Unit 5 Learning from Nature Using language 课件

ArtScience Museum, Singaporenon-finite forms as subject, object and predicative选择性必修第三册Unit 5 Learning from NatureUsing language Non-finite非谓语动词ArtScience Museum, Singapore非谓语动词动词不定式动词现在分词动词过去分词ArtScience Museum, Singapore学会判断何时使用非谓语动词1.The girl_____________(dance) in the classroom now.2.The girl___________(dance) in the classroom now and she looks very confident.3.The girl _________（dance) in the classroom now looks very confident.is dancingis dancingdancing总结：当所给提示词是动词时, 若句中已有谓语动词, 又不是并列谓语时, 则要考虑填非谓语动词。CONTENTS目录非谓语作主语1非谓语作宾语234非谓语作表语非谓语作定语5非谓语作补足语6非谓语作状语非谓语动词的所有形式ArtScience Museum, SingaporeNon-finite forms as subject, object and predicativeThe Eastgate Centre, Harare一、非谓语作主语Read the following sentences and find their subjects 1．Knowing basic first­aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.2．It is no use complaining without taking action.3．To climb the mountain is hard work but to go down the mountain is great fun.4．It is not easy to find your way around the town.The Eastgate Centre, HarareLook at Sentences and answer questions：1.To protect the environment is everyone’s duty.2. It is everyone’s duty to protect the environment.3. Eating too much chocolate is bad for your teeth.4. It is no use asking me. I know no more than you know.划线部分充当的句子成分为：_______ 非谓语中可充当其成分的有：_______ 和_______。主语不定式现在分词 非谓语动词作主语[归纳用法]1．­ing形式作主语表示一般的、抽象的、泛指的概念，常用it作形式主语。常用于固定句型：It's a waste of time doing...；It's no use/good doing...；It is useless doing...；There is no doing...2．不定式作主语，一般表示具体某一次的动作。常用 it作形式主语。3．it作形式主语时，不定式或­ing形式是真正的主语，放在句子后部，以使句子保持平衡。It is +adj + for sb +to do It is +adj+of sb +to doThe Algae House , Hamburg 非谓语动词作主语[即学即练1]　单句语法填空①His___________(come)late made the teacher very angry.②It is no use___________ (cry)over spilt milk.③___________(see)is to believe.④It is important ___________(respect)people.It is necessary for you ___________(give) up smoking. comingcryingTo seeto respectto giveThe Algae House , Hamburg 非谓语动词作主语二、非谓语作宾语Read the following sentences and find their objects 1. My English teacher promised to lend some books to me.2．We only missed seeing each other by five minutes.3．Do you mind being interrupted while studying?4．My mother couldn't help smiling when she heard the good news. Look at Sentences and answer questions：1. We agreed to meet here but so far she has not turned up yet.2. David suggested selling your house and car to pay the debt.3. I forgot to close the door.4. I forgot writing the letter. 划线部分充当的句子成分为：_______ 非谓语中可充当其成分的有：_______；_______。宾语动词不定式现在分词总结： 1.只能用不定式作宾语的动词： decide/determine，learn，want，expect/hope/wish； refuse，manage，care，pretend； offer，promise，choose，plan； agree，ask/beg，help。此外，afford，strive，happen，wait，threaten等也要用不定式作宾语。决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。非谓语动词作宾语非谓语动词作宾语总结： 2.只能用动名词作宾语的动词： consider，suggest/advise，look forward to；excuse/pardon；admit，delay/put off，fancy(想象，设想)；avoid，miss，keep/keep on，practice；deny，finish，enjoy/appreciate；forbid，imagine，risk；can't help(禁不住)，mind，allow/permit，escape考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。非谓语动词作宾语总结：3.下列动词短语后也要用­ing形式作宾语be used/accustomed to，lead to，devote to，go back to，stick to，object to，get down to，pay attention to，can't stand (无法忍受)，give up，feel like，insist on，thank...for，apologize for，be busy (in)，have difficulty/trouble (in)，have a good/wonderful/hard time (in)，spend time (in)，look forward to非谓语动词作宾语总结： 4.动词后面既可以接to do 也可以接doing,意思不一样 非谓语动词作宾语总结： 4.动词后面既可以接to do 也可以接doing,意思不一样 非谓语动词作宾语总结： 4.动词后面既可以接to do 也可以接doing,意思不一样 总结： 4.动词后面既可以接to do 也可以接doing,意思不一样 to do 停止做某事 指停止做原来的事情 stop doing 停下（手头的事情）去做另外一件事 非谓语动词作宾语Hearing the doorbell,she stopped washingthe dishes. 