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2022-2023学年云南省楚雄彝族自治州高三上学期期末教育学业质量监测英语试题含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年云南省楚雄彝族自治州高三上学期期末教育学业质量监测英语试题含解析，共24页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
楚雄州中小学2022-2023学年上学期期末教育学业质量监测
高中三年级英语试卷
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There are more than 400 units in the National Park System of the United States. Most people know about the most popular parks, such as Yellowstone National Park and the Grand Canyon National Park. Here are some of the little-known National Parks that everyone should try to visit.
Crater Lake National Park, Oregon
Crater Lake is one of the most unique areas in Oregon and the country. The park makes a great summer and winter time destination. Most of the year the park is covered in snow, the summertime window is very brief, lasting only from July to October. During the short summer, visitors can enjoy the Rim Drive, hike, camp, fish, swim in the lake and even take a boat tour of the lake.
Joshua Tree National Park, California
Located in southern California, Joshua Tree National Park has some amazing sites to see, even the night skies, especially while camping. There are many nature trails, hiking trails, as well as options for mountain biking and rock-climbing. Visitors to Joshua Tree National Park can enjoy the beautiful desert ecosystem.
Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona
Arizona has excellent examples of some of the ancient history of the Americas. One place to learn about this and see it in person is at Petrified Forest National Park. This park has an amazing concentration of petrified wood, giving visitors the chance to imagine the forests that once covered the land.
Wind Cave National Park, South Dakota
This park is home to one of the world’s longest and most complex caves. Visitors to this park can enjoy learning about the geology and history of the cave, and they can also enjoy the variety of wildlife that inhabit the mixed-grass prairie, including bison, mule deer, elk and more.
1. How long does the summertime window last in Crater Lake National Park?
A. Three months. B. Four months. C. Five months. D. Six months.
2. What can visitors do in Joshua Tree National Park?
A. Ride a horse. B. Go fishing. C. Climb rocks. D. Go skating.
3. In which park can visitors experience caves?
A. Crater Lake National Park. B. Joshua Tree National Park.
C. Petrified Forest National Park. D. Wind Cave National Park.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本篇是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国一些相对名气较小的国家公园。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Most of the year the park is covered in snow, the summertime window is very brief, lasting only from July to October.(一年中大部分时间公园都被雪覆盖，夏季的窗口非常短暂，只持续7月到10月)”可知，夏季观赏窗口仅从七月持续到十月，总共四个月。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“There are many nature trails, hiking trails, as well as options for mountain biking and rock-climbing.(这里有许多自然步道、远足步道，还有山地自行车和攀岩的选择)”可知，参观者在Joshua Tree National Park可以攀岩。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“This park is home to one of the world’s longest and most complex caves.(这个公园是世界上最长、最复杂的洞穴之一)”可知，Wind Cave National Park的洞穴是世界上最长的洞穴之一,游客可以在该公园探索（体验）洞穴，故选D。
B
Norma Newcombe has been a nurse for nearly 60 years. She started her career at a hospital for babies in August 1958, but she has no plans to retire.
She has worked with Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust for 40 years. She has been a full-time school nurse since 1973. Apart from taking an eight-year break from her career to have her two children in 1965, the dedicated nurse has spent nearly 60 years working in her role.
Modest Norma describes herself as a school nurse who just does her job. She said, “I’m proud to be where I am and I’m very passionate about the local area and everything related to the school nursing. We have brilliant team leaders and I work with a brilliant team of school nurses and health visitors. I’m just happy with what I am and where I am.”
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Norma had to work from home due to having a weakened immune system (免疫系统). Norma said that she liked people rather than machines. She thought she could still write quicker than she could type. Obviously, things have to progress, but there is not the same personal contact. Despite hitting the milestone, Norma has no plans to slow down.
Norma’s colleagues surprised her with a party at her workplace, where she was gifted flowers and jewellery. Rabina Tindale, chief nurse in the hospital, said, “We are extremely proud to have Norma as part of our team and access to her significant experience and wisdom. She holds a very special place in the hearts of the children and families that she has helped over the years. We hope she has an amazing day to celebrate her birthday with her colleagues.”
4. How long has Norma been a full-time school nurse till 2022?
A. 65 years. B. 60 years. C. 49 years. D. 41 years.
5. What does Norma’s words show?
A. Her wish for the future. B. Her love for nursing work.
C. The support from the local area. D. The reason why she works as a nurse.
6. Why did Norma have to work at home during the COVID-19 pandemic?
A. Her immune system was weak. B. She was too old to travel to work.
C. The nursing school was closed down. D. It was difficult for her to live in the school.
7. Which word can best describe Norma?
A. Creative. B. Respectable. C. Stubborn. D. Funny.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一位年迈的英国护士仍然坚持工作并且拒绝退休。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She has worked with Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust for 40 years. She has been a full-time school nurse since 1973.(她与赖特廷顿、维根和利教学医院NHS基金会信托基金工作了40年。自1973年以来，她一直是一名全职的学校护士。)”可知，Norma从1973年起担任学校的专职护士，所以Norma做了49年学校的专职护士。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中Norma的话“I’m proud to be where I am and I’m very passionate about the local area and everything related to the school nursing.(我很自豪能做到这一点，我对当地和与学校护理相关的一切都充满热情。)”以及“I’m just happy with what I am and where I am.(我只是对我现在的样子和我现在的位置感到满意。)”可知，她热爱她的工作。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“During the COVID-19 pandemic, Norma had to work from home due to having a weakened immune system (免疫系统).(在COVID-19大流行期间，由于诺玛的免疫系统薄弱，诺玛不得不在家工作。)”可知，因为她的免疫力差，所以疫情期间她不得不在家工作。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Rabina Tindale的话“We are extremely proud to have Norma as part of our team and access to her significant experience and wisdom. She holds a very special place in the hearts of the children and families that she has helped over the years.(我们非常自豪诺玛能成为我们团队的一员，并获得她的重要经验和智慧。她在多年来帮助的孩子和家庭心中占据着非常特殊的地位。)”可知，她认为Norma是值得尊敬的。故选B项。
C
Fossils are well preserved remains, impressions, or traces (痕迹) of animals and plants that lived long ago. Paleontologists (古生物学家) divide fossils into two main groups. Some fossils, called body fossils, show the structure of the plant or the animal. They form directly from the remains of plants and animals. Other fossils, called trace fossils. They record signs of animal or plant activities, such as walking, feeding, scratching, or even resting.
Most animals and plants don’t become fossils after they die. They break down into little bits or may be eaten by other animals. But some remains get buried too fast, avoiding those things happening. An animal might die near a body of water and sink to the bottom, where its remains get covered in sediment (沉积物). As sediment builds up, mineral-rich water seeps into the remains, leaving minerals in the tiny spaces of the bones and even replacing the original bones. The new minerals react with those in the animal’s remains and then harden into fossils.
Most fossils are buried deep in the Earth. As the Earth’s surface changes, scientists can dig up new fossils and learn more about past life and the Earth’s history. In rock that formed before a certain time, roughly 2.8 million years ago, scientists will not find human fossils.
Fossils are our keys to understanding prehistoric life and the Earth’s history. By studying fossils, we learn about a great variety of plants and animals that lived in the past. We can know what they looked like, how and where they moved and what they ate. By comparing fossils from different time periods, we can track the evolution of a species, see how it adapted to changes in its environment, and understand more about the climate and environment where the fossils were buried.
8. What can we learn from paragraph 1?
A. Fossils are remains of plants and animals.
B. Trace fossils only tell us the activities of animals.
C. Trace fossils form directly from the remains of creatures.
D. Body fossils show almost the original structure of creatures.
9. What is the main idea of paragraph 2?
A. Where we can find fossils. B. How animals and plants become fossils.
C. Different fossils have different features. D. Which methods are used to study fossils.
10. What does the underlined phrase “seeps into” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Engages in. B. Succeeds in. C. Delights in. D. Sinks in.
