专题04 完形填空-冲刺高考英语大题突破+限时集训（江苏专用）

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专题04 完形填空
冲刺高考英语大题突破
（解析版）

该题目型就是在一篇语境完整的短文中有目的的地挖去一些空，造成信息的中断，让考生在理解短文的基础上，综合运用所学的知识作出合理的分析、判断、从中选出正确的答案，从而是短文主旨鲜明、语义连贯、逻辑严密。

(2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷英语真题)
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our ___41___ are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we ___42___ along Chalk Creek. I was ___43___ that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was ___44___, and his crying let the whole campground know it. So ___45___ tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It ___46___ — he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we ___47___, but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly ___48___ our peaceful morning trip. The ___49___ picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to ______50______ the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No ______51______. We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there ______52______, a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were ______53______.
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of ______54______, wondering what camping fun and ______55______ we will experience next.
41．A．ideas B．jokes C．memories D．discoveries
42．A．camped B．drove C．walked D．cycled
43．A．annoyed B．surprised C．disappointed D．worried
44．A．unhurt B．unfortunate C．uncomfortable D．unafraid
45．A．due to B．instead of C．apart from D．as for
46．A．worked B．happened C．mattered D．changed
47．A．signed up B．calmed down C．checked out D．headed off
48．A．arranged B．interrupted C．completed D．recorded
49．A．wind B．noise C．temperature D．speed
50．A．find B．hide C．start D．fix
51．A．luck B．answer C．wonder D．signal
52．A．patiently B．tirelessly C．doubtfully D．helplessly
53．A．sorry B．brave C．safe D．right
54．A．relief B．duty C．pride D．excitement
55．A．failure B．adventure C．performance D．conflict

【答案】
41．C    42．A    43．D    44．C    45．B    46．A    47．D    48．B    49．A    50．C    51．A    52．D    53．C    54．D    55．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒险，并且作者和家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时候。A. ideas想法；B. jokes笑话；C. memories记忆；D. discoveries发现。根据上文“have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years”以及下文“especially from the early years when our children were little”可知，作者在讲述以前一些经历，这些经历回想起来很有趣，因此作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆是有趣的。故选C项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营；B. drove开车；C. walked散步；D. cycled骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.”可知，作者与家人在过去的十年来有着美妙的露营经历，而此处作者讲述的是其中的一次经历，他们一起在溪边露营。故选A项。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我担心我们15个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. surprised惊讶的C. disappointed失望的；D. worried担心的。根据下文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”可知，作者把一根绳子系在儿子的腰上就是怕自己的孩子会掉进小溪里，所以可知作者对此是很担心的。故选D项。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很不舒服，他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A. unhurt未受伤的；B. unfortunate不幸的；C. uncomfortable不舒服的；D. unafraid无所畏惧的。根据上文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”以及下文“his crying let the whole campground know it”可知，孩子之所以哭是因为身上被绑绳子而感觉不舒服。故选C项。
45．考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切关注着他。A. due to由于；B. instead of代替，而不是；C. apart from除了；D. as for至于。根据上文“He was___4___, and his crying let the whole campground know it.”以及下文“I just kept a close eye on him”可知，因为孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以作者换了另一种方式，选择密切关注他，而不是在他身上绑绳子。故选B项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A. worked起作用；B. happened发生；C. mattered事关紧要；D. changed改变。根据下文“he didn’t end up in the creek.”可知，孩子没有掉进小溪里是因为作者在密切关注着他，以防他掉下去，因此可知作者采取的这种关注小孩而不是用绳子把他绑起来的方式起作用了。故选A项。
