高中英语高考考点06动词和动词短语--备战2022年高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过
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考点06 动词和动词短语
高考频度:★★★★★
【命题解读】
高考对动词和动词短语的考查主要集中在动词和动词的辨析,尤其是在特定语境中的应用,动词和动词短语的熟词生义等。动词词义辨析题主要考查结合语境区分动词词义的能力,因此我们在平时的学习中应当重视理解句子的本义和引申义,逐步养成琢磨句子的含义以及对语境理解的习惯,为正确运用英语词汇夯实基础。对动词短语的考查形式为语篇型填空中,给出动词,要求考生在射孔出填出与之搭配的介词或者副词。
【命题预测】
预计2021年的高考动词和动词短语考查回呈现复杂化和综合化的特点。
【复习建议】
在学习过程中,要掌握常用动词的基本意义,注意一词多义和旧词新义。另外要多归纳总结,做题时要结合语境。
考向一 常用动词辨析
1.advise,persuade,suggest
advise用作及物动词,表示"劝告,忠告,建议",强调提醒或引起注意;
persuade表示"说服",强调劝说成功,主要搭配是:persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事(相当于persuade sb. into doing sth.);如表示劝说但不一定成功,则使用try to persuade sb.to do sth.或advise sb.to do sth.。
suggest用作及物动词,意为"建议",后接名词、代词、动名词或从句,从句中的谓语用"should+动词原形",should可以省略。
2.bring,take,carry,fetch
bring"带来,拿来,取来",强调从别处带人或物到说话人所在地。
take"拿走,带走",强调把人或物从说话者身边带走,方向与bring相反。
fetch"去拿来,去取来",强调从甲地出发到乙地取物或人后,又回到甲地,相当于go and bring。
carry"携带,搬运,运送",强调用人力或车辆把人或物从一地运到另一地。
3.win,beat,defeat
win表示"赢得,战胜"时,宾语多是比赛项目等。win sb.则指"赢得人心"。
beat/defeat意为"打败,击败",其宾语只能是人或由人组成的机构。如:beat sb.打败某人;defeat their team/ the country/the enemy击败了他们的队/国家/敌人。
beat多用于表示在比赛或争论中战胜对手;
defeat多用于在战争中打败对手。
4.believe,believe in
believe表示"相信,认为",侧重于相信某人说的话或所做事情的真实性,其后可跟名词、代词、不定式的复合结构或宾语从句。
believe in表示"相信,信任,信仰,信奉",其后常接真理、宗教、原则之类的名词。
☞You should believe in yourself and believe that you will succeed one day. 你应该相信自己,并且相信某天你将会成功的。
5.book,order
二者都有"订购,预订"之意,但book指订各种"票,座位";而order指"餐馆订饭、菜,定做衣服,订货"等,常用结构:place an order for sth. with sb.向某人订购某物。
对比:book a ticket/two seats/a double room订一张票/两个座位/一个双人间;order four dishes/ lunch要四个菜/订好午饭。
☞He booked a table for four and ordered six dishes. 他订了一张四人桌,并且要了六个菜。
6.choose,select,elect
choose表示"选择,挑选",有时也表示"推选,选举",但一般表示范围很小、普通的选择,没有elect正式。 select表示"(精心地)挑选,选定",具有"精选"之意。
elect表示"选举",指较大范围的正式的选举。
7.disturb,interrupt
disturb是及物动词,有"打扰,扰乱,使人心神不安"之意。常用短语:
disturb the sleeping child/one’s plan/the public peace打扰睡觉的孩子/打乱计划/扰乱社会治安;
be mentally disturbed精神上受到影响;be disturbed about对……感到不安。
interrupt有"打断,打扰"之意,侧重打断。常用短语:
interrupt the supplies中断供应
interrupt one’s speech打断演讲
8.hurt,injure,wound,harm
hurt是一般用语,指精神或肉体上受到的伤害,有较强烈的"疼痛"意味;
injure比hurt更正式,常指意外事故对身体或精神上的"损害,损伤";
wound主要指外界暴力引起身体创伤,尤指战争中受的刀、枪、剑等伤;
harm指对人的肉体或精神带来伤害,特指伤及一个人或其心态、健康、权利、事业等,使之产生痛苦、损失或任何不幸遭遇。
9.miss,lose
miss意为"未能赶上(抓住),错过,失去,漏掉"。而lose意为"丢失,迷失方向,迷路"。
10.fit,be fit for,be fit to,suit
fit用作及物或不及物动词,表示"(衣服等)合适,使合身";
be fit for是形容词短语,表示"适合的,能胜任的",for后接名词或动名词;