11. What does the author think of the research of fossils?
A. Ridiculous. B. Complex. C. Significant. D. Inspiring.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了化石的形成和作用。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Some fossils, called body fossils, show the structure of the plant or the animal.(一些化石，被称为身体化石，显示了植物或动物的结构。)”可知，实体化石能够呈现动植物的结构。故选D项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段首句“Most animals and plants don’t become fossils after they die. They break down into little bits or may be eaten by other animals.(大多数动植物在它们死后不会变成化石。它们会分解成碎片，也可能被其他动物吃掉。)”以及尾句“The new minerals react with those in the animal’s remains and then harden into fossils.(这些新的矿物质与动物遗骸中的矿物质发生反应，然后硬化成化石。)”可知，该段主要介绍了化石的形成过程。故选B项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。分析句子结构可知，画线短语后半句“leaving minerals in the tiny spaces of the bones and even replacing the original bones.(在骨骼的微小空间中留下矿物质，甚至取代了原来的骨骼。)”为现在分词短语作结果状语，在骨头的微小空间中留下矿物质是划线单词产生的结果，由此可推断划线短语的意思是“渗入”的意思，只有先渗入遗骸，才会导致骨头的微小空间中留下矿物质。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的首句“Fossils are our keys to understanding prehistoric life and the Earth’s history.(化石是我们理解史前生命和地球历史的关键。)”以及尾句“By comparing fossils from different time periods, we can track the evolution of a species, see how it adapted to changes in its environment, and understand more about the climate and environment where the fossils were buried.(通过比较来自不同时期的化石，我们可以追踪一个物种的进化，了解它如何适应环境的变化，并更多地了解化石所在的气候和环境。)”可知，作者认为研究化石是有重大意义的。故选C项。
D
Software expert James Curran helped rewrite Australia’s new curriculum(全部课程)for information technology subjects. He said the changes to the current curriculum could stop teenagers avoiding computing and maths subjects in high school.“Kids are naturally curious, but we don’t set up the curriculum in a way that awakens their curiosity so that they can learn the things they want to, and the things they have to,”Curran said.“Teaching maths and computing in a new way makes a very big difference.“
As more and more high school students drop out of advanced maths subjects, Dr Curran warned that computing subjects were in an even more difficult position than them. Only 1,748 year-12 students enrolled(登记)in software design and development in New South Wales last year—about half the 3,300 who studied the subject 10 years ago. Enrolments in information technology have declined sharply,from 10,000 in 2001 to just 1,939 students in 2021.
“Students are not taking computing subjects at the senior level because the subject is a bit out of date,”Curran said.“Computing is a subject that changes all the time and needs to be changed every few years, so I would like to see a continuous process of smaller changes and updates to it.”
As schools struggle to make students stick with the subjects of information technology, engineering and maths,1,000 primary schools across Australia have signed up for a new pro-gram to get young kids interested in high-tech jobs. The program uses online lessons to show children as young as six the process of designing the Olympics logo, and how Netflix collects information to decide which movies to make.
11-year-old student Mia Lucas had fun completing a model on UX design. It is the“user experience”process that design teams use to create products.“I’ve always been interested in creating a website or an app but didn’t know the first step in doing that,“ she said.“The pro-gram helps me a lot.”
12. What is the new curriculum supposed to be according to Curran?
A. Typical. B. Controversial. C. Appealing. D. Challenging.
13. What can we know about computing subjects in Australian schools?
A. They are less popular with today’s teenagers.
B. They are valued negatively by many schools.
C. They are harder than advanced maths subjects.
D. They are keeping a continuous rate of updating.
14. How does the new program encourage the students to take computing subjects?
A. By offering high-tech jobs to them.
B. By turning lessons into virtual ones.
C. By letting them choose subjects freely.
D. By showing applications of the subjects.
15. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Australian students are deserting the computing subjects
B. A new curriculum fails to work with Australian students
C. How did an Australian student fall in love with computing?
D. Why did Australian schools stick with computing subjects?
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚的信息技术课程无法跟上信息技术的发展，在青少年中越来越不受欢迎。一些学校正在努力改变这种状况。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Software expert James Curran helped rewrite Australia’s new curriculum(全部课程)for information technology subjects. He said the changes to the current curriculum could stop teenagers avoiding computing and maths subjects in high school.(软件专家James Curran帮助重写了澳大利亚信息技术学科的新课程。他说，对现行课程的改革可以阻止青少年在高中回避计算机和数学科目。)”可知，Curran希望新的信息技术课程能够吸引学生。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Enrolments in information technology have declined sharply, from 10,000 in 2001 to just 1,939 students in 2021.(信息技术专业的入学人数急剧下降，从2001年的1万人下降到2021年的1939人。)”可知，选择学习信息技术的中学生人数在下降，即在澳大利亚，如今信息技术在青少年中并不那么受欢迎了。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The program uses online lessons to show children as young as six the process of designing the Olympics logo, and how Netflix collects information to decide which movies to make.(该项目通过在线课程向6岁大的儿童展示设计奥运会标志的过程，以及网飞公司如何收集信息来决定拍摄哪部电影。)”可知，这个新项目通过线上课程向学生展示了一些高科技工作的过程。由此可推知，这个项目通过展示计算机学科的实际应用来鼓励学生学习计算机学科。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了澳大利亚的信息技术课程无法跟上信息技术的发展，在青少年中越来越不受欢迎，所以A选项“澳大利亚学生正在放弃计算机学科”能概括全文内容，适合用作文章标题。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A new paper summarizes the evidence for letting kids loose. ____16____. It is building brain. Here are some of the research findings that appear in the paper.
____17____.
In order to grow healthy, our brains need plenty of something called BDNF (脑源性神经营养因子). Studies show what happened when young rats were allowed to fight and play together. Half an hour of this kind of play actually changed the expression of their genes in a way that promoted the production of BDNF.
Play reduces obesity and associated diseases.
Toddlers with plenty of chances to run, jump and climb grow into kids who are physically confident and more likely to be active and healthy adults. ____18____ The study shows that the kids who got at least an hour a day of outdoor play showed significant improvement in their body mass indexes. Those who got the most outdoor time were 42 percent less likely to be overweight by the end of the year.
Play helps families bond.
Play is also important for building relationships between parents and kids. The conversations with kids that come out in play are brain-builders. ____19____ It in turn can help children learn to regulate their emotions when the cookie breaks.
Play contributes to academic skills.
