2022-2023学年陕西省宝鸡市金台区高二上学期期末考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年陕西省宝鸡市金台区高二上学期期末考试英语试题含解析，共28页。

 2022-2023学年度第一学期期末质量检测题
高二英语(选修6)
说明：本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。考试结束后，只需交回答题卡。
注意事项：
1.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.选出每小题答案后，用碳素笔或2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
第Ⅰ卷选择题(满分100分)
第一部分听力测试(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How does the man like to begin his lecture?
A. With a laugh. B. With a smile. C. With a joke.
2.What does the woman do?
A.A driver. B. A policeman. C. A gatekeeper.
3.Where are the two speakers?
A. At a bus stop. B. In a shop. C. In a hospital.
4.What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates. C. Mother and son.
5.What might have happened?
A. An earthquake. B. A fire. C. A gas accident.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。 听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What time did the woman think Cindy would come?
A. At 4:00. B. Before 4:00. C. After 4:00.
7.Where does the conversation take place?
A. At the man’s home. B. At a cafe. C. At the woman’s home.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. How will they travel?
A. By train. B. By bus. C. By plane.
9.When should the man book the traveling in advance?
A. Four months. B. Eight months. C. Ten months.
10.What is the purpose of the man?
A. To book a ticket. B. To give some details. C. To ask for information.
听第8段材料，回答第11至12题。
11. What will be broadcast on television on October 10th?
A. Cartoon films. B. A talk show. C. A scientific program.
12. Why should the program be easy to understand?
A. It is meant for non-scientists.
B. It is simple enough for children.
C. It will be shown after school.
听第9段材料，回答第13至14题。
13. What was the man worried about at first?
A. His family. B. His biology paper. C. His birthday party.
14. What will the woman do over the weekend?
A. Celebrate her grandmother’s birthday.
B. Work on her biology paper.
C. Read at the library.
听第10段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. How many places will Mr. Robertson visit in China?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
16. How will Robertson go to Xi’an?
A. By plane. B. By train. C. By car.
17. Where was Robertson born?
A. Australia. B. England. C. China
听第11段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Who is the speaker?
A. A policeman. B. David’s neighbor. C. David’s friend.
19. What can you learn from the story?
A. The speaker lost the key to the door.
B. The speaker forgot to feed the birds.
C. David’s neighbor has fed the birds.
20. What do you think of the speaker?
A. Honest. B. Careful. C. Humorous.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
It was about 10:15 p.m. Janice Esposito got off the train at the Bellport, New York, got into her car and began driving home. She had traveled the route so many times that she almost drove automatically: a left onto Station Road, then a left on Montauk Highway, and then—bang! Out of nowhere a car crashed into Esposito’s car, pushing her backward some 100 feet onto the railroad tracks. Injured but mostly shocked by the crash and by the airbags that popped up, she got stuck in the vehicle.
As it happened, Pete DiPinto was getting ready for bed when he heard the crash coming from not far outside his bedroom window.
A volunteer firefighter and retired teacher, DiPinto, 64, never stopped to think. He grabbed a flashlight and rushed out. “Any firefighter would have done what I did,” he said. “We’re always on duty.”
The first car he came upon, 2,000 feet from his front yard, was the one that had hit Esposito. Once making sure the driver was OK, he looked around and spotted Esposito’s car straddling (骑跨) the railroad tracks. And then he heard a bell sound, which signaled a coming train.
DiPinto rushed to Esposito’s car and hit on the driver’s side window. She just looked at him, “I don’t know where I am,” she said.
“You’re on the railroad tracks,” DiPinto yelled. “We have to get you off right now!” The train was traveling at a speed of 65 miles per hour toward them. The driver’s door couldn’t be opened due to the crash, so DiPinto ran to the passenger side. He threw open the door, pushed aside the airbags, seized Esposito’s arms, and pulled her toward him across the passenger seat until he finally got her out and walked her to safety as quickly as he could.
Within seconds, the train crashed into the car. “It was like a Hollywood movie, ” DiPinto told reporters the next day.
“Last night,” said Greg Miglino Chief of the South Country Ambulance, “the hero arrived in pajamas, not in a fire truck.”
