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高中英语高考解密09 名词性从句 （学生版）-—【高频考点解密】2021年山东新高考英语二轮复习讲义+分层训练
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这是一份高中英语高考解密09 名词性从句 （学生版）-—【高频考点解密】2021年山东新高考英语二轮复习讲义+分层训练，共25页。
解密09名词性从句
考点详解
【命题解读】
1.了解名词性从句的基本用法，掌握名词性从句的引导词及引导词在名词性从句中的作用，辨析that与what,if
与whether等引导词的用法。
2.明确it作形式主语和形式宾语、代替主语从句及宾语从句的用法，及其与强调句的区别。
3.区分that引导的同位语从句及定语从句。
【命题预测】
预计今后高考对名词性从句的考查仍然不会单纯地考查其语法结构，而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。
【复习建议】
1. 掌握宾语从句的用法；
2. 了解同位语从句的用法；
3. 掌握表语从句的用法；
4. 掌握主语从句的用法；
5. 如何正确选择引导词。
考向1 主语从句
主语从句是在复合句中担任主语的句子。其特点有：
（1）引导词：
从属连词 that, whether；
连接代词 wh, what, which；
whever, whatever, whichever;
连接副词 when, where, hw和why。
（2）语序：陈述句语序
（3）在主语从句中只能用whether,不能用if
That he will win the match is certain.
It is certain that he will win the match.
1. 一般来说主语从句都是放在句首，但有时为了使句子保持平衡，避免"头重脚轻",常用it 作形式主语，从
而把主语从句放后面。常以it作形式主语的句型有：
①It is＋形容词＋that...
☞It is certain that she will d well in her exam．
毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。
②It is＋名词词组(n wnder，an hnur，a gd thing，a pity，n surprise，cmmn knwledge，a surprise，
a fact，etc．)＋that...
☞It’s a pity that we can’t g．
很遗憾我们不能去。
③It is＋过去分词(said，reprted，thught，expected，decided，annunced，arranged，etc．)＋that...
☞It has been suggested that much shuld be dne t prevent the river frm being plluted．
有人建议应做更多的工作阻止河流遭受污染。
④It appears/seems that...|It happens that...|It ccurred t me that...|It turned ut that...
☞It turned ut that nbdy remembered the address．
结果发现没人记得这地址。
⑤It desn’t matter that...|It makes n difference that...
☞It desn’t matter whether she will cme r nt．
她是否来这无关紧要。
2. 当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。
☞Des it matter much that they will nt cme tmrrw？
他们明天不来很要紧吗？
3. 当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。
☞Hw strange it is that the children are s quiet！孩子们这么安静真奇怪！
1.（2020.江苏卷.单项填空）It is nt a prblem _____ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter f time.
A. whetherB. whyC. whenD. where
【答案】A
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。A. whether是否；B. why为什么；C. when什么时候；D. where在哪里。根据下文it’s just a matter f time可知，此处指”我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题”，it是形式主语，whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故选A。
(2018·天津卷·单项填空)The gld medal will be awarded ___________t wins the first place in the bicycle race.
A. whmever B. whereverC. whever D. whatever
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名，金牌将授予他。分析句子可知，宾语从句中缺少主语，故用whever，表示“任何人，无论谁”。故选C。
3.（2017·北京卷·单项填空）Every year, _______ makes the mst beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A. whatever B. whever C. whmever D. whichever
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，________ makes the mst beautiful kite作主语，且所填词指人，既作从句的主语又作主句的主语，所以选 whever(whmever不能作主语)。句意：每年， 在风筝节上风筝做得最漂亮的人都会赢得奖品。
4.（2016·江苏卷·单项填空）It is ften the case ____________ anything is pssible fr thse wh hang n t hpe.
A. whyB. whatC. asD. that
【参考答案】D
【答案解析】考查主语从句。本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是连接词that引导的主语从句，连接词that在本句中不充当任何成分，只是一个引导词而已，不能省略。连接副词why要在句中作状语，连接代词what通常在句中作主语、宾语或表语等；as通常不引导名词性从句。句意：对于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事实。故D正确。
【归纳总结】
主语从句的规律
规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓语在后。
例1.When will he cme is nt knwn.
正：When he will cme is nt knwn.
规律二、连词that 在从句中无实际意义，但不能省略。
例2. He will nt cme t the meeting this evening is true.
正：That he will nt cme t the meeting this evening is true.
规律三、whether 可以引导主语从句，放在句首，但if不能
例3. If the meeting will be put ff has nt been decided yet.
正： Whether the meeting will be put ff has nt been decided yet.
规律四、主语从句的谓语动词多用单数第三人称形式。
例4. When he will cme are a puzzle.
正：When he will cme is a puzzle.
考向2 表语从句
表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。
一、引导表语从句的关联词的种类：
1. 可接表语从句的连系动词有be，lk，seem，sund，appear等。
☞China is n lnger what she used t be. 今日的中国不再是过去的中国了。
☞The questin remains whether they will be able t help us. 问题还是他们能否帮我们。
☞At that time，it seemed as if I culdn't think f the right wrd.
当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
2. 从属连词whether，as，as if / thugh引导的表语从句。
☞He lked just as he had lked ten years befre. 他看起来还与十年前一样。
☞It sunds as if smene is kncking at the dr. 听起来好像有人在敲门。
3. because，why引导的表语从句。
☞That's because he didn't understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我。（That's because...强调原因）
☞That's why he gt angry with me. 那正是他对我生气的原因。（That's why...强调结果）
4. 连接代词wh，whm，whse，what，which，whever，whatever，whichever
连接副词 where，when，hw，why
☞The prblem is wh we can get t replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
☞The questin is hw he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。
☞That was what she did this mrning n reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
5. 从属连词that
☞The truble is that I have lst his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。
【归纳拓展】
学习表语从句应该注意以下几点。
(1)通常只用that引导表语从句的情况。
①句子的主语为the reasn时，表语从句采用that引导，表示原因，此时不用because。
☞The reasn why she was ill was that she had eaten bad meat．
她生病的原因是她吃了变质的肉。
②句子的主语为the result时，表语从句采用that引导。
☞The result is that many f them becme fat．
结果是他们中许多人发胖了。
③由why引导的从句作主语时。
☞Why we decided t put ff the match is that the weather was t terrible．
我们决定推迟比赛的原因是天气太糟糕了。
(2)as if/thugh引导的表语从句通常置于系动词lk，seem，sund，be等后面；表语从句既可以采用虚拟语
气，也可采用直陈语气。
①It sunded as if smebdy was kncking at/n the dr．听起来好像有人在敲门。
②She treats him as if he were a stranger．她待他如陌生人。
1.(2018·北京卷·单项填空) Withut his supprt, we wuldn’t be _________ we are nw.
A. hw B. when C. where D. why
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】考查名词性从句。句意：没有他的支持，我们是不会在现在这个位置的。hw表方式，when表时间，where表地点，why表原因。“_________ we are nw”是表语从句，结合句子的意思可知，该处指我们所处的位置，故该从句应用where引导。C选项正确。
2.（2016·北京卷·单项填空） The mst pleasant thing f the rainy seasn is ________ ne can be entirely free frm dust.
A. whatB. thatC. whetherD. why
【参考答案】 B
【试题解析】 考查表语从句。句意：雨季最令人愉悦的就是人们可以完全不再受到灰尘的困扰。is后跟从句作表语，即表语从句，表语从句不缺少主语、谓语和宾语，因此用that，that只起引导作用，故选B。
考向3 宾语从句
【难点梳理】
引导宾语从句的连接词主要有：
连接词：that，whether，if等
连接代词：what，wh，whse，whatever，whichever，whever等
连接副词：when，where，why，hw等
1. 连接词that，whether，if引导
☞I think (that) yu shuld turn t the teacher fr help. 我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
☞I dn’t knw if/whether he still lives here after s many years. 我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
2. 连接代词what，wh，whse，whatever，whichever，whever等引导
☞She asked me whse handwriting was the best in the class. 她问我班上谁的书法最好。
☞I’ll just say whatever cmes int my mind. 我想到什么就说什么。
3. 连接副词when，where，why，hw等引导
☞D yu knw when the ancient Olympic Games began?
