高一英语下学期开学考试(江苏专用)-高一英语必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练（译林）

这是一份高一英语下学期开学考试(江苏专用)-高一英语必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练（译林），共21页。试卷主要包含了本试卷分第Ⅰ卷两部分等内容，欢迎下载使用。

高一英语下学期开学考试
（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共30分，略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Museum of the Moving Image (MMI) (Monday Closed)As the best museum in New York City and with a balance of hands-on(实际操作的)activities and information, it’s the rare bird that can entertain and educate people of different ages. It’s a perfect destination for a family trip of a couple of hours.
Pros-Excellent movie screenings. Easy subway access.
Cons-Difficult to reach by car.
New York Hall of Science (NYHS) (Monday Closed)Being New York City’s only hands-on science and technology center, it is an interactive science museum targeting children. It has the most hands-on exhibits in an NYC museum, and it’s a fun destination for five-year-olds and above. Older folks might take great interest in the NASA rockets outside the museum, but don’t bother unless you have kids to keep you company.
Pros-Cool interactive science exhibits, the rockets.
Cons-Hard to reach by public transportation.
Queens County Farm Museum (QCFM) (Year-round 7 days a week)It is an actual farm in New York City and home to animals your kids can feed and a yard full of a climbing plant whose fruits can be made into wine. Good chance to meet sheep, goats, pigs, chickens and cows! The animals are mostly readily accessible to visitors. And the museum sells feed for young hands willing to get licked by sheep and goats.
Pros-Outdoor fun.
Cons-Expensive festivals, long bus ride, no subway.
Queens Museum of Art (QMA) (Monday and Tuesday Closed)Opened in 1972 to serve as a cultural center for the borough(行政区), it exhibits artworks by local and international artists. Its best exhibits are on the two World’s Fairs, and of course, the Panorama of New York City, a giant, highly detailed diorama(透视画)of all five New York City boroughs.
Pros-The Panorama, great gift shop. Easy subway access.
Cons-Not much for kids.

1． What do MMI and NYHS have in common?
A．They both target people of different ages.
B．They both feature impressive science exhibits.
C．Hands-on experience is available in both places.
D．They are difficult to reach by public transportation.
2．What can we know from the passage?
A．Visitors can often see a rare bird flying in the sky above MMI.
B．There is only one museum people can pay a visit to on any day.
C．The Panorama of the New York City is actually a great gift shop.
D．Kids can climb a plant to pick up fruits and make wine in QCFM.
3．Where can you read the article?
A．From a brochure for visitors.
B．From a history book.
C．From an ad for a project.
D．From a museum poster.
B
When my teenaged son became seriously ill, terrible times for my family began. Our once-happy home became tense and depressed. My husband and I were exhausted under the great stress of caring for my son. It was as if we forgot how to communicate-we couldn’t have a simple conversation without a fighting. Our marriage was on the point of breaking up.
One evening, my son and I were talking about gifts. I recalled my first Valentine’s present from my husband, a kazoo. I was awkward when I received it because I couldn’t get it to make a sound although I am a professional saxophone player. However hard I tried, it just never worked. The kazoo eventually got packed away and forgotten. But my son was interested and insisted on seeing it. After some trouble, I found it.
“You couldn’t get a sound? What’s so hard about it?” my husband asked, amazed. He took the kazoo and blew. Nothing happened. Surprised, he tried again. Still there was no sound. Frustrated, he tried again, only to produce a funny sound like an angry bumblebee trapped in the mouth of a bear. We burst into laughter. My son took a turn to play the kazoo. He did no better than us, causing more laughing.
Seeing his face light up, we felt as if the darkness had lifted and a ray of sunshine was let in. It was the best ten minutes of the past couple of years. The mood stayed light for the rest of the evening. It didn’t solve anything. But this experience with the kazoo brought some change in our hearts that always reminds us that there are still things to laugh at and enjoy, and that we can still connect as a family.
4．What affected the relationship of the couple?
A．Quarrels between the couple over marriage.
B．Different values they shared towards everything.
C．Stress and chaos arising from their son’s serious illness.
D．Lack of money needed for their son’s medical treatment.
5．Why did the husband blow the kazoo personally?
A．He had a love for playing the kazoo. B．He meant to make his son delighted.
C．He wanted to ease a feeling of depression. D．He didn’t think it that hard to play the kazoo.
6．What is the turning point of the story?
A．My failure to get the kazoo to make a sound.
B．The involvement of my husband in playing the kazoo.
C．My memory about the Valentine’s present from my husband.
D．The failed but funny playing of the kazoo by my husband and son.
7．What does the story mainly tell us?
A．Every cloud has a silver lining. B．Parents are the best teachers.
C．Music can cure the hurt souls. D．Misfortunes test the true love.
C
Do you go to the gym to strengthen your body? Well, you may be missing out on training some vital muscles-the ones involved in breathing. New research shows that training these muscles each day can reduce high blood pressure and promote heart health.
