2022-2023学年河南省南阳市第一中学校上学期高二第四次月考英语试题含解析

南阳一中2022年秋期高二年级第四次月考英语试题第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项ALife and Health Insurance Risk Manager WantedOur company has partnered an international insurer and is looking for a full-time risk manager with responsibility for the UK life and health insurance business. The role is in a small risk team and is suited to a high-performing individual. Responsibilities*Support the chief risk officer;*Oversee the reporting of health and life risks;*Deliver advice and cooperate with some stakeholders;*Assess relevant risks of technical pricing and reinsurance;*Continuously contribute to the capital requirements, internal model reviews and data model processes.Key requirementsThe individual will be a qualified life or health manager who has experience in risk management or consulting. You must work in the UK—these rules have changed recently, so when applying, please state your qualification to work in the UK. (E.g. British passport, Irish passport, ILR and settled status)Salary￡70,000-￡90,000 per year and performance-based salary.Contact informationThe deadline for applications is 14th May.If you are interested, please apply here or contact the associate consultant Abi Logeswaran at HFG Insurance Recruitment (招聘). Sign in to apply instantly.We’d love to send you information about Jobs and Services from CareersinRisk.com by email. We do not share your information with third parties for marketing purposes. By applying for a job listed on CareersinRisk.com, you agree to our terms and conditions and privacy policy. You should never be required to provide bank account details. If you are, please email us.What do we know about the job?It hunts for a chief risk officer. B. It is a part-time job. C. It is related to insurance business. D. It involves a high-risk team.Which of the following is a must for applicants?A professional certificate. B. The ability to change working rules. C. An Irish passport. D. Relevant experience.What do we have to do when applying for the job?Hand in our applications before May. B. Accept the company’s privacy policy. C. Offer our bank account details. D. Give our information to third parties.BOliver, the CTO of a high-tech company, loved to participate in all conversations at the C-suite level, regardless of topic. He was often the first to raise his hand for a project, appeared to have infinite capacity to get high-quality work done, and offered to assist his peers and direct reports. Oliver seemed to be all-in: optimistic, energetic, supportive, and someone who contributed to everyone.However，the more Oliver participated，the more others around him were slighted. Instead of sparking creativityin others, his ideas outshone everyone else’s. He consumed time speaking in meetings, exhausting the oxygen level in the room. Oliver felt pumped up by how many of his ideas had been deployed（有效利用）but frustrated by others’ lack of sufficient effort.While the CEO appreciated Oliver’s yield, she recognized he had to change his approach to keep the rest of the team productive. In response, Oliver worked out a plan to help address his cooperation challenges using techniques many other executives had deployed. When we over-participate, we believe that we’re being helpful. However, “helpfulness” is defined by the recipient, not the giver. Instead of improving his relationships with colleagues, Oliver robbed them of fulfillment by furnishing masses of ideas. They felt discouraged, interrupted, and excluded. To fix the issue, Oliver learned the value of asking two specific questions before offering his own ideas: “What have you thought of?” and “What would be most helpful for you at this point?” Surveying others to understand what’s helpful illuminates better avenues for our contribution: directly through our ideas, through coaching colleagues to create their own, or by building on what someone else has generated.4. What can we learn about Oliver?7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?When Leaders Fail to Keep the Team ProductiveWhen Contributing Gets in the Way of CooperatingHow a Great Team Welcomes Ideas in a DiscussionHow Active Participation Gives Rise to a Better TeamCThe heat dome(穹顶) roasting millions of people across the Pacific Northwest, sending temperatures in usually temperate places to record-breaking triple digits, has already claimed hundreds of lives. And those are just the ones we can count so far.Climate change has increased average temperatures by 1℃ Celsius over the past century, making heat waves like this one more frequent and intense than those from any other point in recorded history. A worldwide study published last month in Nature Climate Change found global warming responsible for 37 percent of heat-related deaths between 1991 and 2018. As temperatures tick ever higher, that figure may well rise.The following is what happens if you’re one of the next people whom extreme heat kills, according to W. Lawrence Kenney, an expert at Penn State University.First, your brain sends a series of messages to your sweat glands ( 腺体 ) telling them to ramp up sweat production. Then your heart starts beating faster to pump blood to the skin. That’s your body attempting to make your skin hotter than the air outside, in hopes of moving heat away from you. Sometimes that alone is enough to create problems for a weak or aging heart. If your body fails to cool you down, its internal temperature might start to climb. At that temperature, the tissues in the brain become affected. Before long, you might not know where you are or what time it is. You might collapse. You may lose consciousness. While you struggle to stay awake and avoid dizzying confusion, the excessive internal heat will likely trigger an inflammatory (发炎的) response. Left untreated, what follows is organ failure that leads to all but certain death.And that’s just part of what we know about how extreme heat kills you.