专题27完形填空之记叙文类-2023年高考英语一轮复习 精讲与精练资料（教师版）

专题27完形填空之记叙文类
《考点•题型 •技巧》

考向分析

全国卷对完形填空的考查，近几年来一直以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，以说明文和议论文为辅。从选材到试题的设置都呈现出＂稳中有变＂的特点：
1. 题材相对稳定：文章的选材都是中学生熟悉的话题，能够传递正能量，弘扬社会主义核心价值观，读后
能给考生带来心灵的启迪。且文章大多原汁原味，语言地道，注重思想性和教育性，具有积极的教育意义，体现出了课程标准中对培养学生的情感、态度和价值观的要求。
2. 文章短小精悍：完形填空的文章长度一般为250词左右，结构完整，脉络清晰，难度适中，全文设置20个空格，要求考生根据文章的整体内容，从层次结构和上下文的逻辑关系方面选择符合文章情节的选项， 很少涉及纯语法知识试题。
3. 稳定中有变化：近几年高考完形填空在选项的设置上，打破了传统的四个选项类别一致的命题规律。

复习建议

在记叙文类完形填空的解题过程中，除了需要具备扎实的语言知识之外，还需要一套过硬的解题方法和技巧，很明显，如果掌握了正确的解题思路，就会起到事半功倍的效果，从而大幅度提高正确率。
1. 读透首句，掌握主旨
重视首句，明确短文话题，了解篇章结构，预测全文内容。绝大多数记叙文的作者都会用一句话点明人物的姓名、身份或事件发生的时间、地点，然后再逐渐深入介绍事件的发生、发展，最后得出结论，所以读透句首对学生了解全文至关重要，这就是我们理解文章内在联系的＂突破口＂。
2. 跳空速读全文，掌握中心
速读全文要求一气呵成，跳过空格，快速阅读，领会大意，把握中心。重点了解记叙文的要素，如：时间、地点、人物和事件等，从整体上把握文章的叙述顺序和结构主线。
3. 身临其境，故事重构
采取换位思考的方式，假设自己就是故事的主人公，在此情此景下，模拟故事的情景，体会人物的心情，推理故事的发展，体验作者的心情以及观点和态度等，这样才能对故事或事件有一个贴切的把握，才能选出符合语境的选项。同时要注意文化背景知识和生活常识。
4. 关注末段，注意感想
最后一段通常是作者的有感而发、心理体验或经验教训等。要注意结合语境选用合适的形容词、副词、动词或名词等。
5. 浏览全文，复查核定
根据记叙文的线索，考生一定要进行回查，仔细推敲，校正全文，使故事恢复原貌。检查要点是：
（1）语意是否前后一致；
（2）上下文是否通顺连贯，内容是否完整；
（3）所选词汇是否符合语法、句法结构；
（4）文化背景和生活常识是否合理。

考点导航

记叙文是记人叙事的文章，它主要是用于说明事件的时间、背景、起因、过程及结果，即我们通常所说的五个" W "( what, who, when, where, why )和一个" H "( how )。记叙文的重点在于"述说"和"描写"，因此一篇好的记叙文要叙述条理清楚，描写生动形象。
1. 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过"我"来传达给读者，使人读后感到真实可信，如身临其境。如：
The other day, I was driving along the street. Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast. I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side. But it was too late. The car hit my bike and I fell off it.
用第三人称叙述，优点在于叙述者不受"我"活动范围以内的人和事物的限制，而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者，直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前，文章的客观性很强。如：
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard. On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover. Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short. What could he do? Then he had a good idea.
2. 动词的时态
在记叙文中，记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高，且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的，这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化，正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3. 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙，都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作，较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙，读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果，让所叙之事跌宕起伏，使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃，从而为文章所吸引，深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当，则容易弄巧成拙，使文章结构散乱，头绪不清，让读者不知所云。
4. 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如：
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things. Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao. It is really a beautiful city. There are many places of interest to see. But what impressed me most was the sunrise.
The next morning I got up early. I was very happy because it was a fine day. By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red. In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing. The sun was very red, not shining. It rose slowly. At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball. At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright.
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5. 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述，可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态，使记叙生动、有趣，使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果：
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something. Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front. I thought maybe someone was knocking the door. I asked who it was but I heard no reply. After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor. I realized it was the cat. I felt released.
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字，但经作者这么一写，就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式，没有人物语言，把"悬念"给冲淡了。可作如下调整：
I was in the kitchen cooking something. "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front. Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply. After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor. "Its you." I said, quite released.
记叙文类完形填空可分为记事和记人两种形式，记叙时间、地点、人物和事件等，文章长度在300词左右。
文章首句一般不设空，以情景意义考查为主，淡化对语法的考查，4个选项词类相同，设空以实词为主，即动词、名词、形容词、副词为主，虚词为辅，即介词、连词，代词为辅，几乎不涉及情态动词与冠词。近几年记叙文文体完形填空的选文突出了叙述上的灵活性、事件的趣味性和教育性，再加上生词量的增大，及复合句的增多，考生在此题上的失分仍然很严重。因此，如在读懂原文的情况下减少失误是目前考生面临的重大问题。

1.细读文章首句，推测全文内容
完形填空通常首句是一个完整的句子，它提供的信息是把握全文主旨的关键，是理解全文大意的一扇窗户，所以理解首句信息显得很重要。一般情况下，高考完形填空首句不设空。少数情况下，即使设空，也是在句子末尾，不影响考生对句意的把握。
2.通读全文，理清各个角色
一般来说，记叙文有两个或两个以上的角色，作者对这些角色的态度是不一样的，即便是对做同样一件事的人，作文突出了叙述上的灵者也不一定采用同样的态度来描述。只有把握好每个人物生词量的增大，及复：的特点和内心世界，才能更好地定位文章的中心思想，更准然很严重。因此，如何确地选出答案。
3.理顺事件线索，找准发展方向
记叙文一般按事件发展的顺序来叙述（有时用倒叙）,正确把握文章的发展顺序对把握文章的主脉有着重要的意义。因此，在选择答案时要事先理清人物间的关系及各自所做的事情。
4.描摩作者意图，弄清蕴含哲理
记叙文一般通过一件平常事来说明一个人生哲理，或作者的感悟，因此把握好其中的道理，对理解细节有更为准确的作用。注意不要把自己的观点放到文章中去，一切都以作者或主人公的态度和观点为线索展开。
5.把握时间线索，做出正确判断
有些记叙文叙述一件事，故事情节随着时间而不断推进。我们可以抓住里面的时间线索，利用情节的变化来巧妙地做出判断。
【题型分析】

My previous home had a stand of woods behind it and many animals in the backyard.