“The muscles we use to breathe atrophy, just like the rest of our muscles, as we get older,” explains Daniel Craighead, a physiologist at the University of Colorado Boulder. To test what happens when these muscles are given a good workout, he and his colleagues enlisted healthy volunteers aged 18 to 82 to try a daily five-minute technique using a resistance-breathing training device called PowerBreathe. The device forces the patient to use their breathing muscles to push and pull air through it, making them stronger.
“We found that doing 30 breaths per day for six weeks lowers blood pressure by about 9mmHg (毫米汞柱),” Craighead says. And those reductions are about what could be expected with traditional exercise, he says-such as walking, running or cycling. The impact of a sustained 9mm Hg reduction is significant, says Michael Joyner, a physician at the Mayo Clinic who studies how the nervous system regulates blood pressure.“That’s the type of redaction you see with a blood pressure drug” Joyner says. Research has shown many common blood pressure medicines lead to about a 9 mmHg reduction. The reductions are higher when people combine multiple (多种的) medicines, but a 10 mmHg reduction relates to a 35% drop in the risk of stroke and a 25% drop in the risk of heart disease.
“I think it’s promising.”Joyner says about the prospects of integrating strength training for the muscles used to breathe into preventive care. It could be beneficial for people who are unable to do traditional exercise, he says, and the simplicity is appealing, too, given people can easily use the device at home. However, the technique is not intended to replace exercise, he cautions, or to replace medication for people whose blood pressure is so high that they’re at high risk of having a heart attack or stroke. Instead, Craighead says, “it would be a good additive intervention (干预) for people who are doing other healthy lifestyle approaches already.”
8．What does the underlined word “atrophy” mean in Paragraph 2?
A．Run easily.
B．Age gradually.
C．Calmed slightly.
D．Relax frequently.
9．Which is ineffective to a 9 mmHg reduction on blood pressure?
A．Multiple medicines.
B．Breathing training.
C．Blood pressure devices.
D．Traditional exercise.
10．What’s Joyner’s attitude to the prospects of training the muscles used to breathe?
A．Objective.
B．Negative.
C．Indifferent.
D．Supportive.
11．What is the best title for the text?
A．The Relationship Between Training and Heart Health
B．The Potential Integration of Training and Medicines
C．Medicines Work in Controlling High Blood Pressure
D．Breath Training Helps to Lower High Blood Pressure
D
If you have a high temperature or are recovering from a surgery, it is difficult to be fully focused at work. Sick days are meant to prevent people from hurting themselves, their co-workers, or customers on the job. However, working from home has changed this logic.
The work-from-home revolution has raised the bar for what counts as being sick. At the height of the pandemic, people worked from home even with some serious symptoms such as fever, shortness of breath or sickness. Many still have to.
Nicholas Bloom of Stanford University has been tracking work-from-home habits since before the Covid-19 popularized them. In a recent working paper, he presents the results of a randomized controlled trial at a large multinational company, where sick days fell by 12% for employees working from home compared to those coming in full time.
To be in bed not doing anything means discomfort both physically and mentally. Salaried workers,who are often evaluated on the basis of their attendance, find it hard to call in sick for a few days now that they don’t need to worry about spreading germs in the office. For high-achievers, putting in the hours is not a chore but a way of life. As the economic recession(萧条) puts future job security into question, showing yourself to be useful becomes even more important.
Though all this is understandable, it is also troubling. Being even mildly sick can impair brain function. It is difficult to exercise proper judgment if one cannot focus on the task at hand. It is why people with lower oxygen concentration sometimes remove protective clothes atop Mount Everest some freeze to death. Firing off emails while feeling dizzy will put the body under further stress.
Soldiering on (硬挺) may make the employee both sicker and less productive for longer. Digital presenteeism(超时工作),for that is what such persisting amounts to,is in no one’s interest.
12．How has the work-from-home revolution affected employees?
A．It has popularized relevant studies.
B．It has made it harder to ask for sick leave.
C．It has improved their well-being and health.
D．It has heightened their enthusiasm for work.
13．What can we learn from the study of Nicholas Bloom?
A．Those who work full time tend to get more sick leave.
B．The Covid-19 has popularized work-from-home habits.
C．Whether to take a sick or not is a random choice for you.
D．Work-from-home habits mostly happen in big companies.
14．What might be the biggest concern for the salaried workers on a medical leave?
A．Feeling uncomfortable in bed.
B．Bringing germs to their office.
C．Endangering their current jobs.
D．Failing to be the high-achievers.
15．What will the author probably talk about next?
A．The importance of staying healthy.
B．The future of flexible working habit.
C．The benefits of working from home.
D．The proper attitude to taking a sick leave.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Seventeen government departments released a guideline on Tuesday to boost(提高)the birth rate across the country. ____16____
All counties, cities and provinces are required to set up at least one government-funded maternity(产科医院)and child care institution(机构)to improve the welfare(福利)of pregnant women and newborn babies. ____17____ Tailored campaigns to build more cheaper nursery services, such as day care and kindergartens, are being promoted.
