专题07 7BU7-牛津译林版初中英语第二学期单元知识点囊括及易错题分析（江苏专用）
展开专题07 7BU7-牛津译林版初中英语第二学期单元知识点囊括
及易错题分析
单元话题 | Abilities |
Reading | 重点词汇、词组和句型 |
Grammar | 情态动词can，could及may的用法；what和how各自引导的感叹句 |
一、重点词组、句型
1．Believe it or not!信不信由你!
believe it or not!是口语中的常用句型。其完整形式是Whether you believe it or not．意为
“无论／不管你相不相信’’或“信不信由你’’。
2．Look out，Eddie!埃迪，当心!
look out相当于take care／be careful，用于提醒或引起别人的注意。如：
If you don’t look out，you may fall on the ice．如果不小心的话，你会在冰上摔倒的。
3．We can send some to them．我们可以送一些(衣服和鞋子)给他们。
send是及物动词，意为“发送，寄；派遣，打发’’，可接双宾语。如：
She sent me a Christmas card．=She sent a Christmas card to me．
她给我寄来一张圣诞贺卡。
He sent his son to return the books to the library．他打发他儿子把书还给图书馆。
4．home families are not even able to pay for pens and notebooks．一些孩子甚至不能支付书本费。
(1)be able to意为“能’’，与can意思相同，当它们表示能力的时候，是同义的。但也有区别：①can只有两种时态，即can和could，而be able to有多种时态。
②表示过去通过努力终于做成了某事要用be
able to，而不能用can。如：
All the people were able to escape from, the fire in time．所有的人都能及时地从大火中逃生。
③can可以表示猜测，be able to不可以。can 的这种用法主要用于疑问句和否定句。
(2)pay for意为“支付"，pay．．．for．．．意为 “花(钱)买……"。如：
I can’t pay for the house．我支付不了这房子钱。
We paid much money for the food．我们花了许多钱买了这些食物。
5．We can raise some money for them to buy
these things．我们可以为他们募集一些钱去买这些东西。
raise意为“募集；饲养；举起’’。如：
He raised his eyes from his work．他停下工作举目观望。
It’s difficult to raise a family on a small
income．依靠微薄的收入是很难养家的。
6．He was brave enough to save his neighbour from a fire．他非常英勇地把他的邻居救出。
(1)enough修饰形容词或副词时要后置。
(2)save意为“救，救助；节约；储蓄’’，save sb．
from意为“把某人从……救出’’。如：
The doctor saved his mother’s life．那位医生救了他妈妈的命。
The tall man saved her from the fire two days ago．
那位高个子男子两天前把她从大火里救了出来。
7．Her left leg was badly hurt and she could not get out．她的左腿伤得很重，她出不来了。
hurt意为“疼’’，是不及物动词，作“伤害’’讲时是及物动词。如：
H e hurt himself on the way、to the theatre．他在去戏院的途中伤了自己。
My right ear hurt last week．上星期我的右耳受伤了。
8．He poured water over his clothes to protect himself．他把水倾倒在衣服上来保护自己。
(1)动词不定式to protect himself作目的状语。
(2)pour是及物动词，意为“倒，倾倒’’。
如：Don’t pour the rubbish into the river．不要把垃圾倒进河里。
9．Later some fireman came and put out the fire．后来一些消防员赶来扑灭了火。
put out意为“扑灭，熄灭；关掉’’。
如：She put out the fire with a blanket．她用毯子扑灭了火。 ·
10．Fire is very dangerous．We should be careful with it．大火是危险的。我们应该小心对待它。
careful是形容词，意为“小心的，仔细的’’，它的反义词是careless(粗心的)。be careful意为 “小心，当心’’，相当于take care／look out。be careful with意为“对……小心谨慎’’。如：
Be careful with fire．当心火。
11．First，he found out that his neighbour’s bathroom was on fire．首先，他发现他邻居的浴室着火了。
on fire意为“着火了"，表示状态，相当于be burning。如：
I found Jim’s house on fire when I got there．当我到那儿时发现吉姆的房子着火了。
