2022-2023学年新疆乌鲁木齐市第八中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年新疆乌鲁木齐市第八中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题含解析，共28页。

 乌鲁木齐市第八中学2022-2023学年
第一学期高二年级期中考试
英 语 问 卷
(考试时间：120分钟 卷面分值：150分 )
(命题范围：选择性必修一Unit1-Unit4)
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项。
A
The novel corona-virus(新冠) pandemic is resulting in worldwide concern for elementary and secondary school students’ mental condition. The following are some possible activities that can be carried out to help them and also create a safe and healthy school environment.
John’s and Mary’s thoughts
Students are demonstrated with a picture which says that John and Mary have different thoughts after they have heard of the COVID-19. Then students are invited to guess and write the characters’ thoughts on the picture. This activity uses a “projective” method(投射法). Students are not directly asked what their feelings are, but instead, they project their feelings onto the characters.
When I’m worried
After talking about what the characters may think, students can now turn their attention to themselves. They are asked to list their common worries, but most importantly, they are directed to think about some measures. This is a vital exercise, because it switches students’ focus from their worries to the solving strategies.
Seeking a balance
It’s important to strike a balance between the recommended healthy behavior and the concept that microorganisms(微生物) are a natural part of the environment and that many of them play a key role in human life.
Videos to know and understand viruses
It is advisable to plan science lessons on microorganisms. Students can know more about the pandemic by studying microbial (微生物的) life, and thus they can understand what viruses are and how they spread. But be careful not to bring anxiety—avoid talking about scary messages.
1. Which activity helps students express their feelings indirectly?
A. Seeking a balance. B. When I’m worried.
C. John’s and Mary’s thoughts. D. Videos to know and understand viruses.
2. Why is the second activity important to reduce students’ worries?
A. It puts students at ease.
B. It directs students’ attention to the solutions.
C. It enables students to share experiences.
D. It helps students to establish good relationships.
3. What can students learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. Knowledge about microorganisms.
B. Suggestions to prevent infection.
C. The concept of science.
D. Positive behavior to stay healthy.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍几种可能的活动，可以帮助新冠病毒大流行形势下导致的全世界中小学生的心理状况，也可以创造一个安全健康的学校环境。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据John’s and Mary’s thoughts部分“Students are not directly asked what their feelings are, but instead, they project their feelings onto the characters.”(学生不会被直接问到他们的感受是什么，而是将他们的感受投射到角色身上)可知，John’s and Mary’s thoughts可以帮助孩子们间接地表达他们的感受。故选C。
2题详解】
细节理解题。根据When I’m worried部分“This is a vital exercise, because it switches students’ focus from their worries to the solving strategies.”(这是一项至关重要的练习，因为它将学生的注意力从担忧转移到解决策略上)可知，这项活动之所以至关重要，是因为它将学生的注意力从担忧转移到解决策略上了。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Seeking a balance部分“It’s important to strike a balance between the recommended healthy behavior and the concept that microorganisms(微生物) are a natural part of the environment and that many of them play a key role in human life.”(重要的是要在推荐的健康行为和微生物是环境的自然组成部分，其中许多微生物在人类生活中起着关键作用的概念之间取得平衡)和Videos to know and understand viruses部分“Students can know more about the pandemic by studying microbial (微生物的) life, and thus they can understand what viruses are and how they spread.”(学生可以通过研究微生物生命来更多地了解大流行，从而了解病毒是什么以及它们如何传播)可知，通过最后这两个活动，学生们可以学习关于微生物的知识。故选A。
B
“Friends have your back,” said Christina Li about the bond between two seventh-graders in her first novel, “Clues to the Universe.”
Li felt the same way about her best friend, Katia, whom she met in the fifth grade. Her characters Ro and Benji are fictional, but Li drew on her feelings about her friendship with Katia to develop the close friendship in her novel. Like friends everywhere, Li and Katia enjoyed just spending time together. They talked a lot. Li even dedicated (把...献给) this novel to Katia, because “she and her family have supported my career so much,” Li said.
Li also mined her memories about another middle school experience: the science fair. “I was not a science kid,” Li said with a laugh. She signed up for the fair on a whim (一时兴起) but ended up loving the chance to study science. “It turned out to be a defining experience and helped me become more confident,” she said.
That’s true, too, for Ro and Benji as they work on a rocket for their project. Rockets are Ro’ s passions. Benji prefers drawing, but he needs the credit to improve his science grade. Soon, though, Ro’s excitement kick-starts Benji ‘s curiosity. Then Ro decides to help Benji with his secret search: to find his long-absent father — who may be the creator of a popular comic called “Spacebound.” Actually, science and their search bring unexpected conflict in the story.
As a kid, Li loved reading. She started writing fantasy when she was in middle school. She’ s also enjoying the connection with her young readers. Recently, Li heard from a girl who was excited to read about the main character, Ro, who is Chinese American, like her. “Representation (再现) is so important, ” she said.
“And now it’s wonderful to be able to share that in my book.”
