的用餐时间内,会拿一个苹果或桔子。)由此可知,如果只有20分钟的午餐时间,近一半的学生会选择吃水果。故选D。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段While increasing lunchtime and cutting int class time may nt be a pssible chice fr many schls, whse funding depends n the results f tests.(而增加午餐时间和缩短上课时间对许多学校来说是一个不可能的选择,因为它们的资金依赖于考试的结果。)由此可知,学校不缩短上课时间是因为测试结果的不理想会影响学校的经费。故选B。
7.答案：1.A; 2.B; 3.C; 4.A
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段中的"When was the last time yu went t yur lcal library? Last week? A mnth ag? A year ag?"你最后一次去当地图书馆是什么时候?上周吗?一个月前?一年前?可知,作者在第一段中使用几个问题,目的是为了引入这篇文章的话题.故选A.
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"It has been argued that ding this is cheaper than buying hard-cpy bks. They are als lightweight, making them ideal fr travelling."有人认为这样做比买纸质书便宜.它们也很轻,很适合旅行.可知,电子书既便宜又容易携带。故选B。
3.代词指代题。根据第四段中的"S, I prefer paper bks, and I als prefer t wn them myself."所以,我更喜欢纸质书,我也更喜欢自己拥有它们.可知,划线词them指代的就是本句中的paper bks。故选C。
4.标题归纳题。根据第一段"When was the last time yu went t yur lcal library? Last week? A mnth ag? A year ag?"你最后一次去当地图书馆是什么时候?上周吗?一个月前?一年前?及下文论述可知,作者论述的话题是"我们真的不需要图书馆了吗?"可知,A. The end f the library? (图书馆终结了吗?适合做本文最佳标题。故选A。
8.答案：1.D; 2.D; 3.B; 4.C
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段中"Tens f thusands f drne wners will have t register their devices fr the first time under regulatins designed t safeguard privacy. (按首次规定,成千上万的无人机所有者必须登记他们的设备,旨在保护隐私)"可知,无人机所有者必须登记他们的设备是为了让他们遵守规则,不侵犯他人隐私。故选D。
2.词义猜测题。划线词前提到"Drnes heavier than 250g already have t be registered with the CAA, which csts £9(超过250克的无人机已经必须在CAA注册,费用为9英镑)" ;根据第一段中"register their devices fr the first time …"这项规定是首次执行,以后应该会持续下去。由此可以猜测,"renew"与上文的"register"语义相关。因此可以猜测"renewed annually"意思为"每年重新登记"。故选D。
3.细节理解题。根据文章第四段中"It has als led t an increase in the number f near -misses between drnes and ther aircraft, including cmmercial passenger jets.(这也导致了无人机与包括商用客机在内的其他飞机之间"险些相撞"的次数增加)"可知,无人机可能造成的潜在危险是无人机可能会与正在空中飞行的客机相撞。故选B。
4.推理判断题。文章第一段中提出"designed t safeguard privacy"登记无人机是为了保护隐私;第三、四段是提到"The mve cmes after sharp rise in the number f drnes…""the rise has prmpted cncerns ver privacy"无人机数量的增加,引起人们对无人机引起的隐私问题的关注,这是要登记无人机的原因;第五段是关于无人机操作的高度、离人和建筑物的距离、要求操作者通过网上测试等方面作出具体的要求。由此可推断,文章关注的是登记无人机的重要性。故选C。
But is the traffic jam a sign f failure? Lng queues at restaurants r theater bx ffices are seen as signs f success. Shuld transprtatin systems be viewed any differently? I think we shuld recgnize that the traffic jam is an unpreventable by-prduct(副产品) f successful cities, and view the "traffic prblem" in a different light.
Cities exist because they imprve scial cmmunicatin and ecnmic trade. The traffic jam ccurs where there are lts f peple but limited space. Culturally and ecnmically successful cities have the wrst traffic prblems, while decaying cities dn't have much traffic. New Yrk and Ls Angeles are America's mst crwded cities. But if yu want access t majr brkerage huses(经纪行), yu will find them easier t reach in crwded New Yrk than in any ther large cities. And if yur cmpany needs access t pst-prductin film editrs r satellite-guidance engineers, yu will reach them mre quickly thrugh the crwded freeways f LA than thrugh less crwded rads elsewhere.