47．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. signed up注册，报名；B. calmed down冷静下来；C. checked out退房，结账离开；D. headed off启程，出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文“but storms move in fast in the mountains”可知，天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. arranged安排；B. interrupted中断；C. completed完成；D. recorded记录。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly”以及下文“our peaceful morning trips”可知，因为风暴来临，所以作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A. wind风；B. noise噪音；C. temperature温度；D. speed速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains”以及下文的“thunder rolled.”可知，天气变得很糟糕，大风刮了起来。故选A项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A. find找到；B. hide隐藏；C. start启动；D. fix修理。根据下文“Nothing. He tried again.”以及“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，作者他们被困在湖中央，是因为马达坏了，发动不起来，因此可知作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C项。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有好运。A. luck好运；B. answer回答；C. wonder惊奇；D. signal信号。根据下文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，作者的丈夫再次尝试启动，船依然无法启动，因此可知他们运气很差，没有好运。故选A项。
52．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子并把我们拖了回来。A. patiently耐心地；B. tirelessly不知疲倦地；C. doubtfully怀疑地；D. helplessly无助地。根据上文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，在天气恶劣的情况下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选D项。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们安全了。A. sorry抱歉的；B. brave勇敢的；C. safe安全的；D. right正确的。根据上文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back”可知，作者他们得到了渔夫的帮助，因此作者和家人安全了。故选C项。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. relief救济；B. duty职责；C. pride自豪；D. excitement兴奋。根据上文的“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage”以及下文的“wondering what camping fun”可知，作者他们一看到丈夫把露营车拉出来时，他们就会想知道接下来露营的乐趣是怎么样的，因此可知作者他们是期待接下来的露营，对此充满兴奋之情。故选D项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. failure失败；B. adventure冒险；C. performance表现；D. conflict冲突。根据上文“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of___14___, wondering what camping fun and”以及下文“we will experience next”可知，作者与家人想知道下一次露营的乐趣是什么，因此也十分期待即将经历的冒险。故选B项。
【点睛】


1.【利用关联词汇】
1.利用词汇的的重复或同根词
2.利用意思相同、相近的表达方式
2.【活用逻辑推断】
1.并列或递进
2.因果
3.转折或对立
4.目的
5.层次和顺序
3.【巧用语境提示】
1.根据上文提示
2.根据下文提示
4.【偶用背景常识】
5.【借用情感态度】

Praise for Pioneers in Science
In memory of Marie Curie on her birthday on Saturday, the official website of the Nobel Prize posted a photograph of her notebook saying. “Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia (再生障碍性贫血) on 4 July 1934, a result of years of exposure to radiation through her work. Even today her laboratory notebook from 1899-1902, is ____21____ and will be for 1.500 years.”
The tales of Marie and other scientists of her time are in some sense very ____22____.
Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered X-ray in 1895. A year later, Antoine Henri Becquerel found that some natural substances____23____ rays, too. Later, Marie and her physicist husband, Pierre Curie, gave it a(n)____24____ , radioactivity.
However, the ____25____ effects of radioactivity were not discovered until decades later. Marie and her ____26____ scientists dealt with radioactive substances for decades using little or no protection. Marie’s death is a reminder about the risks pioneers in science ____27____. It was only after people handling radioactive substances began to get similar ____28____ that medical experts asked people to use protection. Today, medical health workers and patients wear heavy protective ____29____ during X-rays.
It is almost _____30_____ that those exploring new frontiers for science are exposing themselves to unknown dangers. There is a(n)_____31_____ for better protection for the pioneers, but that is not possible until the dangers are fully known. For example, the space suits astronauts wear _____32_____ them against radiation. However, only _____33_____ will tell if there are some other unknown dangers.
The contributions and sacrifices by such pioneers to the field of science are_____34_____ and deserving of our respect. Because the pioneers not only _____35_____ new frontiers, but also help us better protect ourselves from unknown surroundings.