That first year, I 11 feeding peanuts to the blue jays, then the squirrels. The squirrels had no 12 coming up right to me for them . As the months went by , the rabbits saw that I was no 13 and didn't escape.
【解析】
根据首句，确定出本文讲述的主题：“我”以前家的后面有一片树林，在后院有很多动物；国绕这一主题展开故事。
11.A.avoided B. started C. canceled D. suggested
【解析】：第一年，“我”开始给冠蓝码喂花生吃，然后又喂松鼠。start doing sth.“开始做某事”
12.A.business B. fun C. problem D. privilege
【解析】：松鼠毫无困难（problem),直接上来享用花生。
13.A.help B. cheat C. threat D. exception
【解析】：几个月过去了，兔子见“我”没有威胁，不逃走了。threat"威胁”，符合语境。
【答案】：11.B12.C13.C

I passed the clean comb back to Dad. He smiled at me and 41 placed his comb on his wallet. But this time, I noticed something 42 .Dad had aged. He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled, 43 his smile was still as 44 as before, the smile of a father who just wanted a good 45 for his family.
41.A.firmly B. hurriedly C. casually D. carefully
【解析】：父亲对“我”笑了笑，小心地（carefully)把梳子放在他的钱包上。firmly“坚决地”，hurriedly“匆忙地”，casually“随便地”，均不符合文意。
42.A.different B. exciting C. interesting D. urgent
【解析】：但是，这一次，“我”注意到一些不同的（different)事情后文中的“Dad had aged. He had wrinkles...”也是暗示。
43 . A . for B. or C. so D. yet
【解析】：根据空处上下文的语境可知，此处表示意思上的转折，故要用yet“然而，但是”。
44.A.convincing B. heartwarming C. cautious D. innocent
【解析】：父亲的微笑仍然像以前一样令人感到幸福快乐(heartwarming)。convincing"令人信服的，有说服力的”；cautious"谨慎的，十分小心的”；innocent"无辜的，无罪的”，均不符合文意。
45.A.origin B. life C. reputation D. education
【解析】：从父亲的笑中，作者体会到父亲是想让自己的家人有好的生活（life)。
【答案】：41.D 42.A 43.D 44.B 45.B

Obediently(顺从地）,my class lay their heads on their desks, closed their eyes and 42 . When the music started , the room was filled with the most beautiful tones and musical colors I could have ever imagined. All the children were 43. When the music finished, I asked them all to raise their 44 slowly so that we could share our musical journeys.
42.A.slept B. nodded C. waited D. continued
【解析】：学生们趴在课桌上，闭着眼睛，等待（waited)着播放音乐。
43.A.talking B. singing C. dancing D. listening
【解析】：根据前一句的“When the music started”可知，此处指所有学生都在听着音乐。故选D。
44.A.legs B. heads C. arms D. shoulders
【解析】：根据前一句的“When the music started”可知，此处指所有学生都在听着音乐。故选D。
【答案】：42.C 43.D 44.B

It 37 me that playing against the other team was a great 38 moment for all the girls on the team. I think it is a general principle. 39 is the best teacher. The lessons they learned may not be 40 what they would have gotten in school, but are certainly more personal and meaningful , because they had to work them out on their own .
37.A.confused B. struck C. reminded D. warned
【解析】：这不由让作者想起和其他队比赛也是一个难得的学习机会。It strikes sb. that...“让某人突然想到……”，为固定句型。
38 . A . touching B. thinking C. encouraging D. learning
【解析】：本句与文章首句“Where do you go when you want to learn something"还有下文The lessons they learned ma not...照应。
39 . A . Experience B. Independence C. Curiosity D. Interest
【解析】：结合上文的比赛情况可知，“经验”是最好的老师。
40.A.harmful to B. mixed with C. different from D. applied to
【解析】：这些经验与她们在学校学到的东西可能不会有太大的“不同”，但是肯定更加深入、更加有意义，因为这她们自己摸索出来的。different from"与……不同”，符合语境。
【答案】：37.B38.D39.A40.C

That second year, the rabbits 15 me, and one would even sit up for slices!...
By year three, the rabbits and the groundhog were back.
The groundhog 23 didn't have a problem with me scratching her back , and I got an idea .
15.A.feared B. ignored C. discovered D. remembered
【解析】：第二年，兔子记得“我”，甚至有一只会坐着享用胡萝卜片。remember"想起，记得”。
23 . A . also B. thus C. just D. still
【解析】：第三年，兔子和土拨鼠回来了。“我”用手指抓挠土拨鼠的背仍然（still)没有困难。
【答案】：15.D23.D
检测训练

1、Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 21 . He learned the value and beauty of 22 there from a very young age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something ____23____ happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the ____24____ it caused had driven away a number of birds. ____25____, the number of snakes had declined as well. He ____26____ that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the 27 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 28 during the daytime. He turned to the 29 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 30 a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
31 young plants in the dry season was 32 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 33 of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 34 rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below.