你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗?
☞I’ve been thinking abut hw we can make the newspaper mre interesting.
我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更用趣。
4. 宾语从句的语序
在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。
☞He asked me when we culd set ut the next day. 他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。
☞Did yu find ut where she lst her car? 你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗?
5. 宾语从句的时态
（1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。
☞She says (that) she wrks frm Mnday t Friday. 她说她周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)
☞she says (that) she will leave a message n his desk.
她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)
☞She says (that) she has never been t Munt Emei.
她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)
（2）当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。
☞He said there were n classes yesterday afternn.
他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)
☞He said that he was ging t take care f the baby.
他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)
☞He said that they were having a meeting at that time.
他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)
（3）当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍旧用一般现在时。
☞The teacher tld us that nthing is difficult if we put ur hearts int it.
老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。
☞He said that light travels much faster than sund. 他说光比声音传播得快。
注意：学习宾语从句应该注意以下几点。
(1)引导宾语从句的连词that一般可以省略，但是在及物动词之后跟有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有
第一个that可以省略。
☞Glancing at her scrnfully，he tld her(that) the dress was sld．
他轻蔑地看了她一眼，告诉她说那件衣服卖了。
☞The teacher said (that) the text was very imprtant and that we shuld learn it by heart．
老师说课文非常重要，我们应该背下来。
(2)表示＂心理活动＂的形容词：afraid，anxius，aware，ashamed，annyed，certain，cnfident，cntent，
cnvinced，determined，disappinted，glad，happy，prud，pleased，sure，surprised，satisfied，thankful，
wrried等可以后接宾语从句。
☞He was afraid that he wuld lse．他担心会输。
☞I am sure that I put the mney in the bx．我肯定把钱放在盒子里了。
(3)若主句谓语动词为think，cnsider，suppse，believe，expect，fancy，guess，imagine等，其后的宾语从
句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式，这种现象称为＂否定转移＂
现象(此时主语往往为第一人称，偶尔为第三人称；否定词never，seldm，hardly，little无此用法)。
☞I dn’t think his decisin is wise in reality．实际上，我觉得他的决定并不明智。
☞I dn’t believe that he is a dishnest man．我认为他是个诚实的人。
(4)在think，believe，imagine，suppse，guess，hpe等动词以及I’m afraid之后，可以采用s代替一个肯
定的宾语从句，也可以采用nt代替否定的宾语从句。
☞—D yu believe the news stries？＂你相信这个新闻故事吗？＂
—I believe s．＂我相信。＂
☞—Has Anne gt int university？＂安妮上大学了吗？＂
—I am afraid nt．＂恐怕是没有。＂
【巧学妙记】
1.（2020.天津卷二.单项填空） My grandmther helped me believe that I culd accmplish ____________ I put my mind t.
A. wheneverB. whateverC. whereverD. whichever
【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我的祖母让我相信，我可以完成任何我专心去做的事情。A. whenever无论何时；B. whatever 无论什么，任何；C. wherever无论何地；D. whichever无论哪一个。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句连接词，从句缺少宾语，应用连接代词，再结合句意，此处用“任何”符合语境，故选B项。
2.（2018·全国新课标卷II·短文改错）The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned ut t be very useful later in my life.
【参考答案】where改为when
【答案解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：当我是个孩子的时候我父母教给我的纸牌游戏在我日后的生活中证明非常有用。宾语从句连接词并不是表示地点状语，而是时间状语。故把where改为when。
3.（2018·全国新课标卷III·语法填空）I'm nt sure _____61_____ is mre frightened, me r the female grilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears ut f nwhere. I'm walking n a path in the frest in the Central African Republic.
【参考答案】which/wh
【答案解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定哪一个更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示选择，所以用which或者wh”
4. (2017·天津卷·单项填空) She asked me ________ I had returned the bks t the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.
A. when B. where
C. whether D. what
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】考查宾语从句。根据“…I admitted that I hadn't.”可知书还没还给图书馆，因此此处问的是是否(whether)已经还了。故选C项。句意：她问我是否已将那些书还给了图书馆，我承认没还。
5.（2016·全国新课标卷I·短文改错）My uncle is the wner f a restaurant clse t that I live.
【参考答案】that → where
【答案解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。介词后面的宾语从句缺少状语，根据句意判断此处表示地点。故把that改为where。
考向4 同位语从句
在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它一般放在fact, news, idea, truth, hpe, prblem, infrmatin, belief, thught, dubt, prmise, questin等抽象名词的后面，对前面的名词作进一步的解释，说明前面名词的具体含义。
1. 同位语从句的引导词选择原则
☞The hpe that he may recver is nt gne yet.他不是没有恢复的希望。
☞The prblem whether we shuld cntinue t d the experiment has been slved.
我们是否继续做这个实验的问题已经被解决。
2. 同位语从句的几种特殊情况
（1）当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。
☞The stry ges that William Tell killed the king with an arrw.
故事是这样的：威廉姆特尔用一支利箭杀死了国王。
（2）表示“命令、建议、要求”的名词rder, demand, suggestin等后接同位语从句时，从句的谓语要用虚拟语气，即“shuld＋动词原形”，shuld可省略。
☞The suggestin that everyne (shuld) make effrts t beautify ur campus is necessary.
每个人都应尽力来美化校园的建议是有必要的。
3. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别
☞The news that Mr. Li will be ur new English teacher is true.
李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。(同位语从句，that不可省略)
☞The news (that) he tld me yesterday is true.
他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。(定语从句，that在从句中作宾语，可省略)
1. （2019·江苏卷·单项填空）Scientists have btained mre evidence ___________ plastic is finding its way int the human bdy.
A. whatB. thatC. whichD. where
【参考答案】B
【试题分析】考查同位语从句。句意：科学家已经获得更多证据，塑料正在进入人们的体内。从句不缺句子成分，且与evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引导同位语从句。故选B。
【正确答案】 B
2. The nly way t succeed at the highest level is t have ttal belief yu are better than anyne else n the sprts field.
hw B. that
C. whichD. whether
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】 句意：最高水平成功的唯一途径是得有一个总的信念，那就是在运动场上你比任何人都强。分析句子结构可知＂__________ yu are better than anyne else n the sprts field＂是同位语从句，对belief进行解释说明，从句不缺句子成分，故用连接词that引导，答案为B。