1. What can we know about the accident from the first paragraph?
A. Esposito was not familiar with the road.
B. Esposito was driving too fast.
C. The crash was violent.
D. It should have been avoided.
2. Why was the situation so dangerous?
A. Esposito was badly injured.
B. Esposito was to be hit by the train.
C. Esposito was firmly stuck in the car.
D. The driver’s door couldn’t be opened.
3. What does Greg Miglino really mean?
A. He is praising DiPinto’s heroic action.
B. DiPinto didn’t act as professionally.
C. A firefighter should be ready any time.
D. Fire trucks are not enough for emergencies.
4. How did DiPinto feel facing the emergency?
A. Regretful B. Calm C. Powerful D. Nervous
5. What is the best title of the passage?
A. A woman had an accident on the way home at night.
B. A woman had a narrow death escape.
C. A firefighter managed to become a hero overnight.
D. A firefighter saved a woman from a further accident.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Janice Esposito在回家的路上出了车祸，被卡在火车铁轨上，幸亏住在附近的志愿消防员DiPinto听到车祸的撞击声后，来不及换衣服就穿着睡衣赶到了现场，并且在火车撞到Esposito之前，救下了她。事后，南方救护车的负责人Greg Miglino形容DiPinto是穿着睡衣的英雄。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Out of nowhere a car crashed into Esposito’s car, pushing her backward some 100 feet onto the railroad tracks. Injured but mostly shocked by the crash and by the airbags that popped up, she got stuck in the vehicle.(突然一辆车撞上了Esposito的车，把她向后推了100英尺，倒在铁轨上。她受伤了，但主要是被碰撞和弹出的安全气囊震惊了，她被卡在了车里)”可知，车祸很惨烈。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“And then he heard a bell sound, which signaled a coming train. (这时，他听到了一声火车钟声，表明火车来了)”以及倒数第三段中“The train was traveling at a speed of 65 miles per hour toward them.(火车正以每小时65英里的速度向他们驶来)”可知，Esposito快被火车撞了，这使得情况万分危急。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Within seconds, the train crashed into the car.(几秒钟后，火车就撞上了那辆汽车)”以及最后一段中“the hero arrived in pajamas, not in a fire truck. (英雄是穿着睡衣来的，而不是坐在消防车里)”结合上文讲述穿着睡衣就赶到车祸现场的DiPinto，在火车撞到Esposito之前，救了Esposito，因此是穿着睡衣的英雄。即Greg Miglino真正的意思是在赞扬DiPinto的英雄行为。故选A。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段““You’re on the railroad tracks,” DiPinto yelled. “We have to get you off right now!” The train was traveling at a speed of 65 miles per hour toward them. The driver’s door couldn’t be opened due to the crash, so DiPinto ran to the passenger side. He threw open the door, pushed aside the airbags, seized Esposito’s arms, and pulled her toward him across the passenger seat until he finally got her out and walked her to safety as quickly as he could.(“你在铁轨上。”迪平托喊道。“我们必须马上把你弄下来!”火车正以每小时65英里的速度向他们驶来。由于撞车事故，驾驶座的门打不开，迪平托跑到副驾驶座。他推开车门，推开安全气囊，抓住埃斯波西托的胳膊，把她从副驾驶座位上拉过来，直到最后把她救出来，以最快的速度带她到安全的地方)”可知，在紧急关头DiPinto有条不紊地把Janice Esposito从车中拖出来，并带到安全的地方。由此推知，面对紧急情况时DiPinto是冷静的。故选B。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据主要讲述了Janice Esposito在回家的路上出了车祸，被卡在火车铁轨上，幸亏住在附近的志愿消防员DiPinto听到车祸的撞击声后，来不及换衣服就穿着睡衣赶到了现场，并且在火车撞到Esposito之前，救下了她。事后，南方救护车的负责人Greg Miglino形容DiPinto是穿着睡衣的英雄。可知，D选项“一名消防员从一起车祸事故中救出一名女子”最适合作文章标题。故选D。
B
Limericks (五行打油) are usually witty or humorous, and have five lines: the first two rhyme, the two in the middle rhyme, and the last line rhymes with the first two lines. Here is how to write a limerick.
Pick what you would like your limerick to be about. It could he about mice, a tree, a person, or whatever.
_______ Don’t end it with something you can’t rhyme — like “orange”. Start it like “There once was a man who ate limes (酸橙)” or something like that.
Your next line has to rhyme with the first line. If you use “There once was a man who ate limes”, your second line could be like “He ate them all the time” or “And sampled various wines”. Your limerick would now he like There once was a man who ate limes/And sampled various wines.
The third and fourth lines have to be related to the first part of your limerick, but are not with the same rhyme. They could he like, He wouldn’t touch a tomato/It tasted too much like potatoes or something along those lines.
The fifth line must rhyme with the first two lines. Your last line could he like, “And potatoes, you know, do not shine” or something like that.
Your entire limerick would be kind of like this: There once was a man who ate limes/And sampled various wines/He wouldn’t touch a tomato/It tasted too much like potatoes/And potatoes, you know, do not shine.
If you don’t like your limerick, you can always go back and change it. It’s not permanent.