Molai __35_____ to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
21. A. dream B. job C. home D. choice
22. A. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge
23. A. precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward
24. A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage
25. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise
26. A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted
27. A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dust
28. A. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter
29. A. labor B. police C. forest D. finance
30. A. rebuilt B. discovered C. left D. managed
31. A. Decorating B. Observing C. Watering D. Guarding
32. A. tough B. illegal C. fantastic D. beneficial
33. A. back B. top C. foot D. side
34. A. cool down B. keep off C. purify D. collect
35. A. returned B. learned C. failed D. continued
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。Molai决定改变这一切，他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30多年的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。
21.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A. dream梦想；B. job工作；C. home家；D. choice选择。根据空前的second可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄附近的一些”湿地”成为了他的第二个”家”。故选C。
22.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A. nature自然；B. youth青春，年轻；C. culture文化；D. knowledge知识。湿地展现了”大自然”的价值和美。故选A。
23.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时，Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A. precious宝贵的；B. interesting有趣的；C. disturbing令人不安的，引起烦恼的；D. awkward尴尬的，笨拙的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选C。
24.考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成损害赶走了很多鸟类。A. waste废物；B. tension紧张；C. pain疼痛，痛苦；D. damage损害，伤害。洪水侵袭这个地区，它会”损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。
25.考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides此外，另外；B. However但是；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据as well可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇的数量减少。故选A。
26.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. agreed同意；B. realized意识到；C. remembered记住，记起；D. predicted预测。Molai”意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。
27.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. noise噪音；B. heat热；C. disease疾病；D. dust尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热的影响。故选B。
28.考查名词词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A. directions方向；B. partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C. help帮助；D. shelter遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。树木可以给动物们提供”遮蔽”。故选D。
29.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A. labor劳动；B. police警察；C. forest森林；D. finance财政，金融。根据前一句中的”The solution, of course, was to plant trees”可知，Molai想要种树，所以他应该向”森林”部门求助。故选C。
30,考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。A. rebuilt重建；B. discovered发现；C. left离开；D. managed设法做成。根据前面的”looking on his own”可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故选B。
31.考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. Decorating装饰；B. Observing观察到；C. Watering浇水；D. Guarding守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Molai想尽办法收集水的努力。再结合该句中的”the dry season”可知，在旱季给幼苗”浇水”很难。故选C。
32.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. tough困难的；B. illegal非法的；C. fantastic极好的；D. beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知，Molai想尽办法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很”难”。故选A。
33.考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. back背部；B. top顶端；C. foot脚；D. side一边，一侧。根据该段最后一句”The water would then drip on the plants below”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平台应该在每棵树苗的”顶端”。故选B。
34.考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. cool down冷却下来；B. keep off与……保持距离；C. purify净化，使纯净；D. collect收集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上”收集”雨水。故选D。
35.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37年里，Molai继续种树。A. returned返回；B. learned学会；C. failed失败；D. continued继续。根据后一句可知，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。由此推知，在接下来的37年里，他”继续”种树。故选D。
2、There are good stories to be found in nearly every volunteer experience. But Laurie Scott is positive that 1 an exchange student produces some of the greatest.
As a long-time volunteer with an agency that helps 2 students connect with warm and caring 3 during their time in the US, Scot sees first-hand both the humor and the very deeply meaningful outcomes. Scott 4 Christine, for example, a student from Norway. 5 at a restaurant one day, Christine was asked if she wanted a soup or salad. The girl turned to Scott with 6 , “Why would I want a super salad?” Trying not to laugh too hard, Scott 7 that what the waiter had asked was whether she wanted “soup or salad”.
Scott and her husband 8 volunteered to be a host family in August 2003. They had just moved to Las Vegas, and she was looking for a way to get connected in the community. “The concept of helping 9 world peace through understanding is what makes me 10 . Through the agency I have found the best part of my community in our great families and have been able to share the 11 side of the US with our students.”
Time and again, her 12 to service has opened hearts. In fact, she says, one of their amazing experiences came from 13 one hosted student, a young man from Germany named Jens, about how Americans volunteer. In Germany, where young people are 14 to spend a year serving in the army, volunteer service is 15 . Therefore, Jens was so 16 by the concept of giving that he 17 the agency to help promote exchanges, and became very involved with local schools.
18 all stories that come out of international exchange, there’s a (an) 19 in this one: Opening our hearts and 20 is something we can all do.
1. A. adopting B. hosting C. raising D. teaching
2. A. international B. promising C. needy D. urban
3. A. relatives B. colleges C. houses D. friends
4. A. misses B. remembers C. praises D. loves
5. A. Queuing B. Working C. Calling D. Ordering
6. A. surprise B. anger C. delight D. fear
7. A. announced B. realised C. explained D. concluded
8. A. obviously B. frequently C. probably D. originally
9. A. make up B. give away C. take over D. bring about
10. A. talented B. involved C. organized D. relaxed
11. A. familiar B. flexible C. positive D. controversial
12. A. sacrifice B. devotion C. response D. addiction
13. A. teaching B. reminding C. questioning D. warning