Despite the traffic jam, a larger amunt f scial cmmunicatin and ecnmic trade can be made better in large, crwded cities than elsewhere. Seen in this light, the traffic jam is an unfrtunate result f prsperity(繁荣), nt a cause f the ecnmic fall and urban decay. S while we can cnsider the traffic jam as increasing cst in the areas f big cities, the cst f inaccessibility in uncrwded places is almst certainly greater.
There is n dubt that the traffic jam brings the terrible ecnmic and envirnmental damage in places like Bangkk, Jakarta, and Lags. But mbility(流动性) is far higher and traffic jam levels are far lwer here in the US, even in ur mst crwded cities. That's why, fr nw, we dn't see peple and capital streaming ut f San Francisc and Chicag, heading fr cities like El Centr and McAllen.
1. We can cnclude frm the first paragraph that _____.
A. the traffic jam and weather are the tw factrs preventing the develpment f big cities
B. the traffic jam seems t be very difficult t deal with
C. if traffic engineers try their best, the traffic jam can be slved
D. public fficials are always criticized fr misusing their pwer
2. By saying "decaying" (in Para. 3), the authr prbably means _____.
A. less pwerful and influentialB. develping
C. rich and successfulD. small-sized
3. What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. The traffic jam has caused terrible effects in cities such as Bangkk and Lags.
B. The traffic jam in San Francisc has resulted in the capital flwing ut.
C. The traffic jam level in Jakarta is lwer than that in the US.
D. McAllen is as crwded and successful as San Francisc.
4. What's the authr's pinin n the traffic jam?
A. In cities, the traffic jam is avidable.
B. The traffic jam is bth a sign f failure and a sign f success.
C. The traffic jam is the result f successful cities.
D. The traffic jam can prmte scial cmmunicatin and ecnmic trade.
2. As data and identity theft becmes mre and mre cmmn, the market is grwing fr bimetric(生物测量) technlgies—like fingerprint scans—t keep thers ut f private e-spaces. At present, these technlgies are still expensive, thugh.
Researchers frm Gergia Tech say that they have cme up with a lw-cst device(装置) that gets arund this prblem: a smart keybard. This smart keybard precisely measures the cadence(节奏) with which ne types and the pressure fingers apply t each key. The keybard culd ffer a strng layer f security by analyzing things like the frce f a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique t each persn. Thus, the keybard can determine peple's identities, and by extensin, whether they shuld be given access t the cmputer it's cnnected t—regardless f whether smene gets the passwrd right.
It als desn't require a new type f technlgy that peple aren't already familiar with. Everybdy uses a keybard and everybdy types differently.
In a study describing the technlgy, the researchers had 100 vlunteers type the wrd "tuch" fur times using the smart keybard. Data cllected frm the device culd be used t recgnize different participants based n hw they typed, with very lw errr rates. The researchers say that the keybard shuld be pretty straightfrward t cmmercialize and is mstly made f inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hpes t make it t market in the near future.
1. Why d the researchers develp the smart keybard?
A. T reduce pressure n keys.B. T imprve accuracy in typing.
C. T replace the passwrd system.D. T cut the cst f e-space prtectin.
2. What makes the inventin f the smart keybard pssible?
A. Cmputers are much easier t perate.
B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develp fast.
C. Typing patterns vary frm persn t persn.
D. Data security measures are guaranteed.
3. What d the researchers expect f the smart keybard?
A. It'll be envirnment-friendly.B. It'll reach cnsumers sn.
C. It'll be made f plastics.D. It'll help speed up typing.
4. Where is this text mst likely frm?
A. A diary.B. A guidebk.C. A nvel.D. A magazine.
3. Sand, sun, fitness, and fun were ppular at the LeapFrg's Fit Made Fun Day event n September 6.With LeapFrg's new LeapBand activity tracker, the event tk place at Santa Mnica Beach in Califrnia t educate kids abut staying active.
The LeapBand is LeapFrg's newest prduct. It straps(用带子系好) nt the wrist, like a watch, and features a virtual(虚拟的) pet that kids can care fr. Kids d activities such as walking like a penguin and ppping like ppcrn t earn pints and pwer-ups, which unlck new pets and rewards.