“It’s important for people to understand that there’s still a lot we don’t know about heat stroke and who’s most susceptible (易受影响的) to it,” Kenney said. “That’s because we can’t ethically study it in humans in the laboratory.A lot of what we know comes from studies on animal models, like mice and rats, or from body examinations of people who have died of heat stroke.”What can we learn from Paragraph 2?Rise in temperature is positively related to heat-related deaths.Heat waves are weaker and can be seen less frequently nowadays.Climate change has mainly triggered temperature decrease over the past century.Global warming contribute to most deaths related to heat between 1991 and 2018.What will happen to the person killed by extreme heat?His heart will receive messages from the brain to pump blood.His body will turn cooler due to the quick response of the skin.He will have skin problems for weak or aging tissues.He will suffer from confusion, faint or even break down.Which of the following words can replace “ramp up” in Paragraph 4?Take up. B. Speed up. C. Turn up. D. Build up.What is the writer’s intention of quoting Kenney’s words?To reveal how studies on animal models are carried out in the laboratoryTo explain why humans cannot be used for experiments to study heat strokeTo illustrate many factors have influenced heat stroke and the deathsTo prove people know little about heat stroke and its contributing factorDBoth misinformation, which includes honest mistakes, and disinformation, which involves an intention to mislead, have had a growing impact on teenage students over the past 20 years. One tool that schools can use to deal with this problem is called media literacy education. The idea is to teach teenage students how to evaluate and think critically about the messages they receive. Yet there is profound disagreement about what to teach.Some approaches teach students to distinguish the quality of the information in part by learning how responsible journalism works. Yet some scholars argue that these methods overstate journalism and do little to cultivate critical thinking skills. Other approaches teach students methods for evaluating the credibility of news and information sources, in part by determining the incentive of those sources. They teach students to ask: What encouraged them to create it and why? But even if these approaches teach students specific skills well, some experts argue that determining credibility of the news is just the first step. Once students figure out if it’s true or false, what is the other assessment and the other analysis they need to do?Worse still, some approaches to media literacy education not only don’t work but might actually backfire by increasing students’ skepticism about the way the media work. Students may begin to read all kinds of immoral motives into everything. It is good to educate students to challenge their assumptions, but it’s very easy for students to go from healthy critical thinking to unhealthy skepticism and the idea that everyone is lying all the time.To avoid these potential problems, broad approaches that helps students develop mindsets in which they become comfortable with uncertainty are in need. According to educational psychologist William Perry of Harvard University, students go through various stages of learning. First, children are black-and-white thinkers—they think there are right answers and wrong answers. Then they develop into relativists, realizing that knowledge can be contextual. This stage is the one where people can come to believe there is no truth. With media literacy education, the aim is to get students to the next level—that place where they can start to see and appreciate the fact that the world is messy, and that’s okay. They have these fundamental approaches to gathering knowledge that they can accept, but they still value uncertainty.Schools still have a long way to go before they get there, though. Many more studies will be needed for researchers to reach a comprehensive understanding of what works and what doesn’t over the long term. “Education scholars need to take an ambitious step forward,” says Howard Schneider, director of the Center for News Literacy at Stony Brook University.As for media literacy education, what is the author’s major concern?How to achieve its goal. B. How to measure its progress. C. How to avoid its side effects. D. How to promote its importance.What does the underlined word “incentive” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?Importance. B. Variety. C. Motivation. D. Benefit.The author mentions stages of learning in Paragraph 4 mainly to_____________.compare different types of thinking B. evaluate students’ mind development C. explain a theory of educational psychology D. stress the need to raise students’ thinking levelsWhich would be the best title for this