21．A．extraordinary B．radioactive C．protective D．creative
22．A．tragic B．inspirational C．romantic D．meaningful
23．A．blocked B．absorbed C．reflected D．emitted
24．A．privilege B．name C．notice D．identity
25．A．scientific B．novel C．sensitive D．harmful
26．A．contemporary B．conservative C．curious D．cautious
27．A．deliver B．relieve C．undertake D．generate
28．A．rewards B．warnings C．diseases D．titles
29．A．glasses B．gloves C．shoes D．covers
30．A．odd B．inevitable C．critical D．intimidating
31．A．focus B．evolution C．demand D．breakthrough
32．A．protect B．fight C．warn D．forbid
33．A．space B．time C．technology D．history
34．A．unmatched B．uplifting C．glorious D．concrete
35．A．extend B．proceed C．mount D．explore

【来源】江苏省南通市海安市2022-2023学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题
【答案】
21．B    22．A    23．D    24．B    25．D    26．A    27．C    28．C    29．D    30．B    31．C    32．A    33．B    34．A    35．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了著名科学家玛丽·居里夫人及其他科学先驱者对科学领域的贡献和牺牲。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使在今天，她1899年至1902年的实验室笔记本仍具有放射性，将持续1500年。A. extraordinary非凡的；B. radioactive放射性的；C. protective保护性的；D. creative有创意的。根据上文“Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia (再生障碍性贫血) on 4 July 1934, a result of years of exposure to radiation through her work.”可知，即使在今天，她的实验室笔记本仍具有放射性。故选B。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从某种意义上说，玛丽和她同时代的其他科学家的故事是非常悲惨的。A. tragic悲惨的；B. inspirational鼓舞人心的；C. romantic浪漫的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据上文“Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia (再生障碍性贫血) on 4 July 1934, a result of years of exposure to radiation through her work.”可知，玛丽和她同时代的其他科学家虽然为科学作出了巨大贡献，但是结局却很悲惨。故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一年后，安托万·亨利·贝克勒尔发现，一些天然物质也会发出射线。A. blocked阻塞；B. absorbed吸收；C. reflected反映；D. emitted发出。根据空后“rays”可知，此处指发出射线。故选D。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，玛丽和她的物理学家丈夫皮埃尔·居里给它起了个名字——放射性。A. privilege特权；B. name名字；C. notice注意；D. identity身份。根据空后“radioactivity”可知，此处指起了一个名字。故选B。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，放射性的有害影响直到几十年后才被发现。A. scientific科学的；B. novel新奇的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. harmful有害的。根据上文“Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia (再生障碍性贫血) on 4 July 1934, a result of years of exposure to radiation through her work.”可知，放射性会产生有害的影响。故选D。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几十年来，玛丽和她同时代的科学家在处理放射性物质时几乎没有防护措施。A. contemporary同时代的；B. conservative保守的；C. curious好奇的；D. cautious谨慎的。根据语境可知，此处指和玛丽同时代的科学家们。故选A。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：玛丽的死提醒人们科学先驱所承担的风险。A. deliver交付；B. relieve缓解；C. undertake承担；D. generate生成。根据上文“the risks pioneers in science”可知，此处指科学先驱所承担的风险。故选C。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：只有在接触放射性物质的人开始患上类似疾病后，医学专家才要求人们采取防护措施。A. rewards奖励；B. warnings警告；C. diseases疾病；D. titles标题。根据空前“get similar”及空后“that medical experts asked people to use protection.”可知，接触放射性物质的人开始患上类似居里夫人的疾病。故选C。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，医护人员和病人在做X光检查时都要戴上厚厚的防护罩。A. glasses眼镜；B. gloves手套；C. shoes鞋子；D. covers防护罩。根据常识可知，医护人员和病人在做X光检查时都要戴上厚厚的防护罩。故选D。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几乎不可避免的是，那些探索科学新领域的人将自己暴露在未知的危险中。A. odd奇怪的；B. inevitable不可避免的；C. critical关键的；D. intimidating令人生畏的。根据下文“There is a(n)　　11　　 for better protection for the pioneers, but that is not possible until the dangers are fully known.”及常识可知，探索新领域时，将自己暴露在未知的危险中是几乎不可避免的。故选B。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有人要求对先驱者进行更好的保护，但在完全了解危险之前，这是不可能的。A. focus焦点；B. evolution进化；C. demand要求；D. breakthrough突破。根据空后“for better protection for the pioneers”可知，有人要求对先驱者进行更好的保护。故选C。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，宇航员穿的宇航服可以保护他们免受辐射。A. protect保护；B. fight战斗；C. warn警告；D. forbid禁止。根据空后“against radiation”可知，此处指保护宇航员免受辐射。故选A。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，只有时间才能证明是否还有其他未知的危险。A. space太空；B. time时间；C. technology技术；D. history历史。根据上文“However, the 　　5　　 effects of radioactivity were not discovered until decades later.”可知，只有时间才能证明是否还有其他未知的危险。故选B。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些先驱者对科学领域的贡献和牺牲是无与伦比的，值得我们尊敬。A. unmatched无与伦比的；B. uplifting人振奋的；C. glorious光荣的；D. concrete具体的。根据上文“It is almost 　　10　　 that those exploring new frontiers for science are exposing themselves to unknown dangers.”可知，这些先驱者对科学领域的贡献和牺牲是无与伦比的。故选A。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为先驱者不仅探索了新的领域，而且还帮助我们更好地保护自己不受未知环境的影响。A. extend扩展；B. proceed进行；C. mount开展；D. explore探索。根据上文“It is almost 　　10　　 that those exploring new frontiers for science are exposing themselves to unknown dangers.”及空后“new frontiers”可知，此处指探索新的领域。故选D。

（A）
（2022·江苏南京·联考一模）
How long have you been going to the same hairdresser or barber? It’s a question that gets us thinking about the unique friendship we ___1___ with our stylists over the years.