3. News came frm the schl ffice ______ Wang Lin had been admitted t Peking University.
A. which B. that
C. what D. where
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】考查同位语从句。本题属于分割式同位语从句，谓语came较短，同位语从句较长，名词和同位语从句被frm the schl ffice 分开，that 引导同位语从句Wang Lin had been admitted t Beijing University解释news的内容，在句中起引导作用，没有具体的意思。故选B。
难点剖析
名词性从句考点归纳：
1．名词性从句必须采用陈述语序。
①I want t knw what he has tld yu．我想知道他告诉了你什么。
②She always thinks f hw she can wrk well．她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
2．it充当形式主语或宾语：
在名词性从句中，为了使句子保持平衡，常用先行词it来代替主语从句或宾语从句，而把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面，尤其是连词that引导的主语从句常用于此句式中。
①It is knwn t us hw he became a writer．我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
②I find it strange that she desn’t want t travel．她竟不想旅游，我觉得很奇怪。
3．在名词性从句中 that与what的差异：
what在从句中要充当某个成分(主语、宾语或表语)，在任何情况下都不能省略，表示＂(＝the thing r things that...； whatever)……的事物； 无论什么；凡是……的事物＂。that本身没有词汇意义，在从句中不充当任何成分，在口语和非正式文件中，宾语从句中的that常常省略。
①What yu have dne might d harm t thers．你所做的事或许对别人有害处。
②I spent what little time I had with my family．我仅有的一点儿时间都和家人在一起度过了。
③N ne knws what will happen next．谁也不知道下一步有什么事。
④I think(that) yu will like the stamps．我认为你会喜欢这些邮票的。
4．whether和if的差异：
（1）引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句，只能采用whether。
☞Whether there is life n the mn is an interesting questin．
月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。
（2）介词宾语只用whether引导。
☞He was wrrying abut whether he had hurt her feeling．
他焦虑地想知道是否伤害了她的感情。
（3）当whether引导的宾语从句位于句首表示强调时，不能被if替换。
☞Whether he will cme r nt，I am nt sure．我无法确认他是否会来。
（4）whether经常与r nt 直接连用，构成whether r nt。
☞I dn’t knw whether r nt he’ll cme．我不知道他是来还是不来。
（5）后接动词不定式时只能用whether。
☞Can yu tell me whether t g r t stay？你能否告诉我是去还是留？
（6）动词discuss后面只能接whether引导的宾语从句。
☞We discussed whether we shuld clse the shp．我们讨论我们是否关闭这家商店。
5．宾语从句和主句的时态呼应：
（1）当主句谓语动词为现在时态或将来时态时，宾语从句可以选择适当的时态。
☞Will yu tell me hw I can keep fit？能告诉我如何保持健康吗？
（2）当主句谓语动词为过去时态时，为保持时态一致，宾语从句应采用相应的过去时态。
☞Jack tld me that he had been there twice．杰克告诉我他去过那儿两次了。
（3）当主句谓语为过去时态时，宾语从句表示客观真理、客观存在的事物、格言时，仍然采用一般现在时。
☞Lng ag，peple knew that there are fur seasns in a year．
很久以前，人们就知道一年有四个季节。
6．连接代词whever，whatever，whichever引导名词性从句的含义：
（1）whever的用法：
①(＝the persn r peple wh...)……的那个人
☞Whever said that？到底谁讲的这话？
②(＝any persn wh...)……的任何一个人
☞Tell whever yu like； it makes n difference t me．
你愿意告诉谁就告诉谁——对我来说都无所谓。
（2）whatever的用法：
①(＝any r every)任何；每一
☞Take whatever actin is needed．采取任何必要的措施。
②(＝anything r everything)任何事物；一切事物
☞Yu must d whatever is best fr yu．什么对你最有利你就得做什么。
③(表示做什么或发生什么都没关系，因为结果都一样)无论什么，不管什么
☞Yu have ur supprt，whatever yu decide．
不管你做何决定，都会得到我们的支持。
（3）whichever的用法：
①(表示什么特征或品质在作决定时重要)……的那个；……的那些
☞Take whichever hat suits yu best．挑个最适合你戴的帽子。
②无论哪个；无论哪些
☞Whichever f yu cmes in will receive a prize．
你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖励。
7．虚拟语气结构在名词性从句中的应用：
（1）主语从句
☞It is necessary that he(shuld)cme t see us．他有必要来看望我们。
（2）宾语从句
☞The teacher suggested that we(shuld)have a rest．老师建议我们休息一会儿。
（3）表语从句
☞My suggestin is that we(shuld)read English newspapers t imprve ur English．
我的建议是我们应该阅读英文报纸来提高我们的英语水平。
8．it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
it作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都用连词that，被强调部分指人时也可用wh/whm。
①It’s a pity that he missed the pprtunity t travel abrad．
他错过了去国外旅游的机会，真是可惜。
②Wh was it that wn the Wrld Cup in 2014？谁赢得了2014年的世界杯？
检测训练
题组一 基础过关
= 1 \* ROMAN I. 用适当的连接词填空
1.（2017•新课标卷I）The hmewner called t say ________ the parents had respnded t the recrdings..
2.（2017•新课标卷I）What I’m hping t accmplish is ________ my generatin and yunger start t recnsider
and understand _________ jazz is nt black and write anymre.
3.（2017•新课标卷III）The Yellwstne wlf prject has been a valuable experiment t help bilgists decide
_________ t reintrduce wlves t ther parts f the cuntry as well.
4.（2017•北京卷）What culd be mre fun than a gift that keeps cming thrugh the letterbx every mnth?
5．This painting is splendid, but ________ we actually need it is a different matter.
6．Part f the reasn Charles Dickens lved his wn nvel, David Cpperfield, was ________ it was rather clsely
mdeled n his wn life.
7．Cindy shut the dr heavily and burst int tears. N ne in the ffice knew ________ she was s angry.
8．—I prefer shutting myself in and listening t music all day n Sundays.
—That's ________ I dn't agree. Yu shuld have a mre active life.
9．—Have yu finished the bk?
—N. I've read up t ________ the children discver the secret cave.
10．He ften thinks f ________ he can d mre fr the fur mdernizatins.
Ⅱ. 将下列句子改为含有名词性从句的复合句
1．English is being accepted as an internatinal language．It is a fact．
_________________________________________________
2．It is generally cnsidered unwise t give a child everything he r she wants．
_________________________________________________
3．It used t be a quiet village．I still remember that time．
_________________________________________________
4．He is said t g abrad and marry an American girl next week．
_________________________________________________
5．He shuld reprt this accident t the plice at nce．This is my suggestin．
_________________________________________________
Ⅲ. 单句改错
1. After lking at the ty fr sme time，he turned arund and fund where his parents were missing.
2. Whever was respnsible fr the accident is nt yet clear.
3. We never dubt whether he is hnest.
4. If she cmes r nt desn’t cncern me.
5. I feel it a terrible thing which my mther shuld have t til s endlessly.
6. The fact is what he didn’t ntice the car until t late.
7. The reasn why he was late was because he didn’t catch the early bus.
8. Yur brther’s health is nt which it used t be.
9. Obviusly there was little prbability which they wuld succeed，but they didn’t mind.
10. The prpsal has been put frward what the flight shuld be cancelled.
题组二 真题在线
1.(2018·北京) This is _________ my father has taught me—t always face difficulties and hpe fr the best.
A. hw B. which C. that D. what
2.(2018·江苏) By bat is the nly way t get here, which is _______ we arrived.
A. where B. whenC. why D. hw
3.（2017·北京）Every year, ______ makes the mst beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A. whatever B. whever
C. whmever D. whichever
4.（2017·北京）Jane mved aimlessly dwn the tree-lined street, nt knwing ______she was heading.
A. why B. where
C. hw D. when
5.（2017·天津）She asked me _______ I had returned the bks t the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
A. when B. where
C. whether D. what
6.（2017·江苏）We chse this htel because the price fr a night here is dwn t $20, half f _______ it used t
charge.
A. that B. which
C. what D. hw
7.（2016·北京）Yur supprt is imprtant t ur wrk. ________ yu can d helps.
A. Hwever B. Whever
C. Whatever D. Wherever
8.（2016·北京）The mst pleasant thing f the rainy seasn is ________ ne can be entirely free frm dust.
A. whatB. that
C. whetherD. why
9.（2016·江苏）It is ften the case ______anything is pssible fr thse wh hang n t hpe.
A.whyB.what
C.asD.that
10.（2016·天津）The manager put frward a suggestin ____ we shuld have an assistant. There is t much wrk t d.
A. whether B. that
C. which D. what
11.（2016·天津）The manager put frward a suggestin ____ we shuld have an assistant. There is t much wrk t d.