passage? A. Media Literacy Education: Much Still RemainsMedia Literacy Education: Schools Are to BlameMedia Literacy Education: A Way to Identify False InformationMedia Literacy Education: A Tool for Testing Critical Thinking第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Innovation skills play a vital role in your professional life. There have been various researches and studies conducted to design tips to improve innovation skills. Some of them are given below.Think outside the box16 . To grab that newness, you need more original ways of thinking. Hence, breaking the regular chain of thoughts and initiating a new one is necessary. You need to think something different from others associated with similar sorts of tasks.Creative thinkingMany times, creativity is a way of innovation. Creative thinking is a way of thinking by applying the techniques used to create something new. With creative thinking, you will desire a new innovative way of doing something which will empower you to innovate something new. 17 .Be a good listenerYou should listen to others and try to think about their ideas and concepts. 18 . Also, adaptability increases innovation. It would help if you tried adopting newer versions of solutions for the betterment of your company. Being a good listener will help you in having the skills to analyze different versions while thinking of some news of resolving any issue. 19Sharing of ideas and concepts helps have better communication. With clear communication, you will be able to share your ideas in a more proper fashion, which will, in turn, offer you better chances of getting the right feedback about the effectiveness of your thoughts.Make decisions based on judgmentsFrom the inferences of team activities or other tasks, you can make judgments about the current situations. 20 . These will help with innovation. Innovative ideas must be useful, and decisions based on judgments help in ensuring this.As a result, it will effectively increase your innovation skillsInnovation refers to being creativeDevelop ideas based on factsInnovation means something newHave clear communicationBe open to other points of viewDecisions based on these judgments should be realistic第二部分 英语知识运用第一节 完形填空一（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。ARaegan Lawrence is an 11-year-old student and band member at Bonaire Middle School, in central Georgia, USA. Over the past several months, she has used the grief（悲痛）and stress 21 by the COVID-19 pandemic to 22 her best and help others in the process.The COVID-19 pandemic has been very 23 to Raegan and her family. She lost two of her aunts as well as her great grandfather to the 24 . And she hasn’t been able to visit some of her 25 such as her grandfather.Feeling constantly sad, she 26 to find out what she could do to make things 27 . While thinking about ways she could 28 , her band began to sell “the world’s finest chocolate bars” to raise funds.This gave her a(n) 29 —why not buy the world’s finest chocolate bars to 30 the world’s finest people? In her mind, the finest people in the world are the healthcare workers, firemen, and first responders who have 31 themselves during this pandemic to helping others while putting themselves in 32 .And so she did! While Reagan is typically a 33 person, this did not stop her from promoting sales of her candy bars and then using the money 34 to buy bars for First Responders. She also 35 to take all the money she had in savings from Christmas, her birthday and other gifts to buy chocolate bars for the world’s finest people.In all, Raegan 36 over 400 bars. The first responders that received them were 37 not just for the world’s finest chocolate, but the 38 and caring actions of one of the world’s finest 11-year-old girls! Raegan Lawrence’s story has 39 many others to help those in need during this 40 moment.A. released B. controlled C. damaged D. causedA. bring out B. catch up C. look for D. get overA. typical B. cruel C. strange D. normalA. worm B. virus C. public D. hospitalA. friends B. classmates C. relatives D. doctorsA. hesitated B. struggled C. agreed D. preferredA. better B. higher C. clearer D. heavierA. show B. stay C. share D. helpA. privilege B. excuse C. idea D. advantageA. evaluate B. respect C. reward D. protectA. devoted B. limited C. abandoned D. attachedA. silence B. stress C. comfort D. dangerA. stubborn B. shy C. brave D. patientA. obtained B. borrowed C. found D. changedA. afforded B. refused C. decided D. expectedA. tried out B. stored up C. broke off D. gave awayA. fit B. responsible C. grateful D. famousA. generous B. humorous C. traditional D. honestA. invited B. persuaded C. required D. inspired 40. A. interesting B. challenging C. pleasant D. fruitful 完形填空二（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）BWhile in the army there was nothing I dislike so much as the map-reading course, for the simple reason that I always feel 41 even with a map in my hand. For weeks I had 42 awake at night thinking of the 43 test I would have to face at the end of the course. 