befit to表示"适合,能胜任",to是动词不定式符号,后接动词原形。suit指颜色、款式的"适合",而fit指尺寸、大小的"合适"。
11.save,spare
save意为"储蓄,节省",指把钱、时间及其他东西储蓄起来以备将来用,或指节省东西,避免浪费,也指"救命"。而spare意为"省",指细心地省下或节省钱、时间、力气等,常表示省出一部分以留作他用。
12.seat,sit
seat是及物动词,意思是"使坐下",可以接人作宾语,还可以用于被动语态。常见搭配有:seat sb.使某人坐下;seat oneself自己坐下;be seated=sit down坐好。而sit是不及物动词,不能带宾语。
1.(2019·江苏卷·单项填空)34.A city is the product of the human hand and mind, __________ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A. resembling B. reflecting C. reviewing D. restoring
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意:城市是人类的双手和思想的产物,反映了人的智慧和创造力。resembling像;reflecting反映;reviewing回顾;restoring恢复,根据题意,故选B。
2.(2018·新课标I卷·完形填空)During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I 41 the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn’t want to 42 a few dollars?
41. A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down
42. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay
41.B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。我在大二时,学校教育处提供一种名叫思维象棋的免费课程,这个课程3个学分。我急于接收这个课程,是因为我想节省点钱。put forward提出; jumped at急于接收;tried out尝试;turned down拒绝。故选B。
42.C 【解析】考查动词辨析。我在大二时,学校教育处提供一种名叫思维象棋的免费课程,这个课程3个学分。我急于接收这个课程,是因为我想节省点钱。waste浪费;earn赚钱; save节省;pay付钱。故选C。
考向二 考查同根介词或副词动词短语的辨析
使用频率较高的这类动词有:call,cut,come,go,get,go,look,put,set,turn,take,pay,pick,make等。常见的介词或副词有:in,off,out,up,away,for,on,over等。
1.动词+ away构成的短语动词有:
throw away扔掉 put away把……收拾好 give away捐赠,分发
carry away运走 run away 潜逃,跑开 go away 走开
2.动词+ for构成的短语动词有:
answer for负责 provide for供给 all for要求
plan for打算,为……计划hope for希望,期待 ask for索取,寻找
send for派人去请 go for努力获取 pay for偿还,赔偿
3.动词+on构成的短语动词有:
try on试穿,试验 put on穿上,上演 have on穿着,戴着
pull on穿,戴 hold on不挂断,坚持,继续 carry on继续开展,坚持
keep on继续 go on继续 get on上(车)
4.动词+over构成的短语动词有:
come over过来 hand over移交 go over仔细检查,复习
get over克服,恢复 look over检查 think over仔细考虑
take over接受,接管 hand over 移交 turn over翻转
5.动词+ up构成的短语动词有:
bring up抚育,培养 call up召唤,打电话给 come up走上前来,长出
cut up切碎 fix up修理 give up放弃;go up 上升,增长
grow up 长大 look up尊敬,向上看,查寻 make up虚构,弥补,组成
put up举起,搭建 set up建立,创(纪录) pick up 捡起,(开车)接某人,偶然得到
send up发射 show up 揭露,露面 turn up出现,把……调高一点
6.动词+out构成的短语动词有:
come out出来 go out出去,熄灭 look out留神,当心
walk out走出 set out出发,开始 put out扑灭,生产
give out发出,发表 hand out分发 pick out挑选
find out找出,发现 speak out大声地说 turn out生产,结果是
get out出去,离开 carry out实行,执行 work out计算出,解决,实行,行得通
bring out出版 start out 出发,动身。
1.(2020.全国I卷·完形填空)One day they’ll 47 and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a lie .