6 What should be cared about most to write limericks?
A. The length. B. The rhyme.
C. The structure. D. The style.
7. From the text we can know that _________.
A each line of the limerick should be rhymed
B. limericks must have a sense of humor
C. there is no limit to the content of limericks
D. every limerick is a permanent one
8. Which can most properly fit the blank in the text?
A. Consider your limerick.
B. Decide a perfect content.
C. Care for your words.
D. Start your first line.
9. How does the writer develop the text?
A. By giving an example
B. By testing some theories.
C. By analyzing cause and effect.
D. By following the time order.
10. What might be the most suitable title for the text?
A. How to analyze limericks exactly
B. How to write a limerick
C. How to appreciate a limerick
D. How to organize five lines into a limerick
【答案】6. B 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文，举例说明了如何写出优美的五行打油诗，并着重分析了每一行的写法。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“the first two rhyme, the two in the middle rhyme, and the last line rhymes with the first two lines”可知，前两个押韵，中间两个押韵，最后一行与前两行押韵。所以再结合下文举的例子可知，写五行打油诗的时候，要注意哪一行和哪一行押韵。故判断出写打油诗最应该关心的是押韵。故B选项正确。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段“Pick what you would like your limerick to be about. It could be about mice, a tree, a person, or whatever”可知，选择你想要的打油诗。可能是关于老鼠，树，人，或者其他什么的。所以判断出对于五行打油诗的内容没有限制。故C选项正确。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段“Your next line has to rhyme with the first line.
第五段“The third and fourth lines have to be related to the first part of your limerick, but are not with the same rhyme. ”第六段“The fifth line must rhyme with the first two lines.”可知，你的下一行必须和第一行押韵。第三和第四行必须与你的打油诗的第一部分有关，但不是押韵的。第五行必须与前两行押韵。所以，打油诗从第二行到第五行怎么写，都与第一行怎么写有直接的关系。故判断出“开始写你的第一行”最适合文本中的空白处。故D选项正确。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。由倒数第二段“There once was a man who ate limes/And sampled various wines/He wouldn’t touch a tomato/It tasted too much like potatoes/And potatoes, you know, do not shine.”可知，这是最终写成的打油诗，之前作者在讲解如何写五行打油诗的时候，将这首打油诗一一进行分解以例子的形式来进行解释说明。所以判断出作者是通过列举来展开短文的。故A选项正确。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。由第二段“Pick what you would like your limerick to be about” 第三段“Start your first line. Your next line has to rhyme with the first line” 第四段“The third and fourth lines have to be related to the first part of your limerick, but are not with the same rhyme”. 第五段“The fifth line must rhyme with the first two lines. Your entire limerick would be kind of like this”可知，选一首你喜欢的打油诗，开始你的第一行。你的下一行必须与第一行押韵“第三和第四行必须与你的打油诗的第一部分相关，但不是押韵的”。第五行必须与前两行押韵。你的打油诗就像这样。所以作者通过对打油诗的内容，以及并着重分析了每一行的写法，举例说明了如何写出优美的五行打油诗。故判断出短文是围绕着“如何写五行打油诗”而展开的。故短文的最佳标题为“如何写五行打油诗”。故B选项正确。
C
Should humans explore space? If you ask me, I’ll definitely give a positive answer.
The space exploration has a direct impact on the lives of humans, as well as the state of our world. Satellites moving around the earth enable communication across the world, connecting people of different continents and broadcasting information worldwide. The Global Positioning System(GPS) can identify our location anywhere. Furthermore, weather satellites can forecast harmful weather conditions, which allows humans to prepare for deadly natural disasters and save lives.
Space programs can also indirectly lead to the solution to poverty and world hunger. For example, large plots of land could be used far better if humans applied technologies. The most effective tool is the artificial earth satellite. It can screen areas of land within a very short time, indicating useful measures, such as the condition of crops, soil, rainfall, and droughts. It can then transmit this information to ground stations on the earth for better use.
In recent years, space-based technologies have become an important factor to reach and expand global health objectives. Information provided by remote technologies can be applied to study the epidemiology(流行病学).This data provided by space technologies can monitor disease patterns, understand the environmental causes that spread it, make predictions about where it can spread in the future, and make plans to fight it efficiently.
Furthermore, space exploration is something we can do for future generations. Mankind is using the resources provided on the planet, but these will run out one day. Overpopulation can be an existential threat for all mankind. With the advancement of space technology, it will be wise to use and explore the vast potential of other planets, such as the availability of mining resources on asteroids or other planets.
For the exploration of the universe, perhaps the most advantageous of all is that it will unite us to work together for a common purpose, regardless of our differences.
11. What can space exploration do according to Paragraph 2?
A. Improve the traffic on the earth.
B Help humans communicate and spread information.
