Unit 6 Nature in words 第3课时 Using Language 课件

外研版高中英语新教材选修第三册Unit 6 Nature in wordsUsing languageLearning Objectives1. To enable Students to know non-finites as attributive, adverbial and complement by analyzing examples and summarizing the rules.2. To help Students grasp the usage of non-finites as attributive, adverbial and complement by doing individual work and group work.3. To help Students use non-finites as attributive, adverbial and complement to describe their attitude towards nature.a. … I saw the ground so fantastically carpeted.b. … wake up to find yourself in another quite different, …c. … I can see the children flattening their noses against the window, …d. … flattened my nose against the cold window to watch the falling snow…What is the difference between the verbs in red in sentences(a) and(c)?In sentence (b), does “to find” indicate purpose or result?Past participle used as complementPresent participle used as complementPurposeResultAn attributive used to describe the snow.In sentence (d), does “to watch” indicate purpose or result? What is the function of “falling”?1. ..., whom I found all looking through the window at the magic outside and talking away as excited as if Christmas had suddenly come round again.2. ..., and last year I was out of the country, sweating in hot climate,...3. ,... with the faintly flushed snow lining its branches and artfully disposed along its trunk,...4. ..., and all the trees so many black and threatening shapes.5. There were indeed something curiously disturbing about the whole prospect.1. ..., whom I found all _______________ (look through) the window at the magic outside and ____________ (talk away) as excited as if Christmas had suddenly come round again.2. ..., and last year I was out of the country, _________ (sweat) in hot climate,...3. ,... with the faintly ________ (flush) snow ______ (line) its branches and artfully ________ (dispose) along its trunk,...4. ..., and all the trees so many black and ___________ (threaten) shapes.5. There were indeed something curiously __________ (disturb) about the whole prospect.Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.looking throughtalking awaysweatingflushedliningdisposedthreateninggodisturbing非谓语动词共有三类：不定式,V-ing, V-ed。本单元主要复习非谓语动词作定语、状语和补语的用法。复习：非谓语动词作定语、状语和补语Focus on 基本用法Review: non-finite forms as attributive, adverbial and complement不定式作定语通常放在其修饰的名词或代词之后。① Is this the best way to help him?这是帮他的最佳方法吗？② Your wish to be a teacher is quite understandable. 你想成为一个教师的愿望是可以理解的。 不定式动词不定式作定语1. 主谓关系① He is always the first person to come and the last one to leave. 他总是第一个来最后一个走。② The next train to arrive was from Shenzhen. 下一列到站的火车是从深圳开来的。不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词之间是主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系或修饰关系。2. 动宾关系① The teacher left us a lot of problems to solve. 老师给我们留了很多题要解答。② Please give me something to drink. 请给我点喝的。③ He wanted to find a new house to live in. 他想找个新房子住。当不定式作定语，且与被修饰的词语有逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式动词应该是及物动词；若不定式动词为不及物动词，则该动词必须与介词连用，组成及物的动词短语。3. 同位关系① He broke his promise to write to his parents regularly. 他没有遵守定期给父母写信的承诺。② We students should have the courage to face any difficulty. 我们学生应该有面对任何困难的勇气。4. 修饰关系① Now it is time to begin our class. 现在是上课的时间了。② I need somewhere to take a nap. 我需要一个地方打个盹。①He came here to attend an important meeting. ②Sam was very surprised to hear the news.③He went home to find his old friend George waiting for him. 目的原因结果动词不定式用作状语时，可以表示谓语动作发生的原因、目的、结果。动词不定式作状语① I'd like you to keep everything tidy. 我希望你能保持每样东西都整洁。② The teacher asked us to finish the work today. 老师要我们今天完成工作。③ Can you remind me to phone Ann tomorrow? 你能提醒我明天给安打个电话吗？