A. whether B. that
C. which D. what
题组三 名校模拟
Ⅰ. 单项填空
1. I never suspected fr a minute that yu shuld dubt my riginal intentins, and is this ________ yu reward me fr my help?
A.hwB.whyC.whatD.whether
2. Mther suggests I shuld cllect the ld clthes and give them t ________ needs them.
A.wheverB.whatever
C.whicheverD.wherever
3. She asked me ________ I had returned the bks t the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
A.whenB.whereC.whetherD.what
4. Vautrin guarded the cllege with the mtt: " ________ wants t g thrugh this gate will have t d s ver my dead bdy."
A.WhB.WhmC.WheverD.Whmever
5. All the students came t realize that it made a difference in their daily life ________ they tk an active part in after-class activities.
A.hwB.thatC.whereD.whether
6. After I went up t receive the award, I verheard smene whispering ________ the girl was s excellent that she deserved it.
A.whatB.hwC.whmD.that
7. —Mary, are yu used t the life here?
—Yes. But at the beginning, I didn’t imagine ________ tugh it was t start a new life in a strange cuntry.
A.thatB.whatC.hwD.where
8. Once away frm his parents, the yung man was at a lss as t ________ the future has in stre fr him.
A.whB.thatC.whatD.where
9. When it cmes t "hme", mst peple wuld feel a sense f warmth because it's ________ we can get uncnditinal tlerance, acceptance and lve.
A.hwB.thatC.whatD.where
10. He did nt see the film last night. That is ________ he had t help his little sister with her hmewrk.
A.whyB.hwC.thatD.because
11. We all becme delighted at the news ________ mre than 10,000 new bks will be intrduced in ur schl library next mnth.
A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whether
12. The current persnnel allcatin is based n the assumptin ________ the ecnmy in ur cuntry will still develp at a nrmal rate next year.
A.hwB.thatC.whatD.whether
Ⅱ.语篇填空
I am ging t tell yu an unbelievable thing __1__happened in my restaurant tday.
This afternn a prly－dressed gentleman came int my restaurant. Nbdy knew __2__he was. We wndered __3__he was s hungry. We were surprised __4__he finished tw rders f fd in a very limited time.We dubted __5__the man was able t pay the bill. The gentleman asked __6__we wuld mind waiting fr just a few minutes. Then we were shcked t see__7__he tk ut f an envelpe—a millin pund bank nte.
I asked Mr. Clements__8__it was genuine. Mr.Clements said it was true because tw f this amunt had been issued by the Bank f England this year. He thught __9__the gentleman shwed them culdn’t be a fake.
__10__a gentleman with a millin pund nte was in rags and ate in ur small restaurant was a big puzzle t all the peple there. I really culdn’t describe hw excited I was.
名词性从句练习题
第一部分：基础题
1. _______ makes this shp different is that it ffers mre persnal services. （2006年辽宁省高考题）
A. What B. Wh C. Whatever D. Whever
2. —It’s thirty years since we last met.
—But I still remember the stry, believe it r nt, ______ we gt lst n a rainy night.（2006年四川省高考题）
A. which B. that C. what D. when
3. See the flags n tp f the building? That was _______ we did this mrning.（2006年全国I高考题）
A. when B. which C. where D. What
4. —Culd yu d me a favr?
—It depends n _______ it is. （2006年北京高考题）
A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever
5. These shes lk very gd. I wnder _______. （2006年上海春季高考题）
A. hw much cst they are B. hw much d they cst
C. hw much they cst D. hw much are they cst
6. Dris' success lies in the fact _______ she is c-perative and eager t learn frm thers.（2006年上海春季高考题）
A. which B. that C. when D. why
7. Mary wrte an article n _______ the team had failed t win the game. （2005年全国I高考题）
A. why B. what C. wh D. that
8. D yu have any idea _______ is actually ging n in the classrm? （2005年辽宁省高考题）
A. that B. what C. as D. which
9. —Why des she always ask yu fr help?
—There is n ne else _______, is there? （2005年北京高考题）
A. wh t turn t B. she can turn t C. fr whm t turn D. fr her t turn
10. Elephants have their wn way t tell the shape f an bject and _______ it is rugh r smth.（2005年天津高考题）
A. / B. whether C. hw D. what
11. Danny left wrd with my secretary _______ he wuld call again in the afternn.
（2005年浙江省高考题）
A. wh B. that C. as D. which
12. Mum is cming. What present _______ fr yur birthday? （2005年福建省高考题）
A. yu expect she has gt B. yu expect has she gt
C. d yu expect she has gt D. d yu expect has she gt
13. The way he did it was different ________ we were used t. （2005年江西省高考题）
A. in which B. in what C. frm what D. frm which
14. Great changes have taken place in that schl. It is n lnger _______ it was 20 years ag, _______ it was s prly equipped. （2005年安徽省高考题）
A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that
15. Sme researchers believe that there is n dubt ________ a cure fr AIDS will be fund.（2005年广东省高考题）
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
第二部分：强化题
1. We haven’t settled the questin f _______ it is necessary fr him t study abrad.（2006年江苏省高考题）
A. if B. where C. whether D. that
2. A warm thught suddenly came t me _______I might use the pcket mney t buy sme flwers fr my mther’s birthday.（2006年安徽省高考题）
A. if B. when C. that D. which
3. There is much chance _______ Bill will recver frm his injury in time fr the race.（2006年天津高考题）
A. that B. which C. until D. if
4. Please remind me _______ he said he was ging. I may be in time t see him ff.（2006年全国I高考题）
A. where B. when C. hw D. what
5. We saw several natives advancing twards ur party, and ne f them came up t us. _______ we gave sme bells and glasses. （2006年湖南省高考题）
A. t which B. t whm C. with whm D. with which
6. With his wrk cmpleted, the businessman stepped back t his seat, feeling pleased _______ he was a man f actin. （2006年湖南省高考题）
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
7. _______ team wins n Saturday will g thrugh t the natinal champinships. （2006年山东省高考题）
A. N matter what B. N matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever
8. I just wnder that makes him s excited. （2006年山东省高考题）
A. why it des B. what he des C. hw it is D. what it is
9. _______ is ur belief that imprvements in health care will lead t a strnger , mre prsperus ecnmy. （2006年浙江省高考题）
A. As B. That C. This D. It
10. Nbdy believed his reasn fr being absent frm the class _______ he had t meet his uncle at the airprt. （2006年重庆高考题）
A. why B. that C. where D. because
11. The shpkeeper did nt want t sell fr _______ he thught was nt enugh. （2005年山东省高考题）
A. where B. hw C. what D. which
12. He nticed that the straight part f the dance was different in the afternn frm _______ it had been in the mrning. （2006年宜昌市模拟题）
A. that B. where C. what D. which
13. I’d like t wrk with _______ is hnest and easy t get n with. (2006年山东模拟题)
A. wh B. whever C. whmever D. n matter wh
14. When yu are reading, make a nte f _______ yu think is f great imprtance.
（2006年东北八校联考题）
A. which B. that C. what D. when
15. —Can we get everything ready by the weekend?
—It all depends n _______ we can get Mr. Green’s cperatin.
（2006年如东中学模拟题）
A. that B. what C. whether D. if
注意：
whether/if都意为＂是否＂。一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if，但以下情况中，只能用whether。
（1）与r nt紧接连用时。
☞Let me knw whether r nt yu can cme.
请让我知道你是否能来。
（2）作介词的宾语从句时。
☞We are interested in whether yu will attend the meeting.