No, everything doesn’t have to be about test scores! But play is also good for test scores. This paper argues that at tender ages, improvisational pretend-play, not direct instruction, is what really feeds both language development and general knowledge, not to mention, again, kids’ intrinsic motivation. Experts suggest that parents start small. Playing with blocks for even two minutes helps you use words together. ____20____
A. Play is not insignificant
B Play helps children manage stress
C. It helps to develop great learning skills
D. Play encourages emotional adjustment
E. Play is essential for healthy brain development
F. Many parents think it a waste of time for students to play
G. Scientists conducted a study to look at children in preschools
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. G 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是玩耍有益于小孩的大脑开发。
【16题详解】
空后说“It is building brain. (这是锻炼大脑。)”，这说明让孩子们放松是重要的，A选项“Play is not insignificant (玩耍并非无关紧要)”说明了玩耍很重要，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选A。
【17题详解】
空格处是本段小标题，由空后的内容“Studies show what happened when young rats were allowed to fight and play together. Half an hour of this kind of play actually changed the expression of their genes in a way that promoted the production of BDNF. (研究表明，当小老鼠被允许在一起战斗和玩耍时会发生什么。半小时的这种玩耍实际上改变了他们基因的表达，从而促进了BDNF的产生。)”可知，本段主要讲的是玩耍对大脑健康发育是重要的，E选项“Play is essential for healthy brain development (玩耍对大脑健康发育至关重要)”概括了本段内容，可作为小标题，故选E。
【18题详解】
空后说“The study shows that the kids who got at least an hour a day of outdoor play showed significant improvement in their body mass indexes. Those who got the most outdoor time were 42 percent less likely to be overweight by the end of the year. (研究表明，每天至少在户外玩耍一小时的孩子，他们的身体质量指数有显著改善。那些户外活动时间最多的人到年底超重的可能性要低42%。)”，因此空格处应该引出某一个研究，G选项“Scientists conducted a study to look at children in preschools (科学家们对学龄前儿童进行了一项研究)”提到了一项研究，其中的a study和空后的The study一致，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
空后说“It in turn can help children learn to regulate their emotions when the cookie breaks. (反过来，它可以帮助孩子们学会在饼干碎了时调节自己的情绪。)”，空格处应该说明玩儿可以帮助调整情绪，D选项“Play encourages emotional adjustment (玩耍鼓励情绪调整)”说明了玩儿可以帮助调整情绪，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
空前说“Experts suggest that parents start small. Playing with blocks for even two minutes helps you use words together. (专家建议父母从小处开始。玩积木即使是两分钟也能帮助你一起使用单词。)”，空格处应该说这样做的好处，C选项“It helps to develop great learning skills (它有助于培养优秀的学习技能)”说明了玩积木的好处，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In late July, an accident happened during Louisiana Watermelon Festival in Farmerville, Louisiana. A produce truck carrying over 100 ____21____ on the road near the festival site was ____22____ in an accident, which left the fruit spread on the road. Fortunately, it caused no ____23____.
It appeared that the watermelons which were crushed (压碎) in the accident would go ____24____ until licensed wildlife rehab (康复) specialist Leslie Greene came upon the scene. Once discovering everyone was okay, she ____25____ the owner, Jeff, “Well, if you are not going to use all the watermelons that’s already ____26____, can I have it for the wildlife rehab?” Jeff responded, “If they can go to another ____27____ instead of being discarded, that would be ____28____.”
Jeff ____29____ the fruits to the home of River Bandit Rescue, which currently houses forty-two ____30____, including beavers, raccoons, goats and some other animals. Greene passed the watermelons onto her furry ____31____. They all just went to town on it. They ____32____ love the watermelons.
After Greene shared her watermelon truck encounter on social media, a ton of her followers went to the Jeff’s social medial account to ____33____ him for donating the crushed watermelons instead of trashing them. Jeff ____34____ Greene to tell her he would offer her and her animals any produce he could no longer sell or use.
“So it turned out to be a big ____35____ for us and the wildlife,” Greene says. “I appreciate Jeff and appreciate all the animal lovers who did reach out to him and tell him thank you.”
21. A. peaches B. watermelons C. visitors D. soldiers
22. A. separated B. attacked C. missed D. involved
23. A. injuries B. consequences C. situations D. arguments
24. A. unnoticed B. untouched C. waste D. grey
25. A. told B. asked C. begged D. urged
26. A. open B. red C. deserted D. thrown
27. A. shelter B. campus C. company D. cause
28. A. comfortable B. terrible C. wonderful D. frightening
29. A. released B. delivered C. exposed D. sold
30. A. animals B. birds C. plants D. varieties
31. A. performers B. workers C. doctors D. residents
32. A. exactly B. suddenly C. absolutely D. occasionally
33. A. praise B. blame C. award D. reward
34. A. called for B. contacted with C. belonged to D. made out
35. A. wish B. challenge C. chance D. win
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是一辆满载西瓜的卡车发生了交通事故，西瓜散落在路上，物主把裂开的西瓜赠给了野生动物康复中心。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一辆运着100多个西瓜的卡车在节日现场附近的路上发生了事故，西瓜散落在路上。A. peaches桃子；B. watermelons西瓜；C. visitors参观者；D. soldiers士兵。根据下文“It appeared that the watermelons which were crushed (压碎) in the accident”可知，那辆卡车运的是西瓜。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一辆运着100多个西瓜的卡车在节日现场附近的路上发生了事故，西瓜散落在路上。A. separated分开；B. attacked袭击；C. missed错过；D. involved使陷入，使卷入。根据下文“in an accident”可知，一辆运着100多个西瓜的卡车在节日现场附近的路上发生了事故，be involved in意为“被卷入……中”。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，事故没有造成人员伤亡。A. injuries受伤；B. consequences结果；C. situations情况；D. arguments争论。根据下一段的“everyone was okay”可知，事故没有造成人员伤亡。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在有执照的野生动物修复专家Leslie Greene来到现场之前，在事故中被压碎的西瓜似乎要被浪费掉了。A. unnoticed被忽视的；B. untouched未触动过的；C. waste浪费的；D. grey灰色的。根据第7空后的“instead of being discarded”可知，句子表示“在有执照的野生动物修复专家Leslie Greene来到现场之前，在事故中被压碎的西瓜似乎要被浪费掉了”。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：发现大家都没事后，她问老板Jeff：“好吧，如果你不打算把已经打开的西瓜都用完，我能把它们送给野生动物康复中心吗？”A. told告诉；B. asked问；C. begged乞求；D. urged催促。根据下文“can I have it for the wildlife rehab”可知，她问老板，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：发现大家都没事后，她问老板Jeff：“好吧，如果你不打算把已经打开的西瓜都用完，我能把它们送给野生动物康复中心吗？”A. open开着的；B. red红色的；C. deserted废弃的；D. thrown被扔掉的。根据上文“the watermelons which were crushed (压碎) in the accident”可知，句子表示“如果你不打算把已经打开的西瓜都用完，我能把它们送给野生动物康复中心吗”。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jeff回答说：“如果它们能去做别的事情，而不是被丢弃，那就太好了。”A. shelter避难处；B. campus校园；C. company公司；D. cause事业。根据下文“instead of being discarded”可知，此处表示“如果它们能去做别的事情，而不是被丢弃”。故选D。
28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jeff回答说：“如果它们能去做别的事情，而不是被丢弃，那就太好了。”A. comfortable舒服的；B. terrible糟糕的；C. wonderful极好的；D. frightening令人害怕的。根据上文“If they can go to another ____7____ instead of being discarded”可知，西瓜不会被丢弃，这是一件好事。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jeff把水果送到了River Bandit Rescue收容所，那里目前有42只动物，包括海狸、浣熊、山羊和其他一些动物。A. released释放；B. delivered递送；C. exposed使暴露；D. sold卖。根据下文“to the home of River Bandit Rescue”可知，杰夫把水果送到了River Bandit Rescue收容所。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jeff把水果送到了River Bandit Rescue收容所，那里目前有42只动物，包括海狸、浣熊、山羊和其他一些动物。A. animals动物；B. birds鸟；C. plants植物；D. varieties种类。根据下文“including beavers, raccoons, goats and some other animals”可知，那里目前有42只动物。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Greene把西瓜递给她毛茸茸的居民。A. performers表演者；B. workers工人；C. doctors医生；D. residents居民。根据上文“River Bandit Rescue, which currently houses forty-two ____10___”可知，Greene把西瓜递给她毛茸茸的居民。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们非常喜欢西瓜。A. exactly确切地；B. suddenly突然；C. absolutely极其；D. occasionally偶尔。根据上文“They all just went to town on it”可知，它们非常喜欢西瓜，空格处意为“极其”。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Greene在社交媒体上分享了她西瓜卡车的经历后，她的大量粉丝来到Jeff的社交媒体账号，赞扬他把碎西瓜捐了出来，而不是把它们扔掉。A. praise表扬；B. blame责备；C. award奖；D. reward回报。根据下文“for donating the crushed watermelons instead of trashing them”可知，她的大量粉丝表扬Jeff。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Jeff联系了Greene，告诉她，他将向她和她的动物提供任何他不能再出售或使用的农产品。A. called for要求；B. contacted with与……联系；C. belonged to属于；D. made out辨认出。根据下文“to tell her he would offer her and her animals any produce he could no longer sell or use”可知，Jeff联系了Greene，告诉她，他将向她和她的动物提供任何他不能再出售或使用的农产品。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Greene说：“这对我们和野生动物来说都是一个巨大的胜利。”A. wish希望；B. challenge挑战；C. chance机会；D. win胜利。根据上文“he would offer her and her animals any produce he could no longer sell or use”可知，这对我们和野生动物来说都是一个巨大的胜利。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s technique of growing Juncao, ____36____ is the herbal plant used in the growing of edible (可以吃的) mushrooms, has led to ____37____ (globe) poverty reduction.