4. What do we know about “Clues to the Universe”?
A. It is a work of nonfiction.
B. It records the stories of Li and Katia.
C. It reveals the secrets of the universe.
D. It is based on Li’ s personal experiences.
5. How did the science fair benefit Li?
A. It satisfied her every whim.
B. It built up her confidence.
C. It helped her make friends with Katia.
D. It allowed her to earn credits in science.
6. What is paragraph 4 mainly about concerning “Clues to the Universe”?
A. Its storyline. B. Its style.
C. Its significance. D. Its background.
7. What might Li feel when hearing from the girl?
A. Astonished. B. Confused. C. Worried. D. Pleased.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述Li写了一部小说“Clues to the Universe.”的事情。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Her characters Ro and Benji are fictional, but Li drew on her feelings about her friendship with Katia to develop the close friendship in her novel.”(她的角色罗和本吉是虚构的，但Li利用了她与卡蒂亚的友谊，在她的小说中发展了亲密的友谊。)可知，“Clues to the Universe”这部小说是根据Li与卡蒂亚的友谊写出来的，是她的亲身经历。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“It turned out to be a defining experience and helped me become more confident”(这是一次决定性的经历，而且它帮助我变得更加自信。)可知，科学博览会这次经历使得Li变得更加自信。故选B。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“That’s true, too, for Ro and Benji as they work on a rocket for their project. Rockets are Ro’ s passions. Benji prefers drawing, but he needs the credit to improve his science grade. Soon, though, Ro’s excitement kick-starts Benji ‘s curiosity. Then Ro decides to help Benji with his secret search : to find his long-absent father — who may be the creator of a popular comic called “Spacebound.” Actually, science and their search bring unexpected conflict in the story.”(罗和本吉在为他们的项目研制火箭时也是如此。火箭是罗的激情所在。本吉喜欢画画，但他需要学分来提高他的科学成绩。然而，很快，罗的兴奋踢腿开始了本吉的好奇心。然后罗决定帮助本吉进行秘密搜索：寻找他久违的父亲——他可能是一部名为《太空人》的流行漫画的创作者。事实上，科学和他们的搜索在故事中带来了意想不到的冲突。)可知，这一段主要讲述小说的故事情节。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Recently, Li heard from a girl who was excited to read about the main character, Ro, who is Chinese American, like her. “Representation (再现) is so important, ” she said.”(最近，Li收到一个女孩的来信，女孩读到了主角Ro的故事很兴奋地，Ro是一名华裔美国人，和她一样。“再现是如此重要，”她说。)和最后一段“And now it’s wonderful to be able to share that in my book.”(现在能在我的书中分享这一点真是太好了。)可知，Li收到女孩的来信感到很高兴。故选D。
C
Researchers at Baylor University were curious about whether there was a way to improve student performance. In particular, they wondered whether a technique called “targeted memory reactivation (激活，重启)” (TMR) could be useful for studying. In TMR, certain signals reactivate memories formed during the day while a person is asleep. The researchers focused on music.
A few university students took part in the experiment. They were asked to take a class on microeconomics (微观经济学), which they would be tested on the following day. During the lesson, all participants listened to three pieces of classical music. Then they spent the night in the sleep lab and while they were fast asleep, sounds were played in the background. For half of the participants, the sound was white noise, but the other half were played the three pieces they had listened to while studying. The next day they took the test and the test scores showed that the students who had been exposed to the “study music” while sleeping performed better on the test.
There were a few reasons the research group selected three classical music pieces as study music. Such music is much less distracting than music with lyrics (歌词). And the researchers also wanted to make sure that the music they played had obvious melodies (旋律), so that the brain could more easily form connections between the music and the study material. The three pieces they chose fit the bill perfectly.
Unfortunately, music could improve test scores the next day, but after a few months the music listeners were back to the same level as the students who slept with white noise in the background. Besides, the effect seemed to be more noticeable for female students than it was for men. Either way, listening to music at night is a study trick that could just make the difference between a passing or failing test for some people.
8. What did the Baylor researchers try to find out?
A. The benefits of classical music. B. Why TMR is helpful for studying.
C. Whether music can improve study. D. Ways to ensure a good night’s sleep.
9. What did the participants do during the experiment?
A. They played different music in class.
B. They listened to study music while taking the test.
C. They put on the music of their choice while sleeping.
D. They listened to either white noise or study music at night.
10. Why were these pieces of classical music selected as study music?
A They are related to the study material. B. They have distinct melodies.
C. They have memorable lyrics. D. They are familiar to students.
11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. The effect of music wore off over time.