我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。
宾语从句的用法速记口诀
宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。
一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否（if，whether）替；
特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。
主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；
主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。
that
只起连词作用，无任何含义，一般不省略
whether
是否
when
什么时候
where
什么地点
hw
什么方式
同位语从句
定语从句
功能不同
对名词加以补充说明
与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，起连接作用
that
不作成分；起连接作用，不可省略
作主语或宾语，起连接作用；并且作从句的宾语时可省略
whether/hw
不作成分；起连接作用“是否”；“如何”
不引导定语从句
whwrds
作成分；起连接作用；有自己的含义，但与先行词之间无关
作成分；起连接作用；没有自己的含义，但是代替先行词在从句中作成分
解密09名词性从句
考点详解
【命题解读】
1.了解名词性从句的基本用法，掌握名词性从句的引导词及引导词在名词性从句中的作用，辨析that与what,if
与whether等引导词的用法。
2.明确it作形式主语和形式宾语、代替主语从句及宾语从句的用法，及其与强调句的区别。
3.区分that引导的同位语从句及定语从句。
【命题预测】
预计今后高考对名词性从句的考查仍然不会单纯地考查其语法结构，而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。
【复习建议】
1. 掌握宾语从句的用法；
2. 了解同位语从句的用法；
3. 掌握表语从句的用法；
4. 掌握主语从句的用法；
5. 如何正确选择引导词。
考向1 主语从句
主语从句是在复合句中担任主语的句子。其特点有：
（1）引导词：
从属连词 that, whether；
连接代词 wh, what, which；
whever, whatever, whichever;
连接副词 when, where, hw和why。
（2）语序：陈述句语序
（3）在主语从句中只能用whether,不能用if
That he will win the match is certain.
It is certain that he will win the match.
1. 一般来说主语从句都是放在句首，但有时为了使句子保持平衡，避免"头重脚轻",常用it 作形式主语，从
而把主语从句放后面。常以it作形式主语的句型有：
①It is＋形容词＋that...
☞It is certain that she will d well in her exam．
毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。
②It is＋名词词组(n wnder，an hnur，a gd thing，a pity，n surprise，cmmn knwledge，a surprise，
a fact，etc．)＋that...
☞It’s a pity that we can’t g．
很遗憾我们不能去。
③It is＋过去分词(said，reprted，thught，expected，decided，annunced，arranged，etc．)＋that...
☞It has been suggested that much shuld be dne t prevent the river frm being plluted．
有人建议应做更多的工作阻止河流遭受污染。
④It appears/seems that...|It happens that...|It ccurred t me that...|It turned ut that...
☞It turned ut that nbdy remembered the address．
结果发现没人记得这地址。
⑤It desn’t matter that...|It makes n difference that...
☞It desn’t matter whether she will cme r nt．
她是否来这无关紧要。
2. 当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。
☞Des it matter much that they will nt cme tmrrw？
他们明天不来很要紧吗？
3. 当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。
☞Hw strange it is that the children are s quiet！孩子们这么安静真奇怪！
1.（2020.江苏卷.单项填空）It is nt a prblem _____ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter f time.
A. whetherB. whyC. whenD. where
【答案】A
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。A. whether是否；B. why为什么；C. when什么时候；D. where在哪里。根据下文it’s just a matter f time可知，此处指”我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题”，it是形式主语，whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故选A。
(2018·天津卷·单项填空)The gld medal will be awarded ___________t wins the first place in the bicycle race.
A. whmever B. whereverC. whever D. whatever
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名，金牌将授予他。分析句子可知，宾语从句中缺少主语，故用whever，表示“任何人，无论谁”。故选C。
3.（2017·北京卷·单项填空）Every year, _______ makes the mst beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A. whatever B. whever C. whmever D. whichever
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，________ makes the mst beautiful kite作主语，且所填词指人，既作从句的主语又作主句的主语，所以选 whever(whmever不能作主语)。句意：每年， 在风筝节上风筝做得最漂亮的人都会赢得奖品。
4.（2016·江苏卷·单项填空）It is ften the case ____________ anything is pssible fr thse wh hang n t hpe.
A. whyB. whatC. asD. that
【参考答案】D
【答案解析】考查主语从句。本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是连接词that引导的主语从句，连接词that在本句中不充当任何成分，只是一个引导词而已，不能省略。连接副词why要在句中作状语，连接代词what通常在句中作主语、宾语或表语等；as通常不引导名词性从句。句意：对于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事实。故D正确。
【归纳总结】
主语从句的规律
规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓语在后。
例1.When will he cme is nt knwn.
正：When he will cme is nt knwn.
规律二、连词that 在从句中无实际意义，但不能省略。
例2. He will nt cme t the meeting this evening is true.
正：That he will nt cme t the meeting this evening is true.
规律三、whether 可以引导主语从句，放在句首，但if不能
例3. If the meeting will be put ff has nt been decided yet.
正： Whether the meeting will be put ff has nt been decided yet.
规律四、主语从句的谓语动词多用单数第三人称形式。
例4. When he will cme are a puzzle.
正：When he will cme is a puzzle.
考向2 表语从句
表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。
一、引导表语从句的关联词的种类：
1. 可接表语从句的连系动词有be，lk，seem，sund，appear等。
☞China is n lnger what she used t be. 今日的中国不再是过去的中国了。
☞The questin remains whether they will be able t help us. 问题还是他们能否帮我们。
☞At that time，it seemed as if I culdn't think f the right wrd.
当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
2. 从属连词whether，as，as if / thugh引导的表语从句。
☞He lked just as he had lked ten years befre. 他看起来还与十年前一样。
☞It sunds as if smene is kncking at the dr. 听起来好像有人在敲门。
3. because，why引导的表语从句。
☞That's because he didn't understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我。（That's because...强调原因）
☞That's why he gt angry with me. 那正是他对我生气的原因。（That's why...强调结果）
4. 连接代词wh，whm，whse，what，which，whever，whatever，whichever
连接副词 where，when，hw，why
☞The prblem is wh we can get t replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
☞The questin is hw he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。
☞That was what she did this mrning n reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
5. 从属连词that
☞The truble is that I have lst his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。
【归纳拓展】
学习表语从句应该注意以下几点。
(1)通常只用that引导表语从句的情况。
①句子的主语为the reasn时，表语从句采用that引导，表示原因，此时不用because。
☞The reasn why she was ill was that she had eaten bad meat．
她生病的原因是她吃了变质的肉。
②句子的主语为the result时，表语从句采用that引导。
☞The result is that many f them becme fat．
结果是他们中许多人发胖了。
③由why引导的从句作主语时。
☞Why we decided t put ff the match is that the weather was t terrible．
我们决定推迟比赛的原因是天气太糟糕了。
(2)as if/thugh引导的表语从句通常置于系动词lk，seem，sund，be等后面；表语从句既可以采用虚拟语
气，也可采用直陈语气。
①It sunded as if smebdy was kncking at/n the dr．听起来好像有人在敲门。
②She treats him as if he were a stranger．她待他如陌生人。
1.(2018·北京卷·单项填空) Withut his supprt, we wuldn’t be _________ we are nw.
A. hw B. when C. where D. why
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】考查名词性从句。句意：没有他的支持，我们是不会在现在这个位置的。hw表方式，when表时间，where表地点，why表原因。“_________ we are nw”是表语从句，结合句子的意思可知，该处指我们所处的位置，故该从句应用where引导。C选项正确。
2.（2016·北京卷·单项填空） The mst pleasant thing f the rainy seasn is ________ ne can be entirely free frm dust.
A. whatB. thatC. whetherD. why
【参考答案】 B
【试题解析】 考查表语从句。句意：雨季最令人愉悦的就是人们可以完全不再受到灰尘的困扰。is后跟从句作表语，即表语从句，表语从句不缺少主语、谓语和宾语，因此用that，that只起引导作用，故选B。
考向3 宾语从句
【难点梳理】
引导宾语从句的连接词主要有：
连接词：that，whether，if等
连接代词：what，wh，whse，whatever，whichever，whever等
连接副词：when，where，why，hw等
1. 连接词that，whether，if引导
☞I think (that) yu shuld turn t the teacher fr help. 我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
☞I dn’t knw if/whether he still lives here after s many years. 我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
2. 连接代词what，wh，whse，whatever，whichever，whever等引导
☞She asked me whse handwriting was the best in the class. 她问我班上谁的书法最好。
☞I’ll just say whatever cmes int my mind. 我想到什么就说什么。
3. 连接副词when，where，why，hw等引导
☞D yu knw when the ancient Olympic Games began?