Employers, schools, communities and social organizations are encouraged to offer child care services during the summer and winter vacations.
Workplaces are encouraged to have a flexible working system. Employers can discuss with employees ways of creating a flexible working mechanism(机制), such as a work-from-home system, to help employees solve difficulties in child care, ____18____ The maternity leave system is being improved across the country, helping employees balance work and family, as well as promoting fair employment and career development.
____19____ to ensure the safety of the maternity fund. Unemployed women can enjoy maternity medical care by participating in basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents.
____20____ For example, cities are encouraged to raise the amount of housing loans with lower interest rates to those families.
A．including sending and picking up children from schools and taking care of sick and young children.
B．including losing temper while tutoring children with their homework.
C．The State will draw up a maternity insurance payment policy
D．Families without children will have stricter restrictions on house purchases.
E．Beneficial housing policies are being offered to families with more children.
F．Below are some of the specific measures.
G．More low-cost nursing services will also be provided.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My father never kept anything for emotional purposes-except once. I was the only one in my family who cared about baseball and I always____21____watching my heroes at Yankee Stadium. One winter, I wrote down a schedule for the summer dates and dreamed every night. To my surprise, one evening I saw my father ____22____ it before going out to work.
The following Sunday, he told me, “Let’s put away some money into a ____23____each week, and maybe we can go to Yankee Stadium this summer. ”I ____24____washed out a jar and____25____a label: YANKEE STADIUM FUND, 1960.
Each of us ____26____to the jar weekly. However, we still hadn’t gone to a game because my father had to work every Saturday. So one day, I____27____him of the remaining time, and then he____28____me, “Don’t worry and we’ll have a free Saturday. ”
On the morning of the last game, I was waiting hopelessly with no____29____of my father who had been to work when he suddenly appeared and yelled, “I got two ____30____ !”.
I could hardly ____31____ when we finally sat together, father and son, watching my New York Yankees. I sat cheering, but for my father, all I could see is a face____32____ tiredness from working all week.
In 1963, my father died suddenly while working. In his bedroom, I noticed a ____33____ ticket in his yellowish book, which read, October I, 1960, General Admission. My father, who____34____ nothing for emotional reasons, had decided to keep this, a(n) ____35____ of our afternoon together.
21．A．dreamed of B．passed down C．tried out D．called for
22．A．inspiring B．checking C．tearing D．examining
23．A．bottle B．jar C．brochure D．package
24．A．officially B．patiently C．immediately D．unwillingly
25．A．attached B．identified C．created D．protested
26．A．referred B．contributed C．donated D．attended
27．A．accused B．informed C．inquired D．warned
28．A．rescued B．scolded C．comforted D．encouraged
29．A．signal B．sign C．reply D．company
30．A．images B．riddles C．tickets D．couplets
31．A．breathe B．imagine C．stand D．jump
32．A．filled with B．decorated with C．equipped with D．coupled with
33．A．pretty B．plain C．fresh D．faded
34．A．brought B．abandoned C．produced D．saved
35．A．impression B．gift C．honor D．memory
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
People are freer to travel as China’s transport sector has fine-tuned ____36____ (measure) to further smooth transportation and logistics from Wednesday to respond to the nation’s optimized (优化的) COVID-19 containment measures.
When ____37____ comes to traveling across regions and provinces, passengers are no longer required ____38____ (present) negative results of nucleic acid tests or health codes at public transport venues, according to an optimized guideline issued by the Ministry of Transport on Wednesday. Travelers now going through ____39____ (secure) checks can scan their identity card to enter the stations, ____40____ same procedure used before the epidemic.
A traveler from Tianjin to the capital told Beijing Daily that her Beijing health code returned to normal on Wednesday, ____41____ enabled her to buy a Tianjin-Beijing train ticket, “There were fewer passengers onboard ____42____ (compare) with the days before the epidemic but I believe their numbers ____43____ (recover) soon as more work and production have resumed already,” she said.
Railway services to Beijing from many places such as Zhengzhou of Henan province and Hohhot of Inner Mongolia autonomous region were ____44____ (temporary) canceled for fear of high infection risks, but they have resumed.
Up to now, nucleic acid test facilities ____45____ (remove) at Beijing Fengtai railway station. More relaxed protocols have also been adopted at transport venues across the country.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46．假如你是李华，你的笔友Tom来信向你咨询如何才能学好中文，请你给他回复一封信，内容包括：
1)参加中文学习班，掌握语音语调(四个声调)；
2)看中文节目、报纸和杂志，唱中文歌；
3)写中文日记；
4)背诵经典等。
注意：1)词数100左右；
2)可以适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：语调 intonation;声调 tone;经典作品 classic
Dear Tom,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One particular Thanksgiving, the weather was so beautiful that Mom decided to have dinner on our front lawn. Dad built a long table, and Mom and I rounded up every chair in the house. I did the place settings and made the centerpiece — my favorite job of the year.