"We want t make sure kids understand that getting up, getting active, having fun, and getting healthy tips can all be part f their daily lives," says Greg Ahearn, wh wrks fr LeapFrg."Our gal with the LeapBand is t get kids up and active and having fun."
The event included creative fitness activities fr kids and parents. Artie Green and Easy A.D., wh are a part f an rganizatin called Hip Hp Public Health, perfrmed sngs and taught dances. There were pht pprtunities, healthy snacks, and gdie bags t.
Mia Hamm, a frmer member f the United States natinal wmen's sccer team, is the fficial spkespersn fr the LeapBand. Hamm tk part in Wmen's Wrld Cups and the Olympics. When she was abut 15, she knew that her sprt was sccer. "I lved the way it challenged me every single day," she said. Hamm says exercising shuld be fun "whether it's playing sccer with yur friends r hpping n ne ft r dancing". She advises aspiring athletes(有志向的) t "g fr it. It's a lt f hard wrk, but it's meaningful".
Later in the afternn, the crwd came tgether t try t break three Guinness Wrld Recrds: the mst peple making sand angels, the mst peple hpping n ne ft, and the mst peple ding the swim dance. Participants(参加者) enjyed exercising tgether, dancing, hpping, and flapping alng t music. Better yet, they brke all three recrds! Ahearn hpes these families and many mre cntinue t take part in fitness activities. "Fun is the mst imprtant thing," he says.
1.The event LeapFrg's Fit Made Fun Day is t ________.
A.encurage participants t break Guinness Wrld Recrds
B.intrduce LeapFrg's newest prduct—the LeapBand
C.instruct peple, especially kids t keep an active lifestyle
D.find suitable vlunteers t care fr virtual pets
2.Accrding t the passage, what can we knw?
A.Kids dn't understand the value f active life.
B.The activities f the event are cncerned with fitness.
C.Sccer desn't mean a lt t Hamm.
D.Ahearn thinks breaking all three recrds is the mst imprtant thing.
3.The fifth paragraph mainly intends t tell us Mia Hamm ________.
A.is active in sprts activities
B.was a famus wman sccer player
C.acts as the spkespersn fr the LeapBand
D.calls n peple t d sprts activities
4.What's the main purpse f the passage?
A.T sell a prduct.B.T prvide infrmatin abut an activity.
C.T prmte an activity.D.T describe an experience.
4. During the rsy years f elementary schl(小学), I enjyed sharing my dlls and jkes, which allwed me t keep my high scial status. I was the queen f the playgrund. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cl kids. They rse in the ranks nt by being friendly but by smking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jkes n thers, amng whm I sn fund myself.
Ppularity is a well-explred subject in scial psychlgy. Mitch Prinstein, a prfessr f clinical psychlgy srts the ppular int tw categries: the likable and the status seekers. The likables' plays-well-with-thers qualities strengthen schlyard friendships, jump-start interpersnal skills and, when tapped early, are emplyed ever after in life and wrk. Then there's the kind f ppularity that appears in adlescence: status brn f pwer and even dishnrable behavir.
Enviable as the cl kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein's studies shw unpleasant cnsequences. Thse wh were highest in status in high schl, as well as thse least liked in elementary schl, are "mst likely t engage (从事) in dangerus and risky behavir."
In ne study, Dr. Prinstein examined the tw types f ppularity in 235 adlescents, scring the least liked, the mst liked and the highest in status based n student surveys(调查研究). "We fund that the least well-liked teens had becme mre aggressive ver time tward their classmates. But s had thse wh were high in status. It clearly shwed that while likability can lead t healthy adjustment, high status has just the ppsite effect n us."
Dr. Prinstein has als fund that the qualities that made the neighbrs want yu n a play date—sharing, kindness, penness—carry ver t later years and make yu better able t relate and cnnect with thers.
In analyzing his and ther research, Dr. Prinstein came t anther cnclusin: Nt nly is likability related t psitive life utcmes, but it is als respnsible fr thse utcmes, t. "Being liked creates pprtunities fr learning and fr new kinds f life experiences that help smebdy gain an advantage," he said.
1.What srt f girl was the authr in her early years f elementary schl?
A.Unkind.B.Lnely.C.Generus.D.Cl.