你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗?
☞I’ve been thinking abut hw we can make the newspaper mre interesting.
我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更用趣。
4. 宾语从句的语序
在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。
☞He asked me when we culd set ut the next day. 他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。
☞Did yu find ut where she lst her car? 你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗?
5. 宾语从句的时态
（1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。
☞She says (that) she wrks frm Mnday t Friday. 她说她周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)
☞she says (that) she will leave a message n his desk.
她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)
☞She says (that) she has never been t Munt Emei.
她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)
（2）当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。
☞He said there were n classes yesterday afternn.
他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)
☞He said that he was ging t take care f the baby.
他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)
☞He said that they were having a meeting at that time.
他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)
（3）当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍旧用一般现在时。
☞The teacher tld us that nthing is difficult if we put ur hearts int it.
老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。
☞He said that light travels much faster than sund. 他说光比声音传播得快。
注意：学习宾语从句应该注意以下几点。
(1)引导宾语从句的连词that一般可以省略，但是在及物动词之后跟有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有
第一个that可以省略。
☞Glancing at her scrnfully，he tld her(that) the dress was sld．
他轻蔑地看了她一眼，告诉她说那件衣服卖了。
☞The teacher said (that) the text was very imprtant and that we shuld learn it by heart．
老师说课文非常重要，我们应该背下来。
(2)表示＂心理活动＂的形容词：afraid，anxius，aware，ashamed，annyed，certain，cnfident，cntent，
cnvinced，determined，disappinted，glad，happy，prud，pleased，sure，surprised，satisfied，thankful，
wrried等可以后接宾语从句。
☞He was afraid that he wuld lse．他担心会输。
☞I am sure that I put the mney in the bx．我肯定把钱放在盒子里了。
(3)若主句谓语动词为think，cnsider，suppse，believe，expect，fancy，guess，imagine等，其后的宾语从
句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式，这种现象称为＂否定转移＂
现象(此时主语往往为第一人称，偶尔为第三人称；否定词never，seldm，hardly，little无此用法)。
☞I dn’t think his decisin is wise in reality．实际上，我觉得他的决定并不明智。
☞I dn’t believe that he is a dishnest man．我认为他是个诚实的人。
(4)在think，believe，imagine，suppse，guess，hpe等动词以及I’m afraid之后，可以采用s代替一个肯
定的宾语从句，也可以采用nt代替否定的宾语从句。
☞—D yu believe the news stries？＂你相信这个新闻故事吗？＂
—I believe s．＂我相信。＂
☞—Has Anne gt int university？＂安妮上大学了吗？＂
—I am afraid nt．＂恐怕是没有。＂
【巧学妙记】
1.（2020.天津卷二.单项填空） My grandmther helped me believe that I culd accmplish ____________ I put my mind t.
A. wheneverB. whateverC. whereverD. whichever
【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我的祖母让我相信，我可以完成任何我专心去做的事情。A. whenever无论何时；B. whatever 无论什么，任何；C. wherever无论何地；D. whichever无论哪一个。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句连接词，从句缺少宾语，应用连接代词，再结合句意，此处用“任何”符合语境，故选B项。
2.（2018·全国新课标卷II·短文改错）The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned ut t be very useful later in my life.
【参考答案】where改为when
【答案解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：当我是个孩子的时候我父母教给我的纸牌游戏在我日后的生活中证明非常有用。宾语从句连接词并不是表示地点状语，而是时间状语。故把where改为when。
3.（2018·全国新课标卷III·语法填空）I'm nt sure _____61_____ is mre frightened, me r the female grilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears ut f nwhere. I'm walking n a path in the frest in the Central African Republic.
【参考答案】which/wh
【答案解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定哪一个更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示选择，所以用which或者wh”
4. (2017·天津卷·单项填空) She asked me ________ I had returned the bks t the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.
A. when B. where
C. whether D. what
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】考查宾语从句。根据“…I admitted that I hadn't.”可知书还没还给图书馆，因此此处问的是是否(whether)已经还了。故选C项。句意：她问我是否已将那些书还给了图书馆，我承认没还。
5.（2016·全国新课标卷I·短文改错）My uncle is the wner f a restaurant clse t that I live.
【参考答案】that → where
【答案解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。介词后面的宾语从句缺少状语，根据句意判断此处表示地点。故把that改为where。
考向4 同位语从句
在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它一般放在fact, news, idea, truth, hpe, prblem, infrmatin, belief, thught, dubt, prmise, questin等抽象名词的后面，对前面的名词作进一步的解释，说明前面名词的具体含义。
1. 同位语从句的引导词选择原则
☞The hpe that he may recver is nt gne yet.他不是没有恢复的希望。
☞The prblem whether we shuld cntinue t d the experiment has been slved.
我们是否继续做这个实验的问题已经被解决。
2. 同位语从句的几种特殊情况
（1）当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。
☞The stry ges that William Tell killed the king with an arrw.
故事是这样的：威廉姆特尔用一支利箭杀死了国王。
（2）表示“命令、建议、要求”的名词rder, demand, suggestin等后接同位语从句时，从句的谓语要用虚拟语气，即“shuld＋动词原形”，shuld可省略。
☞The suggestin that everyne (shuld) make effrts t beautify ur campus is necessary.
每个人都应尽力来美化校园的建议是有必要的。
3. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别
☞The news that Mr. Li will be ur new English teacher is true.
李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。(同位语从句，that不可省略)
☞The news (that) he tld me yesterday is true.
他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。(定语从句，that在从句中作宾语，可省略)
1. （2019·江苏卷·单项填空）Scientists have btained mre evidence ___________ plastic is finding its way int the human bdy.
A. whatB. thatC. whichD. where
【参考答案】B
【试题分析】考查同位语从句。句意：科学家已经获得更多证据，塑料正在进入人们的体内。从句不缺句子成分，且与evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引导同位语从句。故选B。
【正确答案】 B
2. The nly way t succeed at the highest level is t have ttal belief yu are better than anyne else n the sprts field.
hw B. that
C. whichD. whether
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】 句意：最高水平成功的唯一途径是得有一个总的信念，那就是在运动场上你比任何人都强。分析句子结构可知＂__________ yu are better than anyne else n the sprts field＂是同位语从句，对belief进行解释说明，从句不缺句子成分，故用连接词that引导，答案为B。