14. A. required B. advised C. determined D. considered
15. A. compulsory B. widespread C. valid D. unusual
16. A. frightened B. relieved C. attracted D. challenged
17. A. founded B. inspired C. joined D. permitted
18. A. Except B. Like C. Rather than D. Regardless of
19. A. difference B. anecdote C. amusement D. lesson
20. A. minds B. homes C. eyes D. schools
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. B
11. C 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. D 16. C 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. B
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了斯科特做志愿者家庭接待国际学生的过程中遇到的事情以及做志愿者工作的意义。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：斯科特很肯定接待一个交换生会产生一些伟大的故事。A. adopting 采纳；B. hosting 接待，主办；C. raising 提高，养育，募集；D. teaching 教。根据下文中“Scott and her husband____8____volunteered to be a host family in August 2003.(斯科特和他老公最初自愿成为寄宿家庭是在2003年8月份)”可知，此处应填hosting。故选B。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个帮助国际学生在美国期间与温暖关爱的家庭建立联系的中介公司的长期志愿者，斯科特亲眼看到了幽默和意义深远的结果。A. international 国际的；B. promising 有前途的；C. needy需要的；D. urban 城镇的。根据下文“Scott_______Christine, for example, a student from Norway.(例如，斯科特想起了克里斯汀，一位来自挪威的学生)”可知，这是来自挪威的学生，所以应是帮助国际学生。故选A。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：：作为一个帮助国际学生在美国期间与温暖关爱的家庭建立联系的中介公司的长期志愿者，斯科特亲眼看到了幽默和意义深远的结果。A. relatives 亲戚；B. colleges 大学；C. houses住所，家庭成员；D. friends 朋友。根据上下文可知，此处指国际学生来到美国，中介公司帮助他们与寄住家庭建立联系，斯科特是志愿者。故选C。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，斯科特想起了克里斯汀，一位来自挪威的学生。A. misses思念；B. remembers 记起，想起；C. praises 表扬；D. loves 爱。根据上文可知，提到幽默，斯科特想起了一位曾经接待过的挪威学生。故选B。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天在一家餐馆点餐时，克里斯汀被问到是要喝汤还是吃沙拉。A. Queuing 排队；B. Working 工作；C. Calling 叫喊； D. Ordering 点餐。根据下文“Trying not to laugh too hard, Scott____7____that what the waiter had asked was whether she wanted “soup or salad”.(尽量笑的不要太厉害，斯科特解释说服务生问的是你想要“汤还是沙拉”)”可知，这是在餐馆点餐。故选D。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个女孩惊讶地转向斯科特，“我为什么要吃超级沙拉？”A. surprise 惊讶；B. anger生气；C. delight 开心；D. fear 害怕。根据后半句女孩问的话，可知女孩很惊讶服务生问的话。故选A。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽量笑的不要太厉害，斯科特解释说服务生问的是你想要“汤还是沙拉”。A. announced 宣布；B. realised 意识到；C. explained解释；D. concluded 得出结论。根据下半句“what the waiter had asked was whether she wanted “soup or salad””可知，这里是斯科特向女孩解释服务生问的话。故选C。
8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：斯科特和他老公最初自愿成为寄宿家庭是在2003年8月份。A. obviously明显地；B. frequently频繁地；C. probably可能地；D. originally起初，最初。根据“in August 2003”可知，这里描述最初作志愿者的情况。故选D。
9. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过理解帮助他人实现世界和平的理念让我参与其中。A. make up 编造，化妆；B. give away 赠送；C. take over 夺取；D. bring about 带来。根据句意可知，斯科特认为帮助能带来和平。故选D。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过理解帮助实现世界和平的理念让我参与其中。A. talented 天赋高的；B. involved 参与其中的，相关的；C. organized有组织的；D. relaxed 放松的。根据上文“Scott and her husband____8____volunteered to be a host family in August 2003. (斯科特和他老公最初自愿成为寄宿家庭是在2003年8月份)”可知，斯科特做了志愿者，所以她参与志愿者的工作。故选B。
11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过中介公司，我发现我们社区最好的一部分在我们伟大的家族中，并且我可以和我们的学生分享美国积极的一面。A. familiar 熟悉；B. flexible 灵活的；C. positive积极的；D. controversial 有争议的。根据上半句“Through the agency I have found the best part of my community in our great families”可知，作者想和学生分享积极的一面。故选C。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一次又一次，她对服务的奉献精神打开了心扉。A. sacrifice 牺牲；B. devotion 奉献；C. response回应；D. addiction 上瘾。根据上下文可知，她很热衷于做志愿者服务。故选B。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说，实际上，他们其中一个奇妙经历来自教一个寄宿生，一个来自德国的名叫延斯的学生，关于美国人如何做志愿者的事情。A. teaching教；B. reminding 提醒；C. questioning质问；D. warning 警告。根据空格后“one hosted student”以及“about how Americans volunteer”可知，这里指教寄宿学生关于美国人如何做志愿者的事情。故选A。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在德国，年轻人被要求服兵役一年，做志愿者服务是异常的。A. required要求；B. advised建议；C. determined 决定；D. considered 考虑。根据空格后“serving in the army”可知，服兵役是强制要求的。故选A。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在德国，年轻人被要求服兵役一年，做志愿者服务是异常的。A. compulsory义务的；B. widespread广泛传播的；C. valid 有效的；D. unusual 异常的，稀有的。根据上半句可知，在德国，年轻人被要求服兵役，所以做志愿者是异常的。故选D。
16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：延斯被给予的理念深深吸引，所以他加入了中介公司来帮助推动交流并且他密切联系当地学校。A. frightened 害怕；B. relieved 放松；C. attracted 吸引；D. challenged 挑战。根据后半句可知，他被这一理念深深吸引。故选C。
17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：延斯被给予的理念深深吸引，所以他加入了中介公司来帮助推动交流并且他密切联系当地学校。A. founded 建立；B. inspired鼓舞，激励；C. joined参加；D. permitted允许。根据下文“became very involved with local schools”可知，他加入了中介公司一起推动交流项目。故选C。
18. 考查介词和固定搭配辨析。句意：就像所有国际交流的故事一样，这里有一个教训：打开我们的心扉和我们的家园是我们所有人都能做到的。A. Except 除了，B. Like就像C. Rather than 而不是；D. Regardless of 不管不顾。根据文章可知，这个故事只是所有交流故事中的一个，但跟其他的故事一样，都有一个共同的教训。故选B。
19. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像所有国际交流的故事一样，这里有一个教训：打开我们的心扉和我们的家园是我们所有人都能做到的。A. difference 不同；B. anecdote 趣闻，轶事；C. amusement 娱乐；D. lesson 课程，教训。根据下文“Opening our hearts and____20____is something we can all do.”可知，这是一个总结的经验教训。故选D。
20. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像所有国际交流的故事一样，这里有一个教训：打开我们的心扉和我们的家园是我们所有人都能做到的。A. minds思想；B. homes 家园；C. eyes 眼睛；D. schools 学校。根据上文“Scott and her husband____8____volunteered to be a host family in August 2003.(斯科特和他老公最初自愿成为寄宿家庭是在2003年8月份)可知，这里是指给寄宿学生提供家园住所。故选B。
3、I work as a waiter at a restaurant. Last night an elderly couple came into the restaurant and my co-worker 1 them. We usually do our own tables, but because we were so 2 last night that we helped each other out. Then the elderly couple 3 to me that they were ready to order.
The husband began ordering and it was very clear that he had a 4 disorder. I could tell the wife had told her husband very complexly what she wanted, as a way for him to 5 ordering. It took a while for him to order, and in the meantime she was sitting there and she looked so proud and 6 despite her husband’s immense stammering (结巴).
Honestly, the whole thing just had a strong influence on me. It was beautiful and just made me that a huge part of 8 is acceptance, tolerance and support. She could have made the order and made things a lot 9 for her husband and avoided the 10 from other tables, but she didn’t. Instead, she 11 him and was proud to see him 12 the order.
This whole thing reminded me that life is 13 for all of us. I assumed these wealthy people had everything going well for them and I’m sure they do, but it just reminded me that all of us have our 14 . I initially took their 15 of wanting to order as being rude, but I think they signaled it because he really wanted to get the order right.