Lin, the chief scientist of National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology and ____38____ professor at Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, started to plant the grass in 1983. The technique later spread from Fujian Province to other ____39____ (area) in the country and has even reached countries across the world.
Juncao is helpful to many farmers in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. So far, the technique ____40____ (introduce) to more than 100 countries around the world. Twenty years ago, villagers in Papua New Guinea began to learn this modern biological technology ____41____ the help of Chinese agronomists (农学家). After the Juncao grass was ____42____ (successful) planted in Papua New Guinea, villagers, ____43____ (shout) “Juncao, China!” expressed their excitement. Many people in developing countries have rid ____44____ (they) of poverty through growing Juncao grass and mushrooms.
Many Chinese experts have been trained _____45_____ (extend) the technique to more countries, contributing Chinese wisdom to the achievement of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals by 2030.
【答案】36. which
37. global 38. a
39. areas 40. has been introduced
41. with 42. successfully
43. shouting
44. themselves
45. to extend
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中国种植菌草（一种用于种植食用菌的草本植物）的技术，已经促进了全球减贫。许多中国专家已接受培训，将这一技术推广到更多国家，为实现联合国2030年可持续发展目标贡献中国智慧。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：中国种植菌草（一种用于种植食用菌的草本植物）的技术，已经促进了全球减贫。分析句子可知，本句是非限制性定语从句，先行词指物，关系代词在从句中作主语。故填which。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国种植菌草（一种用于种植食用菌的草本植物）的技术，已经促进了全球减贫。修饰名词poverty reduction要用形容词global。故填global。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：林是国家军用草技术工程研究中心首席科学家、福建农林大学教授，他于1983年开始种植这种草。此处表示泛指。professor是可数名词，且以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故填a。
【39题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：后来，这项技术从福建省传播到全国其他地区，甚至传到了世界各国。area在句中意为“地区”，是可数名词。在other之后，可数名词要用其复数形式。故填areas。
【40题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，这项技术已经被介绍到全球100多个国家。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文so far可知，此处要用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been introduced。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：20年前，巴布亚新几内亚村民在中国农学家的帮助下开始学习这种现代生物技术。with the help of sb意为“在某人的帮助下”。故填with。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：在巴布亚新几内亚，菌草种植成功后，村民们高呼“菌草，中国！”表达了他们的兴奋。修饰动词plant要用副词。故填successfully。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在巴布亚新几内亚，菌草种植成功后，村民们高呼“菌草，中国!”表达了他们的兴奋。分析句子可知，本句不缺谓语，且shout与其逻辑主语是主谓关系，所以要用现在分词作状语。故填shouting。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意：许多发展中国家的人通过种植军用草和蘑菇摆脱了贫困。分析句子可知，主语和宾语的对象相同，所以宾语要用反身代词。故填themselves。
45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：许多中国专家已接受培训，将这一技术推广到更多国家，为实现联合国2030年可持续发展目标贡献中国智慧。分析句子可知，此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to extend。
第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 寒假将至，你班同学在班会课上讨论了寒假期间想做的事。请你写一篇短文向学校英语报投稿，内容包括：
1.描述讨论结果；
2.简单评论；
3.你的观点。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A discussion on what to do during the winter vacation
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 A discussion on what to do during the winter vacation
Students in my class had a discussion on what to do during the winter vacation at this week’s class meeting.
Here are the results. As Senior Three students, most students choose to stay at home to study for the key exam and help their parents with housework. But a minority of students, who think they have studied for a whole semester, want to relax themselves by travelling with their parents.
It’s good to see my classmates have their own plans. In my opinion, we need to make good preparation for the exam, but we also need to relax ourselves.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。寒假将至，你班同学在班会课上讨论了寒假期间想做的事。请你写一篇短文向学校英语报投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
想要：want to→would like to
认为：think→consider
家务：housework→house chore
在我看来：in my opinion→as far as I can see
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：In my opinion, we need to make good preparation for the exam, but we also need to relax ourselves.
拓展句：In my opinion, although we need to make good preparation for the exam, we also need to relax ourselves.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Students in my class had a discussion on what to do during the winter vacation at this week’s class meeting. (运用了what+不定式作宾语)
[高分句型2] But a minority of students, who think they have studied for a whole semester, want to relax themselves by travelling with their parents. (运用了who引导非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。
Not too long ago, I was at the grocery store, and an elderly man in front of me was using a Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) card, which we used to call food stamps. The card reader kept rejecting his payment. He had apparently gone over his limit for the month. He was confused about how it had happened and more than a little upset about the situation.
While I was trying to decide if the man would feel uncomfortable or grateful if I offered to step in and pay for him, the young man checking him out, who I thought was still in high school, said, “Sir, this happens all the time. It’s not a problem. I bet we can figure out a solution together.”
The line behind us was growing long, but the young man didn’t show a little impatience or anger. He confirmed that the man was, indeed, over his limit for the month and found the amount of the overage. Turned out, he wasn’t over by much, so the checker helped the customer determine which two or three items that he could make do without until his account was filled.
“You’ll definitely want to keep the milk, the butter, the eggs and the bread,” I remember the young man saying as he looked through the already bagged groceries. Then the young clerk, who had clearly done this before, pulled out a jar of salsa, a bottle of juice and some crackers that he and his customer agreed could wait until the beginning of the new month.
The young man definitely told his older customer, once again, that it was a common occurrence and not a problem at all. The man left with his dignity unhurt and, no doubt, with a renewed sense of loyalty to that grocery-store chain. Seeing what the young man had done to deal with such a situation, I decided to tell him what a good job he had done.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When it was my turn to check out, I told the young man that he had done an extraordinary job of handling the situation.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I got a return e-mail that day with thanks from the manager.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
When it was my turn to check out, I told the young man that he had done an extraordinary job of handling the situation. The young man looked at me kind of funny when he said “Thanks”. It was obvious that he didn’t understand what I was talking about. He didn’t see that he had done something that others might not have done in his position. I made note of the name on his name tag. When I got home, I sent an e mail to the manager of the store to praise the employee for his kindness and customer service.
I got a return e mail that day with thanks from the manager. In his e-mail he let me know that my note would be included in the employee’s file and noted each time he was up for a raise or promotion. While his act of kindness made a positive impact on the life of someone that was struggling that day, I hope my act of kindness at least had a positive effect on that young man’s career and possibly his paycheck.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在商店结账时，遇到了一个年轻店员非常耐心地帮助一个老人。于是写信给经理赞扬店员的善良和对顾客的服务，经理也给予了回复。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“轮到我结账时，我告诉那个年轻人，他处理这件事做得非常出色。”可知，第一段可描写作者如何通过写信给经理赞扬年轻人的。
②由第二段首句内容“那天我收到了一封来自经理的感谢信。”可知，第二段可描写感谢信的内容以及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：赞扬年轻人——写信——收到回信——得知结果——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
处理：handle/deal with
赞美：praise / compliment
记住：make note of /remember
情绪类
出色：extraordinary /excellent
显然：obvious /apparent
【点睛】[高分句型1] It was obvious that he didn’t understand what I was talking about.(运用了what引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] When I got home, I sent an e mail to the manager of the store to praise the employee for his kindness and customer service. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
楚雄州中小学2022-2023学年上学期期末教育学业质量监测
高中三年级英语试卷
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There are more than 400 units in the National Park System of the United States. Most people know about the most popular parks, such as Yellowstone National Park and the Grand Canyon National Park. Here are some of the little-known National Parks that everyone should try to visit.