C. Help prevent deadly natural disasters.
D. Promote travel between countries.
12. How can space programs help solve poverty and world hunger?
A. By benefiting crop production with artificial earth satellites.
B. By transporting food worldwide more easily.
C. By creating job opportunities for the poor.
D. By protecting available land resources.
13. What does the writer think of mining resources on other planets?
A. Time-wasting. B. Arguable. C. Unnecessary. D. Rewarding.
14. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
A. To ask people to explore space independently.
B. To encourage people to explore space cooperatively.
C. To tell the readers the importance of exploring space.
D. To show the readers the advantages of exploring space.
15. What is the text?
A. An advertisement. B. A short story.
C. An argumentative essay. D. A news report.
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要讲的是人类是否应该探索太空为此话题而展开的讨论。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The space exploration has a direct impact on the lives of humans, as well as the state of our world. Satellites moving around the earth enable communication across the world, connecting people of different continents and broadcasting information worldwide. The Global Positioning System(GPS) can identify our location anywhere. Furthermore, weather satellites can forecast harmful weather conditions, which allows humans to prepare for deadly natural disasters and save lives.”（太空探索直接影响着人类的生活，也影响着我们这个世界的现状。环绕地球运行的卫星使全世界的通信成为可能，将不同大陆的人们联系起来，向全世界广播信息。全球定位系统(GPS)可以在任何地方确定我们的位置。此外，气象卫星可以预测有害的天气状况，这使人类能够为致命的自然灾害做好准备，挽救生命。）可知，根据第二段，太空探索可以帮助人类交流和传播信息。故选B项。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Space programs can also indirectly lead to the solution to poverty and world hunger. For example, large plots of land could be used far better if humans applied technologies. The most effective tool is the artificial earth satellite. It can screen areas of land within a very short time, indicating useful measures, such as the condition of crops, soil, rainfall, and droughts. It can then transmit this information to ground stations on the earth for better use.”（太空计划还可以间接地解决贫困和世界饥饿问题。例如，如果人类应用技术，大片土地可以得到更好的利用。最有效的工具是人造地球卫星。它可以在很短的时间内筛选土地面积，显示有用的措施，如作物状况、土壤、降雨和干旱。然后，它可以将这些信息传输到地球上的地面站，以便更好地使用。）可知，太空计划利用人造地球卫星造福农作物生产来帮助解决贫困和世界饥饿问题。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“With the advancement of space technology, it will be wise to use and explore the vast potential of other planets, such as the availability of mining resources on asteroids or other planets.”（随着太空技术的进步，利用和探索其他行星的巨大潜力将是明智的，例如小行星或其他行星上的采矿资源的可用性。）可推知，作者对在其他星球上开采资源这一行为认为是有意义的。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“For the exploration of the universe, perhaps the most advantageous of all is that it will unite us to work together for a common purpose, regardless of our differences.”（对于宇宙的探索来说，也许最有利的是它将把我们团结起来，为了一个共同的目标而努力，不管我们有什么分歧。）可推知，最后一段的目的是鼓励人们合作探索太空。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Should humans explore space? If you ask me, I’ll definitely give a positive answer.”（人类应该探索太空吗？如果你问我，我一定会给你肯定的答复。）可知，文章主要讲的是人类是否应该探索太空为此话题而展开的讨论。故可推知，这篇文章应该属于议论文。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Family conflict affects everyone. ____16____, you may want to mediate(调解) to make everyone's life easier. It's worth it to try to smooth things over.
●____17____. It can be difficult to look at family situations objectively， so before trying to mediate disagreements, make sure you look at all sides of the argument. While you shouldn't take sides when trying to mediate, you don't want anymore to think you are overlooking their point of view. Take some time to think about why everyone feels wronged or hurt in a situation.
●Encourage everyone to control their feelings. It's not uncommon for tensions to run high when discussing family conflict. ____18____. Try to control the emotional outbursts as much as you can. While everyone has a right to their personal feelings, make it clear these feelings must be expressed in an appropriate, productive way.
●Try hard for forgiveness. Even if you were not directly involved in the argument, you are probably affected by the atmosphere in some way. Choose forgiveness. Remember, you can't control someone else's actions but you can control your own response. You can also encourage other family members to forgive.____19____.
●Work on fixing the relationships. ____20____, you can offer suggestions how family members could better treat one another in the future. Think about what has been said during mediation. Look for areas where change is needed. You should also agree to work actively on letting go of the conflict. For example, "for the next couple of months, let's agree not to bring this up."