1. A. comforted B. seated C. asked D. ignored
2. A. cautious B. anxious C. late D. busy
3. A. signaled B. pointed C. adjusted D. appealed
4. A. hearing B. mind C. speech D. sleep
5. A. consider B. enjoy C. imagine D. practice
6. A. awkward B. content C. upset D. curious
7. A. realize B. expect C. wonder D. admit
8. A. love B. praise C. reward D. dream
9. A. clearer B. slower C. safer D. easier
10. A. congratulations B. cheers C. wishes D. stares
11. A. protected B. supported C. evaluated D. urged
12. A. complete B. accept C. take D. obey
13. A. valuable B. difficult C. unfair D. peaceful
14. A. strengths B. problems C. fears D. mistakes
15. A. command B. opinion C. gesture D. purpose
【答案】BDACD BAADD BABBC
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者在餐馆工作的时候,遇到一对老夫妻，丈夫患有语言障碍，但是妻子给予丈夫支持，让丈夫独立完成点菜。作者明白了爱就是包容、容忍和支持。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：昨晚，一对老夫妇来到餐厅，我的同事给他们安排座位坐下。A. comforted安慰；使（痛苦等）缓和；B. seated向……提供座位；（使）就座；C. asked要求；询问；D. ignored忽略；不理睬。根据后文“We usually do our own tables, but because we were so ___2 __ last night that we helped each other out.”可知，餐馆的工作人员每个人都负责自己的桌子，照顾自己的顾客，但是昨晚餐馆应是很忙，同事之间会互相帮忙。这里表示作者的同事招待这两位老人坐下来。故选B项。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们通常负责自己的桌子，但是因为我们昨晚太忙了，所以我们互相帮助。A. cautious谨慎的；小心的；B. anxious焦虑的；紧张的；C late迟到的；晚的；D. busy忙碌的。根据后文“we helped each other out”可推知，作者他们互相帮助对方，说明那天客人多，餐馆的工作人员都比较忙。故选D项。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后那对老夫妇示意他们可以点菜了。A. signaled发信号；示意；B. pointed指向；表明；C. adjusted调整；D. appealed吸引。根据后文“they were ready to order”可知，他们要点餐了，结合常识可知，应是用手势示意服务员。故选A项。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：丈夫开始点菜，很明显，他有语言障碍。A. hearing听力；听觉；B. mind精神；才智；C. speech演讲；说话的能力；D. sleep睡眠。根据后文“stammering(结巴)”可知，这位老人患有语言障碍。故选C项。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可以看出，这位妻子很复杂地告诉了她的丈夫她想要什么，作为他练习点菜的一种方式。 A. consider考虑；认为；B. enjoy喜欢；享受；C. imagine想象；D. practice练习。根据前文“I could tell the wife had told her husband very complexly what she wanted”可知，作者推测那位妻子很复杂地告诉了她丈夫她想要什么，然后让结巴的丈夫点餐，应是想要通过点餐让他进行“说话”练习。故选D项。
6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他点了一会儿菜，与此同时，她坐在那里，尽管她丈夫结结巴巴地说个不停，她看上去是那么骄傲和满足。A. awkward令人尴尬的；使人难堪的；B. content满意的；C. upset心烦的；D. curious好奇的。与空前的“proud”并列，所选词表示妻子对丈夫的表现感到自豪和满意。故选B项。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它很美，让我意识到爱的很大一部分是接纳、宽容和支持。A. realize意识到；实现；B. expect期待；期望；C. wonder好奇；想知道；D. admit承认；接收；准许进入。根据前文“Honestly, the whole thing just had a strong influence on me.”可知，整件事对作者有很大的影响，使作者有了新的认识。故选A项。
8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它很美，让我意识到爱的很大一部分是接纳、宽容和支持。A. love热爱；爱；B. praise表扬；称赞；C. reward奖励；报酬；D. dream梦想。根据语境和后文“acceptance, tolerance and support”可知，接受、容忍和支持是作者从这对夫妇的点餐事件中获得的关于“爱”的认识。故选A项。
6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她本可以帮丈夫点餐，让事情变得容易一些，也可以避开其他桌位的目光，但她没有。A. clearer更清楚的；B. slower更慢的；C. safer更安全的；D. easier更容易的。根据前文作者的假设“She could have made the order”可知，如果妻子点餐而不是结巴的丈夫点餐，事情会简单容易的多。故选D项。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她本可以帮丈夫点餐，让事情变得容易一些，也可以避开其他桌位的目光，但她没有。A. congratulations祝贺；B. cheers欢呼；喝彩；C. wishes希望；祝愿；D. stares（尤指不友好或吃惊的）盯；凝视。结合语境以及根据空前的“avoided”和后面的“from other tables”可知，如果妻子点餐而不是结巴的丈夫点餐，就可以避免周围人们的目光了。故选D项。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，她支持他，并为他完成点餐而感到自豪。A. protected保护；B. supported支持；供养；C. evaluated评价；评估；D. urged敦促；鼓动。根据前文“It took a while for him to order, and in the meantime she was sitting there and she looked so proud”可知，丈夫点餐虽然耗时较长，但是妻子是感到骄傲的，由此可知，她是支持他的。故选B项。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，她支持他，并为他完成点餐而感到自豪。 A. complete结束；完成；B. accept接受；C. take拿走；花费；D. obey遵守。根据前文“It took a while for him to order”可知，丈夫在结巴的情况下完成了点餐。故选A项。
13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这整件事提醒我生活对我们所有人来说都很艰难。A. valuable有价值的；珍贵的；B. difficult困难的；C. unfair不公平的；D. peaceful平静的；和平地。结合语境可知，后文的“these wealthy people”应是指像作者招待的这对老年夫妇一样的人，且根据后文“I assumed these wealthy people had everything going well for them”可知，作者原本认为这些富人一切顺利，但通过点餐事件，作者意识到每个人都有自己的问题和困难。故选B项。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以为这些有钱人都过得很好，我也确信他们是这样的，但这提醒了我，我们每个人都有自己的问题。A. strengths力量；长处；B. problems问题；C. fears害怕；D. mistakes错误。根据前文“This whole thing reminded me that life is ___13___ for all of us.”可知，这件事提醒了作者生活对于所有人来说都不容易，因此本句呼应前文，应是表达“每个人都有自己的问题”。故选B项。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一开始我认为他们想点餐的动作很粗鲁，但我认为他们这样做是因为他真的很想把餐点对。A. command命令；（尤指对语言的）掌握；运用能力；B. opinion观点；看法；C. gesture手势；姿势；D. purpose目的。呼应后文“signaled it”，所填空应是指点餐手势。故选C项。
4、When my daughter, Mia, was invited to a kids’ pool party, my heart sunk. My 41 sometimes got in the way of me doing activities with her.
There were moments that should have 42 as a warning, like the family party where I had frightening heart palpitations(心悸) and saw Mia looking at me in 43 , but I just nut it to the back of my 44 .
One day, one close friend 45 me, “Seriously, you are the biggest YOU I’ve ever seen. So, from now on you’re coming to the Slimming World group with me.” Later, her words 46 in my mind. There I was, aged 33, overweight and starting to have heart 47 . What would Mia do if she lost her dad?
48 , I was pulled into the group. With the consultant’s explanation of the eating plan, I started a dinner with lots of vegetables. The next week, I was 49 to find I’d lost 6 pounds—this might actually 50 !
With more confidence, I decided to practise swimming, 51 one day being a body-confident dad, splashing(戏水) around 52 at a pool party with Mia. As I 53 my swimming distance, my weight loss become even 54 . Mia loved seeing the change in me and the 55 shone on her face.
