高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 The world of science精品综合训练题

这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 The world of science精品综合训练题，共10页。

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. Befre the day was ver，the institutin began d______________（起草，草拟）plans t restre service.
2. The reality is that l______________（闪电） is a far greater killer than sharks，at least in the United States.
3. She attended a series f lectures abut science f______________（小说）writing and made sme achievements.
4. Mst plastics d nt effectively c______________（传导）electricity.
5. The yung scientist had a new thery f g______________（重力）and the universe.
6. Fr further infrmatin，please cntact us n the frm a______________（贴）t the dcument.
7. The peratr was publicly criticised fr having neglected safety p______________（程序）.
8. The m______________（金属）is then carefully examined t ensure there are n cracks.
9. These achievements are a further p______________（证明）f his utstanding ability.
10. The reprt presents a faithful a______________（记述） f the treatment.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1. A number f ___________（experiment）ruled ut that the children misunderstd what they were being asked.
2. As is the way with these gatherings，the ________（declare）were largely drafted befre the delegatins arrived.
3. He tld us that he fund further ______________（science）evidence fr this thery.
4. He made great achievement in researching the material that ______________（cnduct）electricity.
5. His parents are ______________（entire）happy after knwing he has made achievements in his wn field.
6. Only recently，hwever，have they cme up with ______________（prve） that sensitive brains wrk this way.
7. Please fllw these prper ______________（prcedure）fr dealing with the tangled situatin.
8. I have grwn nt nly physically，but als ______________（mental） in the past few years.
9. In the educatinal histry f China，majr imprtance ______________（attach）t respect educatin.
10. The ministry ______________（draft）its plan fr future develpment.
Ⅲ.用所给短语的适当形式填空
1. Earlier reprts suggested that a meeting wuld ______________ n Sunday.
2. The baby’s mther escaped frm the funtain ______________ tw ther children.
3. The scientists are beating their brains ut trying t ______________ a slutin t cancer.
4. Peple gt water by drpping a bucket ______________ a rpe.
5. Yur bdy is mre relaxed when yu smile，which _____________ gd health and a strnger immune system.
6. ______________ tw men n duty in the engine rm，everyne was asleep.
7. The city has been built up entirely fast；it has changed ______________.
8. Archaelgists fund further prf and cncluded the mask ______________ a brnze head.
9. In a severe winter，wild animals can ______________ fd shrtage.
10. The fundatin ______________ the her wh gave his life fr the cause f the peple.
Ⅳ.一句多译
1. 那个临时工用一根绳子系住风筝，把它放了起来。
①The temprary wrker raised the kite a piece f string it.（with复合结构）
②The temprary wrker raised the kite a piece f string.（定语从句）
2. 尽管他是在农村长大的，他始终对城市的五光十色情有独钟。
① in the cuntry，he’s always had a desire fr the bright lights.（让步状语从句）
② in the cuntry，he’s always had a desire fr the bright lights.（非谓语动词作状语）
3. 有些人甚至质疑关于苹果落在牛顿头上，促使他提出了他的万有引力定律的故事。
① Sme even questined fell n Newtn’s head and led him t cme up with his thery f gravity.（定语从句）
②The stry an apple fell n Newtn’s head and led him t cme up with his thery f gravity.（同位语从句）
4. 这次会议促使他更深入地研究那个理论。
①The cnference the thery in mre depth.（简单句）
② stimulated him t study the thery in mre depth.（强调句）
5. 但在科学上，事实应该通过实验和现实来证明，我们不应该总是相信我们读到或听到的一切。
①But in science， by experiments and reality，and we shuld nt always believe everything we read r hear.（被动语态）
②But in science，experiments and reality shuld be used ，and we shuld nt always believe everything we read r hear.（be used t d）
能力提升练
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
New research suggests that Benjamin Franklin’s famus experiment with lightning may be fictin instead 1. __________ fact.
During a strm in 1752，Franklin raised a kite with a piece f string 2. （tie） t it. A metal key was attached t the string. A flash f lightning hit the kite，and electricity 3. （cnduct） thrugh the string t the key. Franklin then tuched the key with his finger and gt an electric shck.
Fr many years，schls 4. （teach） the stry f Franklin’s lightning experiment. 5. ，neither the stry nr the details f the experiment 6. （be）entirely true. The detail abut the string and the key is true. But scientists all agree that if Franklin had 7. （actual）tuched the key，he wuld certainly have died frm the electric shck.