47. A. win out B. give up C. wake up D. stand out
47. C 根据此空后的 discover 以及事情发展的逻辑顺序可知,孩子们终有一天会“醒悟”并终有一天会发现父母关于“门”的说法是一个“谎言”。
2. (2020.全国I卷·完形填空)What if later in life they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity (机会) of some sort, and instead of opening the door and taking the opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder, “What if it isn’t a door?”
56. A. get hold of B. stare at C. knock on D. make use of
56. B 根据空后的 it and wonder, “What if it isn’t a door?” That is, “What if it isn’t a 57 opportunity?”可知,孩子们产生了怀疑,并没有抓住机会,只是“盯着”那扇“门”。
3. (2020.天津卷·单项选择)8. I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother ______ him.
A. drank a toast to B. played a joke on
C. kept an eye on D. made an apology to
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我不在的时候从不担心我的儿子,因为我母亲会照看他。A. drank a toast to为……干杯;B. played a joke on开……的玩笑;C. kept an eye on照看,留意,密切注视;D. made an apology to向……道歉。因为母亲会“照看”我的儿子,所以“我”不在的时候从来不担心孩子。C选项符合语境,故选C。
2. (2020.天津卷·单项选择)13. We can’t ______ buying a new printer for our company. The one we have doesn’t work.
A. take up B. carry out C. keep on D. put off
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们不能推迟为公司买一台新打印机。我们现在的那个不运转了。A. take up占据; B. carry out实施;C. keep on 继续;D. put off推迟。根据“the one we have doesn’t work”可知,我们平时用的打印机不运转了。所以,我们必须马上买一台新打印机。即:我们不能“推迟”买打印机。故选D。
考向三 常见同根动词短语辨析
1.bring
bring in引进,挣得 bring about引起,导致
bring up养育,培养,呕吐,提出 bring out使展现,推出(书等)
bring down降低,使倒下 bring back把……带回来,使忆起
bring forth结果,生产,产生 bring forward提出,提前
bring off圆满完成(困难之事)
2.break
break down崩溃,瓦解,垮掉,失败,分解 break up打碎,分解,分开,结束,制止
break through逾越,突破,冲破 break away(from)挣脱,脱离
break out爆发 break in破门而入
break into进入建筑物以便行窃,突然发出,打扰 break off折断,中断
3.come
come about发生 come out结果出来,出版,开花
come across偶遇,被理解 come true变为现实
come up走上前,被提出,走近 come along一起来
come up with产生,发现(解决办法等)
4.give
give up放弃 give in屈服,呈交
give out 用尽,耗尽,分发,公布,发表
give off发出 give away颁发,赠送,送掉,捐赠
5.go
go against违背,与……不符,对……不利 go without勉强维持,凑合
go in for爱好,参加,从事 go by过去,依据,按照
go on继续,发生 go over复习,仔细审查,走近
go ahead 进行 go through 从头到尾地阅读,经历
go away走开,外出度假,消失 go for去取来或接来,争取得到
6.keep
keep away(from)使远离 keep back 扣除,保留,隐瞒不讲
keep off 避开 keep on继续
keep out 挡在外边,请勿靠近 keep up保持,不低落,持续,继续
keep up with跟上 keep down抑制(以防其增长)
7.look
look ahead向前看 look about环顾
look back回忆,回顾 look out当心,找出
look up向上看,查阅,看望 look down upon看不起
look through翻阅 look into调查,向内看
look after照看,负责处理 look on旁观
look forward to盼望 look round寻找,边走边看,观光
8.put
put back放回原处,拨回,阻碍,推迟 put down平定,镇压,记下
put away将事物放置于惯常保存之处,储蓄 put forward提出(计划、建议),拨快,提前
put off延期 put on穿戴,上映
put out扑灭,生产 put up举起,张贴
9.take
take in吸收 take for 误认为
take out 拿出 take down 放下
take up从事,拿起,占据 take off 飞机起飞,脱下,休假,成功
take by攻占 take after像
take along 随身携带 take away带走,拿走,使离去
take back 收回,退回(所购商品) take charge 负责,掌管
take on呈现,雇佣 take out拿出,带……出去
take over 接管,接任
1. (2019·北京卷·完形填空)He asks you questions and actually remembers the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he'll ___21___ those things.