My aunt arrived with Uncle Gordon. I watched him walk from the street up the lawn, tall with his blond hair shining in the sun. Another car had pulled up behind them, and Uncle Gordon waited for a slim man to join him. As they walked, he and Gordon chatted. Mom came out of the house and greeted my aunt. Then, with a surprised look, she said hello to Gordon and his friend.
“Who’s this?”
Gordon smiled and told us the man’s name. “A Canuck(法裔加拿大人) from Toronto, like me.”
“Oh,” Mom said uncertainly. “Well, welcome. Leslie, get another place setting and a chair.” She turned to the stranger. “Please have a seat. We’re going to eat in about half an hour. ”I thought the man looked a little funny, but he smiled. “Why, thanks. Thanks a lot.” I did as Mom asked and set a place at the table for the stranger. I put him next to Uncle Gordon so the two friends could recall home. And they did a lot of talking.
After dinner, the man approached my mother with a smile. “Thank you for including me in your Thanksgiving dinner, Joyce. It wasn’t something I was expecting.” Mom frowned, a little confused. “Of course,” she said. “We’re glad you could be here. Do you have Thanksgiving in Canada?”
“Ours is in October. We have turkey, though, just like you.” He smiled. “But this is one of the best Thanksgivings I’ve had. I guess Americans and Canadians aren’t that different, eh?” Then again, he said, “But I never expected this.”
“Gordon’s friend seems nice,” Mom said to my aunt when we were alone in the kitchen.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Gordon’s friend?” my aunt said. “He’s not Gordon’s friend. We don’t know him.”
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“I was, actually, lost in the neighborhood,” replied the stranger.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．C    2．B    3．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了四个博物馆的游览信息。
1．细节理解题。根据Museum of the Moving Image (MMI) (Monday Closed)中的“As the best museum in New York City and with a balance of hands-on(实际操作的)activities and information,(作为纽约市最好的博物馆，它平衡了动手实际操作的活动和信息)”以及New York Hall of Science (NYHS) (Monday Closed)中的“Being New York City’s only hands-on science and technology center, it is an interactive science museum targeting children. (作为纽约市唯一的实际操作科技中心，它是一个针对儿童的互动科学博物馆。)”可知，MMI和NYHS的共同点是都可以进行实际操作的。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Queens County Farm Museum (QCFM)中的“(Year-round 7 days a week) (全年无休，每周7天)”再结合另外三个博物馆的开放时间可知，只有QCFM全年开放，人们在任意一天都能参观，故选B。
3．判断推理题。根据文章介绍了四个博物馆的历史，展出内容，以及提供的活动等，吸引读者前去参观这些博物馆，可知，文章应该是出自给游客的小册子。故选A。
4．C    5．D    6．D    7．A

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和丈夫因为儿子得了重病变得关系不好，但偶然一次吹奏卡祖笛的经历却给家庭带来了欢笑声。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“When my teenaged son became seriously ill, terrible times for my family began. Our once-happy home became tense and depressed. My husband and I were exhausted under the great stress of caring for my son. (当我十几岁的儿子得了重病时，我的家庭开始了可怕的时期。我们曾经幸福的家变得紧张和沮丧。我丈夫和我在照顾儿子的巨大压力下筋疲力尽)”可知，儿子大病带来的压力和混乱影响了这对夫妇的关系。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段中““You couldn’t get a sound? What’s so hard about it?” my husband asked, amazed. He took the kazoo and blew. Nothing happened. Surprised, he tried again.( “你不能发出一点声音吗？这有什么难的？”我丈夫惊讶地问。他拿起卡祖笛吹了起来。什么也没有发生。他很惊讶，又试了一次)”可知，丈夫要亲自吹卡祖笛因为他认为吹卡祖笛没那么难。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Frustrated, he tried again, only to produce a funny sound like an angry bumblebee trapped in the mouth of a bear. We burst into laughter. My son took a turn to play the kazoo. He did no better than us, causing more laughing.(失望之下，他又试了一次，结果只发出了一种有趣的声音，就像一只愤怒的大黄蜂被困在熊的嘴里一样。我们突然大笑起来。我儿子开始玩卡祖笛。他做得并不比我们好，引起了更多的笑声)”可知，故事的转折点是我丈夫和儿子吹卡祖笛失败了，但很有趣。故选D。