Crater Lake National Park, Oregon
Crater Lake is one of the most unique areas in Oregon and the country. The park makes a great summer and winter time destination. Most of the year the park is covered in snow, the summertime window is very brief, lasting only from July to October. During the short summer, visitors can enjoy the Rim Drive, hike, camp, fish, swim in the lake and even take a boat tour of the lake.
Joshua Tree National Park, California
Located in southern California, Joshua Tree National Park has some amazing sites to see, even the night skies, especially while camping. There are many nature trails, hiking trails, as well as options for mountain biking and rock-climbing. Visitors to Joshua Tree National Park can enjoy the beautiful desert ecosystem.
Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona
Arizona has excellent examples of some of the ancient history of the Americas. One place to learn about this and see it in person is at Petrified Forest National Park. This park has an amazing concentration of petrified wood, giving visitors the chance to imagine the forests that once covered the land.
Wind Cave National Park, South Dakota
This park is home to one of the world’s longest and most complex caves. Visitors to this park can enjoy learning about the geology and history of the cave, and they can also enjoy the variety of wildlife that inhabit the mixed-grass prairie, including bison, mule deer, elk and more.
1. How long does the summertime window last in Crater Lake National Park?
A. Three months. B. Four months. C. Five months. D. Six months.
2. What can visitors do in Joshua Tree National Park?
A. Ride a horse. B. Go fishing. C. Climb rocks. D. Go skating.
3. In which park can visitors experience caves?
A. Crater Lake National Park. B. Joshua Tree National Park.
C. Petrified Forest National Park. D. Wind Cave National Park.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本篇是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国一些相对名气较小的国家公园。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Most of the year the park is covered in snow, the summertime window is very brief, lasting only from July to October.(一年中大部分时间公园都被雪覆盖，夏季的窗口非常短暂，只持续7月到10月)”可知，夏季观赏窗口仅从七月持续到十月，总共四个月。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“There are many nature trails, hiking trails, as well as options for mountain biking and rock-climbing.(这里有许多自然步道、远足步道，还有山地自行车和攀岩的选择)”可知，参观者在Joshua Tree National Park可以攀岩。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“This park is home to one of the world’s longest and most complex caves.(这个公园是世界上最长、最复杂的洞穴之一)”可知，Wind Cave National Park的洞穴是世界上最长的洞穴之一,游客可以在该公园探索（体验）洞穴，故选D。
B
Norma Newcombe has been a nurse for nearly 60 years. She started her career at a hospital for babies in August 1958, but she has no plans to retire.
She has worked with Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust for 40 years. She has been a full-time school nurse since 1973. Apart from taking an eight-year break from her career to have her two children in 1965, the dedicated nurse has spent nearly 60 years working in her role.
Modest Norma describes herself as a school nurse who just does her job. She said, “I’m proud to be where I am and I’m very passionate about the local area and everything related to the school nursing. We have brilliant team leaders and I work with a brilliant team of school nurses and health visitors. I’m just happy with what I am and where I am.”
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Norma had to work from home due to having a weakened immune system (免疫系统). Norma said that she liked people rather than machines. She thought she could still write quicker than she could type. Obviously, things have to progress, but there is not the same personal contact. Despite hitting the milestone, Norma has no plans to slow down.
Norma’s colleagues surprised her with a party at her workplace, where she was gifted flowers and jewellery. Rabina Tindale, chief nurse in the hospital, said, “We are extremely proud to have Norma as part of our team and access to her significant experience and wisdom. She holds a very special place in the hearts of the children and families that she has helped over the years. We hope she has an amazing day to celebrate her birthday with her colleagues.”
4. How long has Norma been a full-time school nurse till 2022?
A. 65 years. B. 60 years. C. 49 years. D. 41 years.
5. What does Norma’s words show?
A. Her wish for the future. B. Her love for nursing work.
C. The support from the local area. D. The reason why she works as a nurse.
6. Why did Norma have to work at home during the COVID-19 pandemic?
A. Her immune system was weak. B. She was too old to travel to work.
C. The nursing school was closed down. D. It was difficult for her to live in the school.
7. Which word can best describe Norma?
A. Creative. B. Respectable. C. Stubborn. D. Funny.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一位年迈的英国护士仍然坚持工作并且拒绝退休。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She has worked with Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust for 40 years. She has been a full-time school nurse since 1973.(她与赖特廷顿、维根和利教学医院NHS基金会信托基金工作了40年。自1973年以来，她一直是一名全职的学校护士。)”可知，Norma从1973年起担任学校的专职护士，所以Norma做了49年学校的专职护士。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中Norma的话“I’m proud to be where I am and I’m very passionate about the local area and everything related to the school nursing.(我很自豪能做到这一点，我对当地和与学校护理相关的一切都充满热情。)”以及“I’m just happy with what I am and where I am.(我只是对我现在的样子和我现在的位置感到满意。)”可知，她热爱她的工作。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“During the COVID-19 pandemic, Norma had to work from home due to having a weakened immune system (免疫系统).(在COVID-19大流行期间，由于诺玛的免疫系统薄弱，诺玛不得不在家工作。)”可知，因为她的免疫力差，所以疫情期间她不得不在家工作。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Rabina Tindale的话“We are extremely proud to have Norma as part of our team and access to her significant experience and wisdom. She holds a very special place in the hearts of the children and families that she has helped over the years.(我们非常自豪诺玛能成为我们团队的一员，并获得她的重要经验和智慧。她在多年来帮助的孩子和家庭心中占据着非常特殊的地位。)”可知，她认为Norma是值得尊敬的。故选B项。
C
Fossils are well preserved remains, impressions, or traces (痕迹) of animals and plants that lived long ago. Paleontologists (古生物学家) divide fossils into two main groups. Some fossils, called body fossils, show the structure of the plant or the animal. They form directly from the remains of plants and animals. Other fossils, called trace fossils. They record signs of animal or plant activities, such as walking, feeding, scratching, or even resting.
Most animals and plants don’t become fossils after they die. They break down into little bits or may be eaten by other animals. But some remains get buried too fast, avoiding those things happening. An animal might die near a body of water and sink to the bottom, where its remains get covered in sediment (沉积物). As sediment builds up, mineral-rich water seeps into the remains, leaving minerals in the tiny spaces of the bones and even replacing the original bones. The new minerals react with those in the animal’s remains and then harden into fossils.
Most fossils are buried deep in the Earth. As the Earth’s surface changes, scientists can dig up new fossils and learn more about past life and the Earth’s history. In rock that formed before a certain time, roughly 2.8 million years ago, scientists will not find human fossils.
Fossils are our keys to understanding prehistoric life and the Earth’s history. By studying fossils, we learn about a great variety of plants and animals that lived in the past. We can know what they looked like, how and where they moved and what they ate. By comparing fossils from different time periods, we can track the evolution of a species, see how it adapted to changes in its environment, and understand more about the climate and environment where the fossils were buried.
8. What can we learn from paragraph 1?
A. Fossils are remains of plants and animals.
B. Trace fossils only tell us the activities of animals.
C. Trace fossils form directly from the remains of creatures.
D. Body fossils show almost the original structure of creatures.
9. What is the main idea of paragraph 2?
A. Where we can find fossils. B. How animals and plants become fossils.
C. Different fossils have different features. D. Which methods are used to study fossils.
10. What does the underlined phrase “seeps into” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Engages in. B. Succeeds in. C. Delights in. D. Sinks in.