A. Think about everyone's view
B. Have a healthy discussion
C. There may be times when people get sensitive and angry
D. If there’s an ongoing argument between family members
E. Although it's not your job to offer exact causes of action
F. If a family member reacts very violently to an unimportant affair
G. However, remember you cannot force someone to feel a particular way
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. C 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍四种调解家庭矛盾的方法，维护家庭和睦。
【16题详解】
从句子结构上分析可知，此处需填入一个从句，上文“Family conflict affects everyone.”（家庭冲突影响到每个人。）中conflict（冲突）与D项If there’s an ongoing argument between family members（如果家庭成员之间有持续的争吵）中的argument（争吵）意思上呼应。且与下文“ you may want to mediate(调解) to make everyone's life easier.”（你可能想要调解，让每个人的生活更轻松。）意义一致，构成条件状语从句。故选D项。
【17题详解】
此处需填入段落小标题，根据下文“While you shouldn't take sides when trying to mediate, you don't want anymore to think you are overlooking their point of view. ”（当你试图调解时，你不应该偏袒任何一方，你不想让任何人觉得你忽视了他们的想法。）可知本段主要讲述在调解矛盾之前要客观公正地考虑到各方的观点，不偏不倚地调解家庭矛盾。因而A项Think about everyone's view（考虑每个人的想法）适合作为本段的主旨句。故选A项。
【18题详解】
上文“It's not uncommon for tensions to run high when discussing family conflict. ”（在讨论家庭冲突时，紧张情绪高涨并不罕见）中的tensions（紧张）和下文“Try to control the emotional outbursts as much as you can. ”（尽量控制情绪的爆发。）中的emotional outbursts（情绪爆发）与C项There may be times when people get sensitive and angry（有时人们会变得敏感和愤怒）中的sensitive and angry（敏感和愤怒）形成呼应关系。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Remember, you can't control someone else's actions but you can control your own response. You can also encourage other family members to forgive.”（记住，你不能控制别人的行为，但是你可以控制自己的反应。你也可以鼓励其他家庭成员原谅他人。）中的can’t、can、but可知，设空处与上文形成转折关系，G项However, remember you cannot force someone to feel a particular way（但是，请记住，你不能强迫某人以特定的方式感受）中However表示转折，句意也符合语境。故选G项。
【20题详解】
分析句子结构可知，此处需填入一个从句，下文“you can offer suggestions how family members could better treat one another in the future. ”（你可以提出建议，使家庭成员在将来可以更好地相互对待。）与E项Although it's not your job to offer exact causes of action（虽然对某种行为给出确切的理由不是你的任务）构成连贯的语意关系。前后为转折关系。故选E项。
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After the national science competition, I was frustrated that I was not allowed to enter it. I sat in the car, lost in____21____, chewing on my lip and staring outside.
I went upstairs,____22____and desperate. Grandpa's door was open for me as usual. There, he was waiting for my____23____with great excitement. I stood silently, forcing a ____24____to cover my sadness. He seemed to____25____me immediately, giving me a____26____. I was astonished that such a ____27____body was full of so much energy.
Only then did my emotions start____28____out. I told him that all my____29____were for nothing and that I was feeling discouraged. Grandpa smiled at me _____30_____ and said, “Don't worry. You're far stronger than you think.” Then he_____31_____, “Life can be full of ups and downs so what we need to do is to still have our hopes and_____32_____, neglecting the anxiety that makes it_____33_____to give up.”
He patted me on the shoulder, with a determined look, saying, “Cheer up. I'm firmly_____34_____that you have the capability to succeed.” Grandpa's encouragement soon made my sadness _____35_____.
The next day, I thought about all my problems and_____36_____a plan. Now, I believe that with a positive attitude towards failure, I'll_____37_____reach my goals.
Looking back, I realize that we should share our setbacks and progress in life with our_____38_____ ones. As my grandpa showed, the_____39_____of our family members will _____40_____us forever.