B. The study trick made no difference to tests.
C. White noise has the same effect as classical music.
D. Male students benefited greatly from the study trick.
【答案】8 C 9. D 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍研究者们利用三首古典音乐来提高学生们的考试成绩的实验。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Researchers at Baylor University were curious about whether there was a way to improve student performance. In particular, they wondered whether a technique called “targeted memory reactivation(激活，重启)” (TMR) could be useful for studying. In TMR, certain signals reactivate memories formed during the day while a person is asleep. The researchers focused on music.(Baylor大学的研究人员很好奇是否有办法提高学生的成绩。特别是，他们想知道一种名为“定向记忆再激活”（TMR）的技术是否对研究有用。在TMR中，当一个人睡着时，某些信号会重新激活白天形成的记忆。研究人员把精力集中在音乐上。)”可知，Baylor大学的研究员们想弄明白音乐是否会提高学生的成绩。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“During the lesson, all participants listened to three pieces of classical music. Then they spent the night in the sleep lab and while they were fast asleep, sounds were played in the background. For half of the participants, the sound was white noise, but the other half were played the three pieces they had listened to while studying.(在课上，所有参与者都听了三首古典音乐。然后他们在睡眠实验室过夜，当他们熟睡时，背景中播放声音。对于一半的参与者来说，声音是白噪音，但另一半的参与者播放他们在学习时听过的三首曲子。)”可知，一半参与者们在睡觉的时候听到的是白噪音，但另一半参与者们听到的是他们在学习时听过的三首曲子。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“There were a few reasons the research group selected three classical music pieces as study music. Such music is much less distracting than music with lyrics (歌词). And the researchers also wanted to make sure that the music they played had obvious melodies (旋律), so that the brain could more easily form connections between the music and the study material. The three pieces they chose fit the bill perfectly.(研究小组选择三首古典音乐作为研究音乐有几个原因。这样的音乐比有歌词的音乐更不会让人分心。研究人员还希望确保他们演奏的音乐有明显的旋律，这样大脑就更容易在音乐和学习材料之间形成联系。他们选择的三首音乐完美贴合。)”可知，研究人员们之所以选择这三首音乐，是因为它们有独特的旋律，这样的音乐比有歌词的音乐更不会让人分心。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Unfortunately, music could improve test scores the next day, but after a few months the music listeners were back to the same level as the students who slept with white noise in the background.(不幸的是，音乐可以提高第二天的考试成绩，但几个月后，音乐听众的水平又回到了与那些在背景中有白噪音的学生相同的水平。)”可知，随着时间的推移，音乐对于提高学生们的考试成绩的影响会逐渐消失。故选A。
D
The production and distribution(分布，配送)of food accounts for a third of the world’s total greenhouse gas emissions (排放) approximately. But as a consumer(消费者), it’s difficult to measure the climate influence of what you eat. An app called Evocco could soon make it a cinch. “It lets you track, improve and offset (抵消) the climate effect of your food purchases,” the founder Hugh Weldon says.
Users simply photograph their grocery receipt(票据)using the Evocco app, which identifies the food products by reading the printed text. It then works out the carbon (碳) footprint based on the store’s location and by checking the type, weight and origin of a food. The app also gives users the option to offset their shopping by contributing to Go Carbon Neutral, an Irish not-for-money project that plants native woodland.
As well as the immediate influence of offsetting groceries, Evocco hopes to raise public awareness of the carbon footprint of different foods. Some factors are well known — for instance, animal products are more resource-concentrated than plant-based food, and also importing products increases their carbon footprint — but the app also helps identify other important differences between items, such as seasonality or whether refrigeration (fridge) was required. It also offers tips on how to reduce shopping emissions. The app has been downloaded more than 1,000 times since its launch.
Apart from the app, Evocco is developing a digital tool to sell to e-commerce(电商) and delivery platforms that will track the climate impact of a product’s journey through the supply chain. The aim is to help provide climate impact information directly for consumers, while also giving Evocco product data to improve its app.