Scientists ften questin accepted ideas because they want t establish the facts. Sme have even questined the stry abut the apple 8. fell n Newtn’s head and led him 9. （cme） up with his thery f gravity.
Admittedly，fictin is ften 10. （interesting） than the truth. But in science，facts shuld be prved by experiments and research，and we shuld nt always believe everything we read r hear—even if it is a great stry.
Ⅵ.完形填空
My husband，ur children and I have had wnderful camping experiences ver the past ten years.
Sme f ur 1 are funny，especially frm the early years when ur children were little. Once，we 2 alng Chalk Creek. I was 3 that ur 15-mnth-ld by wuld fall int the creek（小溪）. I tied a rpe arund his waist t keep him near t ur spt. That lasted abut ten minutes. He was 4 ，and his crying let the whle campgrund knw it. S 5 tying him up，I just kept a clse eye n him. It 6 —he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-ld，hwever，did.
Anther time，we rented a bat in Vallecit Lake. The sky was clear when we 7 ，but strms mve in fast in the muntains，and this ne quickly 8 ur peaceful mrning trip. The 9 picked up and thunder rlled. My husband stpped fishing t 10 the mtr. Nthing. He tried again. N 11 . We were stuck in the middle f the lake with a dead mtr. As we all sat there 12 ，a fisherman pulled up，threw us a rpe and twed（拖）us back. We were 13 .
Nw，every year when my husband pulls ur camper ut f the garage，we are filled with a sense f 14 ，wndering what camping fun and 15 we will experience next.
1. A. ideasB. jkesC. memriesD. discveries
2. A. campedB. drveC. walkedD. cycled
3. A. annyedB. surprisedC. disappintedD. wrried
4. A. unhurtB. unfrtunateC. uncmfrtableD. unafraid
5. A. due tB. instead fC. apart frmD. as fr
6. A. wrkedB. happenedC. matteredD. changed
7. A. signed upB. calmed dwnC. checked utD. headed ff
8. A. arrangedB. interruptedC. cmpletedD. recrded
9. A. windB. niseC. temperatureD. speed
10. A. findB. hideC. startD. fix
11. A. luckB. answerC. wnderD. signal
12. A. patientlyB. tirelesslyC. dubtfullyD. helplessly
13. A. srryB. braveC. safeD. right
14. A. reliefB. dutyC. prideD. excitement
15. A. failureB. adventureC. perfrmanceD. cnflict
Ⅶ.阅读理解
Hneybees can’t swim，and when their wings are wet，they can’t fly，either. But Chris Rh and ther researchers at the Califrnia Institute f Technlgy fund that when bees drp bdies int water，they can use their wings t prduce little waves and slide tward land—like surfers wh create and then ride their wn waves.
As with many scientific advances—Isaac Newtn’s apple r Benjamin Franklin’s lightning blt—Dr. Rh’s experiment began with a walk. Passing Caltech’s Millikan Pnd in 2016，he bserved a bee n the water’s surface prducing waves. He wndered hw an insect knwn fr flight culd push itself thrugh water.
Dr. Rh and his c-wrker，Mrteza Gharib，used butterfly nets t cllect lcal Pasadena hneybees and bserved their surf-like mvements. The researchers used a wire t restrict each bee’s bdily mvement，allwing clse examinatin f their wings. They fund that the bee bends its wings at a 30-degree angle，pulling up water and prducing a frward frce. Bees get trapped n the surface because water is rughly three times heavier than air. But that weight helps t push the bee frward when its wings mve quickly up and dwn. It’s a tugh exercise fr the bees，which the researchers guess culd handle abut 10 minutes f the activity.
The researchers said the surf-like mvement hasn’t been dcumented in ther insects and mst semiaquatic insects use their legs fr prpulsin，which is knwn as water-walking.“It may have evlved in bees，”they predicted.
Dr. Rh and Dr. Gharib have imagined many practical applicatins fr bees’ surfing. One plan is t use their bservatins t design rbts able t travel acrss sky and sea.“This culd be useful fr the search and rescues，r fr getting samples f the surface f the cean，if yu can’t send a bat r helicpter，”Dr. Gharib said.