You have confidence in each other. You have a laugh together and regularly ___2___ each other’s news. Plus they try to make you look and feel your best. That’s a(n)___3___not only for a great friendship, but also for the perfect relationship with your hairdresser. When you find a good barber, it’s something to ___4___.
Many people have ___5___ experiences with their hairdressers. I’ve had my hair cut by Claire Miller for more than 15 years. She’s taken me through all kinds of ___6___, and she’s helped me find a totally new look now during the post-chemotherapy (化疗后) period with dyed blonde hair!___7___ hairstyles, there have been communications about the joys and trials of motherhood, the ___8___ of health problems and changes in our careers and lives — the stuff of 15 years that we have ___9___ in the three salons Claire has worked in.
While she cut my hair recently, we chatted about that special ____10____ that forms between hairdressers and their clients. “You hear so many stories from them, and sometimes you feel like a counselor ____11____ a hairdresser. You assess their needs, and you know how to react to them,”says Claire.
For Claire, the customer interaction is something she loves about the job and that she has ____12____ developed throughout her working life. “It’s about being human and ____13____ about people. A lot of my clients are my friends and like family now. It’s my ____14____ to cut their hair, making them look and feel good, but I also want them to feel ____15____ by the experience,” laughs Claire.
1．A．break B．promote C．form D．begin
2．A．catch up on B．make up for C．put up with D．end up with
3．A．request B．desire C．occasion D．recipe
4．A．resolve B．remember C．cherish D．evaluate
5．A．reliable B．unforgettable C．imaginable D．inseparable
6．A．shapes B．models C．styles D．sorts
7．A．Besides B．Despite C．Given D．After
8．A．injuries B．emotions C．concerns D．challenges
9．A．brought B．shared C．observed D．emphasized
10．A．link B．role C．habit D．pattern
11．A．other than B．rather than C．less than D．more than
12．A．eventually B．gradually C．immediately D．frequently
13．A．caring B．hanging C．worrying D．talking
14．A．desire B．ambition C．hobby D．job
15．A．fascinated B．struck C．uplifted D．impressed

【答案】
1．C    2．A    3．D    4．C    5．B    6．C    7．A    8．D    9．B    10．A    11．B    12．B    13．A    14．D    15．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了理发师与客人之间的联系。Clarie热爱理发工作，她认为与客人的联系基于日常工作的点滴，并且理发师需要关心客人，才能建立起联系。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个问题让我们想起了多年来我们与造型师之间建立的独特友谊。A. break打破；B. promote促进；晋升；C. form形成；建立；D. begin开始。根据“with our stylists over the years.”可知，这里是指思考和我们熟悉的发型师多年来建立的友情。故选C。
2．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：你们一起欢笑，定期了解彼此的消息。A. catch up on追上；跟进；B. make up for弥补；C. put up with忍受；D. end up with以……为终。根据“You have a laugh together”可知，你和理发师互相会跟进各自发生的事情，即了解彼此的消息。故选A。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不仅是一段伟大友谊的秘诀，也能让你和你的理发师保持完美的关系。A. request要求；B. desire欲望；C. occasion场合；D. recipe秘诀。根据“not only for a great friendship, but also for the perfect relationship with your hairdresser.”可知，互相关心跟进彼此的消息不仅仅是维护友谊的秘方，也适合用于和理发师维护关系。故选D。