12. What does the underlined part“a cinch”in paragraph 1 mean?
A. huge success. B. An easy task.
C. A great challenge. D. An official standard.
13. What might Evocco suggest users buy?
A. Local seasonal fruits. B. Local refrigerated meat.
C. Imported cold chain meat. D. Imported seasonal vegetables.
14. What will Evocco’s digital tool be used for?
A. Finding ways to reduce the carbon footprint.
B. Promoting the food industry on e-commerce platforms.
C. Monitoring products’ climate impact during transportation.
D. Helping retailers access up-to-date information about consumers.
15. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Why grocery stores are bad for the environment
B. What to buy at grocery stores for the lowest carbon footprint
C. Go Carbon Neutral helps offset your shopping’s carbon footprint
D. An app can work out your carbon footprint from your grocery receipt
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款名为Evocco的软件。该软件通过跟踪、改善和相互抵消的方式，平衡你所消耗的食物对气候造成的影响。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子“But as a consumer(消费者), it’s difficult to measure the climate influence of what you eat. (但作为一名消费者，很难衡量你所吃的食物对气候的影响。)”可知，此处提出了一个难以解决的问题即很难衡量你所吃的食物对气候的影响，后文应该是对该问题的解决。同时根据划线词后面的句子“It lets you track, improve and offset (抵消) the climate effect of your food purchases.(可以让你跟踪、改善和抵消你购买食物的气候影响。)”可知，名为Evocco的软件解决了上述的所遇到的问题，故划线词的与此呼应，是很难衡量你所吃的食物对气候的影响变成了一个很容易解决的任务。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“for instance, animal products are more resource-concentrated than plant-based food, and also importing products increases their carbon footprint.(例如，动物产品比植物性食品资源更集中，进口产品也增加了它们的碳足迹。)”可知，动物产品即肉类产品的碳足迹更多，由此不建议购买肉类产品，同时进口产品也增加的碳足迹，也不建议购买进口类产品。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Apart from the app, Evocco is developing a digital tool to sell to e-commerce(电商) and delivery platforms that will track the climate impact of a product’s journey through the supply chain.(除了这款应用，Evocco还在开发一款数字工具，向电子商务和配送平台销售，追踪产品在供应链过程中对气候的影响。)”可知，Evocco开发的数字工具是监测产品在运输过程中的气候影响。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文特别是第一段的“An app called Evocco could soon make it a cinch. “It lets you track, improve and offset (抵消) the climate effect of your food purchases,” the founder Hugh Weldon says.(一款名为Evocco的应用程序可能很快就会让这变得容易。“它可以让你跟踪、改善和抵消你购买的食物对气候的影响，”创始人休·韦尔登说。)”可知，文章介绍了一款名为Evocco的软件。该软件通过你的购物收据计算出你的碳足迹，从而来平衡你所消耗的食物对气候造成的影响。因此推断D项“一款应用程序可以从你的购物收据中计算出你的碳足迹”为最佳标题。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分 10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
All people have some special talents! You might be a great writer or artist. Maybe you can run faster than anyone else in your class. Many people enjoy using their talents to help others. Take people working in technology for instance. ____16____
For example, money reading apps help people with visual impairments (障碍) identify the value of money. They help them use the right bills and make sure they get the correct change back. ____17____ They can use it to listen to books and other documents since they can’t see them. Kids can also use it to follow along with texts that are hard to read. Similarly, speech-to-text technology allows people with limited hearing to read the words they can’t hear.
Have you ever lost the use of a leg? Whether briefly or permanently, you’ll know how useful wheelchairs can be. ____18____ Prototypes (原型) already exist for wheelchairs that can climb stairs. And scientists are even working on wheelchairs that can be controlled with just the mind. They’ll read brain waves to find out exactly what their user wants them to do.
____19____ You can find it in many products. There are voice command keyboards, cars, smartphones, and many others. And of course, driverless cars can improve transportation for people with visual and physical impairments. Many models of these cars are in testing!
What does the future hold for technology? ____20____ Maybe you’ll even come up with the next helpful device yourself! If technology isn’t your passion, there are plenty of other ways for you to help others. All talents are useful — especially when they’re used to help people face challenges!
A. Adults also use text-to-speech features.
B. And they’re becoming more advanced every day.
C. They use their talents to make new devices that help others.
D. Text-to-speech technology is also a huge help to these people.
E. Voice command technology is gaining increasing popularity now.
F. If your eyesight is limited, you know just how helpful that can be.
G. You might be amazed at some advances you’ll see in your lifetime.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. B 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了每个人都可以使用自己的特殊才能成为一个伟大的作家，艺术家或者是发明家来帮助别人，作者以从事技术工作的人为例，表明所有的才能都是有用的——尤其是当它们被用来帮助人们面对挑战的时候！
【16题详解】
根据前文的“Take people working in technology for instance. (以从事技术工作的人为例。)”可知，后文应该讲述的内容是从事技术工作的人如何使用天赋帮助别人。C选项“They use their talents to make new devices that help others.(他们利用自己的才能制造帮助他人的新设备。)”中的they指代前文的people working in technology，与前文呼应。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据后文的“They can use it to listen to books and other documents since they can’t see them.(他们可以用它来听书和其他文件，因为他们看不到它们。)”可知，此处强调的是某种技术能够帮助视觉障碍人士听书和其他文件。D选项“Text-to-speech technology is also a huge help to these people.(文本转语音技术对这些人也有很大帮助。)”中的文本转语音技术即为下文所提到的技术，与下文呼应。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据前文“Whether briefly or permanently, you’ll know how useful wheelchairs can be.(无论是短暂的还是永久的，你都会知道轮椅有多有用。)”可知，设空处强调的对象是轮椅。同时根据后文的“Prototypes (原型) already exist for wheelchairs that can climb stairs. And scientists are even working on wheelchairs that can be controlled with just the mind. (可以爬楼梯的轮椅的原型已经存在。科学家们甚至正在研究一种仅靠意念就能控制的轮椅。)”可知，此处强调的是轮椅设计的先进性，前文应该对此进行提及。B选项“And they’re becoming more advanced every day.(而且它们每天都在变得更加先进。)”中的they指代轮椅，承接上文；more advanced与下文呼应。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据后文的“You can find it in many products. There are voice command keyboards, cars, smartphones, and many others. (你可以在很多产品中找到它。有语音键盘、汽车、智能手机和许多其他设备。)”可知，此处强调的是语音指挥技术在产品中的应用，故前文应该提及该技术。在E选项“Voice command technology is gaining increasing popularity now.(语音指挥技术现在越来越受欢迎。)”引起下文。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据前文“What does the future hold for technology?(科技的未来会怎样?)”可知，设空处应该提及未来的科技。G选项“You might be amazed at some advances you’ll see in your lifetime.(你可能会对你有生之年看到的一些进步感到惊讶。)”与前文呼应，强调未来的科技可能会使你惊讶。故选G。
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A dog named Tinsley caught the attention of New Hampshire State Police when they responded to a call about a loose dog running down a highway. Tom Sandberg and Daniel Baldassarre arrived at the scene and ____21____ a large dog looking scared. They were trying to get the dog off the highway to keep it ____22____. However, as soon as they got ____23____ to the dog, it would run and then ____24____ and look at them, trying to get their ____25____. Finally, the dog ____26____ at the top of the embankment (路堤) and looked down.