21. A. despair B. fear C. love D. need
22. A. strong B. weak C. sweet D. simple
23. A. suggestion B. comment C. arrival D. discovery
24. A. tear B. sigh C. smile D. signal
25. A. ignore B. inspect C. order D. read
26. A. pride B. hug C. challenge D. wish
27. A. fine B. fit C. healthy D. thin
28. A. dying B. turning C. pouring D. checking
29. A. efforts B. offers C. promises D. profits
30. A. gently B. generally C. suddenly D. freshly
31. A. shared B. added C. helped D. served
32. A. decisions B. respects C. pains D. desires
33. A. difficult B. easy C. possible D. necessary
34. A. supposed B. convinced C. surprised D. accustomed
35. A. arise B. prevent C. disappear D. continue
36. A. turned into B. came across C. worked out D. cared about
37. A. merely B. actually C. instantly D. eventually
38. A. beloved B. deserved C. determined D. excited
39. A. stress B. gratitude C. praise D. support
40. A. benefit B. teach C. hold D. interest
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. C 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. D 40. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章内容是作者因为没有入选国家科学竞赛而沮丧时，他的爷爷鼓励他，以积极的态度对待失败，最终会达到自己的目标。作者意识到我们应该与我们所爱的人分享我们生活中的挫折和进步，家人的支持也会给我们带来好处。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坐在车里，绝望地望着外面，咬着嘴唇。A. despair绝望；B. fear害怕；C. love爱；D. need需要。根据上文“After the national science competition, I was frustrated that I was not allowed to enter it. (在国家科学竞赛之后，我很沮丧，因为我没有被允许参加。)”可知，作者因为没有入选国家科学竞赛而沮丧，所以此时应该很“绝望”。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我虚弱而绝望地上楼去了。A. strong强壮的；B. weak虚弱的；C. sweet甜的；D. simple简单的。结合上文内容可知，作者因为没能入选比赛而心情沮丧，所以是“虚弱”而绝望地上楼。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在那里激动地等待着我的到来。 A. suggestion建议；B. comment评论；C. arrival到达；D. discovery发现。结合语境可知，此处是指爷爷等着作者到家，告诉他事情的结果。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我默默地站着，强颜欢笑，掩饰自己的悲伤。A. tear眼泪；B. sigh叹气；C. smile微笑；D. signal信号。根据语境和cover my sadness (掩盖我的悲伤)”可知，应是挤出“微笑”掩盖悲伤，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他似乎立刻明白了我的意思，给了我一个拥抱。 A. ignore忽视；B. inspect检查；C. order命令；D. read阅读，看出。此处指爷爷。根据上文“I stood silently, forcing a smile to cover my sadness.(我静静地站着，勉强用微笑来掩饰我的悲伤。)”可知，此处是指作者的强颜欢笑被爷爷看出来了。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。 A. pride骄傲；B. hug拥抱；C. challenge挑战；D. wish期望。由下一句提到“瘦的身体”可知作者爷爷给了他一个拥抱，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶，这么瘦的身体竟然充满了这么大的能量。 A. fine好的；B. fit合适的；C. healthy健康的；D. thin瘦的。结合常识可知，爷爷年龄大了，所以身体比较瘦。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到那时，我的情绪才开始倾泻出来。A. dying死；B. turning旋转；C. pouring倾泻；D. checking核对。根据上文“I stood silently, forcing a smile to cover my sadness.(我静静地站着，勉强用微笑来掩饰我的悲伤。)”可知，作者一开始掩饰自己的情绪，直到爷爷拥抱他时，他才把情感“流露”出来。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他我所有的努力都白费了，我感到灰心丧气。 A. efforts努力；B. offers提议；C. promises许诺；D. profits利润。根据“I was feeling discouraged”可知，作者为比赛付出的努力都白费了。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：爷爷温和地笑着对我说:“别担心。你比自己想象的要强大得多。” A. gently温柔地；B. generally一般地；C. suddenly突然地；D. freshly刚刚，接近。由语境可知，作者此时很难过，结合作者爷爷说的话和“笑着”可推知，应是“温柔地笑着说”，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他补充说到“生活充满了起起落落，我们需要做的是仍然拥有我们的希望和渴望，忽略那些容易让我们放弃的焦虑。” A. shared分享；B. added增加，补充（说）；C. helped帮助；D. served服务。结合语境可知“Life can be full of ups and downs so what we need do is to still have our hopes and____12____, neglecting the anxiety that makes it easy to give up.”这些话是爷爷补充说的内容。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。 A. decisions 决定；B. respects尊重；C. pains疼痛；D. desires渴望。根据“hopes and”可知，此处用“渴望”符合语境，指我们任何时候都要抱有希望和渴望。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. difficult困难的；B. easy容易的；C. possible可能的； D. necessary必要的。由上一句提到“我们需要做的是仍然拥有我们的希望和渴望”，那么，“容易”让我们放弃对焦虑应当忽略，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他拍了拍我的肩膀，带着坚定的表情告诉我“振作起来。我坚信你有能力成功。”A. supposed猜想；B. convinced相信；C. surprised惊讶；D. accustomed习惯于。根据下文“Grandpa’s encouragement soon made my sadness disappear.(爷爷的鼓励很快使我的悲伤消失了。)”可知，爷爷的话给了作者鼓励，由此可知，爷爷说自己“相信”作者有成功的能力。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爷爷的鼓励很快使我的悲伤消失了。A. arise出现，引起；B. prevent防止；C.disappear消失；D. continue继续。由下一段内容提到“我开始做计划”和“我相信积极的态度会让我达到目标”可知，作者开始意识到积极的重要性，所以作者爷爷的鼓励让他的悲伤“消失”了，故选C。