A. act on B. settle on C. check on D. agree on
【答案】C
【解析】句意:在坐车的时候,Wilson会问这些学生问题,然后记住答案。下一次这些学生再坐车的时候,
Wilson会检查(check on)上次提到的这些东西。该句指的是在乘车期间,Wilson会利用这个机会了解考查学生们的学习情况。故C选项正确。
2.(2018·江苏卷·单项填空) Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which _______ a clear road map and timetable.
A. calls for B. calls on
C. calls off D. calls up
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意:发展长江经济带是一项需要清晰的路线图和时间表的系统工程。A. calls for需要;B. calls on号召;C. calls off取消;D. calls up使想起。故选A。
10.turn
turn back折回,掉转头 turn away转身,走开,打发走 turn out结果是,赶出,生产,制造
turn down 拒绝,调小 turn off 关掉 turn over翻过来,移交
turn in上交(作业等),拐入 turn into变成,翻译 turn on打开,取决于
turn to求助于,翻到 turn up调大,出现
Tom had to______ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
A. turn in B. turn down
C. turn over D. turn to
【答案】B
【解析】句意:上个周汤姆不得不拒绝宴会的邀请,因为他太忙了。turn in 上交; turn down拒绝; turn over 移交; turn to求助。根据句意可知选B。
题组一 基础过关
I.单项填空
1.A sign of a liar is that his eyes are always __________, that’s to say, he doesn’t dare to look into your eyes.
A. disagreeing B. wondering C. reflecting D. wandering
2.The government will set up a group to__________ways to improve the people’s living standard.
A. run into B. get into C. look into D. break into
3.The visiting president answered journalists’ questions, saying the two countries should seek common ground and __________differences on many problems.
A. examine B. explore C. assume D. reserve
4.You might__________deer or horses as you walk through the farmland, where many animals live.
A. come up B. come through
C. come across D. come over
5.We all__________Wang Yaping as an example of a woman who managed to fulfil her dream.
A. look forward to B. look back
C. look up to D. look over
6.They kept trying, and their efforts finally __________.
A. make it B. paid off
C. are made it D. are paid off
7.In Britain today, women__________44% of the workforce, and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work.
A. take up B. make up
C. pick up D. give up
8.—It’s a good idea. But who’s going to __________the plan?
—I think Tom and Mike will.
A. carry out B. get through
C. take in D. set aside
9.As a student, I want to use my creativity to__________ possible solutions to the problems I meet with.
A. explain B. express C. ignore D. explore
10.The policy of reducing the price of bus services provides you with a cheap way to __________.
A. get through B. get across
C. get over D. get around
题组二 能力提升
单项选择
1.(2020·江苏省常熟中学高三三模)The student said there were a few points in the essay he_________impossible to comprehend.
A.has found B.was finding C.had found D.would find
2.(2020·江苏省高三三模)—How will she behave in case of our failure?
—She’ll put the blame on us if it_______badly.
A.turns up B.turns down C.turns off D.turns out
3.(2020·鸡西市第一中学校高二期末)Kathy _________ a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls.
A.picked up B.took up
C.made up D.turned up
4.(2020·江苏省高三三模)—Gosh, I feel I have messed up my whole life.
—Cheer up. Things will _______.
A.hold out B.work out C.stand out D.set out
5.(2020·江苏省常熟中学高三三模)The government is__________efforts so as to strengthen skills training for rural migrant workers.
A.picking up B.stepping up C.holding up D.breaking up
6.(2020·广东省高一期末)Dozens were killed while fighting a fire that ______ this summer.
A.broke in B.broke out C.broke up D.broke down
7.(2020·江苏省高三三模)To get a better grade, you should ________the notes again before the test.
A.go over B.get over
C.turn over D.take over
8.(2020·江苏省高三三模)(2015•湖北) Don’t worry. I’m sure your missing glasses will ___________ sooner or later.