2.What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A.The classificatin f the ppular.B.The characteristics f adlescents.
C.The imprtance f interpersnal skills.D.The causes f dishnrable behavir.
3.What did Dr. Prinstein's study find abut the mst liked kids?
A.They appeared t be aggressive.B.They tended t be mre adaptable.
C.They enjyed the highest status.D.They perfrmed well academically.
4.What is the best title fr the text?
A.Be Nice—Yu Wn't Finish LastB.The Higher the Status, the Better
C.Be the Best—Yu Can Make ItD.Mre Self-Cntrl, Less Aggressiveness
5.Think f the last time yu disagreed with anther persn. Maybe yu argued with a sibling (兄弟; 姊妹)ver what t watch n TV. Or perhaps yu tried t cnvince grwn-ups that ice cream made a better dinner than vegetables. Hw did yur disagreement end? Were yu able t see the issue frm the ther persn's viewpint?
In many situatins, disagreements are unavidable. They're part f life. After all, everyne has different pinins. We all have past experiences that shape hw we see the wrld. Still, nt all disagreements are bad. In fact, many peple lk at them as pprtunities t learn. They d s by trying t understand where bth sides are cming frm.
Hw can yu understand bth sides f an issue? Often, it's best t start by asking questins. Questins help us learn abut the wrld arund us. The right questins can als help us learn abut ther peple. In a disagreement, asking fr mre infrmatin can help yu learn abut a persn's viewpint. It can als lead yu t gather mre facts. This can paint a better picture f the entire issue.
When we are seeking t understand bth sides f an issue, it's imprtant t knw the difference between facts and pinins. Remember, facts are based n true infrmatin. Opinins can change frm persn t persn. Paying attentin t facts can stp biases(偏见)frm taking ver in a disagreement. This can help everyne invlved see bth sides f the issue.
Maybe yu're wndering why it's imprtant t understand bth sides f an issue, anyway. After all, dn't mst peple just want t prve that their side is right? Often, that's true. Hwever, understanding the whle issue can lead t bth sides wrking tgether.
Disagreements may be uncmfrtable at first. Hwever, when bth sides truly try t understand each ther, they ften find they have mre in cmmn than they thught. The next time yu disagree with anther persn, try asking him questins abut his viewpint. Yu never knw what yu might learn.
1. What des the underlined wrd "s" refer t in Paragraph 2?
A. Ignring chances t learn.
B. Knwing mre abut themselves.
C. Shaping a right way t see the wrld.
D. Making the disagreements a chance t learn.
2. Accrding t the passage, hw can we slve a disagreement?
A. By changing the ther's pinins.
B. By making bth sides cmfrtable.
C. By trying t stand in thers' shes.
D. By telling facts and pinins apart.
3. Hw des the authr supprt his view?
A. By reasning.
B. By describing.
C. By persuading.
D. By questining.
4. What's the authr's attitude t peple's arguments?
A. Indifferent.
B. Pessimistic.
C. Psitive.
D. Skeptical.
6. Many kids wuld likely argue that their lunchtime is t shrt. While the precius breaks after class are used t relax and chat with friends, students als need t scarf dwn a full meal t fuel them thrugh the rest f the day.
But it is fund that students need mre than few minutes t cnsume(消耗) thse much-needed nutrients(营养).Lnger lunchtime is healthier. The study cmpared fd chices with the amunt f time students are given t eat. Students with less than 20 minutes fr lunch ate less, including nutritinal fruits and vegetables.
Natinwide, the average(平均的) lunchtime is abut 30 minutes. But researchers fund that the real lunchtime can get cut dwn t less than 10 minutes. Researchers researched 1,001 students in lw-incme neighbrhds in Massachusetts that had lunchtime between 20 and 30 minutes. Students with shrter lunchtime were less likely t even chse a fruit in their lunch: 44 percent f students with 20-minute time picked up an apple r range.
Mre than 30 millin children, half f all public schl children natinwide, accrding t the Suthern Educatin Fundatin, eat lw-cst r free lunches every day under the Natinal Schl Lunch prgram. With the 2010 Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act, schl lunches have seen an verhaul(详细检查) in their nutritinal guidelines, with an increase in whle grains(全谷类), lw-fat chices, fruits and vegetables.