【36题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：第二天，我思考了所有问题并制定了一个计划。A. turned into使变成；B. came across偶遇；C. worked out制定，解决，锻炼；D. cared about关心。根据“plan”可知，是制定计划。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在我相信，以积极的态度对待失败，我最终会达到我的目标。A. merely仅仅；B. actually事实上；C. instantly立刻；D. eventually最后。根据上文“Now, I believe that with a positive attitude towards failure”可知，只要用积极的态度面对失败，最后能实现自己的目标。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回首过去，我意识到我们应该与我们所爱的人分享我们生活中的挫折和进步。A. beloved心爱的；B. deserved值得的；C. determined坚决的；D. excited兴奋的。根据上文作者和爷爷分享自己的挫折可知，此处是指要和自己所爱的人分享挫折和进步。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如爷爷所说，家人的支持将使我们永远受益。A. stress压力；B. gratitude 感激；C.praise赞扬；D. support 支持。根据上文““ Cheer up. I firmly ___11___ that you have the ability to succeed.” Grandpa’s encouragement soon made my sadness disappear.”可知，爷爷对作者非常持支持，由此可知，此处是指家人的支持会对我们有益。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如爷爷所说，家人的支持将使我们永远受益。A. benefit使……受益；B. teach教；C. hold拿，举办；D. interest对……感兴趣。根据上文内容可知，作者在爷爷的鼓励和支持下走出沮丧，所以此处应表达，家人的“支持”会使我们收益，故选A。
第Ⅱ卷非选择题(满分50分)
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
“How are you?” It’s a question that seems simple, but it can actually make people feel very strange.
Last month, Alina Simone ____41____(write) in The New York Times about the difficulty that Russians have with this question. This same question, in Russian language and culture, is always answered ____42____a negative manner. In Russia, when people are asked “How are you?”, they usually complain about health, weather or things ____43____have happened recently. So when they’re asked “How are you?” in English, they don’t know what to do.
In English-speaking ____44____(country), “How are you?” has one standard answer: “Fine, and you?” That’s because “How are you?” is not actually about getting information—it’s a greeting. If a native English-speaking friend really wants to know ____45____is going on in your life, he or she is more likely ____46____(ask): “What have you been up to?” or “What’s new?”
But I understand why people are so ____47____(confuse). When we learn second languages, we have to learn rules for using words as much as words ____48____(them). How can you learn those rules? ____49____(watch) English-language TV shows is a good place to start. If you can, try to make a native English-speaking friend and talk to him or her _____50_____(direct).
【答案】41. wrote
42. in 43. which/that
44. countries
45. what 46. to ask
47. confused
48. themselves
49. Watching
50. directly
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“How are you?”这个问题看起来很简单，但实际上却让人感觉很奇怪。这个问题，在俄罗斯语言和文化中，总是以消极的方式来回答；在说英语的国家，这只是一种问候方式，而非开启沟通的“开头语”，这就需要学习语言时与实境相结合，看英文电视节目，交一个以英语为母语的朋友都是很好的方式。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：上个月，爱丽娜·西蒙妮在《纽约时报》上撰文谈到了俄罗斯人在这个问题上遇到的困难。所填空应是句子谓语动词，结合时间状语“Last month”可知，应用一般过去时。故填wrote。
【42题详解】
考查介词和固定短语。句意：同样的问题，在俄罗斯语言和文化中，总是以消极的方式来回答。“in a/an+形容词+manner”，固定短语，“用……的方式”。故填in。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：在俄罗斯，当别人问“你好吗?”，他们通常抱怨健康、天气或最近发生的事情。“____3____ have happened recently”为之前名词“things”的定语从句，先行词指物，从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that引导从句。故填which/that。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：在俄罗斯，当别人问“你好吗?”，他们通常抱怨健康、天气或最近发生的事情。空前“English-speaking”为形容词，所填空应是名词，“country”意为“国家”，可数名词，应用复数形式泛指多个国家。故填countries。
【45题详解】
考查宾语从句连接词。句意：如果一个以英语为母语的朋友真的想知道你生活中发生了什么，他或她更可能会问：“你在忙什么？或“有什么新消息？”“___5____ is going on in your life”为之前动词“know”的宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代物或事情，应用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。
【46题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：如果一个以英语为母语的朋友真的想知道你生活中发生了什么，他或她更可能会问：“你在忙什么？或“有什么新消息？”“be (more) likely to do sth”，固定短语，“（更）有可能做某事”。故填to ask。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：但我理解为什么人们如此困惑。空前有系动词“are”，所填空应是形容词作表语，结合从句主语为“people”，指人，应用-ed形式的形容词。故填confused。
【48题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：当我们学习第二语言时，我们不仅要学习单词本身，还要学习单词的使用规则。结合句子“When we learn second languages, we have to learn rules for using words as much as words ____8____ (them)”含义可知，此句强调当学习第二语言时，不仅要学习单词本身，还要学习单词的使用规则，因此所填空应是反身代词，根据空前“words”可知，反身代词为themselves。故填themselves。
【49题详解】
考查动名词作主语。句意：看英文电视节目是一个很好的起点。“____9____ (watch) English-language TV shows”为句子主语，应用动名词作主语。故填Watching。
【50题详解】
考查副词。句意：如果可以的话，试着交一个以英语为母语的朋友，直接和他或她交谈。副词作状语修饰动词短语“talk to”。故填directly。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧) 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Alice, my best friend, devotes many energy to her lessons. She is always one of the top student in our class. She loves the music so much that she made it a rule to enjoy songs in her spare time. Alice is always willing to help other, and she often helps us with our lessons. As a volunteer, she has successful organized some voluntary activities. We paid a visit a nursing home last month, so we picked up rubbish near our school. That we did was warmly welcomed. Win honor for our school, Alice is well known to our classmates.