1 2．I make a call on your mobile．我用你的手机打个电话。
mak6 a call意为“打电话"，同义词组有：ring sb．up，give sb．a call／ring，call sb．
13．She does well in．．．．她在……方面做得好。
do well in--be good at--do．．．very well意为 “在……方面做得好’’。如：
They did well in the sports meeting．他们在运动会中表现很好。
14．I started to play the violin at the age of six．我在六岁时开始弹奏小提琴。
at the age of six意为“在六岁’’，相当于when引导的时间状语从句。
15．1 would like to recommend Daniel for this year’s Young Star Award．我想要推荐丹尼尔
荣获今年的“新星奖’’。
recommend sb．for．．．意为“推荐某人荣获……
"recommend sb．as／to be 意为“推荐某人做(某个职位)’’。如：
We all recommend him to be／as our monitor．我们都推荐他做我们的班长。
16．He is a member of our Project Hope group and often takes part in activities．他是我们希
望工程小组的一员并经常参加(小组的)活动。
(1)be a member of—be in意为“成为……的一员，参加了……"。
(2)take part in意为“参加"，它的宾语多为某
种活动，可以与join in互换使用；join后多接某个组织或团体。如：
You can join in／take part in planting trees．你可以参加植树。
When did you join the League? 你何时入团的?
17．Last week，a five-year-old boy lost his way and was crying in the street．上个星期，一个
五岁大的男孩迷了路，在大街上一直哭。
(1)five-year—old意为“5岁大的’’，是复合形容词。复合形容词只能作前置定语，不能单独做表语。如：
a 20-metre-high building一幢20米高的楼房
(2)lose one’s way—get lost意为“迷路"。如：
He lost his way in Shanghai last year．去年他在上海迷了路。
二、语法Grammar
(一)情态动词can，could及may的用法
1．用can与could来谈论能力。
can用于谈论现在或将来的能力，could谈论过去的能力。如：
I can finish the work tomorrow．我明天能完成这项工作。
She could swim at the age of five．她五岁就能游泳了。
2．用can，could，may请求允许。can主要用于好朋友之间；could语气上比can委婉、礼貌，用于上司领导、师生之间以及长辈、陌生人等，可用may替换，但没有may正式。如： 一May I ask you a question，sir?我可以问你一个问题吗?
一Yes，you may．是的，你可以。
(二)感叹句
感叹句的结构
What an interesting book it is! What+n.+主谓
How careful she is!/ How hard he worked! How+adj./adv.+主谓
What型
【句型一】What / + a / an + 形容词 + 名词 /+ 主语 + 谓语！
What an interesting story it is! (这是个)多么有趣的故事啊！
【句型二】What / + 形容词 + 名词复数 /不可数名词+ 主语 + 谓语！
What beautiful flowers they are! (它们是)多么漂亮的花啊！
What fine weather it is! 多好的天气啊！
What fun it is to have a picnic! 去野餐多开心啊！
常考不可数名词归纳：
工作work时间time坐在家具furniture上听到了有趣fun的天气weather信息information和消息news提出了建议advice
How型
【句型】How /+ 形容词 / 副词 / + 主语 + 谓语！
How clever the boy is! 这个男孩多么聪明啊！
How fast he runs! 他跑得多么快啊！
做题步骤
1. 找所要求改写的句子的主谓，先找谓语动词，再找主语；
2. 划去主谓后剩形容词或副词则选how;剩含有形容词的名词短语或名词，则选what;
3. 选用what时，切记要看名词是可数还是不可数，可数时是元音音素开头还是辅音音素开头。
三、词组归纳
1、believe it or not 信不信由你 | 13、play with matches 玩火柴 |
2、look out 留神，当心 | 14、be careful with 小心 |
3、plant trees 植树 | 15、be on fire 着火了 |
4、clean up the park 把公园打扫干净 | 16、in the newspaper 在报纸上 |
5、give a seat to someone on the bus 在公交车上给某人让座 | 17、work hard on the subject 努力学习这门功课 |
6、collect things for Project Hope 为希望工程筹集物品 | 18、pour water over his clothes 把水泼在他的衣服上 |