44 the evil day arrived. It was my responsibility to lead a small band of soldiers back to camp from the middle of 45 . We were driven out in a(an) 46 lorry(卡车) and left in a ploughed field with 47 to get back to camp as quickly as possible.Well knowing my 48 , the soldiers smiled as they saw me looking at the map and they made all sorts of helpful suggestions. I folded the map up, put in in my pocket, and said that we would 49 east. After walking through the cornfield for over an hour we came to a wide stream. I looked at the map 50 . It seemed to be 51 with masses of thin blue lines. But which 52 line was this stream? In despair, we sat down in the cool 53 and I feel like 54 the map into the water. Fifteen minutes later, a boat passed and I asked the boatman if he could give us a 55 to the nearest village. I 56 that we had been out for a walk and 57 got lost. The boatman invited us on 58 and I felt 59 when he told me that he had helped hundreds of soldiers to pass their map-reading test! Not long 60 , we got off that boat and, following the boatman’s instructions, took a bus into the village and got back to camp.A. stupid B. blind C. puzzled D. lostA. suffered B. lain C. slept D. laidA. basic B. actual C. practical D. specialA. At last B. At once C. As a result D. After allA. village B. downtown C. nowhere D. forestA. closed B. advanced C. ordinary D. damagedA. suggestions B. directions C. information D. instructionsA. weakness B. thought C. task D. strengthA. head B. point C. march D. guideA. gradually B. therefore C. merely D. againA. spread B. painted C. covered D. separatedA. similar B. particular C. correct D. wonderfulA. tent B. shadow C. shore D. shadeA. tearing B. throwing C. striking D. destroyingA. lift B. way C. favor D. serviceA. declared B. pretended C. admitted D. describedA. altogether B. almost C. possible D. somehowA. board B. boat C. purpose D. platformA. afraid B. foolish C. fortunate D. interestedA. ago B. late C. afterwards D. away第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Architect Kéré won the Pritzker Prize, the world’s highest 61. (recognize) in building design. “The 56-year-old Kéré 62. (honor) last Tuesday for his pioneering designs,” said Tom Pritzker, who is the chairman of the Hyatt Foundation. He added, “The architect’s works are sustainable to Earth and its inhabitants.” Kéré is a citizen of both Burkina Faso and Germany and lives in Berlin. He said he was 63. happiest man on the planet 64. (become) the 51st recipient of the famous yearly prize. Kéré is known for building schools, health centers, housing and 65. public places across Africa. He is 66. (equal) an architect and a servant, 67. (improve) the lives and experiences of countless citizens in a region of the world that is at times forgotten.Kéré won special praise for his 2001 project to build a primary school in Gando, the village in 68. he was born. 69. (like) traditional school buildings, which use concrete, Kéré’s creative design combines local clay and cement (水泥) to form bricks. The material helps keep the building cool in the hot environment. A wide metal roof protects the building from rain 70. helps air flow. The success of the project lies in the creation of an extension, a library and teachers’housing in later years.第三节 单句填空（共10题，每小题1分，共10分）71.The tallest buildings in London are small in _________________(compare) with New York’s skyscrapers.72.Hardly _________________ I rested on my couch after a tough day when the phone rang.73.Ninety percent of teachers agree that _________________(involve) parents in their children’s education is a priority at the school.74.The deal is estimated _________________(be) worth around $1.5 million.75.With my mind _________________(fill) with so much work, I almost broke down.76.Initially, it was believed that epidemics pose little threat _________________ the modern world.77.They are faced with a hard choice _________________ they should stay for another day or return home at once.78.This reflects the “China Chic” phenomenon _________________(accept) by the younger generation in recent years.79.He resigned after _________________(suspect) of theft.80.It is often the case _________________ anything is possible for those who hang onto hopes.第三部分 写作（共两节, 满分 35 分）第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分）The mascot (吉祥物) for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games official made its public appearance on Tuesday. It was a cartoon character inspired by giant pandas. The smiling panda is named with Bing Dwen Dwen in Chinese. Colorful circle around its face symbolize skating tracks and 5G technology. Bing, Chinese word for “ice”, shows purity and strength, but Dwen Dwen, means sincerity, liveliness and health—also characteristics of pandas. Perhaps pandas are the animals most easily recognizing by us in China. The mascot combines our traditional culture and how pandas look like with winter sports elements. The image shows our great expect of the Games and that our Chinese welcome the world.第二节 书面表达（满分25分）假设你是李华，受某英文报社委托，就春节期间燃放烟花爆竹的问题在社区进行了一次调查。请你根据以下信息用英语给该报写一篇英语短文，并表达你的观点。内容包括：(1) 调查内容：对春节期间禁止燃放烟花爆竹的看法；(2) 调查范围：你所在的社区；(3) 调查人数：400； (4) 调查方式：访谈；(5) 调查结果：注意：词数 100 左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。A. He lacks creativity.B. He favours competition.C. He works enthusiastically.5. What is a result of Oliver’s over-participation?D. He behaves irresponsibly.A. The team generated more diverse ideas.B. Oliver’s colleagues became less productive.C. Group meetings were more time-consuming. 6. What technique did Oliver employ to fix the issue?D. Oliver’s teammates were inspired to work harder.A. Hearing others’voices.B. Providing specific ideas.C. Strengthening his leadership.D. Building strong relationships.