动词不定式作宾语补足语带to的不定式verb + object + to infinitivewant ask help would like would love expect beg mean(=intend) would prefer would hate tell remind force enable teach order warn invite persuade get advise recommend encourage allow permit forbid(1) Can you help me ____________ English?你可以帮助我学英语吗？(2) I wish you could persuade her___________________.我希望你可以说服她仔细考虑一下。to learnto think it over ①Her parents wouldn’t let her go out alone.她父母不会让她独自出门。②The boss made the workers work 14 hours a day.老板让工人们每天工作14小时。③The teacher often has his students read aloud in class.老师经常让他的学生在教室里大声读。1) 用于使役动词let、make和have后面不带to的不定式2) 用于感官动词feel, hear, see和watch等后面①I felt something crawl up my arm.我觉得有个东西顺着手臂往上爬。②Did you hear him go out?你听到他出去了吗？③They saw the boy fall suddenly from the tree.他们看见那小男孩突然从树上跌下来。④They watched the bus disappear into the distance.他们注视着公共汽车消失在远方。drinking water =a walking stick =a reading room =a writing desk =tiring music = water for drinking 饮用水a stick for walking 手杖a room for reading 阅览室a desk for writing 写字台music that is tiring 烦人的音乐1. 单个的动词-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。V-ing形式V-ing形式作定语① He is reading something interesting. 他正在读有趣的内容。② There is nothing amazing.没什么了不起的。若单个的动词-ing形式修饰的词为those, something, everything, nothing 等代词时，则-ing形式要放在其后。①They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. 他们住在一间面朝街的房子。②The man standing there is Peter’s father. = The man who is standing there is Peter’s father. 站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。③Anybody swimming in this river will be fined. = Anybody who is swimming in this river will be fined. 在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被罚款。2. V-ing形式短语作定语时，放在所修饰的名词之后，并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。①His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. 他的哥哥住在北京，是个教师。②The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. = The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. 那棵苹果树硕果累累，在微风中轻轻摇曳。3. -ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。1. Walking in the street, I saw a tailor's shop. 2. Being poor, he couldn't afford a TV set. 3. His father died, leaving the family even worse off. 4. Using your head, you will find a good way. 5. Studying hard, he didn't pass the exam. 6. He earns a living driving a truck. 7. He sat in the chair reading a newspaper. 时间原因结果条件让步方式伴随1. When I walked in the street, I saw a tailor’s shop.2. Because he was poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set.3. His father died and left the family even worse off.5. Though he studied hard, he didn’t pass the exam.4. If you use your head, you will find a good way.7. He sat in the chair and read a newspaper. 6. He earns a living by driving a truck.V-ing形式用作状语时，可以表示谓语动作发生的原因、时间、结果、条件、伴随、让步和方式等，起作用相当于状语从句或并列句。V-ing形式作状语V-ing形式作状语时，它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。Check the sentences.Looking out of the window, a cat was walking along the wall. Looking out of the window, we saw a cat walking along the wall. ① Supposing it rains, we will put off the sports meeting.② Generally speaking, boys are more interested in science than girls.如果下雨，我们就推迟运动会。一般来说，男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣。V–ing 用于某些固定搭配中，表示说话人的态度、观点等，如：generally speaking, frankly/honestly speaking, judging by/from, considering/seeing, supposing 等等。① I didn’t notice him waiting. 我没注意到他正在等我。② I felt an ant climbing over my leg.我感到一只蚂蚁正在我的腿上爬。③ Can you smell anything burning?你闻到什么东西正在燃烧吗？④ I saw him running down the street.我看见他正沿着街跑。1. see, watch, hear, feel, notice, smell等感官动词后接V-ing作宾语补足语, 表示该动作正在进行。V-ing形式作宾语补足语① They shut the door and left, leaving the fire burning.他们关上门走了，留下火在燃烧。② Sorry, I’ve kept you waiting a long time.对不起，让您久等了。2. have, leave, keep等使役动词后接V-ing作宾语补足语, 表示“使处于某种状态”。