A.stand out B.break up
C.get out D.turn up
9.(2020·江苏省启东中学高三月考)When the student wearing masks _______ Teng for a handshake, the president refused and gestured for her to get off the stage.
A.reached out to B.caught up with
C.made up for D.took hold of
10.(2020·湖北省武昌实验中学高二月考)—This is the third time he has got the first place in the test !
—In my opinion,he is, ________,one of the best students in the class.
A.out of the question B.out of place
C.out of question D.out of shape
11.(2020·江苏省高三三模)—The photography he snapped on the summit of Huangshan has won the first prize.
—No surprise. He has an artistic discrimination in beauty and always has his camera ready _________ he sees something that will make a good picture.
A.even if B.if only C.in case D.so that
12.(2020·江苏省高三三模)—At last they resorted to court for this dispute.
—That is it. Where negotiations fail, they have to _________ the law.
A.shy away from B.look forward to
C.fall back on D.make allowance for
题组三 体验真题
1.(2020·江苏卷单项填空)There will still be lots of challenges if we are to _____ garbage in a short time.
A. clarify B. justify C. satisfy D. classify
2. The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, ______ a new generation of virtual reality.
A. allowing for B. accounting for C. calling for D. compensating for
3.(2020·天津卷单项填空)I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother ______ him.
A.drank a toast to B.played a joke on
C.kept an eye on D.made an apology to
4.(2020·天津卷单项填空)We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she ______, saying that she felt like walking.
A.understood B.accepted C.compromised D.declined
5.(2020·天津卷单项填空)We can’t ______ buying a new printer for our company. The one we have doesn’t work.
A.take up B.carry out C.keep on D.put off
6.(2020·天津卷单项填空)We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she ______, saying that she felt like walking.
A.understood B.accepted C.compromised D.declined
7.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】34.A city is the product of the human hand and mind, __________ man's intelligence and creativity.
A. resembling B. reflecting C. reviewing D. restoring
8.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】9.Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't ___________ what he was saying.
A. set aside B. take back
C. make out D. keep off
9. (2019·北京卷·完形填空)He asks you questions and actually remembers the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he'll ___21___ those things.
A. act on B. settle on C. check on D. agree on
10.【2018·天津】8. It took him a long time to___________ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.
A. display B. acquire C. teach D. test
11.【2018·天津】3. At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he___________ as she was so confidence about her skills.
A. gave in B. dressed up C. broke in D. turned up
12.【2018·江苏】25. Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which _______ a clear road map and timetable.
A. calls for B. calls on C. calls off D. calls up
13.【2018·江苏】22. Kids shouldn’t have access to violent films because they might _______ the things they see.
A. indicate B. investigate C. imitate D. innovate
题组一基础过关
单项填空
1. 【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意:说谎者的一个标志是他的眼睛总是游离不定,也就是说,他不敢直视你的眼睛。 disagree"不同意";wonder"想知道";reflect"反射";wander"徘徊,漫步,走神"。故选D。