7、visit an old people’s home 拜访老年公寓 | 19、by the way 顺便问一下；顺便说说 |
8、rush into the kitchen 冲进厨房 | 20、as fast as light 像光一样快 |
9、do/try one’s best 尽某人最大的努力 | 21、do well in … 在……方面做得好 |
10、raise some money for them 为他们募集资金 | 22、at the age of … 在……岁时 |
11、put out the fire 扑灭火 | 23、take part in 参加 |
12、be in hospital 生病住院 | 24、lose(lost) one’s way 迷路 |
13.before his parents came在他父母来之前 | 25. get the ward 获得奖项 |
语法部分：
1. The little boy saved his classmates in the earthquake. ______ brave boy he was!
A. What B. What a C. How D. What an
2.Yao Ming is an excellent Chinese basketball player. (改为感叹句)
_____________excellent Chinese basketball player Yao Ming is!
3.__________unusual UFO they saw just now!
A. How B. What C. What a D. What an
4.It is very fast to travel by underground. (改为感叹句)
_____________it is to travel by underground!
5. _____________ useful piece of advice she gave us！
A. How B. What C. What a D. What an
【答案】B What an D How fast C
词汇句型部分：
一、单词拼写
1. My sister saw a lot of _______________ (烟) from next door just now.
2. —Can I have the _______________ (座位), please?
—Sorry. It’s for that mother with a little boy.
3. The police try their best to _______________ (保护) the people around.
4. Suzy plays basketball well. She will get into the school team next _______________ (学期).
5. There are many _______________ (火柴) in the box. Don’t play with them.
6. The English teacher _______________ (点头) when Tom answered the questions well.
7. The fireman rushed into the house and _______________ (救) that old woman.
8. Were the old houses _______________ (严重地) damaged (损坏) in the earthquake？
9. How many photos did you take with the new _______________ (相机)?
10. She is _______________ (倒) hot water into these cups for the visitors.
【答案】
1. smoke 2. seat 3. protect 4. term 5. matches 6. nodded 7. saved 8. badly 9. camera 10. pouring
二、动词填空
1. Wow, the cake tastes bad. Who _______________ (make) it?
2. How amazing it is _______________ (see) so many beautiful butterflies!
3. Look! How happy your mother _______________ (look)!
4. —Thank you for the delicious food last night.
—I’m glad you _______________ (enjoy) it.
5. Look! There are some Young Pioneers _______________ (clean) up the park.
6. Many years ago people didn’t know that Moon _______________ (go) around Earth.
7. If she isn’t free tomorrow, she _______________ (not take) part in the party.
8. My mother was making breakfast when I _______________ (wake) up this morning.
9. Can’t you see the man with two boys _______________ (fly) kites in the field?
10. —_______________ Amy _______________ (hear) the loud noise again last night? —No.
【答案】
1. made 2. to see 3. looks 4. enjoyed 5. cleaning
6. goes 7. won’t take 8. woke 9. flying 10. Did, hear
三、完成句子
1. 消防员们(firemen)用了多长时间扑灭了那场火？
_______________________________________________________ the fire?
2. 他能给你演示如何弹钢琴吗？
Can he ______________________________________________________ the piano?
3. 那一刻任何事情都有可能发生在我们身上。
__________________________________________________ at that moment.
4. 火很危险，因此我们应该让小孩远离它。
Fire is very dangerous, so we should ____________________________________.
5. 她的歌听起来多么优美啊！
How ____________________________________________________________!
6. 昨晚我看见他从大火中救出了一个八岁的小女孩。多勇敢的年轻人啊！
I saw him _____________________________________ last night. What a brave young man!
7. 李云迪七岁开始学弹钢琴。
Li Yundi began to learn __________________________________________________ seven.