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你找到一个好理发师，这是值得珍惜的。 A. resolve解决；B. remember记住；C. cherish珍惜；D. evaluate评估。根据“When you find a good barber,”可知，遇到一个好的理发师要珍惜。故选C。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多人和理发师都有难忘的经历。A. reliable可靠的；B. unforgettable无法忘记的；C. imaginable难以想象的；D. inseparable不可分离的。根据后文可知，作者和很多人一样和自己的理发师有着难忘的经历。故选B。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她带我经历了各种各样的风格，她帮助我在化疗后找到了一个全新的面貌，染成金色的头发! A. shapes形状；B. models模型；C. styles款式；风格；D. sorts品种。根据“and she’s helped me find a totally new look now during the post-chemotherapy (化疗后) period with dyed blonde hair!”可知，理发师带着作者看遍所有的发型风格。故选C。
7．考查介词词义辨析。句意：除了发型，我们还交流了做母亲的喜悦和考验，健康问题的挑战，以及我们职业和生活中的变化——我们在克莱尔工作的三家沙龙里分享了15年的事情。A. Besides在……之外；B. Despite尽管；C. Given考虑到；D. After之后。根据“there have been communications about the joys and trials of motherhood, the ___8___ of health problems and changes in our careers and lives”可知，除了发型之外还有其他有趣的话题来谈论。故选A。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了发型，我们还交流了做母亲的喜悦和考验，健康问题的挑战，以及我们职业和生活中的变化——我们在克莱尔工作的三家沙龙里分享了15年的事情。 A. injuries伤害；B. emotions情感；C. concerns担忧；关心；D. challenges挑战。根据“health problems”可知，健康问题所带来的挑战。故选D。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了发型，我们还交流了做母亲的喜悦和考验，健康问题的挑战，以及我们职业和生活中的变化——我们在克莱尔工作的三家沙龙里分享了15年的事情。A. brought带来；B. shared分享；C. observed观察；D. emphasized强调。根据“She’s taken me through all kinds of ___6___, and she’s helped me find a totally new look now during the post-chemotherapy (化疗后) period with dyed blonde hair!___7___ hairstyles, there have been communications about the joys and trials of motherhood, the ___8___ of health problems and changes in our careers and lives”可知，作者和发型师Clarie一起分享了15年所发生的事情。故选B。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近她给我理发时，我们聊起了美发师和客户之间形成的特殊联系。A. link联系；B. role角色；C. habit习惯；D. pattern模式。根据“that forms between hairdressers and their clients.”可知，这里指理发师与客人们建立的一种人与人之间的联系。故选A。
11．考查短语词义辨析。句意：你从他们那里听到了很多故事，有时你觉得自己像个咨询师，而不是理发师。A. other than除了；B. rather than而不是；C. less than比……更少；D. more than比……更多。根据“You assess their needs, and you know how to react to them,”可知，理发师的角色有时候更像顾客的咨询师而不是理发师。故选B。
12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：对Claire来说，与客户的互动是她热爱这份工作的原因，这也是她在整个工作生涯中逐渐培养出来的。A. eventually最终；B. gradually渐渐地；C. immediately立刻地；D. frequently经常地。根据“throughout her working life.”可知，Clarie她热爱这份工作，她与顾客之间的联系是在工作中渐渐建立的。故选B。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是关于为人和关心他人。A. caring关心；B. hanging悬挂；C. worrying担心；D. talking谈论。根据“It’s about being human”可知，理发师的工作就是变得有人情味并且关心他人。故选A。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的工作是给她们剪头发，让她们看起来和感觉都很好，但我也想让她们在这段经历中感到振奋。A. desire欲望；B. ambition雄心；C. hobby爱好；D. job职业。根据“cut their hair, making them look and feel good,”可知，帮助客人理发让他们更好看是她的本职工作。故选D。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的工作是给她们剪头发，让她们看起来和感觉都很好，但我也想让她们在这段经历中感到振奋。A. fascinated使……入迷；B. struck打击；C. uplifted提起；提高（地位）；D. impressed对……有印象。根据“It’s my ___14___ to cut their hair, making them look and feel good,”可知，但是Clarie更希望能让客人在理发过程中感觉情绪被提升。故选C。

（B）
（2022·江苏泰州·泰州中学校考一模）
It was the 2019 summer break. I traveled to a town in rural Xiamen for two weeks to____16____local children with after-school courses.