While increasing lunchtime and cutting int class time may nt be a pssible chice fr many schls, whse funding depends n the results f tests. Researchers suggested simplifying the lunch lines s that students can make the mst ut f the time they have.
1.The underlined phrase "scarf dwn" in the first paragraph means "________".
A.discussB.ckC.eatD.imprve
2.If students' lunchtime is less than 20 minutes, they wuld ________.
A.have healthier lunchesB.eat mre vegetables
C.have less chicesD.be shrt f prper nutritin
3.What d nearly half students chse t eat if they nly have 20 minutes fr lunch?
A.The vegetables.B.The milk.C.The meat.D.The fruits.
4.Why wuldn't schls cut int class time in the last paragraph?
A.Because the students will nt have the enugh healthy chice.
B.Because the nn-ideal result f the test will influence the schl fund.
C.Because the schl will have t imprve lunch quality.
D.Because the students will waste their lunchtime playing.
7. When was the last time yu went t yur lcal library? Last week? A mnth ag? A year ag?
Fr many reasns, brrwing bks frm libraries seems t be in decline. With advances in technlgy, it is nw pssible fr peple t dwnlad and read whatever they like n electrnic devices such as Kindles. It has been argued that ding this is cheaper than buying hard-cpy bks. They are als lightweight, making them ideal fr travelling.
Call me ld fashined, but I've never gt int the e-bks: I like t have printed bks lining my bkshelves; I lve the smell f a new bk; and I enjy leafing thrugh paper pages— as lng as I avid the paper cuts!
S, I prefer paper bks, and I als prefer t wn them myself. Libraries nly lend bks, s what use are they t smene like me, r t smene wh nly reads electrnic bks?
Persnally, I still lve libraries. They ffer a quiet space t sit, read, think, d research…a real escape frm the utside wrld. When I was at university, I frequently spent hurs at the library and brrwed numerus jurnals, articles and ther printed materials, as it was just t expensive t buy brand new bks every week. Libraries are free!
Libraries ften rganize a series f interesting activities as well. My lcal library hsted actrs, histrians and ther speakers during the twn's annual art and literature festival. Well-knwn authrs are als invited t libraries t give speeches r lead discussins abut their wrk. Events such as these are a great way t appeal t peple f all ages in the cmmunity and encurage the use f libraries.
There are still many fantastic ways t use libraries —maybe we just need t be mre awake t them!
1.What is the writer's purpse f using questin sentences in Paragraph 1?
A.T intrduce the tpic f the passage.
B.T make readers answer questins.
C.T give readers sme advice.
D.T cnduct a survey.
2.What can we knw abut e-bks?
A.They are easy t buy.
B.They are cheap and easy t take.
C.They can be brrwed frm libraries.
D.They are a waste f energy.
3.What des the underlined wrd "them" in Paragraph 4 refer t?
A.Libraries.B.E- bks.C.Paper bks.D.Bkshelves.
4.What is the best title f the passage?
A.The end f the library?
B.The reasns fr my lving libraries!
C.Which is better, e-bks r paper bks?
D.The last time f visiting yur lcal library!
8. Tens f thusands f drne (无人机)wners will have t register their devices fr the first time under regulatins designed t safeguard privacy.
Rules intrduced yesterday require all drnes that are fitted with cameras t be lgged with the Civil Aviatin Authrity (CAA). Anyne wh fails t d s faces being taken t curt and fined up t £1,000. Drnes heavier than 250g already have t be registered with the CAA, which csts £9 and must be renewed annually, but the new measures extend this requirement t all devices, including the lightweight mdels that are used by hbbyist pilts.
The mve cmes after sharp rise in the number f drnes bught by enthusiasts r thse perating them fr cmmercial reasns, such as t inspect infrastructure r fr phtgraphy and filming.
Hwever, the rise has prmpted cncerns ver privacy, with fears that drnes are being used t spy n private residences and ther buildings. It has als led t an increase in the number f near-misses between drnes and ther aircraft, including cmmercial passenger jets. The latest figures shw 531 near-misses invlving drnes were lgged in the past decade, including 125 recrded in 2019.