【答案】
1. How long did it take the firemen to put out/ did the firemen spend putting out
2. show you how to play
3. Anything might happen to us
4. keep the children away from it
5. beautiful her song sounds
6. save an eight-year-old girl from a fire
7. to play the piano at the age of/ when he was
四、单项填空
( ) 1. Don’t drive so fast! We must slow down when we drive _______ the tunnel (隧道).
A. past B. across C. over D. through
( ) 2. _______ important information she gave me yesterday!
A. What a B. How C. What an D. What
( ) 3. —Do you hear there was _______ fire in the hospital last night?
—Yes. _______ fire was terrible.
A. the; The B. /; A C. the; A D. a; The
( ) 4. Lisa is a little poor at Chinese. I think she needs _______ it every day.
A. practise to speak B. to practise speaking
C. practise speaking D. to practise to speak
( ) 5. —Can’t you sing this song in English?
—_______. Let me sing it for you.
A. Yes, I can B. No, I can’t C. Yes, I can’t D. No, I can
( ) 6. I could not _______ out because I _______ my leg.
A. get; hurt B. get; hurted C. got; hurt D. got; hurted
( ) 7. I often hear the little girl _______ in her room. Listen, she _______.
A. singing; is singing B. sing; singing
C. sing; is singing D. is singing; is singing
( ) 8. Zhang Hua spends _______ on English. Now he is _______ at it.
A. enough time; enough good B. enough of time; enough good
C. enough of time; good enough D. enough time; good enough
( ) 9. Mr Liu was glad that the girls there _______ the violin.
A. can play B. are able to play C. were able to play D. could be able to play
( ) 10. —Excuse me, Sir. But smoking is not allowed (允许) here.
—Sorry, I didn’t see the sign. I’ll _______ my cigarette (香烟) at once.
A. put out B. put away C. put up D. put off
( ) 11. Don’t leave the TV _______.
A. on B. off C. close D. open
( ) 12. —_______ the man there be our English teacher?
—He _______ be, but I’m not sure.
A. May; mustn’t B. Can; may C. Can; can’t D. May; can’t
( ) 13. All of us hope _______ the award.
A. her to get B. her getting C. she get D. she will get
( ) 14. _______ exciting news! We will have a _______ holiday after the exam.
A. What an; two months B. How an; two months
C. What; two-month D. How; two months’
( ) 15. My mother is ill _______ hospital. I have to look after her _______ hospital.
A. in; in the B. in; in a C. in the; in D. at the; at
( ) 16. —When did you _______ from your brother?
—Well, I _______ from him last month.
A. hear a letter; got B. get; heard C. get a letter; heard D. hear; heard a letter
( ) 17. _______ great fun he had _______ English songs!
A. How; practise sing B. What; to practise to sing
C. What; practising singing D. What a; to practise to sing
( ) 18. —Can you show me how to start the computer? —_______.
A. Great B. Not at all C. No problem D. Never mind
( ) 19. —_______ the little girl looks! —That’s true. She can’t find her Teddy Bear.
A. How sad B. What sad C. What sadly D. How sadly
( ) 20. —May I play with Jack, Mom? —_______. He is a lazy boy.
A. No, you mustn’t B. No, I can’t C. Yes, you do D. Yes, you may
【答案】1-5 DDDBA 6-10 ACDCA 11-15 ABDCA 16-20 CCCAA
五、翻译句子
71.信不信由你，消防队员把火扑灭了。
- 在回家的路上，她弄伤了双腿。
73.他太胖了，不能通过这扇门。
- 快点，否则你开会就迟到啦。
- 为什么不尽你最大的努力去帮助贫困地区的人们?
【答案】
71. Believe it or not, the firemen put out the fire/put the fire out.
72. On her way home, she hurt her two legs.
73. He is/was too fat to go through the door.
74. Hurry up, or you'll be late for the meeting.
75. Why not try your best to help people in poor areas?