The officers ____27____ a damaged section of guardrail and when they looked down, they saw a badly damaged pickup truck that had ____28____. Two men inside the truck had been ____29____ from the vehicle and were injured and hypothermic (体温过低的).
The officers called for medical ______30______ and while at the scene, they learned Tinsley ______31______ one of the injured men.
“It’s really quite ______32______. This dog definitely ______33______ their lives. I don’t think they would have ______34______ the night given the temperatures,” Baldassarre said.
As emergency rescue workers began their medical care of the ______35______, the dog sat there nice and calm right next to its owner. Both men were then taken to an area hospital for ______36______. Tinsley’s owner, Cam Laundry, said he was ______37______ Tinsley came to his rescue after the ______38______. Laundry was not seriously ______39______, and said Tinsley would be highly rewarded for ______40______ such intelligence and devotion.
21. A. raised B. adopted C. located D. purchased
22. A. clean B. safe C. active D. quiet
23. A. close B. sensitive C. available D. used
24. A. follow B. start C. appear D. stop
25. A. permission B. information C. attention D. chance
26. A. lived B. stood C. ate D. slept
27. A. mentioned B. abandoned C. noticed D. repaired
28. A. rolled over B. passed by C. set off D. joined in
29. A. selected B. banned C. hidden D. thrown
30. A. insurance B. assistance C. education D. progress
31. A. appealed to B. referred to C. turned to D. belonged to
32. A. possible B. remarkable C. practical D. boring
33. A. saved B. cost C. guided D. risked
34. A. ruined B. forgotten C. survived D. predicted
35. A. injured B. unemployed C. disadvantaged D. aged
36. A. advice B. experiment C. protection D. treatment
37. A. grateful B. fearful C. angry D. sorry
38. A. introduction B. operation C. flood D. crash
39. A. confused B. hurt C. moved D. examined
40. A. gaining B. demanding C. showing D. applying
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. A 36. D 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述一只狗吸引来了警察并救了两位卡车司机的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Tom Sandberg和Daniel Baldassarre赶到现场，找到一只看起来很害怕的大狗。A. raised举起；B. adopted收养；C. located找到；D. purchased购买。根据上文“Tom Sandberg and Daniel Baldassarre arrived at the scene”可知，Tom Sandberg和Daniel Baldassarre赶到现场，找到一只看起来很害怕的大狗。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们试图把狗从高速公路上弄下来，以保持它的安全。A. clean干净的；B. safe安全的；C. active积极的；D. quiet安静的。根据上文“They were trying to get the dog off the highway”可知，他们试图把狗从高速公路上弄下来，目的肯定是保障狗的安全。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，一旦他们靠近狗，它就会跑起来，然后停下来看着他们，试图引起他们的注意。A. close近的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. available可用的；D. used用过的。根据上文“They were trying to get the dog off the highway to keep it ____2____.”可知，他们试图把狗从高速公路上弄下来，所以他们要靠近那只狗。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第3题详解。A. follow跟随；B. start开始；C. appear出现；D. stop停止。根据下文“and look at them”可知，那只狗看着他们，所以应该是跑了之后又停了下来。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第3题详解。A. permission允诺；B. information信息；C. attention关注；D. chance机会。根据上文“as soon as they got ____3____ to the dog, it would run and then ____4____ and look at them,”可知，那只狗开始的时候跑了，后来又停下了，看着他们，所以应该是试图引起他们的注意力。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，狗站在堤顶，然后往下看。A. lived生活；B. stood站立；C. ate吃；D. slept睡觉。根据下文“looked down”可知，那只狗应该是在堤顶站立着往下看。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：警察注意到一段护栏受损，当他们往下看时，他们看到一辆严重受损的皮卡车侧翻了。A. mentioned提到；B. abandoned放弃；C. noticed注意到；D. repaired维修。根据下文“a damaged section of guardrail”可知，警察注意到一段护栏受损了。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：见第7题详解。A. rolled over翻滚；B. passed by经过；C. set off出发；D. joined in加入。根据上文“when they looked down, they saw a badly damaged pickup truck”可知，这辆大客车应该是翻滚下来了，所以才会受损严重。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡车内的两名男子被从车上扔了出来，受了伤且体温过低。A. selected选择；B. banned禁止；C. hidden躲藏；D. thrown扔。