7．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“But this experience with the kazoo brought some change in our hearts that always reminds us that there are still things to laugh at and enjoy, and that we can still connect as a family.(但这次和卡祖笛的经历给我们的内心带来了一些改变，它总是提醒我们，仍然有一些事情可以嘲笑和享受，我们仍然可以作为一个家庭联系在一起)”可知，这个故事主要告诉我们凡事都有好的一面。故选A。
8．B    9．C    10．A    11．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍通过锻炼呼吸相关的肌肉，也可以像其他身体锻炼和控制药物一样帮助抑制血压的提升。
8．词义猜测题。由第二自然段划线单词的后半句“just like the rest of our muscles, as we get older,(随着年龄的增长，就像我们其它的肌肉一样)”可知，与呼吸相关的肌肉也会像身体其他部分肌肉一样会随着人体年龄的增长而逐渐衰老，故可猜测，atrophy为“萎缩，老化”的意思，结合选项B项Age gradually“逐渐老化”，意思一致。故选B项。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段““We found that doing 30 breaths per day for six weeks lowers blood pressure by about 9 mmHg,” Craighead says. And those reductions are about what could be expected with conventional exercise, he says —such as walking, running or cycling. The impact of a sustained 9 mmHg reduction is significant, says Michael Joyner, a physician at the Mayo Clinic who studies how the nervous system regulates blood pressure. “That’s the type of reduction you see with a blood pressure drug,” Joyner says. Research has shown many common blood pressure medicines lead to about a 9 mmHg reduction. The-reductions are higher when people combine multiple medicines, but a 10 mmHg reduction relates to a 35% drop in the risk of stroke and a 25% drop in the risk of heart disease.(“我们发现，连续六周每天呼吸30次可以降低血压。9毫米汞柱，”克雷格黑德说。他说，这些减少量与步行、跑步或骑自行车等传统运动的预期结果差不多。梅奥诊所(Mayo Clinic)研究神经系统如何调节血压的医生迈克尔·乔伊纳(Michael Joyner)说，持续减少9毫米汞柱的影响是重大的。乔伊纳说：“这就是降压药所能起到的作用。”研究表明，许多常见的降压药可使血压降低约9毫米汞柱。当人们联合使用多种药物时，降幅会更高，但每减少10毫米汞柱，中风风险就会降低35%，心脏病风险会降低25%)”可知，通过锻炼呼吸相关肌肉、常规的身体锻炼以及综合药物的服用都能有助于血压的有效控制和降低，而血压仪无法起到控制血压升高的作用。故选C项。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““I think it’s promising,” Joyner says about the prospects of integrating strength training for the muscles used to breathe into preventive care. It could be beneficial for people who are unable to do traditional exercise, he says, and the simplicity is appealing, too, given people can easily use the device at home. However, the technique is not intended to replace exercise, he cautions, or to replace medication — for people whose blood pressure is so elevated that they’re at high risk of having a heart attack or stroke.(乔伊纳在谈到将用于呼吸的肌肉力量训练纳入预防保健的前景时表示：“我认为这很有前景。”他说，对于那些无法进行传统锻炼的人来说，它可能是有益的，而且它的简单性也很有吸引力，因为人们可以在家里轻松使用这种设备。然而，他警告说，这项技术并不是为了取代锻炼，也不是为了取代药物——对于那些血压过高、心脏病发作或中风风险很高的人来说)”可知，Joyner肯定对于锻炼身体中与呼吸相关的肌肉有助于血压控制和降低的作用，但不能因此替代常规锻炼和药物控制的作用。由此推知，乔伊纳对训练用于呼吸的肌肉的前景持客观的态度。故选A项。
11．主旨大意题。本篇文章大意以及第一段中“New research shows that training these muscles each day can reduce high blood pressure and promote heart health.(新的研究表明，每天训练这些肌肉可以降低高血压，促进心脏健康)”可知，通过阐述专家的试验研究，分析得出通过锻炼与身体中呼吸相关的肌肉，也可以像其他身体锻炼和控制药物一样帮助抑制血压的提升。由此可知，文章最好的标题是“呼吸训练有助于降低高血压”。故选D项。
12．B    13．A    14．C    15．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了由于自疫情时代以来越来越盛行的“在家上班”文化，员工发现因病向公司请假越来越难的现象。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“The work-from-home revolution has raised the bar for what counts as being sick. At the height of the pandemic, people worked from home even with some serious symptoms such as fever, shortness of breath or sickness. Many still have to.(在家工作的革命提高了病假的标准。在疫情最严重的时候，即使出现发烧、呼吸短促或生病等严重症状，人们也会在家工作。许多人仍然不得不这样做)”可知，在家工作使请假更难。故选B项。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“In a recent working paper, he presents the results of a randomized controlled trial at a large multinational company, where sick days fell by 12% for employees working from home compared to those coming in full time.(在最近的一篇工作论文中，他介绍了在一家大型跨国公司进行的随机对照试验的结果。在这家公司，与全职员工相比，在家办公的员工请病假的天数减少了12%)”可知，全勤去办公室上班的员工往往会得到更多的病假。故选A项。