I’m also proud of myself for turning my life around, for Mia.
41. A. weight B. sight C. height D. look
42. A. escaped B. served C. stopped D. disappeared
43. A. joy B. excitement C. curiosity D. horror
44. A. neck B. hand C. mind D. shoulder2
45. A. taught B. laughed C. asked D. warned
46. A. worked B. circled C. woke D. rose
47. A. examinations B. functions C. problems D. researches
48. A. Immediately B. Calmly C. Gradually D. Fairly
49. A. upset B. sad C. amazed D. nervous
50. A. fade away B. settle down C. break out D. pay off
51. A. imagining B. forgetting C. admitting D. worrying
52. A. slowly B. happily C. secretly D. cautiously
53. A. observed B. predicted C. increased D. measured
54. A. evident B. dull C. reliable D. strange
55. A. anger B. anxiety C. fear D. pride
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. C 50. D
51. A 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。“我”在33岁的时候体重超标，而且出现了严重的心悸状况，这也影响到了“我”和女儿的互动。在朋友的劝诫下，为了女儿，“我”开始重视体重问题，和朋友一起参加减肥小组。在取得了一点进步后，“我”燃起了成功的希望，决定练习游泳，随着游泳距离的增加， “我”的体重下降变得更加明显。女儿看到“我”的变化也感到非常骄傲。
41. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的体重有时会妨碍我和她一起活动。A.weight体重；B.sight视力；C.height高度；D.look表情。根据“There I was, aged 33, overweight”(当时我33岁，体重超标)可知，此处是讲“我”的体重有时会妨碍“我”和她一起活动。故选A。
42. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些时刻本应被当作一种警告，比如在家庭聚会上，我有可怕的心悸，看到米娅惊恐地看着我，但我只是把它抛在脑后。A.escaped逃跑；B.served可作……用；C.stopped停止；D.disappeared消失。根据“like the family party where I had frightening heart palpitations ”可知，此处是指这些时刻本来应被当作一种警告。故选B。
43. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些时刻本应被当作一种警告，比如在家庭聚会上，我有可怕的心悸，看到米娅惊恐地看着我，但我只是把它抛在脑后。A.joy快乐；B.excitement兴奋；C.curiosity好奇；D.horror恐惧。根据“I had frightening heart palpitations”可知，此处是指米娅惊恐地看着“我”。故选D。
44. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些时刻本应被当作一种警告，比如在家庭聚会上，我有可怕的心悸，看到米娅惊恐地看着我，但我只是把它抛在脑后。A.neck脖子；B.hand手；C.mind头脑；大脑；D.shoulder肩膀。根据“There were moments that should have served as a warning”可知，事实上“我”并没有重视这些警告，所以是把它抛在脑后。故选C。
45. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，一个好朋友警告我……A.taught教学；B.laughed大笑；C.asked询问；D.warned警告。根据“Seriously, you are the biggest YOU I’ve ever seen.”(说真的，你是我见过的最大的你。)可知，此处是指一个好朋友警 告“我”。故选D。
46. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，她的话在我脑海里盘旋。A.worked工作；B.circled盘旋；C.woke醒来；D.rose上升。根据“What would Mia do if she lost her dad?”(如果米娅失去了父亲，她会怎么样？)可知，“我”开始思考朋友说的话，所以是她的话在“我”脑海里盘旋。故选B。
47. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时我33岁，体重超标，开始出现心脏问题。A.examinations测试；B.functions功能；C.problems问题；D.researches调查。根据“I had frightening heart palpitations”可知，此处是指开始出现心脏问题。故选C。
48. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我立刻被拉进了小组。A.Immediately立刻；B.Calmly平静地；C.Gradually渐渐地；D.Fairly相当地。根据“So, from now on you’re coming to the Slimming World group with me.”(所以，从现在开始，你要和我一起去减肥世界小组。)和“What would Mia do if she lost her dad?”可知，“我”在听了朋友的话后意识到了问题的严重性，所以立刻进入了减肥小组。故选A。
49. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接下来的一周，我惊讶地发现我减掉了6磅——这可能真的会成功！A.upset失落的；B.sad伤心的；C.amazed惊奇的；D.nervous紧张的。根据“find I’d lost 6 pounds”可知，此处是指“我”惊讶地发现“我”减掉了6磅。故选C。
50. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：接下来的一周，我惊讶地发现我减掉了6磅——这可能真的会成功！A.fade away逐渐消失；B.settle down定居；C.break out爆发；D.pay off取得成功。根据“find I’d lost 6 pounds”可知，在发现自己真的减下来一些体重后，“我”燃起成功的希望。故选D。
51. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有了更多的自信，我决定练习游泳，想象有一天我能成为一个身材自信的爸爸，和米娅在泳池派对上快乐地嬉戏。A.imagining想象；B.forgetting忘记；C.admitting承认；D.worrying担心。根据“one day being a body-confident dad”可知，此处是指想象有一天能成为一个身材自信的爸爸。故选A。
52. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了更多的自信，我决定练习游泳，想象有一天我能成为一个身材自信的爸爸，和米娅在泳池派对上快乐地嬉戏。A.slowly慢慢地；B.happily快乐地；C.secretly秘密地；D.cautiously谨慎地。根据“splashing around”可知，此处是指快乐地嬉戏。故选B。
53. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我游泳距离的增加，我的体重下降变得更加明显。A.observed观察；B.predicted预测；C.increased增加；D.measured测量。根据“my weight loss become even evident”可知，此处是指增加游泳距离。故选C。
54. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着我游泳距离的增加，我的体重下降变得更加明显。A.evident明显的；B.dull钝的；C.reliable可靠的；D.strange奇怪的。根据“Mia loved seeing the change in me”(米娅喜欢看到我的改变)可知，此处是指体重下降变得更加明显。故选A。
55. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：米娅喜欢看到我的变化，骄傲的神情在她脸上流露出来。A.anger生气；B.anxiety焦虑；C.fear恐惧；D.pride骄傲。根据“Mia loved seeing the change in me”可知，米娅对“我”的改变感到骄傲。故选D。
5、Muhammad Yunus, a professor of economics in Chittagong University, is the founder of Grameen Bank. His bank 1 people to borrow small amounts of money to start business. He and the bank were 2 awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts to help bring millions of people, especially women, out of 3 .