11. What does the author think of the research of fossils?
A. Ridiculous. B. Complex. C. Significant. D. Inspiring.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了化石的形成和作用。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Some fossils, called body fossils, show the structure of the plant or the animal.(一些化石，被称为身体化石，显示了植物或动物的结构。)”可知，实体化石能够呈现动植物的结构。故选D项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段首句“Most animals and plants don’t become fossils after they die. They break down into little bits or may be eaten by other animals.(大多数动植物在它们死后不会变成化石。它们会分解成碎片，也可能被其他动物吃掉。)”以及尾句“The new minerals react with those in the animal’s remains and then harden into fossils.(这些新的矿物质与动物遗骸中的矿物质发生反应，然后硬化成化石。)”可知，该段主要介绍了化石的形成过程。故选B项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。分析句子结构可知，画线短语后半句“leaving minerals in the tiny spaces of the bones and even replacing the original bones.(在骨骼的微小空间中留下矿物质，甚至取代了原来的骨骼。)”为现在分词短语作结果状语，在骨头的微小空间中留下矿物质是划线单词产生的结果，由此可推断划线短语的意思是“渗入”的意思，只有先渗入遗骸，才会导致骨头的微小空间中留下矿物质。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的首句“Fossils are our keys to understanding prehistoric life and the Earth’s history.(化石是我们理解史前生命和地球历史的关键。)”以及尾句“By comparing fossils from different time periods, we can track the evolution of a species, see how it adapted to changes in its environment, and understand more about the climate and environment where the fossils were buried.(通过比较来自不同时期的化石，我们可以追踪一个物种的进化，了解它如何适应环境的变化，并更多地了解化石所在的气候和环境。)”可知，作者认为研究化石是有重大意义的。故选C项。
D
Software expert James Curran helped rewrite Australia’s new curriculum(全部课程)for information technology subjects. He said the changes to the current curriculum could stop teenagers avoiding computing and maths subjects in high school.“Kids are naturally curious, but we don’t set up the curriculum in a way that awakens their curiosity so that they can learn the things they want to, and the things they have to,”Curran said.“Teaching maths and computing in a new way makes a very big difference.“
As more and more high school students drop out of advanced maths subjects, Dr Curran warned that computing subjects were in an even more difficult position than them. Only 1,748 year-12 students enrolled(登记)in software design and development in New South Wales last year—about half the 3,300 who studied the subject 10 years ago. Enrolments in information technology have declined sharply,from 10,000 in 2001 to just 1,939 students in 2021.
“Students are not taking computing subjects at the senior level because the subject is a bit out of date,”Curran said.“Computing is a subject that changes all the time and needs to be changed every few years, so I would like to see a continuous process of smaller changes and updates to it.”
As schools struggle to make students stick with the subjects of information technology, engineering and maths,1,000 primary schools across Australia have signed up for a new pro-gram to get young kids interested in high-tech jobs. The program uses online lessons to show children as young as six the process of designing the Olympics logo, and how Netflix collects information to decide which movies to make.
11-year-old student Mia Lucas had fun completing a model on UX design. It is the“user experience”process that design teams use to create products.“I’ve always been interested in creating a website or an app but didn’t know the first step in doing that,“ she said.“The pro-gram helps me a lot.”
12. What is the new curriculum supposed to be according to Curran?
A. Typical. B. Controversial. C. Appealing. D. Challenging.
13. What can we know about computing subjects in Australian schools?
A. They are less popular with today’s teenagers.
B. They are valued negatively by many schools.
C. They are harder than advanced maths subjects.
D. They are keeping a continuous rate of updating.
14. How does the new program encourage the students to take computing subjects?
A. By offering high-tech jobs to them.
B. By turning lessons into virtual ones.
C. By letting them choose subjects freely.
D. By showing applications of the subjects.
15. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Australian students are deserting the computing subjects
B. A new curriculum fails to work with Australian students
C. How did an Australian student fall in love with computing?
D. Why did Australian schools stick with computing subjects?
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚的信息技术课程无法跟上信息技术的发展，在青少年中越来越不受欢迎。一些学校正在努力改变这种状况。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Software expert James Curran helped rewrite Australia’s new curriculum(全部课程)for information technology subjects. He said the changes to the current curriculum could stop teenagers avoiding computing and maths subjects in high school.(软件专家James Curran帮助重写了澳大利亚信息技术学科的新课程。他说，对现行课程的改革可以阻止青少年在高中回避计算机和数学科目。)”可知，Curran希望新的信息技术课程能够吸引学生。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Enrolments in information technology have declined sharply, from 10,000 in 2001 to just 1,939 students in 2021.(信息技术专业的入学人数急剧下降，从2001年的1万人下降到2021年的1939人。)”可知，选择学习信息技术的中学生人数在下降，即在澳大利亚，如今信息技术在青少年中并不那么受欢迎了。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The program uses online lessons to show children as young as six the process of designing the Olympics logo, and how Netflix collects information to decide which movies to make.(该项目通过在线课程向6岁大的儿童展示设计奥运会标志的过程，以及网飞公司如何收集信息来决定拍摄哪部电影。)”可知，这个新项目通过线上课程向学生展示了一些高科技工作的过程。由此可推知，这个项目通过展示计算机学科的实际应用来鼓励学生学习计算机学科。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了澳大利亚的信息技术课程无法跟上信息技术的发展，在青少年中越来越不受欢迎，所以A选项“澳大利亚学生正在放弃计算机学科”能概括全文内容，适合用作文章标题。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A new paper summarizes the evidence for letting kids loose. ____16____. It is building brain. Here are some of the research findings that appear in the paper.
____17____.
In order to grow healthy, our brains need plenty of something called BDNF (脑源性神经营养因子). Studies show what happened when young rats were allowed to fight and play together. Half an hour of this kind of play actually changed the expression of their genes in a way that promoted the production of BDNF.
Play reduces obesity and associated diseases.
Toddlers with plenty of chances to run, jump and climb grow into kids who are physically confident and more likely to be active and healthy adults. ____18____ The study shows that the kids who got at least an hour a day of outdoor play showed significant improvement in their body mass indexes. Those who got the most outdoor time were 42 percent less likely to be overweight by the end of the year.
Play helps families bond.
Play is also important for building relationships between parents and kids. The conversations with kids that come out in play are brain-builders. ____19____ It in turn can help children learn to regulate their emotions when the cookie breaks.
Play contributes to academic skills.