使役和感官动词之后用-ing形式和不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的区别：① We passed by the classroom and saw the teacher making the experiment.② We sat an hour and watched the teacher make the experiment. 我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。我们坐了一个小时，看老师做实验。（只在走过教室的刹那间，看见老师正在做实验）（一个小时之内一直在看老师做实验）表示动作正在进行表示（或强调）动作从开始到结束的全过程单个-ed作定语a. 及物动词的-ed形式作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义。b. 不及物动词的-ed形式作定语时只有完成意义。①a grown woman 一位成年妇女②an escaped prisoner 一名逃犯① a broken cup 一个破杯子② a wounded soldier 一名伤员V-ed形式作定语V-ed形式① the color TV set produced last year = the color TV set that was produced last year 去年生产的彩色电视机② a letter written to me by my daughter = a letter that was written to me by my daughter 一封我女儿写给我的信2. V-ed短语作定语通常后置，其作用相当于一个定语从句。1) 语态及时间关系不同V-ing表主动、正在进行或经常性的动作；V-ed 表被动、动作已经完成V-ed作定语与V-ing作定语的区别：（正往下落的）（已落到地面的）受鼓舞的听众鼓舞人心的演说 （正在变化的） （变化了的）（正在沸腾的） （已经沸腾过的）（正在凋谢的） （已经凋谢了的）（发展中的）（发达的）2) 及物动词的-ed与-ing的被动式都可表示被动, 但-ed表示一个完成了的动作, 而being done多表示一个正在进行的动作。 ①The problem discussed yesterday has something to do with us. ②The problem being discussed now has something to do with us.1. Asked what had happened, he kept silent.2. Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.3. Given more time, we would be able to do the work much better.4. Left alone at home, the little boy didn’t feel afraid at all.5. The teacher entered the classroom, followed by some students.时间原因条件让步伴随1. When he was asked what had happened, he kept silent.2. Because he was caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.3. If we were given more time, we would be able to do the work much better.5. The teacher entered the classroom, and he was followed by some students.4. Although he was left alone at home, the little boy didn’t feel afraid at all.V-ed形式用作状语时，可以表示谓语动作发生的时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随或方式，相当于状语从句或并列句。逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。V-ed形式作状语Change the sentences into complete ones.① When heated, ice will be changed into water.② Unless invited, I won’t attend his wedding.③ Once caught smoking in the kitchen, the cook will be fired.When it is heated, ice will be changed into water.Unless I am invited, I won’t attend his wedding.Once the cook is caught smoking in the kitchen, he will be fired. ①______ from the top of the building, the school looks beautiful. ②______ from the top of the building, we found the school beautiful.Seen Seeing 从楼顶上看，学校看起来很美。我们从楼顶往下看，发现学校很美。如果句子的主语和分词是主动关系，用V-ing形式。如果句子的主语和分词是被动关系，用V-ed形式。1. like, want, wish, order等后面接V-ed作宾语补足语, 表示命令或希望某件事被完成。① I want the suit made to his own measure.我想要这套衣服按他自己的尺寸来做。② He didn't wish it mentioned.他不希望它被提及。③ I want the room cleaned up when I come back. 我希望在我回来的时候，房间已清理好。V-ed形式作宾语补足语① I saw an old man knocked down by a car just now. 我刚才看到一位老人被车撞倒了。② He found his home town greatly changed.他发现自己的家乡大变样了。2. see, hear, notice, observe, watch, feel, find等感官动词后接V-ed作宾语补足语, 表示该动作与宾语之间是被动关系或者该动作已经完成。① We're having our car repaired. 我们正在请人修理汽车。② You’d better keep the guests seated. 你最好让客人坐下。③ He had his money stolen.他的钱被偷了。3. have, get, make, leave, keep等使役动词后接V-ed作宾语补足语, 表示动作由他人完成。在with的复合结构中可接不定式，V-ing 和V-ed作宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。① With a lot of work to do, he wasn't allowed to go out.② With spring coming on, trees turn green.③ With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries.④ With water heated, we can see the steam. ⑤The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.(方式)(条件)(原因)(时间)(原因)不定式表示将发生的动作;V-ing和前面的宾语是逻辑上的主谓关系;V-ed和前面的宾语是逻辑上的动宾关系。Despite uncertainties _________ (cast) by the COVID-19 pandemic, Chinese athletes are busy________(prepare) for the upcoming Tokyo Olympics, which is scheduled to open on July 23.