14．推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Salaried workers,who are often evaluated on the basis of their attendance, find it hard to call in sick for a few days now that they don’t need to worry about spreading germs in the office.(通常以出勤率为考核标准的领薪员工发现，他们很难请几天病假，因为他们不用担心在办公室传播细菌)”以及第四段最后一句“As the economic recession puts future job security into question, showing yourself to be useful becomes even more important.(随着经济衰退使人们对未来的工作保障产生怀疑，展现自己的有用之处就变得更加重要了)”可推知，对于请病假的员工来说，他们可能最担心此举会危及他们的工作。故选C项。
15．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Though all this is understandable, it is also troubling.(尽管这一切都是可以理解的，但也令人不安)”和最后一段最后一句“Digital presenteeism (超时工作), for that is what such persisting amounts to, is in no one’s interest.(数字化超时工作，不符合任何人的利益，这种坚持办公就相当于超时工作)”可知，作者在批评在家带病工作的弊端，由此可推断，接下来应该是提出解决措施，即如何采取恰当的态度来看待请病假。故选D项。
16．F    17．G    18．A    19．C    20．E

【导语】这是一篇报道。文章简要介绍了17个政府部门周二发布的提高全国出生率的指导意见。
16．根据上文“Seventeen government departments released a guideline on Tuesday to boost the birth rate across the country.(17个政府部门周二发布了提高全国出生率的指导意见)”可知，文章接下来要讲具体的指导意见。F项“Below are some of the specific measur.( 下面是一些具体的措施)”承接上文，也引出下文的几种具体措施，承上启下，符合语境。故选F项。
17．根据上文“All counties, cities and provinces are required to set up at least one government-funded maternity and child care institution to improve the welfare(福利)of pregnant women and newborn babies.(所有县、市、省都必须建立至少一个政府资助的妇幼保健机构，以改善孕妇和新生儿的福利)”可知，此处讲了妇幼保健机构为妇幼提供的服务。G项“More low-cost nursing services will also be provided.(还将提供更多低成本的护理服务。)”承接上文，也是讲妇幼保健机构为妇幼提供的服务，与上文意义一致，且与后文“Tailored campaigns to build more cheaper nursery services, such as day care and kindergartens, are being promoted.(为建立更多更便宜的托儿所服务，如日托和幼儿园，量身定制的活动正在推广。)”意义一致，都在说明具体的为妇幼保健提供的服务。故选G项。
18．根据上文“Employers can discuss with employees ways of creating a flexible working mechanism, such as a work-from-home system, to help employees solve difficulties in child care, (雇主可以与员工讨论建立灵活工作机制的方法，例如在家工作制度，帮助员工解决照顾孩子的困难，)”可知，雇主需要考虑员工照顾孩子的困难，根据逗号和谓语can discuss可知，后面应该是非谓语动词。A项“including sending and picking up children from schools and taking care of sick and young children.(包括接送孩子上下学，照顾生病和年幼的孩子。)”属于员工照顾孩子的困难，与上文意义相符，且语法符合该语境。故选A项。
19．根据空后“to ensure the safety of the maternity fund.(确保生育基金的安全)”可知，空处的指导意见有关于生育基金。C项“The State will draw up a maternity insurance payment policy.(国家将制定生育保险支付政策)”说明了国家关于生育保险的政策，与上文意义一致，符合语境。故选C项。
20．根据后文“For example, cities are encouraged to raise the amount of housing loans with lower interest rates to those families.(例如，鼓励城市提高对这些家庭的低息住房贷款。)”可知，政府为提高生育率，在房贷上也做出优惠。E项“eneficial housing policies are being offered to families with more children.(有更多孩子的家庭正在享受有利的住房政策。)”说明了政府对于有更多孩子家庭给予房贷上的照顾，且后文 those families就是指E项中的“families with more children”。故选E项。

21．A    22．B    23．B    24．C    25．A    26．B    27．B    28．C    29．B    30．C    31．A    32．A    33．D    34．D    35．D

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要回忆了作者和父亲为了看一场棒球比赛一起存钱的事情。父亲去世后，作者无意发现父亲还保留着那一天的球票。
21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我父亲除了一次外，从来没有为感情目的保留过任何东西。我是家里唯一一个关心棒球的人，我一直梦想着在洋基球场观看我的英雄。A. dreamed of梦想；B. passed down传递下去；C. tried out试用；D. called for要求。根据上文“I was the only one in my family who cared about baseball”可知，作者喜欢棒球，一直梦想着在洋基球场观看他的英雄。故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，一天晚上，我看到父亲在上班前检看了一下它。A.inspiring激励；B. checking查看；C. tearing撕裂；D. examining考查。根据上文“One winter, I wrote down a schedule for the summer dates and dreamed every night.”可知，作者写了一张行程表。有一天晚上他看到父亲在上班前查看了这张行程表。故选B。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二个星期天，他告诉我，“我们每周把一些钱存进一个罐子里，也许我们今年夏天可以去洋基体育场。”A. bottle瓶子；B. jar罐子；C. brochure手册；D. package包裹。根据下文“washed out a jar”可知，作者的父亲建议每周在一个罐子里放些钱。故选B。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我立刻洗掉一个罐子，贴上一个标签: 扬基体育场基金，1960年。A. officially正式；B. patiently耐心地；C. immediately立即；D. unwillingly不情愿地。根据上文“and maybe we can go to Yankee Stadium this summer”可知，作者得知存完钱后就能去他一直梦想的球场看球，所以他立刻就清洗了一个罐子。故选C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我立刻洗掉一个罐子，贴上一个标签: 扬基体育场基金，1960年。A. attached贴上；B.identified鉴定出；C. created创建；D. protested提出抗议的。根据空后a label可知，作者在罐子上贴上了一个标签。故选A。