根据下文“from the vehicle and were injured and hypothermic”可知，卡车内的两名男子应该是在车滚下来的时候被从车里扔了出来。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：警官们要求医疗救助，在现场时，他们得知Tinsley属于其中一名受伤男子。A. insurance确保；B. assistance帮助；C. education教育；D. progress进步。根据上文“The officers called for medical”可知，警官们给医疗救助部门打电话。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：见第10题详解。A. appealed to吸引；B. referred to提到；C. turned to求助；D. belonged to属于。根据下文“Tinsley’s owner, Cam Laundry, said he was ____17____ Tinsley came to his rescue after the ____18____.”可知，这只狗是车上其中一位男子的。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它真的是很优秀。A. possible可能的；B. remarkable卓越的；C. practical实际的；D. boring令人厌烦的。根据下文“This dog definitely ____13____ their lives.”可知，这是警官Baldassarre在表扬这只狗的表现。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这只狗确实救了他们的命。A. saved挽救；B. cost花费；C. guided引导；D. risked冒险。根据下文“I don’t think they would have ____14____ the night given the temperatures,”可知，是这只狗吸引来了警察，并救了卡车上两个人的命。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：考虑到气温，我不认为他们能熬过那一夜。A. ruined毁坏；B. forgotten忘记；C. survived存活；D. predicted预测。根据这句话以及上下文意思可知，警官Baldassarre认为，如果不是这只狗叫来了他们，车上的两个人很可能会被冻死。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当紧急救援人员开始对伤者进行医疗护理时，这只狗安静地坐在主人旁边。A. injured受伤的；B. unemployed失业的；C. disadvantaged贫困的；D. aged年老的。根据上文“emergency rescue workers began their medical care of”可知，紧急救援人员应该是开始对卡车上受伤的两个人进行医疗护理。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人随后被送往一家地区医院接受治疗。A. advice建议；B. experiment实验；C. protection保护；D. treatment治疗。根据上文“As emergency rescue workers began their medical care of the ____15____, the dog sat there nice and calm right next to its owner. Both men were then taken to an area hospital for”可知，两人随后应该是被送往一家地区医院接受治疗。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Tinsley的主人卡姆·兰德里表示，他很感激Tinsley在他们的车摔下来之后前来救援。A. grateful感激的；B. fearful害怕的；C. angry生气的；D. sorry抱歉的。根据下文“Tinsley came to his rescue after the ____18____”可知，狗的主人应该是很感谢狗救了他的事情。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第17题详解。A. introduction介绍；B. operation操作；C. flood洪水；D. crash猛冲。根据上文“The officers ____7____ a damaged section of guardrail and when they looked down saw a badly damaged pickup truck that had ____8____.”可知，卡车应该是冲断了护栏，然后掉到了下面。故选D。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Laundry受伤并不严重，他表示Tinsley将因表现出如此聪明才智和奉献精神而受到高度奖励。A. confused使困惑；B. hurt伤害；C. moved使感动；D. examined检查。根据上文“Laundry was not seriously”可知，这里指Laundry受伤并不严重。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第19题详解。A. gaining获得；B. demanding要求；C. showing展示；D. applying申请。根据下文“such intelligence and devotion”可知，Tinsley将因表现出如此聪明才智和奉献精神而受到高度奖励。故选C。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A group of computer engineers, all of ____41____ were highly established in their careers, got together to visit their old university professor. Conversation soon turned into complaints about stress in work and life.
Offering his guests coffee, the professor went to the kitchen and returned with ____42____large pot of coffee and a ____43____ (various) of cups, some ordinary-looking, some expensive, some fine. He told his students to help ____44____ (them) to hot coffee. When all the students had a cup of coffee in their hands, the professor said: “If you have noticed, all the nice-looking expensive cups ____45____ (take) up, leaving only the plain and cheap looking ones. ____46____ it is normal for you to want only the best for yourselves, that is the source of your problems and stress. ____47____ you really wanted was coffee, not the cup, but you consciously went for the best cups and ____48____ (bad) still, you were eyeing each other's cups.”
“Now if life is coffee, then the jobs, money and position in society are the cups. They are just tools ____49____ (hold) and contain life, but the quality of life doesn't change. Sometimes, by ____50____ (concentrate) only on the cup, we fail to enjoy the coffee in it. " So never let the cups drive you, enjoy the coffee instead.