“To continue___________(continue) high-intensity training for one more year is a tough call for our veterans (老手), but on the bright side it presents us with the opportunity __________(conduct)to conduct more sessions (训练) for our young divers _________(mature)to mature,” said Zhou Jihong, team manager of China’s all-conquering (战无不胜的) diving team。Complete the report!castpreparingto continueto conductto matureChinese teams are currently preparing for overseas trips________(start) starting from April. China’s women’s volleyball team, ________(lead)led by legendary coach Lang Ping, is hoping _________(make)to make the best out of a friendly match against Japan at a test event in Tokyo.startingledto makeI. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1. It's wrong for the ___________ (develop) countries to control the world. 2. Mr. Lee noticed a girl _________(stand) at the door, so he stopped to ask why she was there. 3. My computer broke down this morning, and I will get it _________(repair) as soon as possible. 4. I hurried to his house, only ________(find) that he was not at home. 5. He has no friend ___________(depend) on. 6. The child ________ (stand) over there is my brother.developedstanding repaired to findto dependstanding7. ____________ (know) how to go to the park, he turned to the police for help. 8. __________ (frighten) by the noise outside, Sue dared not sleep in her bedroom.9. The Greens, our neighbours, are kind enough ________(take) care of my mother while I am away. 10. This is the problem _________ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday.11. When he entered the room, he found the window _______(break).12. Where would you recommend me ______ (go) for holiday? Not knowingFrightenedto take discussedbrokento goII.翻译句子。1. ____________________ (受到他的演说鼓舞)， all the workers went all out. (inspire) 2. He rushed into__________________ (正在燃烧 着的房子). (burn)3. Did you attend _________________________ (昨 天举行的会议)? (hold)4. Do you have ___________________(什么要说 的)? (say)5. Mr. Lin got up early enough this morning ______ ____________ (为了赶第一班车) . (catch)Inspired by his speech the burning housethe meeting held yesterdayanything to sayto catch the first bus6. _________________(当我在街上走时), I saw him. (walk) 7. She won't have her long and beautiful hair _____ ________(剪短). (cut)8. When he passed the bank, he ________________ ___________________(看到 一个小偷正在偷钱) from it. (steal)9. With ________________ (没有人可以说话), Jim felt miserable (难受的). (talk)Walking in the street cut saw a thief stealing some moneyno one to talk toshortThe Lake Poets were a small group of poets (live) in the Lake District of England in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The Lake District, (know) for its beauty, is in the north-west of England. The first of the poets ________________ (come) there was Robert Southey, one of the most (respect) poets of his time. He was followed by William Wordsworth, perhaps Britain's most __________ (celebrate) 19th century poet, and then Samuel Coleridge, who had written the __________ (pioneer) work Lyrical Ballads with Wordsworth. Soon, _______ (draw) both by its natural beauty and a desire to be near these famous poets, other poets came (live) in the Lake District. All of these poets were seen as part of the Romantic Movement.Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.livingrespectedknownto come / comingto livedrawnpioneeringcelebratedLook at the picture and complete the travel journal entry with the words in the box. Use the structures you have learnt in this unit where appropriate.Today, whilst walking along a peaceful river running through a university campus, I was amazed to find… find blow go see fall relax enjoy runAssignmentWrite a journal using the non-finite as attributive, adverbial and complement. Thank you for your listening!