2. 【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:政府将成立一个组去研究提高人民生活水平的方法。run into"偶然遇见";get into"进入";look into"调查,研究";break into"闯入"。
3. 【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意:来访的总统在答记者问时说,在许多问题上,两国应当求同存异。examine"检查";explore"探索":assume"假设";reserve"保留"。
4. 【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:在穿过农场时,你可能会碰到鹿或马,那儿有很多动物。come up"出现,到来";come through"安然度过";come across"(偶然)碰见";come over"来访,拜访"。
5. 【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:王亚平作为一个妇女的典范受到我们所有人的尊敬,她努力实现了自己的梦想。look up to sb.表示"尊敬某人"。
6. 【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:他们一直努力,而且他们的努力终于奏效了。make it"成功,到达",无被动形式,排除C项;A项时态错误;pay off意为"(计划等)奏效"时,也没有被动形式。故选B项。
7. 【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:如今的英国劳动力中,女性占了44%,而且近一半的有孩子的母亲在工作赚钱。make up"构成",符合句意。take up"开始从事(新的工作),占据(一定的时间或空间)"; pick up"捡起,接收";give up"放弃"。
8. 【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语的辨析。句意:——那是一个好主意,但是谁将去执行这个计划呢?——我认为Tom和Mike可以。表示"执行"应该用carry out;而get through 意为"接通,顺利通过",take in意为"吸入,欺骗",set aside意为"把……放到一边",都不符合语境。
9. 【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。explain"解释";express"表达";ignore"忽略";explore"探索"。句意:作为一名学生,我想用我的创造力去探索可能的方式来解决我遇到的问题。
10. 【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。get through"通过,到达,做完,接通电话,熬过(困难时期等)";get across"(使)被了解";get over"克服,恢复";get around"到处走动,传播"。句意:降低公交服务价格的政策给你提供了一种便宜的方式去旅游。
题组二 能力提升
1.【答案】C
【解析】考查时态。句意:那个学生说文章中有几点他觉得无法理解。分析本句可知,本句为含有宾语从句there were a few points in the essay,定语从句he _________impossible to comprehend.的复合句,其中a few points为先行词,在定语从句中做宾语。主句的时态为一般过去时,所以从句的时态要和主句保持一致。因为find在say之前,所以find用过去完成时。选项C符合题意。故选C。
2.【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:——万一我们失败了,她会怎么做? ——如果结果不好,她会归罪于我们的。A. turns up出现;B. turns down拒绝;C. turns off关掉;D. turns out结果是。根据She’ll put the blame on us可知这里指的是“结果不好”。故选D。
3.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:通过和当地男孩和女孩玩耍,Mary学会了许多西班牙语。A. picked up捡起,获得,,学会,使恢复精神,,加快,,看到,随便地认识;B. took up开始从事;接受(提议);占用;C. made up构成,编造;化妆;弥补,和解;D. turned up翻起;出现;(尤指失去后偶然)被发现;根据句意可知,Mary是通过和当地孩子一起玩的时候学会了许多西班牙语。故选A。
4.【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:——天哪,我觉得我把我的一生都搞砸了。——振作起来。事情会解决的。A. hold out维持、提供机会;B. work out得到解决方法、进展顺利;C. stand out突出;D. set out出发。由语境可知,说话的一方说自己把一生都搞砸了,说话的另一方安慰他,事情会解决的/进展顺利。故选B项。
5.【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:政府正在加大力度,加强对农民工的技能培训。A. picking up拾起,接收;B. stepping up加快步伐;C. holding up举起,阻挡;D. breaking up破裂,分手。根据“so as to strengthen skills training for rural migrant workers.”可知,政府正在加大力度。故选B。
6.【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:几十人在与今年夏天爆发的火灾的搏斗中丧生。A. broke in强行进入;B. broke out爆发;C. broke up破裂;D. broke down分解,崩溃。根据fighting a fire可知,此处用“爆发”符合语境,故选B项。
7.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:为了得到一个更好的分数,你应该在考试前把笔记好好地再复习一遍。A. go over复习,重温,仔细检查;B. get over克服,恢复,熬过,原谅;C. turn over移交给,翻阅,把……翻过来;D. take over接管,接收。根据句意可知,要选择一个“复习”的词义。故选A。
8.【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语。句意:别担心。我相信你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现的。A. stand out突出;B. break up结束,解散,分手;C. get out出去,出版,被泄露;D. turn up出现,露面。丢失的眼镜迟早会再次出现。故选D。
9.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:当这个带着口罩的学生伸手去和Teng握手时,总统拒绝了,并示意她下台。A. reached out to把手伸向;B. caught up with追上;C. made up for弥补;D. took hold of抓住。根据句意,尤其for a handshake可知此处用“把手伸向”符合语境,故选A项。
10.【答案】C