【答案】41. whom
42. a 43. variety
44. themselves
45. were taken##have been taken
46. While##Although##Though
47. What 48. worse
49. to hold
50. concentrating
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。通过老教授请同学们喝咖啡的故事，说明人生道理：我们不能过度关注工作，钱财或职位，而要关注生活本身。
【41题详解】
考查关系代词。句意：一群计算机工程师聚在一起看望他们的大学教授，他们的职业生涯都很成功。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，从句缺少of的介词宾语，先行词是engineers。故填whom。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：教授给客人端上咖啡，走进厨房，拿着一大壶咖啡和各种各样的杯子回来，有些看起来普通，有些昂贵，有些精致。句中“large pot of coffee”一大壶咖啡，pot是可数名词单数，前面需加冠词，large首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：教授给客人端上咖啡，走进厨房，拿着一大壶咖啡和各种各样的杯子回来，有些看起来普通，有些昂贵，有些精致。固定短语a variety of意为“各种各样的”。故填variety。
44题详解】
考查代词。句意：他告诉学生们自取热咖啡。根据句意，学生们自己给自己倒咖啡，“help oneself”指自用，自取所需。故填themselves。
【45题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：如果你们注意到了，所有好看的昂贵杯子都被拿走了，只剩下那些看起来朴素的，便宜的杯子。分析句子可知，“拿走杯子”可以指是过去发生的事。也可以指过去发生的动作，导致现在只剩下便宜的，不好看的杯子，故可用一般过去时或现在完成时；主语是复数“cups”与谓语take up为被动关系，故填were taken或have been taken。
【46题详解】
考查连词。句意：虽然你只想要最好的东西是正常的，但这就是你问题和压力的来源。分析句子可知，本句是让步状语从句，空处应填“尽管，虽然”。故填Though，Although或While。
【47题详解】
考查连接词。句意：你真正想要的是咖啡，而不是杯子，但你有意识地选择最好的杯子，更糟糕的是，你还盯着对方的杯子。本句为主语从句，句中缺少wanted的动词宾语，故填What。
【48题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：你真正想要的是咖啡，而不是杯子，但你有意识地选择最好的杯子，更糟糕的是，你盯着对方的杯子。根据句意可知，你们不应该选择最好的杯子，更糟糕的是，你盯着对方的杯子，因此填bad的比较级。故填worse。
【49题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它们只是维持和容纳生活工具，但生活质量不会改变。本句中hold与tools是主谓关系，因此用不定式作定语，“tools to hold and contain life”意为“维持和容纳生活的工具”。故填to hold。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：有时，我们只专注于杯子，却无法享受其中的咖啡。句中concentrate是动词，做介词by的宾语，应填doing形式。故填concentrating。
第三部分 词语运用(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)
51. The test can ________ (精准) predict what a bigger explosion would do. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】accurately##precisely##exactly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：该测试可以准确预测一次更大的爆炸会造成什么后果。分析句子设空处使用副词作状语，修饰动词predict。根据汉语提示，表示“精准地”用accurately/precisely/exactly。故填accurately/precisely/exactly。
52. They are c________ to developing a new evaluation system. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】committed##ommitted
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们致力于开发一种新的评价体系。根据句意“致力于”和首字母提示“c”可知，此处为短语be committed to。故填committed。
53. The president ______(反对) giving military aid to this country. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】opposed
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：总统反对给这个国家军事援助。分析可知，该句陈述过去的事实，要用一般过去时。表达：反对，英语用oppose。空格处是谓语。故填opposed。
54. He is a strong ________ (提倡者) of free speech. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】advocate
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他是言论自由的强烈倡导者。分析句子，设空处使用名词作表语。根据汉语提示，表示“提倡者”用advocate。此处为单数。故填advocate。
55. The doctor________(分析) the food and found that it contained poison. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】analysed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：医生分析了食物，发现里面有毒。设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词；结合句意及汉语提示可知，此处应用analyse，根据后面的found可知，应用一般过去时。故填analysed。
56. Follow the instructions, and you can learn how to use this tool e________.（根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】efficiently##fficiently
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：按照说明，您可以学习如何有效地使用该工具。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语。根据句意，表示“有效地”用efficiently。故填efficiently。
57. _____ (使融合) the kids with the community as well as finding them a role, is essential. （根据中文提示单词拼写）
【答案】Integrating
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：让孩子融入社区，并为他们找到一个角色，是很有必要的。根据中文提示，应是动词integrate；分析句子结构， 所填词在句中作主语，应用动名词形式作主语。 故填Integrating。
58. Compared to those who r________ move, people who often exercise and stay active are much less likely to develop heart disease. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】rarely##arely
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：与那些很少运动的人相比，经常锻炼和保持活跃的人患心脏病的可能性要小得多。修饰动词move，需用副词作状语，根据句意“很少”和首字母提示“r”可知，需填频度副词rarely。故填rarely。
59. She s________ on the TV set as soon as she arrived home. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】switched##witched
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：她一回到家就打开了电视机。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查这句话的谓语动词，需要“打开（开关）”的意思，以s字母开头，这句话描述的是过去的事情，所以谓语用一般过去时。故填switched。
60. Our school offers many interesting optional courses this term, each of which a________ to many students. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】appeals##ppeals
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：本学期我们学校提供了许多有趣的选修课，每一门都吸引了许多学生。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查定语从句each of which a　　　　　　　　 to many students的谓语动词，表示“吸引（appeal to）”的意思。结合主句谓语offers用一般现在时可知，这句话描述一种事实现象，所以从句谓语用一般现在时，从句主语each单数，谓语单数形式。故填appeals。
61. So far the e-ticket service has been ________(采用) in high-speed railway stations so that passengers don’t need printed tickets any more. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】adopted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：到目前为止，电子票务服务已经在高铁车站采用，因此乘客不再需要打印车票。根据汉语提示“采用”可知，此处为动词adopt，结合时间状语“so far”和“has been”可知，应填过去分词形式构成现在完成时的被动语态。故填adopted。
62. There is a growing t________ for people to return to the hometown to start their business. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】tendency##endency
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：现在，返回家乡创业的人正呈增长的趋势。根据句意“趋势”和首字母提示“t”可知，此处需填名词tendency，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词。故填tendency。
63. The past ten years has ________（见证）the achievements of developing sports business. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】witnessed
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：过去的十年见证了体育事业发展的成就。根据汉语意思提示，“见证”对应的动词是witness。根据句子结构可知，此空需要填动词的过去分词形式，和前面的“has”构成现在完成时的结构。故填witnessed。
64. The plan will be submitted to the committee for official ________（批准）. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】approval
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：该计划将提交委员会正式批准。空格处作介词 for 的宾语，且前有形容词official 修饰，故空格处填名词。根据汉语提示可知填approval。
65. He’s fully o________(忙着) in looking after three small children. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】occupied##ccupied
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他忙于照顾三个小孩。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语。句中be occupied in doing sth为固定短语，意为“忙于做某事”，此处occupied为形容词，意为“忙的”。故填occupied。
第三部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
66. 假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误。要求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线(________)，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；
2 .只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Our school pays much attention to traditional Chinese culture. A famous craftswoman naming Gao Ming was invited to give us a talk on paper cutting last Friday. First, Mrs. Gao introduced a history of paper cutting. Then she taught us on how to cut paper into different shape skillfully. When we are making paper cuttings, Mrs. Gao patient explained what we were confused about. Finally, we displayed my works on a table, that made us feel excited and proud. This activity was highly thought because it helped us learn more about traditional Chinese culture. And we both hope to have more chances to attend such activities.