During his visit to the poorest 4 in the village of Jobra near his university, Yunus met a woman who made bamboo stools. To 5 her business going, she had to take out usurious loans to buy the bamboo. He went around the village and found 42 women who were in the same 6 . He made a loan of $ 27 from his own 7 to the women, and told them to pay it back 8 they could. Yunus believed that if given the chance the poor would 9 the borrowed money, and microcredit could be a good business model. He got all the money back, and then he went to other 10 and did the same thing. The official banks didn't want to get involved in what he was doing, so Yunus 11 to start his own bank. By July 2007, the Grameen Bank had 12 $ 6.38 billion to 7.4 million borrowers.
The success of Grameen Bank has 13 similar efforts in many countries throughout the developing world, and even in rich nations like the USA. More than 94% of Grameen loans have gone to 14 , who suffer from poverty and who are more 15 than men to devote their earnings to their families.
1. A. agrees B. allows C. attracts D. wishes
2. A. hopefully B. actually C. luckily D. jointly
3. A. balance B. loss C. poverty D. home
4. A. households B. students C. teachers D. children
5. A. keep B. catch C. run D. find
6. A. dream B. situation C. business D. place
7. A. tuition B. school C. bank D. pocket
8. A. while B. if C. whenever D. as
9. A. save B. afford C. earn D. repay
10. A. cities B. villages C. workshops D. countries
11. A. managed B. turned C. chanced D. offered
12. A. collected B. given C. issued D. donated
13. A. appreciated B. inspired C. appealed D. made
14. A. families B. people C. women D. villagers
15. A. miserable B. difficult C. fortunate D. likely
【答案】BDCAA BDCDB ACBCD
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了Muhammad Yunus通过开设银行，给穷人们提供小额贷款创业，帮助他们摆脱贫困的故事。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的银行允许人们借少量的钱来创业。A. agrees同意；B. allows允许；C. attracts吸引；D. wishes希望。根据后文“people to borrow small amounts of money to start business”可知这家银行允许人们小额贷款来创业。故选B。
2. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他和这家银行共同被授予诺贝尔和平奖，以表彰他们为帮助数百万人，特别是妇女摆脱贫困所做的努力。A. hopefully有希望地；B. actually实际上；C. luckily幸运地；D. jointly共同地。根据前后文“He and the bank were … awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts”可知，Yunus和这家银行共同被授予诺贝尔和平奖，故选D。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他和世界银行共同被授予诺贝尔和平奖，以表彰他们为帮助数百万人，特别是为妇女摆脱贫困所做的努力。A. balance平衡；B. loss损失；C. poverty贫困；D. home家。对应后文中“who suffer from poverty”Yunus帮助的都是穷人，故此处指为妇女摆脱贫困所做的努力。故选C。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Yunus在大学附近的乔布拉村拜访最贫穷的家庭时，遇到了一个做竹凳的女人。A. households家庭；B. students学生；C. teachers老师；D. children孩子。根据后文“in the village of Jobra near his university”可知Yunus去的是大学附近的村庄，拜访最贫穷的家庭。故选A。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了维持生意，她不得不借高利贷来买竹子。A. keep保持，维持；B. catch抓住；C. run奔跑；D. find找到。根据后文“she had to take out usurious loans to buy the bamboo”可知妇女借高利贷来买竹子是为了维持生意运转。故选A。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在村子里转了一圈，发现42名妇女也有同样的情况。A. dream梦想；B. situation情况；C. business生意；D. place地方。根据上文“He went around the village and found 42 women who were in the same”可知贫穷的村子里还有其他42名妇女也有类似借高利贷维持生意的情况。故选B。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从自己的口袋里借了27美元给那些女人，并告诉她们什么时候还钱都可以。A. tuition学费；B. school学校；C. bank银行；D. pocket口袋。根据上文“He made a loan of $ 27 from his own”可知27美元是Yunus从自己口袋里借出的。故选D。
8. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：他从自己的口袋里借了27美元给那些女人，并告诉她们什么时候还钱都可以。A. while在……期间；B. if如果；C. whenever无论何时；D. as因为。Yunus借钱是因为这些人穷，所以他说他们什么时候还这27美元都行，whenever符合语境。故选C。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Yunus认为，如果给穷人机会，他们会偿还所借的钱，小额信贷可能是一种很好的商业模式。A. save拯救；B. afford买得起；C. earn赚得；D. repay回报，偿还。对应上文“pay it back”指偿还所借的钱，应用repay。故选D。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他拿回了所有的钱，然后他去了其他村庄，做了同样的事情。A. cities城市；B. villages村庄；C. workshops车间；D. countries国家。根据上文“in the village of Jobra near his university”以及本句“he went to other … and did the same thing”可知Yunus拿回自己借出的钱后，又去了其他村庄，做了同样的事情。故选B。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：官方银行不想介入他所做的事情，所以Yunus设法开办了自己的银行。A. managed管理，设法做到；B. turned转变；C. chanced偶然；D. offered提供。根据后文“to start his own bank”可知，Yunus设法开办了自己的银行，manage to do sth.“设法做成某事”。故选A。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到2007年7月，Grameen银行已经向740万借款人发行了63.8亿美元贷款。A. collected收集；B. given给予；C. issued发行；D. donated捐赠。根据后文“$ 6.38 billion to 7.4 million borrowers”指Yunus的银行向740万借款人发行了63.8亿美元贷款，issue符合语境。故选C。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Grameen银行的成功激发了许多发展中国家进行类似操作，甚至在美国这样的富裕国家。A. appreciated感激；B. inspired鼓舞，激发；C. appealed呼吁；D. made制作。根据后文“similar efforts in many countries throughout the developing world, and even in rich nations like the USA”可知Grameen银行的做法激发了其他国家也进行类似的操作，故选B。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：超过94%的Grameen贷款发放给了妇女，她们饱受贫困之苦，而且比男性更有可能把她们的收入用于家庭。A. families家庭；B. people人；C. women女人；D. villagers村民。结合本文主要讲述借款给贫穷的女性，再根据后文“than men to devote their earnings to their families”可知超过94%的贷款发给了妇女，因为她更有可能把收入用于家庭。故选C。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：超过94%的Grameen贷款发放给了妇女，她们饱受贫困之苦，而且比男性更有可能把她们的收入用于家庭。A. miserable悲惨的；B. difficult困难的；C. fortunate幸运的；D. likely可能的。根据后文“than men to devote their earnings to their families”指妇女比男性更有可能把她们的收入用于家庭。故选D。
6、My family went on holiday for a week this summer. I was surprised to learn the sleeping 71 for the night — my young daughter had agreed to sleep in a first-floor bedroom by herself.