By law drnes are suppsed t be perated within an peratr's line f sight. They have t remain belw an altitude f 400ft t avid interfering with aircraft and flwn at least 164ft away frm peple and buildings. The gvernment has already tughened up regulatins in recent years. This includes requiring all peratrs t pass an nline test befre being allwed t fly devices. Other changes t the regulatins include allwing drnes that weigh up t 25kg t be perated, cmpared with a previus limit f 20kg.
Devices will als fall int three new categries f risk --high, medium and lw -- depending n hw they will be flwn. Lw-risk drnes, including thse typically used by hbbyists, will have peratinal limitatins but will nt need authrisatin (授权)fr flights. Authrisatin is needed fr larger medium-risk and high-risk drne flights, which are typically carried ut in mre cmplex envirnments, including thse beynd the peratr's line f sight, which is banned under nrmal circumstances.
Christian Struwe, the directr f public plicy, said f the new regulatin: "It simplifies different prcesses and allws custmers t travel frm cuntry t cuntry withut having t wrry abut different rules in different freign lcatins."
1.Why must the drne wners register their devices?
A.T prtect their rights f flying drnes.
B.T avid breaking the new regulatins.
C.T make sure their drnes meet the weight requirement.
D.T fllw the rules nt t invade thers' privacy.
2.What des the underlined wrds in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A.Updated every day.B.Replaced every mnth.
C.Redesigned every year.D.Registered every year.
3.What is the ptential danger drnes prbably cause?
A.Drnes will be used fr cmmercial purpses.
B.Drnes prbably crash int passenger planes while in use.
C.Operating drnes requires higher qualificatin.
D.It is impssible t avid being spied by drnes.
4.What des the passage mainly fcus n?
A.Hw t make a standard drne.
B.Hw drnes are perated by enthusiasts.
C.The imprtance f registering the drnes.
D.The negative effect f drnes n peple.
答案以及解析
1.答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.A; 4.C
解析：1.考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"like the weather, n ne seems t d anything abut it"可知,人们对交通堵塞现象无能为力,说明交通堵塞问题很棘手,难以解决。故选B。
2.考查词义猜测。由该词所在句子中的while(而,却)表对比可知, decaying的意思应与上文中的successful相反。故选A。
3.考查细节理解。根据最后一段第一句"There is n dubt that the traffic jam brings the terrible ecnmic and envirnmental damage in places like Bangkk, Jakarta, and Lags"可知A项正确,其他选项均与文中事实不符。故选A。
4.考查观点态度。根据第二段最后一句和第五段可知,作者认为交通拥挤是城市成功的一个不可避免的副产品,应该从另一个不同的角度来看待交通拥挤现象。文中作者并没有提到交通堵塞是一种失败。故选C。
2.答案：1-4.DCBD
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句"At present, these technlgies are still expensive, thugh."以及第二段第一句"Researchers frm Gergia Tech say that they have cme up with a lw-cst device that gets arund this prblem: a smart keybard."可推知,研究者研发这种智能键盘是为了降低网络安全保护技术的成本。注意题干、正确选项以及原文中一些词汇的多次呼应现象:develp与cme up with是同义词,expensive与lw-cst是反义词,cut the cst与lw-cst相呼应。故选D。
