高中外研版 (2019)Unit 6 Disaster and hope优秀课后测评

课时把关练

Part III  Developing ideas

基础知识练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1. The rare species is found in coastal waters of Australia，and n______________（无处）else.

2. I’m lucky that I’m interested in the origins of life on earth. O______________（否则）I’d go mad.

3. The h______________（直升机）made several passes over the zone before landing.

4. In addition to these arrangements，extra ambulances will be on duty until m______________（午夜）.

5. The Hurricane Center warns people not to take the t______________（威胁）of tropical storms lightly.

6. It is confirmed that only when agriculture is fully developed can industry have s______________（充足的） materials and markets. 

7. People were desperately seeking s______________（庇护）from the tsunami.

8. The spokesman made the announcement that the earthquake caused damage to p______________（财产）estimated at 6 million dollars.

9. The government has put more than 2b______________（十亿）dollars into the project helping people with disabilities.

10. Located in the northwest of Shandong Province，our c______________（县） is famous for cotton.

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1. ______________（mosquito）are extremely abundant near rivers，streams and other wet places.

2. If you were ______________（sufficient）patient to her，she would make more progress.

3. Users can also use the app to find drinking fountains，or places to shelter ______________ the sun.

4. Dad ______________（threat）to stop £ 1 a week from our pocket money if we didn’t clean the carpet.

5. ______________（thankful），we seem to be learning something from those painful failures of the past.

6. ______________（surround） by the crowd who spoke a different language，he was filled with anxiety.

7. Some astronomers may be more productive______________ midnight than they are at noon.

8. The astronomer was fascinated by the ______________（billion）of stars in the sky.

9. The captain is a ______________（rely）man. We get along well with each other all the time.

10. ______________ he said，the doctor didn’t permit him to leave hospital.

Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子

1. 他沿着海滨的路散步，身后跟着一条狗。

He took a walk along the road on the shore，__________________________________.

2. 调查人员目前尚未确定事故发生的原因。

Investigators _____________________ determine the cause of the accident.

3. 他的读者提出反馈意见，请求他继续写作，对此，他非常吃惊。

His readers provided feedback and asked him to ________________________，and he was very amazed at that.

4. 那位船长很疲惫，一上床就睡着了。

The captain was _____________________________ he fell asleep the moment he went to bed.

5. 突然之间，医院里挤满了无数的流血的病人，使医生和护士们崩溃了。

________________________，the hospital was filled with numerous bleeding patients，making the doctors and nurses break down.

Ⅳ. 一句多译

1. 因为有这么多重大问题要解决，经理只好工作到半夜。

①________________________________________________，the manager had to work to midnight.（复合句）

②_________________________________________，the manager had to work to midnight.（with的复合结构）

2. 妈妈喊着要赶快出去，但那时已经太晚了。

①Mom cried to get out quickly，but ______________________ too late by then.（并列句）

②Mom cried to get out quickly，__________________________________ too late by then.（独立主格结构）

3. 到处都是水，但是我们不能喝，否则我们真的会生病的。

① ________________________ everywhere，but we couldn’t drink any of it. Otherwise we’d get really sick.（并列句）

② _________________________ everywhere，we couldn’t drink any of it. Otherwise we’d get really sick.（独立主格结构）

4. 虽然只过了几天我们就获救了，但感觉就像过了几个月。

① ____________________________ only a few days before we were rescued，it felt like months.（复合句）

② _______________ only a few days before we were rescued，it felt like months.（独立主格结构）

5. 尽管周围的一切提醒我们曾经历过的灾难，我们仍在一起努力重建我们的家园和生活。

① _________________________________by reminders of the disaster，we are working together to rebuild our homes and our lives.（复合句）

② ________________________ by reminders of the disaster，we are working together to rebuild our homes and our lives.（分词短语）

能力提升练

Ⅴ.课文语法填空

Stars after the storm

  The hurricane happened so quickly. I1. 　　　　（sit） in my room when the roof just flew off. I was

2. 　　　　frightened that I just froze.