No, everything doesn’t have to be about test scores! But play is also good for test scores. This paper argues that at tender ages, improvisational pretend-play, not direct instruction, is what really feeds both language development and general knowledge, not to mention, again, kids’ intrinsic motivation. Experts suggest that parents start small. Playing with blocks for even two minutes helps you use words together. ____20____
A. Play is not insignificant
B Play helps children manage stress
C. It helps to develop great learning skills
D. Play encourages emotional adjustment
E. Play is essential for healthy brain development
F. Many parents think it a waste of time for students to play
G. Scientists conducted a study to look at children in preschools
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. G 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是玩耍有益于小孩的大脑开发。
【16题详解】
空后说“It is building brain. (这是锻炼大脑。)”，这说明让孩子们放松是重要的，A选项“Play is not insignificant (玩耍并非无关紧要)”说明了玩耍很重要，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选A。
【17题详解】
空格处是本段小标题，由空后的内容“Studies show what happened when young rats were allowed to fight and play together. Half an hour of this kind of play actually changed the expression of their genes in a way that promoted the production of BDNF. (研究表明，当小老鼠被允许在一起战斗和玩耍时会发生什么。半小时的这种玩耍实际上改变了他们基因的表达，从而促进了BDNF的产生。)”可知，本段主要讲的是玩耍对大脑健康发育是重要的，E选项“Play is essential for healthy brain development (玩耍对大脑健康发育至关重要)”概括了本段内容，可作为小标题，故选E。
【18题详解】
空后说“The study shows that the kids who got at least an hour a day of outdoor play showed significant improvement in their body mass indexes. Those who got the most outdoor time were 42 percent less likely to be overweight by the end of the year. (研究表明，每天至少在户外玩耍一小时的孩子，他们的身体质量指数有显著改善。那些户外活动时间最多的人到年底超重的可能性要低42%。)”，因此空格处应该引出某一个研究，G选项“Scientists conducted a study to look at children in preschools (科学家们对学龄前儿童进行了一项研究)”提到了一项研究，其中的a study和空后的The study一致，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
空后说“It in turn can help children learn to regulate their emotions when the cookie breaks. (反过来，它可以帮助孩子们学会在饼干碎了时调节自己的情绪。)”，空格处应该说明玩儿可以帮助调整情绪，D选项“Play encourages emotional adjustment (玩耍鼓励情绪调整)”说明了玩儿可以帮助调整情绪，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
空前说“Experts suggest that parents start small. Playing with blocks for even two minutes helps you use words together. (专家建议父母从小处开始。玩积木即使是两分钟也能帮助你一起使用单词。)”，空格处应该说这样做的好处，C选项“It helps to develop great learning skills (它有助于培养优秀的学习技能)”说明了玩积木的好处，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In late July, an accident happened during Louisiana Watermelon Festival in Farmerville, Louisiana. A produce truck carrying over 100 ____21____ on the road near the festival site was ____22____ in an accident, which left the fruit spread on the road. Fortunately, it caused no ____23____.
It appeared that the watermelons which were crushed (压碎) in the accident would go ____24____ until licensed wildlife rehab (康复) specialist Leslie Greene came upon the scene. Once discovering everyone was okay, she ____25____ the owner, Jeff, “Well, if you are not going to use all the watermelons that’s already ____26____, can I have it for the wildlife rehab?” Jeff responded, “If they can go to another ____27____ instead of being discarded, that would be ____28____.”
Jeff ____29____ the fruits to the home of River Bandit Rescue, which currently houses forty-two ____30____, including beavers, raccoons, goats and some other animals. Greene passed the watermelons onto her furry ____31____. They all just went to town on it. They ____32____ love the watermelons.
After Greene shared her watermelon truck encounter on social media, a ton of her followers went to the Jeff’s social medial account to ____33____ him for donating the crushed watermelons instead of trashing them. Jeff ____34____ Greene to tell her he would offer her and her animals any produce he could no longer sell or use.
“So it turned out to be a big ____35____ for us and the wildlife,” Greene says. “I appreciate Jeff and appreciate all the animal lovers who did reach out to him and tell him thank you.”
21. A. peaches B. watermelons C. visitors D. soldiers
22. A. separated B. attacked C. missed D. involved
23. A. injuries B. consequences C. situations D. arguments
24. A. unnoticed B. untouched C. waste D. grey
25. A. told B. asked C. begged D. urged
26. A. open B. red C. deserted D. thrown
27. A. shelter B. campus C. company D. cause
28. A. comfortable B. terrible C. wonderful D. frightening
29. A. released B. delivered C. exposed D. sold
30. A. animals B. birds C. plants D. varieties
31. A. performers B. workers C. doctors D. residents
32. A. exactly B. suddenly C. absolutely D. occasionally
33. A. praise B. blame C. award D. reward
34. A. called for B. contacted with C. belonged to D. made out
35. A. wish B. challenge C. chance D. win
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是一辆满载西瓜的卡车发生了交通事故，西瓜散落在路上，物主把裂开的西瓜赠给了野生动物康复中心。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一辆运着100多个西瓜的卡车在节日现场附近的路上发生了事故，西瓜散落在路上。A. peaches桃子；B. watermelons西瓜；C. visitors参观者；D. soldiers士兵。根据下文“It appeared that the watermelons which were crushed (压碎) in the accident”可知，那辆卡车运的是西瓜。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一辆运着100多个西瓜的卡车在节日现场附近的路上发生了事故，西瓜散落在路上。A. separated分开；B. attacked袭击；C. missed错过；D. involved使陷入，使卷入。根据下文“in an accident”可知，一辆运着100多个西瓜的卡车在节日现场附近的路上发生了事故，be involved in意为“被卷入……中”。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，事故没有造成人员伤亡。A. injuries受伤；B. consequences结果；C. situations情况；D. arguments争论。根据下一段的“everyone was okay”可知，事故没有造成人员伤亡。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在有执照的野生动物修复专家Leslie Greene来到现场之前，在事故中被压碎的西瓜似乎要被浪费掉了。A. unnoticed被忽视的；B. untouched未触动过的；C. waste浪费的；D. grey灰色的。根据第7空后的“instead of being discarded”可知，句子表示“在有执照的野生动物修复专家Leslie Greene来到现场之前，在事故中被压碎的西瓜似乎要被浪费掉了”。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：发现大家都没事后，她问老板Jeff：“好吧，如果你不打算把已经打开的西瓜都用完，我能把它们送给野生动物康复中心吗？”A. told告诉；B. asked问；C. begged乞求；D. urged催促。根据下文“can I have it for the wildlife rehab”可知，她问老板，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：发现大家都没事后，她问老板Jeff：“好吧，如果你不打算把已经打开的西瓜都用完，我能把它们送给野生动物康复中心吗？”A. open开着的；B. red红色的；C. deserted废弃的；D. thrown被扔掉的。根据上文“the watermelons which were crushed (压碎) in the accident”可知，句子表示“如果你不打算把已经打开的西瓜都用完，我能把它们送给野生动物康复中心吗”。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jeff回答说：“如果它们能去做别的事情，而不是被丢弃，那就太好了。”A. shelter避难处；B. campus校园；C. company公司；D. cause事业。根据下文“instead of being discarded”可知，此处表示“如果它们能去做别的事情，而不是被丢弃”。故选D。
28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jeff回答说：“如果它们能去做别的事情，而不是被丢弃，那就太好了。”A. comfortable舒服的；B. terrible糟糕的；C. wonderful极好的；D. frightening令人害怕的。根据上文“If they can go to another ____7____ instead of being discarded”可知，西瓜不会被丢弃，这是一件好事。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jeff把水果送到了River Bandit Rescue收容所，那里目前有42只动物，包括海狸、浣熊、山羊和其他一些动物。A. released释放；B. delivered递送；C. exposed使暴露；D. sold卖。根据下文“to the home of River Bandit Rescue”可知，杰夫把水果送到了River Bandit Rescue收容所。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jeff把水果送到了River Bandit Rescue收容所，那里目前有42只动物，包括海狸、浣熊、山羊和其他一些动物。A. animals动物；B. birds鸟；C. plants植物；D. varieties种类。根据下文“including beavers, raccoons, goats and some other animals”可知，那里目前有42只动物。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Greene把西瓜递给她毛茸茸的居民。A. performers表演者；B. workers工人；C. doctors医生；D. residents居民。根据上文“River Bandit Rescue, which currently houses forty-two ____10___”可知，Greene把西瓜递给她毛茸茸的居民。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们非常喜欢西瓜。A. exactly确切地；B. suddenly突然；C. absolutely极其；D. occasionally偶尔。根据上文“They all just went to town on it”可知，它们非常喜欢西瓜，空格处意为“极其”。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Greene在社交媒体上分享了她西瓜卡车的经历后，她的大量粉丝来到Jeff的社交媒体账号，赞扬他把碎西瓜捐了出来，而不是把它们扔掉。A. praise表扬；B. blame责备；C. award奖；D. reward回报。根据下文“for donating the crushed watermelons instead of trashing them”可知，她的大量粉丝表扬Jeff。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Jeff联系了Greene，告诉她，他将向她和她的动物提供任何他不能再出售或使用的农产品。A. called for要求；B. contacted with与……联系；C. belonged to属于；D. made out辨认出。根据下文“to tell her he would offer her and her animals any produce he could no longer sell or use”可知，Jeff联系了Greene，告诉她，他将向她和她的动物提供任何他不能再出售或使用的农产品。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Greene说：“这对我们和野生动物来说都是一个巨大的胜利。”A. wish希望；B. challenge挑战；C. chance机会；D. win胜利。根据上文“he would offer her and her animals any produce he could no longer sell or use”可知，这对我们和野生动物来说都是一个巨大的胜利。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s technique of growing Juncao, ____36____ is the herbal plant used in the growing of edible (可以吃的) mushrooms, has led to ____37____ (globe) poverty reduction.