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:---这是第三次他在测试中拿到第一名。---在我看来,他毋庸置疑是班里头最好的学生之一。A. out of the question 不可能;B. out of place 不合适;C. out of question 毫无疑问;D. out of shape 走样。分析句子,根据前句提到的“他第三次在测试中拿到第一名”可知,他毫无疑问是班里最好的学生之一。故选C项。
11.【答案】C
【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意:——他在黄山山顶拍摄的照片获得了一等奖。——不惊讶。他对美有艺术鉴赏力,总是把相机准备好,以防看到能拍出好照片的东西。A. even if即使;B. if only要是……就好了;C. in case以防、以免;D. so that以便于……/以至于……。由句意可知,把相机备好是为了以防看到能拍出好照片的东西,应由in case引导条件状语从句,表示“假如,以防”。故选C项。
12.【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:——最后他们为这场纠纷诉诸法庭。——就是这样。如果谈判失败,他们就不得不求助于法律。A. shy away from回避,退缩;B. look forward to期待;C. fall back on依赖,求助于;D. make allowance for体谅,考虑到。结合后文the law可知此处指谈判失败,求助于(fall back on)法律。故选C。
题组三 体验真题
1.【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果我们要在短时间内对垃圾进行分类,仍然会有很多挑战。A. clarify澄清;B. justify证明;C. satisfy 满足;D. classify分类。根据空后garbage可知,此处指“对垃圾进行分类”。故选D。
2. 【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:6G的速度将超过125 GB/s,使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。A. allowing for使……成为可能,促进……的发生;B. accounting for解释;C. calling for需要,要求;呼吁;D. compensating for补偿。根据空前The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s可知,125 GB/s 的6G速度将使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。故选A。
3.【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我不在的时候从不担心我的儿子,因为我母亲会照看他。A. drank a toast to为……干杯;B. played a joke on开……的玩笑;C. kept an eye on照看,留意,密切注视;D. made an apology to向……道歉。因为母亲会“照看”我的儿子,所以“我”不在的时候从来不担心孩子。C选项符合语境,故选C。
4.【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们提出Sharon回家,但她拒绝了,说她想步行回去。A. understood 理解;B. accepted接受;C. compromised妥协;D. declined谢绝。根据“saying that she felt like walking”可知,Sharon想自己回家,所以她“谢绝”了我们的提议。故选D。
5.【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们不能推迟为公司买一台新打印机。我们现在的那个不运转了。A. take up占据;B. carry out实施;C. keep on 继续;D. put off推迟。根据“the one we have doesn’t work”可知,我们平时用的打印机不运转了。所以,我们必须马上买一台新打印机。即:我们不能“推迟”买打印机。故选D。
6.【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们提出Sharon回家,但她拒绝了,说她想步行回去。A. understood 理解;B. accepted接受;C. compromised妥协;D. declined谢绝。根据“saying that she felt like walking”可知,Sharon想自己回家,所以她“谢绝”了我们的提议。故选D。
7.【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意:城市是人类的双手和思想的产物,反映了人的智慧和创造力。resembling像;reflecting反映;reviewing回顾;restoring恢复,根据题意,故选B。
8.【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词组辨析。句意: 凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音,但她听不清他在说什么。set aside“存储,留出”; take back“收回,拿回”;make out“辨认出,理解,了解”; keep off“(使)避开”。故选C。
9.【答案】C
【解析】句意:在坐车的时候,Wilson会问这些学生问题,然后记住答案。下一次这些学生再坐车的时候,
Wilson会检查(check on)上次提到的这些东西。该句指的是在乘车期间,Wilson会利用这个机会了解考查学生们的学习情况。故C选项正确。
10.【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意:他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需的技能。A display显示;B. acquire获得;C. teach教;D. test测试。故选B。
11.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意:起初,罗伯特不愿让他女儿去潜水,但最终他让步了,因为她对她的技能是如此的有把握。A. gave in屈服,让步;B. dressed up打扮;C. broke in闯入;打断;D. turned up出现。根据转折词but及原因as she was so confident about her skills.可知,最终他让步了。故选A。
12.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意:发展长江经济带是一项需要清晰的路线图和时间表的系统工程。A. calls for需要;B. calls on号召;C. calls off取消;D. calls up使想起。故选A。
13.【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意:孩子不应该接触暴力电影,因为他们也许会模仿他们所见的事情。A. indicate指示;B. investigate调查;C. imitate模仿;D. innovate改革。故选C。
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