Although Xiamen is a developed city, there are still many left-behind children in the rural areas who need____17____to summer activities. I overcame many difficulties there, including mosquitoes and the____18____schedule. I also experienced, for the first time in my life, planting rice in the fields, standing ankle-deep in____19____.That experience was a(n)____20____part of my life.____21____teaching the students, we were also receiving life lessons in overcoming difficulties.
The experience of working at the____22____level also broadened my horizons and provided insights I could never have____23____in the college library.
Nowadays, many college students are willing to____24____ volunteer work to their graduation choices. I think they will be more down-to-earth and gain a deeper understanding of_____25_____ conditions after seeing a different China, a country in times of_____26_____.
Like me, most university students are their family’s only child, and they have _____27_____met difficulties. As such, they have to_____28_____their living environment and the rural working by themselves. By_____29_____volunteer work, they learn unforgettable lessons in life and become more sensible and_____30_____.
16．A．equip B．provide C．occupy D．bother
17．A．approaches B．solutions C．commitment D．access
18．A．intense B．flexible C．new D．loose
19．A．mud B．water C．dust D．sand
20．A．typical B．challenging C．valuable D．interesting
21．A．If B．Once C．While D．After
22．A．senior B．international C．individual D．grassroots
23．A．discovered B．presented C．imagined D．discussed
24．A．apply B．add C．prefer D．contribute
25．A．economic B．political C．national D．international
26．A．evolution B．reform C．freedom D．danger
27．A．rarely B．constantly C．accidentally D．personally
28．A．contribute to B．attend to C．react to D．adapt to
29．A．designing B．accepting C．undertaking D．summarizing
30．A．grateful B．attractive C．enthusiastic D．practical

【答案】
16．B    17．D    18．A    19．A    20．C    21．C    22．D    23．A    24．B    25．C    26．B    27．A    28．D    29．C    30．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在厦门农村提供课后课程的经历和感想。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是2019年的暑假。我去厦门农村的一个小镇呆了两周，为当地的孩子们提供课后课程。A. equip装备；B. provide提供；C. occupy占领；D. bother打扰。根据语境和后文“local children with after-school courses”可知，作者为当地的孩子们提供课后课程。故选B项。
17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然厦门是一个发达的城市，但在农村地区仍然有许多留守儿童需要参加暑期活动。A. approaches方式，方法；B. solutions解决方案；C. commitment承诺，保证；D. access通道，入径，获得的机会。根据语境和后文“to summer activities”可知，留守儿童需要参加暑期活动的机会。故选D项。
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里我克服了很多困难，包括蚊子和紧张的日程安排。A. intense紧张的；B. flexible柔韧的；C. new新的；D. loose宽松的，疏松的。根据前文“I overcame many difficulties there”可知，困难包括紧张的日程安排。故选A项。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还生平第一次体验到，在田地里种水稻，站在齐脚踝深的泥里。A. mud泥；B. water水；C. dust灰尘；D. sand沙。根据常识和前文“planting rice in the fields”可知，作者站在泥里。故选A项。
20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那次经历是我人生中很宝贵的一部分。A. typical典型的；B. challenging具有挑战性的；C. valuable有价值的，宝贵的；D. interesting有趣的。根据后文“　　6　　teaching the students, we were also receiving life lessons in overcoming difficulties.”等内容可知，作者认为那次经历非常宝贵。故选C项。
21．考查连词词义辨析。句意：在教导学生的同时，我们也在学习了如何克服困难的生活课程。A. If如果；B. Once一旦；C. While然而，在……期间；D. After在……之后。根据句意可知，后文“teaching the students”和“receiving life lessons”之间是时间关系，教学相长，同时发生。故选C项。