3. News came frm the schl ffice ______ Wang Lin had been admitted t Peking University.
A. which B. that
C. what D. where
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】考查同位语从句。本题属于分割式同位语从句，谓语came较短，同位语从句较长，名词和同位语从句被frm the schl ffice 分开，that 引导同位语从句Wang Lin had been admitted t Beijing University解释news的内容，在句中起引导作用，没有具体的意思。故选B。
难点剖析
名词性从句考点归纳：
1．名词性从句必须采用陈述语序。
①I want t knw what he has tld yu．我想知道他告诉了你什么。
②She always thinks f hw she can wrk well．她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
2．it充当形式主语或宾语：
在名词性从句中，为了使句子保持平衡，常用先行词it来代替主语从句或宾语从句，而把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面，尤其是连词that引导的主语从句常用于此句式中。
①It is knwn t us hw he became a writer．我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
②I find it strange that she desn’t want t travel．她竟不想旅游，我觉得很奇怪。
3．在名词性从句中 that与what的差异：
what在从句中要充当某个成分(主语、宾语或表语)，在任何情况下都不能省略，表示＂(＝the thing r things that...； whatever)……的事物； 无论什么；凡是……的事物＂。that本身没有词汇意义，在从句中不充当任何成分，在口语和非正式文件中，宾语从句中的that常常省略。
①What yu have dne might d harm t thers．你所做的事或许对别人有害处。
②I spent what little time I had with my family．我仅有的一点儿时间都和家人在一起度过了。
③N ne knws what will happen next．谁也不知道下一步有什么事。
④I think(that) yu will like the stamps．我认为你会喜欢这些邮票的。
4．whether和if的差异：
（1）引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句，只能采用whether。
☞Whether there is life n the mn is an interesting questin．
月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。
（2）介词宾语只用whether引导。
☞He was wrrying abut whether he had hurt her feeling．
他焦虑地想知道是否伤害了她的感情。
（3）当whether引导的宾语从句位于句首表示强调时，不能被if替换。
☞Whether he will cme r nt，I am nt sure．我无法确认他是否会来。
（4）whether经常与r nt 直接连用，构成whether r nt。
☞I dn’t knw whether r nt he’ll cme．我不知道他是来还是不来。
（5）后接动词不定式时只能用whether。
☞Can yu tell me whether t g r t stay？你能否告诉我是去还是留？
（6）动词discuss后面只能接whether引导的宾语从句。
☞We discussed whether we shuld clse the shp．我们讨论我们是否关闭这家商店。
5．宾语从句和主句的时态呼应：
（1）当主句谓语动词为现在时态或将来时态时，宾语从句可以选择适当的时态。
☞Will yu tell me hw I can keep fit？能告诉我如何保持健康吗？
（2）当主句谓语动词为过去时态时，为保持时态一致，宾语从句应采用相应的过去时态。
☞Jack tld me that he had been there twice．杰克告诉我他去过那儿两次了。
（3）当主句谓语为过去时态时，宾语从句表示客观真理、客观存在的事物、格言时，仍然采用一般现在时。
☞Lng ag，peple knew that there are fur seasns in a year．
很久以前，人们就知道一年有四个季节。
6．连接代词whever，whatever，whichever引导名词性从句的含义：
（1）whever的用法：
①(＝the persn r peple wh...)……的那个人
☞Whever said that？到底谁讲的这话？
②(＝any persn wh...)……的任何一个人
☞Tell whever yu like； it makes n difference t me．
你愿意告诉谁就告诉谁——对我来说都无所谓。
（2）whatever的用法：
①(＝any r every)任何；每一
☞Take whatever actin is needed．采取任何必要的措施。
②(＝anything r everything)任何事物；一切事物
☞Yu must d whatever is best fr yu．什么对你最有利你就得做什么。
③(表示做什么或发生什么都没关系，因为结果都一样)无论什么，不管什么
☞Yu have ur supprt，whatever yu decide．
不管你做何决定，都会得到我们的支持。
（3）whichever的用法：
①(表示什么特征或品质在作决定时重要)……的那个；……的那些
☞Take whichever hat suits yu best．挑个最适合你戴的帽子。
②无论哪个；无论哪些
☞Whichever f yu cmes in will receive a prize．
你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖励。
7．虚拟语气结构在名词性从句中的应用：
（1）主语从句
☞It is necessary that he(shuld)cme t see us．他有必要来看望我们。
（2）宾语从句
☞The teacher suggested that we(shuld)have a rest．老师建议我们休息一会儿。
（3）表语从句
☞My suggestin is that we(shuld)read English newspapers t imprve ur English．
我的建议是我们应该阅读英文报纸来提高我们的英语水平。
8．it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
it作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都用连词that，被强调部分指人时也可用wh/whm。
①It’s a pity that he missed the pprtunity t travel abrad．
他错过了去国外旅游的机会，真是可惜。
②Wh was it that wn the Wrld Cup in 2014？谁赢得了2014年的世界杯？
检测训练
题组一 基础过关
= 1 \* ROMAN I. 用适当的连接词填空
1.（2017•新课标卷I）The hmewner called t say ________ the parents had respnded t the recrdings..
2.（2017•新课标卷I）What I’m hping t accmplish is ________ my generatin and yunger start t recnsider
and understand _________ jazz is nt black and write anymre.
3.（2017•新课标卷III）The Yellwstne wlf prject has been a valuable experiment t help bilgists decide
_________ t reintrduce wlves t ther parts f the cuntry as well.
4.（2017•北京卷）What culd be mre fun than a gift that keeps cming thrugh the letterbx every mnth?
5．This painting is splendid, but ________ we actually need it is a different matter.
6．Part f the reasn Charles Dickens lved his wn nvel, David Cpperfield, was ________ it was rather clsely
mdeled n his wn life.
7．Cindy shut the dr heavily and burst int tears. N ne in the ffice knew ________ she was s angry.
8．—I prefer shutting myself in and listening t music all day n Sundays.
—That's ________ I dn't agree. Yu shuld have a mre active life.
9．—Have yu finished the bk?
—N. I've read up t ________ the children discver the secret cave.
10．He ften thinks f ________ he can d mre fr the fur mdernizatins.
Ⅱ. 将下列句子改为含有名词性从句的复合句
1．English is being accepted as an internatinal language．It is a fact．
_________________________________________________
2．It is generally cnsidered unwise t give a child everything he r she wants．
_________________________________________________
3．It used t be a quiet village．I still remember that time．
_________________________________________________
4．He is said t g abrad and marry an American girl next week．
_________________________________________________
5．He shuld reprt this accident t the plice at nce．This is my suggestin．
_________________________________________________
Ⅲ. 单句改错
1. After lking at the ty fr sme time，he turned arund and fund where his parents were missing.
2. Whever was respnsible fr the accident is nt yet clear.
3. We never dubt whether he is hnest.
4. If she cmes r nt desn’t cncern me.
5. I feel it a terrible thing which my mther shuld have t til s endlessly.
6. The fact is what he didn’t ntice the car until t late.
7. The reasn why he was late was because he didn’t catch the early bus.
8. Yur brther’s health is nt which it used t be.
9. Obviusly there was little prbability which they wuld succeed，but they didn’t mind.
10. The prpsal has been put frward what the flight shuld be cancelled.
题组二 真题在线
1.(2018·北京) This is _________ my father has taught me—t always face difficulties and hpe fr the best.
A. hw B. which C. that D. what
2.(2018·江苏) By bat is the nly way t get here, which is _______ we arrived.
A. where B. whenC. why D. hw
3.（2017·北京）Every year, ______ makes the mst beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A. whatever B. whever
C. whmever D. whichever
4.（2017·北京）Jane mved aimlessly dwn the tree-lined street, nt knwing ______she was heading.
A. why B. where
C. hw D. when
5.（2017·天津）She asked me _______ I had returned the bks t the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
A. when B. where
C. whether D. what
6.（2017·江苏）We chse this htel because the price fr a night here is dwn t $20, half f _______ it used t
charge.
A. that B. which
C. what D. hw
7.（2016·北京）Yur supprt is imprtant t ur wrk. ________ yu can d helps.
A. Hwever B. Whever
C. Whatever D. Wherever
8.（2016·北京）The mst pleasant thing f the rainy seasn is ________ ne can be entirely free frm dust.
A. whatB. that
C. whetherD. why
9.（2016·江苏）It is ften the case ______anything is pssible fr thse wh hang n t hpe.
A.whyB.what
C.asD.that
10.（2016·天津）The manager put frward a suggestin ____ we shuld have an assistant. There is t much wrk t d.
A. whether B. that
C. which D. what
11.（2016·天津）The manager put frward a suggestin ____ we shuld have an assistant. There is t much wrk t d.