  3. 　　　　 a roof，staying inside was too dangerous. There was water everywhere，but we couldn’t drink any of it otherwise we’d get really sick. We just had drinking water 4. 　　　　 was sent to us by helicopter. I just spent the days5. 　　　　（watch） the boats going up and down the street and looking out for my cat，Smartie. He had disappeared the moment the storm hit.

  Mom said that whatever happens，we should always try 6. 　　　　（see） the good side of things. Mom’s words made us feel better. I remember us all lying under the midnight sky and looking up at the stars. Because there were no lights，we could see the Big Dipper，the Little Dipper and the Milky Way. It was amazing! Even though we 7. 　　　　（lose） a lot，moments like those gave us hope for the future.

  Although it was only a few days before we were rescued，it felt like 8. 　　　　（month）. We were taken to another town in a faraway county. 9. 　　　　（thankful），Smartie came home just in time.

  Now，one year has passed and I’m back home in New Orleans. Some families have yet to return，but many others have come back. Although we 10. 　　　　（surround） by reminders of the disaster，we are working together to rebuild our homes and our lives.

Ⅵ. 阅读理解

　　Trust me，you don’t want to get caught in a tsunami! Tsunamis are one of the world’s most powerful natural forces. They can cause huge amounts of damage.

　　But do you know exactly what a tsunami is? They are huge，powerful waves in the ocean that grow as they reach the shore. Most tsunamis are actually caused by earthquakes. An earthquake happens when a big piece of the Earth’s crust（地壳）suddenly moves. When the piece of ocean floor moves，it creates big holes. The water floods in to fill these holes. When the water moves quickly，it creates a huge wave. This is how tsunamis are born!

　　Other natural disasters like landslides，volcanic eruptions，and glaciers breaking off can also cause tsunamis. Once the water starts moving because of the force of the disaster，large waves begin to spread. These waves can move very fast. They have been recorded at speeds from 400 up to 500 miles per hour! They can also move across very long distances.

　　At first，the waves of the tsunami may not seem that tall. That’s because when the waves travel through the deep parts of the ocean，the top of each wave is very short. But as the waves come near to the coast，they grow in height. Remember，the tsunami travels quickly. If you are sitting on a beach，you may not see the wave coming at first. But when the wave arrives，it will be like a towering wall of water. Some waves are as tall as 100 feet high. The tsunami causing the highest wave ever recorded happened in 1958 in Lituya Bay，Alaska. The wave was about 1，720 feet high，and it wiped out the vegetation and everything else in its way.

　　As frightening as tsunamis can be，you don’t need to worry too much about them. They don’t happen that often. Only about two tsunamis happen every year. And it is said that serious，really damaging tsunamis only happen about every fifteen years. So don’t worry.

1. Based on the information in the article，which natural disaster is not responsible for causing a tsunami?

A. A tornado. B. A volcanic eruption.  C. An earthquake. D. A landslide.

2. If a tsunami forms in the deep ocean，2，000 miles off the coast of Sri Lanka，how long at least will it take the tsunami to reach the coast of Sri Lanka?

A. 2 hours.  B. 3 hours.     C. 4 hours.  D. 5 hours.

3. Which of the following about a tsunami is true?

A. The waves of the tsunami always move slowly over a long distance.

B. People on a ship in the ocean will notice a tsunami as soon as it forms.

C. When people on the beach first notice a tsunami，the waves are not tall.

D. People will not notice a tsunami until it gets close to the coast.

4. Where would this passage most likely be found?

A. In a newspaper. B. In a science magazine. C. In a textbook.  D. In a storybook.

Ⅶ. 七选五

　　In 1980 in Washington，after 123 years of hibernation，Mount St. Helens erupted. 　1　. The eruption released a lot of hot ash，gas，steam and rocks that moved down giant trees up to 15 miles away.