【答案】1.many→much
2.student→students
3.music前the删除
4. made→makes
5.other→others
6.successful→successfully
7.visit后加to
8.so→and
9.That→What
10.Win→Winning
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文，介绍了作者的好朋友Alice的学习情况、业余爱好和乐于助人的一些情况。
【详解】1.考查形容词。句意：我最好的朋友爱丽丝，在她的功课上花了很多精力。修饰后文不可数名词energy应用much；many用于修饰可数名词。故many改为much。
2.考查名词的数。句意：她一直是我们班的尖子生之一。student为可数名词，此处为“one of+复数名词”结构，应用复数。故student改为students。
3.考查冠词。句意：她非常热爱音乐，以至于她把业余时间欣赏歌曲作为一种习惯。music为不可数名词，且此处不是特指，故不用冠词修饰。故music前the删除。
4.考查动词时态。句意：她非常热爱音乐，以至于她把业余时间欣赏歌曲作为一种习惯。根据上文“She loves”可知描述习惯性的动作，应用一般现在时，主语为she，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故 made改为makes。
5.考查代词。句意：爱丽丝总是愿意帮助别人，她经常帮助我们学习功课。此处表示“别人，其他人”应用others；other表示“另外一个”。故other改为others。
6.考查副词。句意：作为一名志愿者，她成功地组织了一些志愿者活动。修饰动词organize应用副词successfully，作状语。故successful改为successfully。
7.考查介词。句意：上个月我们去拜访了一家养老院，并且捡了我们学校附近的垃圾。结合句意“拜访”可知短语为pay a visit to。故visit后加to。
8.考查连词。句意：上个月我们去拜访了一家养老院，并且捡了我们学校附近的垃圾。根据前后文语境，可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故so改为and。
9.考查主语从句。句意：我们所做的受到了热烈欢迎。此处为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指做的事情，应用what。故That改为What。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意：爱丽丝为我们学校赢得了荣誉，受到我们班同学的钦佩。分析句子结构可知win在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语Alice构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故Win改为Winning。
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华，暑假作为交换生在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做本次画展的志愿者，内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.个人优势；
3.能做的事情。
注意：
1.词数100左右。
2.开头已给出，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua , an exchange student from China during this summer vacation.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua, an exchange student from China during this summer vacation. I’m delighted to learn that volunteer students are wanted for a Chinese painting exhibition to be held in the local art gallery. Now I’m writing to apply for the position.
The reasons for my application are as follows. First of all, having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age, I can communicate freely with others in English. What’s more, years of being monitor makes me a brilliant organizer, which will help a lot to keep the exhibition in order. The most important factor is that my related knowledge will undoubtedly help the audience learn more about the unique Chinese art form.
All in all, my sense of responsibility will make me a qualified volunteer. I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于英语中的应用文写作。要求考生写一封申请信申请做当地美术馆即将举办的中国画展的志愿者。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→ pleased/joyful
首先：first of all→ firstly
除此之外：what’s more → in addition
重要的：important→ significant
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First of all, having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age, I can communicate freely with others in English.
拓展句：First of all, as I have been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age, I can communicate freely with others in English.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m delighted to learn that volunteer students are wanted for a Chinese painting exhibition to be held in the local art gallery.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】What’s more, years of being monitor makes me a brilliant organizer, which will help a lot to keep the exhibition in order.（which引导非限制性定语从句）
听力答案:
1-5 CABBA 6-10 CBBBC 11-15 CABAC 16-20 ABCBA