1. What des the authr intend t shw by mentining Newtn and Franklin?
A. Rh’s admiratin fr them.B. Rh’s chance discvery abut bees.
C. Their utstanding talent fr science.D. Their similar achievements in discvery.
2. What plays the mst vital rle in a bee’s mving frward n water?
A. The air weight.B. Its leg extensin.
C. The water mvement.D. Its cntinuus wingbeat.
3. What des the underlined wrd“prpulsin”in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Fast flight.B. Driving frce.C. Pulling speed.D. Explsive pwer.
4. What des the text mainly tell us?
A. Hneybees can surf t safety.B. Bees help scientists make inventins.
C. Insects can adapt t the envirnment.D. Nature is a helpful guide fr discvery.
Ⅷ. 七选五
Rather than having t perate hme devices（设备）like yur cffee maker and cleaner directly，yu can nw use them remtely frm yur phne，wherever yu happen t be.
Warm up yur huse wherever yu are. 1 But thanks t mdern thermstats（恒温器），there’s n need t feel anxius. Nw many smart systems enable yu t cntrl the heating remtely thrugh yur smartphne，s yu can adjust the temperature while yu’re at wrk r n the way hme.
Ck while watching TV. Imagine an ven（烤箱）that just knws hw lng everything will take t ck.
2 And it’ll even prduce a live vide f the cking，s yu’ll knw exactly when the fd is starting t brwn. What is mre amazing is that sme intelligent vens even have Fd ID sftware that can detect what yu’re feeding int them and recmmend a cking prgram. 3
Make a cffee frm bed. It’s perfect fr the winter mnths. With a Wi-Fi enabled smart cffee machine yu can wake up，tap a buttn n yur smartphne and get a message when yur cffee is ready. 4 Yu can even schedule it remtely，s there’s a pt f ht cffee waiting fr yu when yu get int yur huse.
5 Smart hme devices can save yur time and mney，and sme can even save yur life. Fr example，a smart smke alarm will send a warning t yur smartphne if it discvers danger r carbn mnxide（一氧化碳）. Fr thse false alarms set ff by things like burned tast，yu can silence the alarm via yur smartphne，n mre climbing n dinner chairs t shut the nise ff.
A. Yu needn’t walk away frm yur favrite activities.
B. It’ll send prgress infrmatin t yur phne.
C. Energy bills ften wrry yu deeply during the winter mnths.
D. Check whether yur hme is safe frm yur phne.
E. All yu need t d is put the fd in and hit“Start”buttn.
F. Keep an eye n yur things frm anywhere in the wrld.
G. It’s well wrth the extra 15 minutes in bed!

课时把关练
Part III Develping ideas
参考答案
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. drafting 2. lightning 3. fictin 4. cnduct 5. gravity 6. attached 7. prcedures 8. metal
9. prf 10. accunt
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. experiments 考查名词的复数。句意：大量实验排除了孩子们误解所提问问题的可能性。根据前面的a number f可知，此处表示复数概念，故用名词的复数形式。
2. declaratins 考查名词的用法。句意：就像通常的这种集会一样，宣言内容在代表团到达之前就差不多拟好了。在冠词the后面，用名词形式；根据后面谓语动词中的were可推知，此处是复数概念，故用名词的复数形式。