　　　2　. Some，like Mount St. Helens，explode. Volcanic eruptions are so powerful. They can shoot particles 20 miles up，and cause massive landslides. 　3　，which destroy everything in the path. Explosive volcanoes cause most of the volcano-related fatalities（死亡）. Volcanoes，like Mauna Loa in Hawaii，are effusive. Rather than a violent explosion，lava pours or flows out. Fatalities from this kind of volcano are rare because people can usually outrun the lava. However，some people get too close or become trapped with no escape. 　4　.

　　Volcanic eruptions can cause damage hundreds of miles away. Volcanic ash causes airplane engines to fail，destroys crops，makes water dirty，and damages electronics and machinery. The ash covers the ground，burying everything，sometimes even causing buildings to fall down.

　　A volcanic eruption forever changes the landscape. 　5　，they also create mountains，islands，and，eventually，rich land.

A. Volcanoes are very harmful

B. Though volcanoes destroy

C. Volcanoes erupt in different ways

D. Better ways must be found to deal with volcanoes

E. Volcanic eruptions also create a fall of hot volcanic debris，ash and gas

F. The blast destroyed 230 square miles of forest within minutes

G. The flowing lava destroys everything it touches including farms，houses and roads

课时把关练

Part III  Developing ideas

参考答案

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1. nowhere　2. Otherwise　3. helicopter　4. midnight  5. threat　6. sufficient 7. shelter　8. property　

9. billion 10. county

Ⅱ. 单句语法填空

1. Mosquitoes　句意：靠近河流、小溪以及其他潮湿的地方蚊子非常多。根据语境可知，此处是复数概念，故用名词的复数形式。

2. sufficiently　句意：如果你当时对她足够耐心，她会取得更大的进步。修饰后面的形容词patient作状语，故用副词形式。

3. from　句意：用户也可以用这个应用程序找到喷泉式饮水器或遮阳的场所。shelter from是常用搭配，意为“躲避，遮挡”。

4. threatened　句意：父亲威胁说，如果我们不把地毯收拾干净，他就每星期扣我们1英镑的零花钱。分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作谓语动词，故用动词形式。陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时。

5. Thankfully　句意：庆幸的是，我们似乎在从过去那些沉痛的失败中学习一些东西。thankfully是句子副词，表示庆幸。

6. Surrounded　句意：被说不同语言的一群人包围着，他的心里充满了焦虑。surround与he之间为被动关系，故用过去分词短语作状语。

7. at　句意：比起中午，有些天文学家或许在半夜里更有效率。at midnight是常用搭配，意为“在午夜”。

8. billions　句意：这位天文学家被天空中数十亿颗星星所吸引。billion前没有确切的数字且其后有of时，应用复数形式。有类似用法的词还有hundred，thousand，million等。

9. reliable　句意：那个船长是个可靠的人。我们一直相处得很融洽。reliable adj. 可信赖的，可靠的。

10. Whatever　句意：无论他说什么，医生都没有允许他出院。本空所填词引导让步状语从句，且在从句中作宾语，根据句意可知应用whatever；句首单词首字母须大写。

Ⅲ. 根据汉语意思完成句子

1. with a dog behind him　2. have yet to   3. keep on writing 4. so tired that   5. All of a sudden

Ⅳ. 一句多译

1. ①Because there are so many significant problems to settle　because引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”。

 ②With so many significant problems to settle　此处是with的复合结构，根据语境可知，问题尚未解决，“with + 宾语 + 不定式”在句中作原因状语。

2. ①it was already 这是一个并列句，but连接两个分句。

 ②it being already 这是一个简单句，独立主格结构作状语。

3. ①There was water 这是一个并列句，but连接前后两个分句。

 ②There being water 此处是独立主格结构作状语。

4. ①Although it was 这是一个复合句，although引导让步状语从句。

 ②It being 此处是独立主格结构作状语。

5. ①Although we are surrounded 这是一个复合句，although引导让步状语从句。

 ②Although surrounded 这是一个简单句，过去分词短语作状语。we与surround之间为被动关系，surround用过去分词形式。

Ⅴ.课文语法填空

1. was sitting　考查时态。句意：我正坐在我的房间里，这时屋顶突然飞走了。本句为“Sb. was/were doing...when...”句型，意为“某人正在做……这时……”，故本空应用过去进行时。