2.推理判断题。题干问的是"是什么让智能键盘的发明成为可能?",也就是问这一发明的核心依据是什么。根据第二段中的"These patterns are unique t each persn. Thus, the keybard can determine peple's identities..."可知, 正是因为每个人的打字模式不同, 这种智能键盘才可以通过分析用户的打字力度及节奏等来判断该用户是不是安全访客, 故C项符合题意。解答该题的关键是看懂题干的意思,即智能键盘的核心依据是什么。故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据题干"研究者对于智能键盘有什么期望?"可直接定位到最后一段的最后一句话"The team hpes t make it t market in the near future.",该团队希望在不久的将来将智能键盘推向市场。注意:题干中的expect与原文中的hpe呼应,答案选项中的cnsumers与原文中的market呼应。故选B。
4.文章出处题。根据本文的话题"智能键盘"以及第二段中的"Researchers frm Gergia Tech say that they have cme up with a lw-cst device...",尤其是其中的关键词researchers, lw-cst device等来推断,这篇文章是一篇科研报道,最有可能出现在杂志上。故选D。
3.答案：1.C; 2.B; 3.D; 4.B
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"t educate kids abut staying active"和第三段第一句话可知,C项正确。这项活动的目的是让人们,尤其是孩子,保持一种积极的生活方式。故选C。
2.细节理解题。无论是孩子们的活动还是后面试图打破吉尼斯世界纪录的活动都和运动健康有关。故选B。
3.段落大意题。通读第五段尤其是最后一句可知,Mia Hamm认为运动是可以给人带来快乐的,也是有意义的,故她是想呼吁人们做体育运动。故选D。
4.写作意图题。本篇文章是新闻报道,全文的意图是提供一项活动的信息。故选B。
4.答案：1-4.CABA
解析：1.推理判断题。本题题干意为:作者在上小学的低年级时是什么样的女孩?根据题干中的early years f elementary schl可定位到第一段第一句中的During the rsy years f elementary schl, I enjyed sharing my dlls and jkes (喜欢分享玩偶和笑话),因此可以推断作者是大方的。A:不友善的;B:孤独的;D:酷的。故选C。
2.主旨大意题。本题题干意为:第二段的主要内容是什么? 根据第二段第二句 Mitch Prinstein, a prfessr f clinical psychlgy srts the ppular int tw categries: the likable and the status seekers.可知,本段对受欢迎的人进行分类。B:青少年的特点;C:人际交往技巧的重要性;D:不光彩行为的原因。故选A 。
3.细节理解题。本题题干意为:Prinstein博士的研究中针对最受喜欢的小孩的发现是什么?根据题干中的study和the mst liked kids 可定位到第四段中的 It clearly shwed that while likability can lead t healthy adjustment, high status has just the ppsite effect n us。healthy adjustment(调整,适应) 对应B项中的adaptable(能适应的)。 A:他们显得有侵略性;C:他们喜欢最高的地位;D:他们学习成绩很好。故选B。
4.主旨大意题。本题题干意为:本文最好的标题是什么?文章将受欢迎的人分成两类—讨人喜欢的人和追逐高地位的人。根据对这两种人的介绍可以总结出整篇文章都是在引导读者做讨人喜欢的人,对人友善、学会分享、敞开心扉。B:地位越高越好;C:做到最好—你可以做到;D:自制力越强,侵略性越小。故选A。
5.答案：1-4DCAC
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段中的Still, nt all disagreements are bad. In fact, many peple lk at them as pprtunities t learn.知,并非所有的分歧都是糟糕的,事实上,许多人把它们看作是学习的机会。由此可推断,s指的是把分歧当作学 .习的机会。故选D。
2.推理判断题。根据第一段中的Hw did yur disagreement end? Were yu able t see the issue frm the ther persn's viewpint?可知,这两句以提问的形式引出结束分歧的方式,即从对方的角度看问题;根据最后一段中的 Disagreements may be uncmfrtable at first. Hwever, when bth sides truly try t understand each ther, they ften find they have mre in cmmn than they thught.可知,分歧一开始可能会让人不舒服。然而,当双方真正试图理解对方时, 往往会发现他们的共同点比他们想象的要多。由此可推断,要想解决分歧,双方要真正去理解对方,站在对方的立场上想问题。故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据第.三段中的Hw can yu understand bth sides f an issue? Often, it's best t start by asking questins.可知,理解关于问题的双方意见最好从问问题开始;根据第四段中的 When we are seeking t understand bth sides f an issue, it's imprtant t knw the difference between facts and pinins.可知,试图了解关于问题的双方意见时,了解事实和观点之间的区别是很重要的;根据最后一段中的 Disagreements may be uncmfrtable at first. Hwever, when bth sides truly try t understand each ther, they ften find they have mre in cmmn than they thught.可知,分歧一开始可能会让人不舒服。然而,当双方真正试图理解对方时, 往往会发现他们的共同点比他们想象的要多。由此可推断, 作者通过推理来支持他的观点。故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据第二段In many situatins, disagreements are unavidable. They're part f s by trying t understand where bth sides are cming frm.可知,在许多情况下,分歧是不可避免的。他们是生活的一部分。 毕竟,每个人都有不同的看法。我们都有过去的经历,这些经历塑造了我们对世界的看法。不过,并非所有的分歧都是糟糕的。事实上,许多人把它们看作是学习的机会。由此可推断,作者对人们的争端持积极态度。故选C。