A. whether B. that
C. which D. what
题组三 名校模拟
Ⅰ. 单项填空
1. I never suspected fr a minute that yu shuld dubt my riginal intentins, and is this ________ yu reward me fr my help?
A.hwB.whyC.whatD.whether
2. Mther suggests I shuld cllect the ld clthes and give them t ________ needs them.
A.wheverB.whatever
C.whicheverD.wherever
3. She asked me ________ I had returned the bks t the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
A.whenB.whereC.whetherD.what
4. Vautrin guarded the cllege with the mtt: " ________ wants t g thrugh this gate will have t d s ver my dead bdy."
A.WhB.WhmC.WheverD.Whmever
5. All the students came t realize that it made a difference in their daily life ________ they tk an active part in after-class activities.
A.hwB.thatC.whereD.whether
6. After I went up t receive the award, I verheard smene whispering ________ the girl was s excellent that she deserved it.
A.whatB.hwC.whmD.that
7. —Mary, are yu used t the life here?
—Yes. But at the beginning, I didn’t imagine ________ tugh it was t start a new life in a strange cuntry.
A.thatB.whatC.hwD.where
8. Once away frm his parents, the yung man was at a lss as t ________ the future has in stre fr him.
A.whB.thatC.whatD.where
9. When it cmes t "hme", mst peple wuld feel a sense f warmth because it's ________ we can get uncnditinal tlerance, acceptance and lve.
A.hwB.thatC.whatD.where
10. He did nt see the film last night. That is ________ he had t help his little sister with her hmewrk.
A.whyB.hwC.thatD.because
11. We all becme delighted at the news ________ mre than 10,000 new bks will be intrduced in ur schl library next mnth.
A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whether
12. The current persnnel allcatin is based n the assumptin ________ the ecnmy in ur cuntry will still develp at a nrmal rate next year.
A.hwB.thatC.whatD.whether
Ⅱ.语篇填空
I am ging t tell yu an unbelievable thing __1__happened in my restaurant tday.
This afternn a prly－dressed gentleman came int my restaurant. Nbdy knew __2__he was. We wndered __3__he was s hungry. We were surprised __4__he finished tw rders f fd in a very limited time.We dubted __5__the man was able t pay the bill. The gentleman asked __6__we wuld mind waiting fr just a few minutes. Then we were shcked t see__7__he tk ut f an envelpe—a millin pund bank nte.
I asked Mr. Clements__8__it was genuine. Mr.Clements said it was true because tw f this amunt had been issued by the Bank f England this year. He thught __9__the gentleman shwed them culdn’t be a fake.
__10__a gentleman with a millin pund nte was in rags and ate in ur small restaurant was a big puzzle t all the peple there. I really culdn’t describe hw excited I was.
名词性从句练习题
第一部分：基础题
1. _______ makes this shp different is that it ffers mre persnal services. （2006年辽宁省高考题）
A. What B. Wh C. Whatever D. Whever
2. —It’s thirty years since we last met.
—But I still remember the stry, believe it r nt, ______ we gt lst n a rainy night.（2006年四川省高考题）
A. which B. that C. what D. when
3. See the flags n tp f the building? That was _______ we did this mrning.（2006年全国I高考题）
A. when B. which C. where D. What
4. —Culd yu d me a favr?
—It depends n _______ it is. （2006年北京高考题）
A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever
5. These shes lk very gd. I wnder _______. （2006年上海春季高考题）
A. hw much cst they are B. hw much d they cst
C. hw much they cst D. hw much are they cst
6. Dris' success lies in the fact _______ she is c-perative and eager t learn frm thers.（2006年上海春季高考题）
A. which B. that C. when D. why
7. Mary wrte an article n _______ the team had failed t win the game. （2005年全国I高考题）
A. why B. what C. wh D. that
8. D yu have any idea _______ is actually ging n in the classrm? （2005年辽宁省高考题）
A. that B. what C. as D. which
9. —Why des she always ask yu fr help?
—There is n ne else _______, is there? （2005年北京高考题）
A. wh t turn t B. she can turn t C. fr whm t turn D. fr her t turn
10. Elephants have their wn way t tell the shape f an bject and _______ it is rugh r smth.（2005年天津高考题）
A. / B. whether C. hw D. what
11. Danny left wrd with my secretary _______ he wuld call again in the afternn.
（2005年浙江省高考题）
A. wh B. that C. as D. which
12. Mum is cming. What present _______ fr yur birthday? （2005年福建省高考题）
A. yu expect she has gt B. yu expect has she gt
C. d yu expect she has gt D. d yu expect has she gt
13. The way he did it was different ________ we were used t. （2005年江西省高考题）
A. in which B. in what C. frm what D. frm which
14. Great changes have taken place in that schl. It is n lnger _______ it was 20 years ag, _______ it was s prly equipped. （2005年安徽省高考题）
A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that
15. Sme researchers believe that there is n dubt ________ a cure fr AIDS will be fund.（2005年广东省高考题）
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
第二部分：强化题
1. We haven’t settled the questin f _______ it is necessary fr him t study abrad.（2006年江苏省高考题）
A. if B. where C. whether D. that
2. A warm thught suddenly came t me _______I might use the pcket mney t buy sme flwers fr my mther’s birthday.（2006年安徽省高考题）
A. if B. when C. that D. which
3. There is much chance _______ Bill will recver frm his injury in time fr the race.（2006年天津高考题）
A. that B. which C. until D. if
4. Please remind me _______ he said he was ging. I may be in time t see him ff.（2006年全国I高考题）
A. where B. when C. hw D. what
5. We saw several natives advancing twards ur party, and ne f them came up t us. _______ we gave sme bells and glasses. （2006年湖南省高考题）
A. t which B. t whm C. with whm D. with which
6. With his wrk cmpleted, the businessman stepped back t his seat, feeling pleased _______ he was a man f actin. （2006年湖南省高考题）
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
7. _______ team wins n Saturday will g thrugh t the natinal champinships. （2006年山东省高考题）
A. N matter what B. N matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever
8. I just wnder that makes him s excited. （2006年山东省高考题）
A. why it des B. what he des C. hw it is D. what it is
9. _______ is ur belief that imprvements in health care will lead t a strnger , mre prsperus ecnmy. （2006年浙江省高考题）
A. As B. That C. This D. It
10. Nbdy believed his reasn fr being absent frm the class _______ he had t meet his uncle at the airprt. （2006年重庆高考题）
A. why B. that C. where D. because
11. The shpkeeper did nt want t sell fr _______ he thught was nt enugh. （2005年山东省高考题）
A. where B. hw C. what D. which
12. He nticed that the straight part f the dance was different in the afternn frm _______ it had been in the mrning. （2006年宜昌市模拟题）
A. that B. where C. what D. which
13. I’d like t wrk with _______ is hnest and easy t get n with. (2006年山东模拟题)
A. wh B. whever C. whmever D. n matter wh
14. When yu are reading, make a nte f _______ yu think is f great imprtance.
（2006年东北八校联考题）
A. which B. that C. what D. when
15. —Can we get everything ready by the weekend?
—It all depends n _______ we can get Mr. Green’s cperatin.
（2006年如东中学模拟题）
A. that B. what C. whether D. if
注意：
whether/if都意为＂是否＂。一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if，但以下情况中，只能用whether。
（1）与r nt紧接连用时。
☞Let me knw whether r nt yu can cme.
请让我知道你是否能来。
（2）作介词的宾语从句时。
☞We are interested in whether yu will attend the meeting.
我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。
宾语从句的用法速记口诀
宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。
一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否（if，whether）替；
特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。
主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；
主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。
that
只起连词作用，无任何含义，一般不省略
whether
是否
when
什么时候
where
什么地点
hw
什么方式
同位语从句
定语从句
功能不同
对名词加以补充说明
与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，起连接作用
that
不作成分；起连接作用，不可省略
作主语或宾语，起连接作用；并且作从句的宾语时可省略
whether/hw
不作成分；起连接作用“是否”；“如何”
不引导定语从句
whwrds
作成分；起连接作用；有自己的含义，但与先行词之间无关
作成分；起连接作用；没有自己的含义，但是代替先行词在从句中作成分
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