As we 72 , we discussed the deer we had 73 on our way. “I hope we could see a bear or two this 74 !” my wife shouted. At bedtime, my wife and I went to the upstairs room, and my parents-in-law (岳父母) headed for a 75 on the first floor. My wife and I were about to sleep when our daughter appeared with a/an 76 look on her face. She said a 77 was scratching (刮出刺耳声) at her window. I decided it would be best if I slept downstairs and my daughter shared the room with my wife.
On my way down, I passed my father-in-law, asleep in front of the 78 .
I was in bed only a few minutes when I heard a tap … tap on the window outside. Something was indeed out there. 79 , it wasn’t a bear — I told myself. I fell asleep soon. Some time later, I was 80 by a strange sound. I saw a large 81 in the doorway and froze as it 82 closer to me. I realized what it was — only after my father in-law bent down to give me a kiss. “It’s David.” My father-in-law jumped back. We laughed 83 at the awkward moment, and I explained his granddaughter’s bedroom 84 . I told him that the only thing 85 than a bear attack was Papa Bear coming in to kiss me good-night.
71. A. schedules B. arrangements C. plots D. routines
72. A. settled in B. broke in C. looked down D. calmed down
73. A. shot B. hunted C. trained D. spotted
74. A. evening B. week C. month D. year
75. A. study B. kitchen C. bedroom D. bathroom
76. A. worried B. embarrassed C. delighted D. satisfied
77. A. dog B. deer C. cat D. bear
78. A. house B. television C. door D. fire
79. A. Besides B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However
80. A. awakened B. interrupted C. impressed D. struck
81. A. figure B. person C. animal D. ghost
82. A. climbed B. jumped C. inched D. rolled
83. A. eagerly B. sincerely C. secretly D. nervously
84. A. preference B. switch C. difference D. choice
85. A. prettier B. funnier C. scarier D. stranger
【答案】71. B 72. A 73. D 74. B 75. C 76. A 77. D 78. B 79. D 80. A
81. A 82. C 83. D 84. B 85. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者一家度假时，小女儿同意自己睡在一楼的卧室里，结果正要睡觉时女儿说有熊在抓她的窗户，于是作者和女儿换了房间。作者睡着后被奇怪的声音吵醒，结果是岳父，他本来是想给孙女晚安吻的，结果不知道作者和女儿换了房间，两人都尴尬地笑了。
71. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：得知当晚的睡觉安排时，我很惊讶——我的小女儿同意自己睡在一楼的卧室里。A. schedules时间表；B. arrangements安排；C. plots情节；D. routines常规。根据后文“my young daughter had agreed to sleep in a first-floor bedroom by herself”提到小女儿同意睡在一楼的卧室，可推测是做睡觉房间的安排，故选B。
72. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：歇下后，我们谈起路上看到的那只鹿。A. settled in迁入，歇息；B. broke in闯入；C. looked down往下看；D. calmed down平静下来。上文提到做睡觉安排，可推测此处是指他们歇息下以后开始谈论路上看到的鹿。故选A。
73. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：歇下后，我们谈起路上看到的那只鹿。A. shot发射；B. hunted狩猎；C. trained训练；D. spotted发现。根据上文“we discussed the deer we had”指路上看到的鹿，应用spot。故选D。
74. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望这周能看到一两只熊！A. evening晚上；B. week周；C. month月；D. year年。呼应第一段中“My family went on holiday for a week this summer.”指度假这一周看到熊。故选B。
75. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：睡觉的时候，我和妻子去了楼上的房间，岳父岳母去了一楼的卧室。A. study书房；B. kitchen厨房；C. bedroom卧室；D. bathroom浴室。根据上文“At bedtime”可知睡觉时间应当是去卧室休息。故选C。
76. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和妻子正要睡觉时，我们的女儿出现了，脸上带着忧虑的神情。A. worried担心的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. delighted高兴的；D. satisfied满意的。后文提到女儿说有熊在抓窗户，可知女儿是带着忧虑的神情。故选A。
77. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说有只熊在抓她的窗户。A. dog狗；B. deer鹿；C. cat猫；D. bear熊。根据后文“it wasn’t a bear — I told myself”可知女儿以为是熊在抓窗户。故选D。
78. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我下楼的路上，我遇到了在电视机前睡觉的岳父。A. house房子；B. television电视；C. door门；D. fire火。根据上文“asleep in front of the”结合当时是在室内，推测岳父是在电视机前睡着了。故选B。
79. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我告诉自己，那不是一只熊。A. Besides此外；B. Therefore因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而。上文提到确实有东西在那里，后文说告诉自己那不是一只熊，前后为转折关系，应用however。故选D。
80. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，我被一个奇怪的声音吵醒了。A. awakened唤醒；B. interrupted打断；C. impressed使印象深刻；D. struck罢工。根据后文“by a strange sound”指被奇怪的声音吵醒，awaken符合语境。故选A。
81. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到门口有一个巨大的身影，当它一点点靠近我时，我愣住了。A. figure身影；B. person人；C. animal动物；D. ghost鬼。根据后文“only after my father in-law bent down to give me a kiss”可知作者一开始看到一个巨大的身影在门口，故选A。
82. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到门口有一个巨大的身影，当它一点点靠近我时，我愣住了。A. climbed攀爬；B. jumped跳跃；C. inched缓慢前进；D. rolled滚动。根据后文“closer to me. I realized what it was — only after my father in-law bent down to give me a kiss”作者看清那个身影是岳父，可推测这个身影缓慢靠近了作者。故选C。
83. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在这尴尬的时刻，我们都紧张地笑了起来，我向他解释他的孙女换了卧室。A. eagerly急切地；B. sincerely真诚地；C. secretly秘密地；D. nervously紧张地。根据上文““It’s David.” My father-in-law jumped back.”可知岳父本来是想亲吻孙女，结果发现是作者，所以在这尴尬的时刻，他们都紧张地笑了起来，故选D。
84. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这尴尬的时刻，我们都紧张地笑了起来，我向他解释他的孙女换了卧室。A. preference偏爱；B. switch转换；C. difference差异；D. choice选择。呼应上文“I slept downstairs and my daughter shared the room with my wife.”作者和女儿换了房间。故选B。
85. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他，唯一比熊袭击更可怕的事情就是熊爸爸来和我晚安吻。A. prettier更美的；B. funnier更有趣的；C. scarier更吓人的；D. stranger更陌生的。根据后文“than a bear attack was Papa Bear coming in to kiss me good-night”结合上文作者看到门口巨大身影时的反应，可知此处指比熊袭击更可怕的事情就是熊爸爸来和自己晚安吻。故选C。