【答案】1. naming→named
2. a→the
3. 删除how前的on
4. shape→shapes
5. are→were
6. patient→patiently
7. my→our
8. that→which
9. 在thought后加of
10. both→all
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了上周五，作者学校举办的一次有关于剪纸的讲座。
【详解】1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：上周五，一位名叫高敏的著名手工艺人应邀给我们做了一个关于剪纸的讲座。分析句子，句中name为动词，意为“命名”，craftswoman和其之间是被动关系，句中was invited为谓语，故此处应该使用过去分词作后置定语表示被动关系。故将naming改为named。
2. 考查冠词。句意：首先，高老师介绍了剪纸的历史。句中history此处为特指，用定冠词the。故将a改为the。
3. 考查介词。句意：然后她教我们如何熟练地把纸剪成不同的形状。分析句子，句中teach为及物动词，后接双宾语即teach sb. sth.，其后直接加宾语不需要使用介词。故将how前的on删除。
4.考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子，shape为可数名词，意为“形状”，由different修饰，此处表示复数意义。故将shape改为shapes。
5. 考查时态。句意：当我们在做剪纸的时候，高老师耐心地解释了我们困惑的地方。文章讲述的是上周五发生的事情，故应该使用一般过去时。故将are改为were。
6. 考查副词。句意：同上。句中应该使用patient的副词形式修饰动词explained作状语。故将patient改为patiently。
7.考查代词。句意：最后，我们在桌子上展示了我们的作品，这让我们感到兴奋和自豪。分析句子，句中使用主语为we，应该用对应的形容词性物主代词即our。故将my改为our。
8. 考查定语从句。句意：同上。先行词是前面的句子，非限制性定语从句缺乏主语，句中应该使用which引导非限制性定语从句。故将that改为which。
9. 考查介词。句意：这次活动得到了高度评价，因为它帮助我们更多地了解了中国传统文化。句中be highly thought of为固定短语，意为“被高度评价”。故在thought后加of。
10. 考查代词。句意：我们都希望有更多的机会参加这样的活动。句中both指代两者，此处指代全班所有的学生，应该使用不定代词all。故将both改为all。
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
67. 2022年的秋季疫情使得同学们又开启了网课模式，为鼓励同学们积极锻炼，增强“运动有助于健康”的意识，校学生会英语社团决定举办主题为“Life Lies in Movement”的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1. 运动的好处；
2. 你喜欢的运动及理由。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
3. 首段已给出，不计入总词数。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
Life Lies in Movement
Due to the epidemic, our school launched the online course, during which many of us students don’t get much exercise learning at home all day. However, it’s universally acknowledged that physical exercise is so important to our health.
Taking exercise, which can not only enhance our immunity but also release us from the fast-paced life, plays an important role in our heath.
There are various kinds of sports activities including ball games as well as other activities like swimming and hiking. When it comes to the sports which I am fond of, running must be mentioned. For one thing, it is easy to carry out. We can do running in our community or in the park, saving us much time and money in finding a proper place. For another, we can do it as we like, by ourselves or in a group. At last, all things taken into consideration, running not only brings us good health but also a positive mind.
So why not choose a sport and enjoy its benefits?
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇开放性作文，要求考生写一篇短文投稿，参加校学生会英语社团决定举办主题为“Life Lies in Movement”的征文活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
在……中起重要作用：play an important role in→play an important part in
喜欢：be fond of→be keen on
加强：enhance→strengthen
选择：choose→select
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：There are various kinds of sports activities including ball games as well as other activities like swimming and hiking.
拓展句：There are various kinds of sports activities which include ball games as well as other activities like swimming and hiking.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
However, it’s universally acknowledged that physical exercise is so important to our health.(it为形式主语，that引导主语从句)
[高分句型2]
Taking exercise, which can not only enhance our immunity but also release us from the fast-paced life, plays an important role in our heath.(动名词短语作主语，which引导非限制性定语从句)