6.答案：1.C; 2.D; 3.D; 4.B
解析：1.词句猜测题。根据划线词后的部分a full meal t fuel them thrugh the rest f the day.(一顿饱饭可以为他们一天剩下的时间提供能量)由此可知,这里指的是吃一顿饭。"scarf dwn"的意思是吃,A. discuss讨论;B. ck做饭;C. eat吃;D. imprve改善。故选C。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段Students with less than 20 minutes fr lunch ate less, including nutritinal fruits and vegetables.(午餐时间少于20分钟的学生吃得更少,包括有营养的水果和蔬菜。)由此推知,如果学生的午餐时间少于20分钟,他们就会缺乏适当的营养。故选D。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段44 percent f students with 20-minute time picked up an apple r range.(44%的学生在20分钟的用餐时间内,会拿一个苹果或桔子。)由此可知,如果只有20分钟的午餐时间,近一半的学生会选择吃水果。故选D。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段While increasing lunchtime and cutting int class time may nt be a pssible chice fr many schls, whse funding depends n the results f tests.(而增加午餐时间和缩短上课时间对许多学校来说是一个不可能的选择,因为它们的资金依赖于考试的结果。)由此可知,学校不缩短上课时间是因为测试结果的不理想会影响学校的经费。故选B。
7.答案：1.A; 2.B; 3.C; 4.A
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段中的"When was the last time yu went t yur lcal library? Last week? A mnth ag? A year ag?"你最后一次去当地图书馆是什么时候?上周吗?一个月前?一年前?可知,作者在第一段中使用几个问题,目的是为了引入这篇文章的话题.故选A.
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"It has been argued that ding this is cheaper than buying hard-cpy bks. They are als lightweight, making them ideal fr travelling."有人认为这样做比买纸质书便宜.它们也很轻,很适合旅行.可知,电子书既便宜又容易携带。故选B。
3.代词指代题。根据第四段中的"S, I prefer paper bks, and I als prefer t wn them myself."所以,我更喜欢纸质书,我也更喜欢自己拥有它们.可知,划线词them指代的就是本句中的paper bks。故选C。
4.标题归纳题。根据第一段"When was the last time yu went t yur lcal library? Last week? A mnth ag? A year ag?"你最后一次去当地图书馆是什么时候?上周吗?一个月前?一年前?及下文论述可知,作者论述的话题是"我们真的不需要图书馆了吗?"可知,A. The end f the library? (图书馆终结了吗?适合做本文最佳标题。故选A。
8.答案：1.D; 2.D; 3.B; 4.C
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段中"Tens f thusands f drne wners will have t register their devices fr the first time under regulatins designed t safeguard privacy. (按首次规定,成千上万的无人机所有者必须登记他们的设备,旨在保护隐私)"可知,无人机所有者必须登记他们的设备是为了让他们遵守规则,不侵犯他人隐私。故选D。
2.词义猜测题。划线词前提到"Drnes heavier than 250g already have t be registered with the CAA, which csts £9(超过250克的无人机已经必须在CAA注册,费用为9英镑)" ;根据第一段中"register their devices fr the first time …"这项规定是首次执行,以后应该会持续下去。由此可以猜测,"renew"与上文的"register"语义相关。因此可以猜测"renewed annually"意思为"每年重新登记"。故选D。
3.细节理解题。根据文章第四段中"It has als led t an increase in the number f near -misses between drnes and ther aircraft, including cmmercial passenger jets.(这也导致了无人机与包括商用客机在内的其他飞机之间"险些相撞"的次数增加)"可知,无人机可能造成的潜在危险是无人机可能会与正在空中飞行的客机相撞。故选B。
4.推理判断题。文章第一段中提出"designed t safeguard privacy"登记无人机是为了保护隐私;第三、四段是提到"The mve cmes after sharp rise in the number f drnes…""the rise has prmpted cncerns ver privacy"无人机数量的增加,引起人们对无人机引起的隐私问题的关注,这是要登记无人机的原因;第五段是关于无人机操作的高度、离人和建筑物的距离、要求操作者通过网上测试等方面作出具体的要求。由此可推断,文章关注的是登记无人机的重要性。故选C。
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