3. scientific 考查形容词的用法。句意：他告诉我们，他找到了进一步证实这种理论的科学根据。修饰后面的名词evidence，作定语，用形容词形式。
4. cnducts 考查动词。句意：他在研究导电材料方面作出了巨大成就。
5. entirely 考查副词。句意：得知他在自己的领域取得了成就，他的父母非常高兴。修饰后面的形容词happy，用副词形式作状语。
6. prf 考查名词。句意：但是就在最近，他们拿出证据证明敏感的大脑就是这样工作的。with为介词，后面应跟名词作宾语。
7. prcedures 考查名词的复数。句意：请按这些正当手续处理复杂的状况。根据前面的修饰词these可知，此处是复数概念，故用名词的复数形式。
8. mentally 考查副词。句意：在过去的几年里，我不仅在身体上而且在思想上成长了。本空和副词physically共同修饰动词grwn，故本空应用副词mentally“精神上，思想上”。
9. was attached 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：在中国教育发展史上，尊重教育是非常重要的。陈述过去的事情用一般过去时；主语imprtance和动词attach之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
10. has drafted 考查动词的时态。句意：该部门已草拟了未来发展的规划。强调结果和影响，用现在完成时。
Ⅲ. 用所给短语的适当形式填空
1. take place 2. alng with 3. cme up with 4. tied t 5. cntributes t 6. Apart frm
7. beynd recgnitin 8. was attached t 9. die frm 10. was named after
Ⅳ. 一句多译
1. ①with，tied t 这是一个简单句，with sth. dne是with复合结构，string与tie之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词形式。
② that/which was tied t 这是一个主从复合句，that/which引导定语从句。
2. ①Althugh he grew up 此处是让步状语从句，althugh意为“尽管”。
②Althugh grwing up 此处是非谓语动词作状语，和逻辑主语he之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。
3. ①the stry abut the apple that 这是一个主从复合句，that引导定语从句。
② was even questined that 这是一个主从复合句，that 引导同位语从句，解释说明the stry。
4. ①stimulated him t study 根据语境可知，此处是陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时。
②It was the cnference that 这是一个强调句型，强调主语the cnference。
5. ①facts shuld be prved facts与prve是被动关系，应使用被动语态。
② t prve facts be used t d sth.被用来做某事，动词不定式短语作目的状语。
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
1. f 考查介词。句意：新的研究表明，本杰明·富兰克林著名的闪电实验可能是虚构的，而不是事实。instead f意为“而不是”，故本空应用介词f。
2. tied 考查过去分词。句意：1752年的一场暴风雨中，富兰克林用一根绳子放飞了一只风筝。句中with a piece f string （tie）t it为with复合结构，其中a piece f string和tie之间为被动关系，故此处应用过去分词。
3. was cnducted 考查时态及语态。句意：一道闪电击中了风筝，电流通过绳子传到了钥匙上。根据前后句时态可知，本空应用一般过去时；且and后分句的主语electricity和动词cnduct之间为被动关系，故本空应用一般过去时的被动语态。
4. have taught 考查时态。句意：学校已经教了许多年富兰克林闪电实验的故事。根据fr many years可知，本空应用现在完成时。
5. Hwever 考查副词。句意：然而，不管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非完全属实。根据本句及前句句意可知，前后语意为转折关系，故本空应用hwever“然而”。
6. are 考查主谓一致。句意参考上题。本句主语为neither... nr...连接的并列主语，谓语动词的单复数应遵循“就近原则”，即和nr后的主语保持一致，故本空应用are。
7. actually 考查副词。句意：但科学家们都同意，如果富兰克林真的碰了钥匙，他肯定会死于电击。本空修饰动词tuched，故应用副词actually。
8. that/which 考查定语从句。句意：有些人甚至质疑砸在牛顿头上、促使他提出了他的万有引力定律的苹果的故事。所填词引导定语从句，修饰名词apple，指物，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词that或which。
9. t cme 考查不定式。句意参考上题。lead sb. t d sth. 意为“促使某人做某事”，故本空应用不定式作宾补。
10. mre interesting 考查形容词比较级。句意：诚然，虚构的事往往比事实更有趣。根据空后的than可知，本空应用形容词比较级。
Ⅵ. 完形填空
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了作者一家在过去露营中令作者印象深刻的经历。其中的一次经历得到了陌生人的帮助，让作者对未来的冒险更加期待。
1. C 根据第一段作者在过去的十年里有很多美好的露营经历可知，作者是在对这些经历进行回忆，其中有一些回忆（memry）是有趣的。
2. A 作者回忆孩子小的时候，在Chalk Creek露营（camp）的经历。
3. D 根据下文作者在孩子腰部系上绳子让其靠近作者可知，作者担心（wrry）孩子，防止其掉入小溪中。
4. C 由下文孩子的哭声可知，绳子系在孩子身上应该是让孩子感到不舒服（uncmfrtable）了。
5. B 根据上文的“That lasted abut ten minutes.”和下文的 I just kept a clse eye n him可知，绳子系在孩子身上十分钟左右就取下来了，作者只能紧盯着他，所以此处 instead f 符合语境。