2. so　考查固定句型。句意：我如此害怕以至于我呆住了。本句为“so...that...”句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。so为副词，修饰形容词frightened。

3. Without　考查介词。句意：没有屋顶，待在里面太危险了。根据前文可知，作者房子的屋顶被刮走了。故本空应用介词without“没有”。

4. that/which　考查定语从句。句意：我们只喝用直升机运送给我们的饮用水。本空引导定语从句，修饰drinking water，且在从句中作主语，指物，故本空应用关系代词that或which。

5. watching　考查固定结构。句意：我只是整天看着街上来来往往的船只，留意寻找我的猫——斯玛蒂。spend time（in） doing sth. 意为“花费时间做某事”，是固定结构。

6. to see　考查不定式。句意：妈妈说不管发生什么，我们都应该总是尽量看到事情好的一面。try to do sth.意为“尽量做某事”，故本空应用不定式作宾语。

7. had lost　考查时态。句意：尽管我们失去了很多，但那样的时刻给了我们对未来的希望。根据句意可知，本空动作发生在gave之前，为“过去的过去”，故本空应用过去完成时。

8. months　考查名词复数。句意：虽然只过了几天我们就获救了，但感觉就像过了几个月。month为可数名词，本空用复数。

9. Thankfully　考查副词。句意：谢天谢地，斯玛蒂及时回家了。本空在句中作状语，故应用副词thankfully“幸亏，幸好”。

10. are surrounded　考查时态及语态。句意：尽管我们周围都是使我们回忆起灾难的东西，但我们正在共同努力重建我们的家园和生活。根据句意可知，本空应用一般现在时；且句子主语we和动词surround之间为被动关系。故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态。

Ⅵ. 阅读理解

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上最强大的自然力量之一——海啸。

1. A　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Most tsunamis are actually caused by earthquakes.”及第三段中“Other natural disasters like landslides，volcanic eruptions，and glaciers breaking off can also cause tsunamis.”可知，只有龙卷风不会引起海啸。

2. C　推理判断题。根据第三段中“They have been recorded at speeds from 400 up to 500 miles per hour!”可判断，如果海啸在离斯里兰卡海岸2 000英里的深海形成，至少要4个小时才能到达斯里兰卡海岸。

3. D　细节理解题。根据第四段中“If you are sitting on a beach，you may not see the wave coming at first. But when the wave arrives，it will be like a towering wall of water.”可知，在海啸接近海岸之前，人们不会注意到它。

4. B　推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了世界上最强大的自然力量之一——海啸，包括它的形成原因和一些特点。这属于自然科学范畴，所以最有可能出自科学杂志。

Ⅶ. 七选五

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。虽然火山爆发会造成极大的危害，但是它可以改变地貌，创造山和岛屿，最终造就肥沃的土地。

1. F　上文提到“1980年在华盛顿，休眠了123年后，圣海伦斯火山爆发了”，F项（这次爆发在几分钟内摧毁了230平方英里的森林）可承接上文。

2. C　下文提到圣海伦斯火山和莫纳罗亚火山两种不同的火山爆发的方式，故用C项引出下文。

3. E　根据下文的“毁坏了路上的一切”可知，E项符合语境。

4. G　上文提到“岩浆流出来”，G项（流动的岩浆摧毁它所触及的一切，包括农场、房屋和道路）可承接上文。

5. B　根据下文的“它们还创造山和岛屿，最后造就肥沃的土地”可知，B项符合语境。

【高级语块】

landscape n.（陆上的）风景　eventually adv.最终

【长难句分析】

Fatalities from this kind of volcano are rare because people can usually outrun the lava.

句意：这种火山导致的死亡很少见，因为人们通常跑得比岩浆快。

句法分析：本句为主从复合句，because people can...the lava为原因状语从句。