Lin, the chief scientist of National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology and ____38____ professor at Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, started to plant the grass in 1983. The technique later spread from Fujian Province to other ____39____ (area) in the country and has even reached countries across the world.
Juncao is helpful to many farmers in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. So far, the technique ____40____ (introduce) to more than 100 countries around the world. Twenty years ago, villagers in Papua New Guinea began to learn this modern biological technology ____41____ the help of Chinese agronomists (农学家). After the Juncao grass was ____42____ (successful) planted in Papua New Guinea, villagers, ____43____ (shout) “Juncao, China!” expressed their excitement. Many people in developing countries have rid ____44____ (they) of poverty through growing Juncao grass and mushrooms.
Many Chinese experts have been trained _____45_____ (extend) the technique to more countries, contributing Chinese wisdom to the achievement of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals by 2030.
【答案】36. which
37. global 38. a
39. areas 40. has been introduced
41. with 42. successfully
43. shouting
44. themselves
45. to extend
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中国种植菌草（一种用于种植食用菌的草本植物）的技术，已经促进了全球减贫。许多中国专家已接受培训，将这一技术推广到更多国家，为实现联合国2030年可持续发展目标贡献中国智慧。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：中国种植菌草（一种用于种植食用菌的草本植物）的技术，已经促进了全球减贫。分析句子可知，本句是非限制性定语从句，先行词指物，关系代词在从句中作主语。故填which。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国种植菌草（一种用于种植食用菌的草本植物）的技术，已经促进了全球减贫。修饰名词poverty reduction要用形容词global。故填global。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：林是国家军用草技术工程研究中心首席科学家、福建农林大学教授，他于1983年开始种植这种草。此处表示泛指。professor是可数名词，且以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故填a。
【39题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：后来，这项技术从福建省传播到全国其他地区，甚至传到了世界各国。area在句中意为“地区”，是可数名词。在other之后，可数名词要用其复数形式。故填areas。
【40题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，这项技术已经被介绍到全球100多个国家。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文so far可知，此处要用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been introduced。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：20年前，巴布亚新几内亚村民在中国农学家的帮助下开始学习这种现代生物技术。with the help of sb意为“在某人的帮助下”。故填with。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：在巴布亚新几内亚，菌草种植成功后，村民们高呼“菌草，中国！”表达了他们的兴奋。修饰动词plant要用副词。故填successfully。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在巴布亚新几内亚，菌草种植成功后，村民们高呼“菌草，中国!”表达了他们的兴奋。分析句子可知，本句不缺谓语，且shout与其逻辑主语是主谓关系，所以要用现在分词作状语。故填shouting。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意：许多发展中国家的人通过种植军用草和蘑菇摆脱了贫困。分析句子可知，主语和宾语的对象相同，所以宾语要用反身代词。故填themselves。
45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：许多中国专家已接受培训，将这一技术推广到更多国家，为实现联合国2030年可持续发展目标贡献中国智慧。分析句子可知，此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to extend。
第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 寒假将至，你班同学在班会课上讨论了寒假期间想做的事。请你写一篇短文向学校英语报投稿，内容包括：
1.描述讨论结果；
2.简单评论；
3.你的观点。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A discussion on what to do during the winter vacation
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 A discussion on what to do during the winter vacation
Students in my class had a discussion on what to do during the winter vacation at this week’s class meeting.
Here are the results. As Senior Three students, most students choose to stay at home to study for the key exam and help their parents with housework. But a minority of students, who think they have studied for a whole semester, want to relax themselves by travelling with their parents.
It’s good to see my classmates have their own plans. In my opinion, we need to make good preparation for the exam, but we also need to relax ourselves.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。寒假将至，你班同学在班会课上讨论了寒假期间想做的事。请你写一篇短文向学校英语报投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
想要：want to→would like to
认为：think→consider
家务：housework→house chore
在我看来：in my opinion→as far as I can see
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：In my opinion, we need to make good preparation for the exam, but we also need to relax ourselves.
拓展句：In my opinion, although we need to make good preparation for the exam, we also need to relax ourselves.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Students in my class had a discussion on what to do during the winter vacation at this week’s class meeting. (运用了what+不定式作宾语)
[高分句型2] But a minority of students, who think they have studied for a whole semester, want to relax themselves by travelling with their parents. (运用了who引导非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。
Not too long ago, I was at the grocery store, and an elderly man in front of me was using a Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) card, which we used to call food stamps. The card reader kept rejecting his payment. He had apparently gone over his limit for the month. He was confused about how it had happened and more than a little upset about the situation.
While I was trying to decide if the man would feel uncomfortable or grateful if I offered to step in and pay for him, the young man checking him out, who I thought was still in high school, said, “Sir, this happens all the time. It’s not a problem. I bet we can figure out a solution together.”
The line behind us was growing long, but the young man didn’t show a little impatience or anger. He confirmed that the man was, indeed, over his limit for the month and found the amount of the overage. Turned out, he wasn’t over by much, so the checker helped the customer determine which two or three items that he could make do without until his account was filled.
“You’ll definitely want to keep the milk, the butter, the eggs and the bread,” I remember the young man saying as he looked through the already bagged groceries. Then the young clerk, who had clearly done this before, pulled out a jar of salsa, a bottle of juice and some crackers that he and his customer agreed could wait until the beginning of the new month.
The young man definitely told his older customer, once again, that it was a common occurrence and not a problem at all. The man left with his dignity unhurt and, no doubt, with a renewed sense of loyalty to that grocery-store chain. Seeing what the young man had done to deal with such a situation, I decided to tell him what a good job he had done.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When it was my turn to check out, I told the young man that he had done an extraordinary job of handling the situation.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I got a return e-mail that day with thanks from the manager.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
When it was my turn to check out, I told the young man that he had done an extraordinary job of handling the situation. The young man looked at me kind of funny when he said “Thanks”. It was obvious that he didn’t understand what I was talking about. He didn’t see that he had done something that others might not have done in his position. I made note of the name on his name tag. When I got home, I sent an e mail to the manager of the store to praise the employee for his kindness and customer service.
I got a return e mail that day with thanks from the manager. In his e-mail he let me know that my note would be included in the employee’s file and noted each time he was up for a raise or promotion. While his act of kindness made a positive impact on the life of someone that was struggling that day, I hope my act of kindness at least had a positive effect on that young man’s career and possibly his paycheck.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在商店结账时，遇到了一个年轻店员非常耐心地帮助一个老人。于是写信给经理赞扬店员的善良和对顾客的服务，经理也给予了回复。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“轮到我结账时，我告诉那个年轻人，他处理这件事做得非常出色。”可知，第一段可描写作者如何通过写信给经理赞扬年轻人的。
②由第二段首句内容“那天我收到了一封来自经理的感谢信。”可知，第二段可描写感谢信的内容以及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：赞扬年轻人——写信——收到回信——得知结果——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
处理：handle/deal with
赞美：praise / compliment
记住：make note of /remember
情绪类
出色：extraordinary /excellent
显然：obvious /apparent
【点睛】[高分句型1] It was obvious that he didn’t understand what I was talking about.(运用了what引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] When I got home, I sent an e mail to the manager of the store to praise the employee for his kindness and customer service. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
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