6. A 根据空格后的he didn’t end up in the creek可知，紧盯着孩子的做法有效果（wrk）。15个月大的儿子没有掉进小溪。
7. D 根据下文的 but strms mve in fast in the muntains 可知，山里的暴风雨来得很迅猛，but在此处表示转折，表明作者一家出发（head ff）时天气还很晴朗。sign up 意为“报名（参加课程）”；calm dwn意为“（使）平静，镇静”；check ut意为“结账离开（旅馆等）”。
8. B 暴风雨的逼近很快打断（interrupt）了作者一家平静的早晨之旅。
9. A 根据上文可知，暴风雨逼近，山风（wind）加剧，雷声隆隆。
10. C 根据下文的“We were stuck in the middle f the lake with a dead mtr.”可知，发动机无法启动了。所以此处是说作者的丈夫停止钓鱼，试图去启动（start）发动机。
11. A 上文讲述作者一家要启动发动机离开，启动后没反应，再试之后，仍然是得不到回应，由此可知应该是运气（luck）不佳。
12. D 根据上文作者一家启动发动机无望可知，一家人只能无助地（helplessly）坐在原地。
13. C 上文讲述作者一家在无助的时候，刚好有一位渔民向作者一家提供援助，由此可知作者一家人是安全的（safe）。
14. D 根据下文作者一家都期待以后的露营会带来怎样的乐趣可知，作者一家对以后的露营都充满了兴奋（excitement）感。
15. B 作者一家都期待以后的露营会带来怎样的乐趣和冒险（adventure）。
Ⅶ. 阅读理解
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，蜜蜂掉进水里时可以用翅膀产生小波浪，然后像会创造并驾驭自己的波浪的冲浪者一样滑向陆地。文章主要介绍了相关研究的开展过程以及蜜蜂冲浪行为可以带来的一些实际应用。
1. B 推理判断题。根据第二段段意可推知，作者提及牛顿和富兰克林是想表明Rh关于蜜蜂冲浪行为的偶然发现。
2. D 细节理解题。根据第三段中“But that weight helps t push the bee frward when its wings mve quickly up and dwn.”可知，蜜蜂在水中前进的过程中，持续拍打翅膀起着最重要的作用。
3. B 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文The researchers said the surf-like mvement hasn’t been dcumented in ther insects and mst semiaquatic insects use their legs fr以及后文which is knwn as water-walking可知，研究人员说，在其他昆虫身上还没有记录到这种类似冲浪的运动，大多数半水生昆虫用它们的腿进行推进，这被称为水上行走。故画线词意思是“推动力”。
4. B 主旨大意题。根据最后一段内容再结合文章主要介绍了这项研究的开展过程可知，蜜蜂的冲浪行为可以带来一些实际应用，故文章主要告诉我们蜜蜂帮助科学家进行发明创造。
【高级语块】
pull up向上拉；停车，停止；责备 get trapped被困住，陷入 up and dwn上上下下；起落
【长难句分析】
The researchers said the surf-like mvement hasn’t been dcumented in ther insects and mst semiaquatic insects use their legs fr prpulsin，which is knwn as water-walking.
句意：研究人员说，在其他昆虫身上还没有记录到这种类似冲浪的运动，大多数半水生昆虫用它们的腿进行推进，这被称为水上行走。
句法分析：句中which is knwn as water-walking是非限制性定语从句，对主句起补充说明的作用。
Ⅷ. 七选五
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几款智能家居设备带给我们生活上的便利。
1. C 根据后文“But thanks t mdern thermstats，there’s n need t feel anxius.”中的But可推知，C项“Energy bills ften wrry yu deeply during the winter mnths.”符合语境。
2. B 根据前文“Imagine an ven that just knws hw lng everything will take t ck.”及后文“And it’ll even prduce a live vide f the cking...”可知，本段讲述的是智能烤箱的特点。B项“It’ll send prgress infrmatin t yur phne.”符合语境。
3. E 根据前文“What is mre amazing is that sme intelligent vens even have Fd ID sftware that can detect what yu’re feeding int them and recmmend a cking prgram.”可知，此处是描写智能烤箱在做饭方面的方便之处。E项“All yu need t d is put the fd in and hit‘Start’buttn.”符合语境。
4. G 根据前文“With a Wi-Fi enabled smart cffee machine yu can wake up，tap a buttn n yur smartphne and get a message when yur cffee is ready.”可知，有了智能咖啡机可以节省早上的时间。G项“It’s well wrth the extra 15 minutes in bed!”符合语境。
5. D 根据后文“Smart hme devices can save yur time and mney，and sme can even save yur life.”可知，本段是讲述智能家居设备对家庭安全方面的好处。D项“Check whether yur hme is safe frm yur phne.”符合语境。
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