听见门铃声，她停止洗碗了。 Hearing the dollbell, she stopped to open the dor. 听见门铃声，她停下手中的活去开门。I had meant to give you this book today，but I forgot.我本来打算今天给你这本书的，可是我忘了。Missing this train means waiting for another hour.错过这辆火车意味着再等一小时。[即学即练2]　单句语法填空①David refused ________(accept)my invitation.②I had great difficulty ________(find)the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.③Bill suggested ___________(hold)a meeting on what to do for the Expo during the vacation.to acceptfindingholding 非谓语动词作表语1.The problem remains unsolved.2.Our plan is to keep the affair secret.3.Their job is making wheelchairs for disabled people.4.This beautiful village remains unknown to the rest of the world.5.His job is to paint the walls.6.This dog is frightening.7.This dog is frightened.8.What he wanted to suggest is to cut down the price and increase the sales.Read the following sentences and find their predicative look(看起来)，feel(感到、摸上去)，smell(闻起来) , taste(尝起来)，sound(听起来)seem(似乎是)，appear(似乎、显得)，prove(证明是)， turn out (结果是, 证明是) 等, etc.become, get（常用来指人或物的状态的变化，become 接单数名词时,名词前接冠词）turn (变成… +颜色,气味,天气,职业,年龄,时间等, 注意：接单数名词时, 单数名词前不接冠词 ),grow（表成长,发展中的变化，常+ strong, tall, thick, healthy etc.),go (多指朝坏的方面变化， 常+ wrong, bad, mad, hungry, blind etc), come (表事物的发展转向好的状态，常+ all right, true, alive etc.), fall（表进某种入状态 常+ ill, sick, silent, asleep etc.),run (变得不好, 常+ dry, short, wild etc.)remain(依然)，keep(保持)，stay(保持)等.如何判断是否是表语？---表语常位于系动词之后除了 be 动词,其他的系动词（半系动词）大致可分为四类：1.What he says sounds good. 2.She looks much younger in her red dress. 3.He appears （to be ）very friendly with us.4.They seem to have misunderstood me.5.Put the fish in the fridge, or it will go bad in hot weather. 6.The meat will stay fresh for several days in the fridge. 7.He never keeps angry for a long time. 非谓语动词作表语Look at Sentences and answer questions：1.My job is to clean the rooms every day.2.His wish is to be a doctor in the future.3.Our job is playing all kinds of music.4.The news is exicting.5.We felt exicted. 划线部分充当的句子成分为：_______ 非谓语形式中可充其成分的有： _______ ；_______；_______。表语动词不定式现在分词过去分词非谓语动词作表语表示主语的具体内容，目的（可与主语互换位置）--具体的一次性的动作动词不定式形容词化，说明主语的性质或特征译为“令人....”现在分词表示抽象性的，习惯性的动作，表示主语的内容（可与主语互换位置）--经常性的一般性的动作动名词形容词化，说明主语的状态或感受译为“感到.....”过去分词to do 作表语My real intention is not to hurt her best friend.My job is to promote the new product. (1)不定式:说明主语内容，具体、特定、未来主语通常是抽象名词：aim/ purpose/ idea/ intention/ plan/ wish/ decision/ choice/needto do 作表语She is to return next week.It was about to leave when it started to rain.(2)be to do 可构成将来时态,表 “准备/打算/计划/需要”; 动名词 作表语His job is collecting folk songs. As friends, our duty is caring about each other.说明主语内容，一般或习惯性的动作现在分词作表语The spy story was thrilling. The news is shocking.说明主语的特征，翻译为”令人……的”过去分词作表语He was thrilled at the suggestion. The door remained locked.（1）说明主语的感受或状态，翻译为“感到……的”常跟在以下连系动词后作表语：be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become过去分词作表语The book is well written.The book was written by Mo Yan.（2）过去分词作表语和被动语态的区别“be+过去分词”： 表示状态时，是系表结构，分词形容词化； 表示动词时，是被动语态，动词执行者由介词by引出。[即学即练3]　单句语法填空①The queen's work is _______(lay)eggs.②The purpose of education is________(develop)a fine personality in children.③The next step is __________(make)sure that you know exactly what is required.④His ambition is _________(go)Harvard University. laying to developto maketo go练习1.__________ (remove) all the books will take us half an hour.2.What's more, it's our duty __________(take) care of the old.3.The purpose is __________(motivate) tourists to get to know the native language.4.I find it enjoyable __________(study) English.5.We can't afford __________(go) abroad this summer.6.David refused __________(accept) my invitation.To removeto taketo motivateto studyto goto acceptThanks for Learning