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们每个人每周都向罐子放钱。A. referred参考；B. contributed贡献；C. donated捐赠；D. attended出席。根据上文“Let’s put away some money into a ____3____each week, and maybe we can go to Yankee Stadium this summer. ”可知，作者和父亲每天都会放钱进去。contribute to“捐助”，此处指把钱放进罐子。故选B。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以有一天，我告诉他剩下的时间，然后他安慰我，“别担心，我们星期六会有空。”A. accused被告；B. informed知会；C. inquired询问；D. warned警告。根据上文“we still hadn’t gone to a game because my father had to work every Saturday”可知，作者知道父亲每个星期六都得上班，所以有一天作者知会父亲剩下的时间，怕他不能陪他去看球。故选B。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以有一天，我告诉他剩下的时间，然后他安慰我，“别担心，我们星期六会有空。”A. rescued拯救；B. scolded斥责；C. comforted安慰；D. encouraged鼓励。根据下文“Don’t worry and we’ll have a free Saturday.”可知，父亲知道了作者的担忧，所以安慰他说周六会有空的。故选C。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在最后一场比赛的早晨，我绝望地等待着，没有看到我父亲的踪影，这时他突然出现并喊道：“我买了两张票！”A. signal信号；B. sign迹象；C. reply答复；D. company公司。根据空前“I was waiting hopelessly”可知，在最后一场比赛的早晨，作者一直在等父亲，说明作者并没有看到父亲踪迹。故选B。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在最后一场比赛的早晨，我绝望地等待着，没有看到我父亲的踪影，这时他突然出现并喊道：“我买了两张票！”A. images图像；B. riddles谜语；C. tickets票；D. couplets对联。根据下文“I noticed a ____13____ ticket in his yellowish book”可知，父亲出现的时候拿着两张买到的球票。故选C。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们父子俩坐在一起看着我的纽约洋基队时，我几乎无法呼吸。A. breathe呼吸；B. imagine想象一下；C. stand站立；D. jump跳。根据空后“when we finally sat together, father and son, watching my New York Yankees. I sat cheering, but for my father”可知，作者终于来到了他梦想中的球场看棒球，所以他激动到无法呼吸。故选A。
32．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我坐在那里欢呼，但对我父亲来说，我所能看到的只是一张脸，脸上充满了整个星期工作的疲惫。A. filled with充满；B. decorated with用……装饰；C. equipped with配备有；D. coupled with外加。根据下文“tiredness from working all week”可知，父亲工作一周，所以脸上充满了疲惫的神色。故选A。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他的卧室里，我注意到他那本发黄的书上有一张褪色的票，上面写着，1960年10月1日，普通入场券。A. pretty漂亮的；B. plain朴素的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. faded褪色的。根据上文“In 1963, my father died suddenly while working.”可知，时间过去了三年，作者的父亲意外去世。所以三年前的这张球票已经褪色。故选D。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我父亲从来没有为感情目的保留过任何东西，所以决定把这件事保留下来，作为我们一起度过的下午的回忆。A. brought带来；B. abandoned废弃；C. produced产生；D. saved保存的。根据文章第一句话“My father never kept anything for emotional purposes-except once.”可知，父亲从来没有为感情目的保留过任何东西。故选D。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父亲从来没有为感情目的保留过任何东西，所以决定把这件事保留下来，作为我们一起度过的下午的回忆。A. impression印象；B. gift礼物；C. honor荣誉；D. memory记忆。根据空后“of our afternoon together”可知，父亲把球票保留下来，作为他们一起度过时光的回忆。故选D。

36．measures    37．it    38．to present    39．security    40．the    41．which    42．compared    43．will recover    44．temporarily    45．have been removed

【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。为了应对中国优化的新冠肺炎防控措施，从周三开始，中国交通运输部门已调整措施，进一步畅通交通和物流，人们的出行更加自由。
36．考查名词的数。句意：为了应对中国优化的新冠肺炎防控措施，从周三开始，中国交通运输部门已调整措施，进一步畅通交通和物流，人们的出行更加自由。measure“措施”是可数名词，措施不止一个，故此处用其复数形式。故填measures。
37．考查固定句型。句意：交通运输部3日发布优化后的《跨地区跨省出行指南》，乘客在公共交通场所不再需要出示核酸检测阴性或健康码。when it comes to...“当谈到，当提到”是固定句型。故填it。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处为require sb. to sth.的被动语态sb. be required to do sth.“某人被要求做某事”，不定式作主语补足语。故填to present。
39．考查名词。句意：现在通过安检的旅客可以扫描身份证进入车站，这与疫情前的程序相同。security check“安检”是固定词组，名词security作定语。故填security。
40．考查冠词。句意同上。same通常和定冠词the搭配，the same procedure“相同的程序”。故填security。
41．考查定语从句。句意：一位从天津到北京的旅客告诉《北京日报》，周三她的北京健康码恢复正常，这使她能够买到天津到北京的火车票。她说：“与疫情发生前相比，车上的乘客少了，但我相信他们的数量很快就会恢复，因为更多的工作和生产已经恢复。”空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“that her Beijing health code returned to normal on Wednesday”，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。句中已有谓语动词were，故空处应填非谓语动词，逻辑主语passengers和compare之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语。故填compared。
43．考查时态。句意同6小题。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，主句为一般现在时，从句陈述将来发生的事情，应用一般将来时。故填will recover。
44．考查副词。句意：由于担心高感染风险，河南郑州和内蒙古呼和浩特等地到北京的铁路服务暂时取消，但现已恢复。修饰动词canceled应用提示词的副词形式。故填temporarily。
45．考查时态。句意：截至目前，北京丰台火车站核酸检测设施已拆除。空处为句子谓语动词，结合语境和时间状语up to now判断为现在完成时，且主语nucleic acid test facilities和remove之间为被动关系，故应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填have been removed。
46．Dear Tom,
I’m glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.
Here are a few suggestions. First of all, you may as well take a Chinese course, as you’ll be able to learn from the teacher and practice with your fellow students. Besides, it is also helpful to learn Chinese songs and read books, newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever possible. What’s more, you can write Chinese diary or recite classic. They will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese. Try and write to me in Chinese next time.
Best wishes!
                                     Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于建议信。假如你是李华，你的笔友Tom来信向你咨询如何才能学好中文，请你给他回复一封信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggestion →advice
此外：in addition→ what’s more
课程：class→ course
有帮助的：useful→ helpful
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.
拓展句：I’m glad to receive your letter in which you ask for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First of all, you may as well take a Chinese course, as you’ll be able to learn from the teacher and practice with your fellow students（运用了as引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】I’m glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.（运用了how to do作宾语）
47．“Gordon’s friend?” my aunt said. “He’s not Gordon’s friend. We don’t know him.” My aunt’s words stunned my mom into silence for several moments before she snapped back to her senses and started to utter again, “So... we’ve been treating a total stranger to dinner this entire evening! What if...” As Mom strived to shake off all the crazy ideas going on in her mind, my aunt beckoned Uncle Gordon into the kitchen with a wave. Upon hearing the news, Uncle Gordon’s eyebrows jerked up in surprise. “Well, at least he acted nice and gentle. You know what? Probably we should just go ask him,” my aunt proposed.
“I was, actually, lost in the neighborhood,” replied the stranger. When asked why he had come to our house, the stranger was quite honest. He described how hospitable we were when he came in, how he had no time to interrupt when Uncle Gordon dragged him into the talks about Canada, and how excited Mom was to introduce her cooking recipes. “It was such a wonderful gathering that I almost forgot my initial intention.” he continued, embarrassed. We burst into laughter and told him to ease off. Seeing him off in the right direction, I couldn’t help but think that the best way to celebrate Thanksgiving would always be to give regardless.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在一次感恩节的时候，一个陌生人来到我们家和我们一起共度感恩节的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“戈登的朋友吗？姑妈说。“他不是戈登的朋友。我们不认识他。”可知，第一段可描写在弄清楚事实之后的故事。
②由第二段首句内容“事实上，我在附近迷路了，”陌生人回答。”可知，第二段可描写陌生人向我们解释为什么来我们家的原因以及我们的感受。
2.续写线索：不认识这个陌生人——弄清楚事实后姨妈和妈妈的感受——决定去问这个陌生人——陌生人的解释——我们终于豁然开朗——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①认识：know/recognize/identify
②.说，讲：utter/speak/say
③.摆脱：shake off /get rid of
情绪类
①.惊讶地：in surprise / in amazement / in astonishment
②.热情好客的：hospitable /warm/enthusiastic
【点睛】 [高分句型1]. As Mom strived to shake off all the crazy ideas going on in her mind, my aunt beckoned Uncle Gordon into the kitchen with a wave.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句。）
[高分句型2]. He described how hospitable we were when he came in, how he had no time to interrupt when Uncle Gordon dragged him into the talks about Canada, and how excited Mom was to introduce her cooking recipes.（运用了连接词how引导的宾语从句。）
[高分句型3]. Seeing him off in the right direction, I couldn’t help but think that the best way to celebrate Thanksgiving would always be to give regardless.（运用了非谓语动词中的现在分词作状语。）