22．考查形容词（名词）词义辨析。句意：在基层工作的经历也开阔了我的视野，提供了我在大学图书馆永远无法发现的见解。A. senior高级的；B. international国际的；C. individual个别的；D. grassroots草根，基层。根据前文“there are still many left-behind children in the rural areas”可知，作者是在基层工作。故选D项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在基层工作的经历也开阔了我的视野，提供了我在大学图书馆永远无法发现的见解。A. discovered发现；B. presented授予；C. imagined想象；D. discussed讨论。根据语境和后文“in the college library”可知，实践中得到的东西无法在图书馆发现。故选A项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，许多大学生都愿意在毕业选择中添加志愿者工作。A. apply应用，申请；B. add添加；C. prefer更喜欢；D. contribute贡献。根据常识和后文“volunteer work to their graduation choices”可知，是在毕业选择中添加志愿者工作。故选B项。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想，在看到一个改革中的中国之后，他们会更加脚踏实地，更加深入地了解国情。A. economic经济的；B. political政治的；C. national国家的；D. international国际的。根据后文“after seeing a different China”可知，此处指“中国国情”。故选C项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，在看到一个改革中的中国之后，他们会更加脚踏实地，更加深入地了解国情。A. evolution进化；B. reform改革；C. freedom自由；D. danger危险。根据常识和前文“a different China”可知，此处指“改革中的中国”。故选B项。
27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：和我一样，大多数大学生都是家里唯一的孩子，他们很少遇到困难。A. rarely很少地；B. constantly不断地；C. accidentally偶然地；D. personally亲自地。根据前文“most university students are their family’s only child”可知，他们生活条件优越，很少遇到困难。故选A项。
28．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：因此，他们必须自己适应自己的生活环境和农村工作。A. contribute to贡献给；B. attend to注意，致力于；C. react to对……有反应；D. adapt to适应。根据语境及后文“their living environment and the rural working”可知，他们必须适应生活和工作环境。故选D项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过做志愿者工作，他们学到了人生中难忘的一课，变得更加理智和实际。A. designing设计；B. accepting接受；C. undertaking承担；D. summarizing总结。根据后文“volunteer work”可知，是承担这项工作。故选C项。
30．考查动形容词词义辨析。句意：通过志愿者工作，他们学到了人生中难忘的一课，变得更加理智和实际。A. grateful感激的；B. attractive有吸引力的；C. enthusiastic热情的；D. practical实际的。基于前文的分析可知，作者去农村做志愿工作，通过实践，发现许多图书馆里永远不会发现的东西。根据前文“By　　14　　volunteer work, they learn unforgettable lessons in life”可知，他们的思想变得更实际。故选D项。

（C）
（2023江苏扬州·高三统考开学考试）
About five years ago, I was part of a pilot group(试验小组) for my employer tasked with figuring out how to hire and train people with disabilities and make them successful inside the organization. My boss was very kind and decided to be the ____31____ for the group. Until then we had only hired people with the visually ____32____.
I led the ____33____ of a candidate with an autism( 自闭症) disability . The candidate had the ____34____ .However, our interview team felt that the disability would ____35____ him learning the skills and being successful.
I convinced my peers to give him a chance to try out—- ____36____ it was a pilot program meant for our organization to learn too. I gave the candidate a lot of ____37____ and I became one of his trainers. Our
HR department was not too supportive to take some risks so we could only hire him as a ____38____ contractor.
The candidate slowly and surely stood out in the workplace. There were many barriers along the way but the candidate came to be ____39____ by his colleagues and his leader. I continued to train him _____40_____ and helped him to get over a number of challenges his disability presented at the workplace.
Fast forward five years, he called me last night to let me know that he got a formal _____41_____ yesterday from his manager as a regular employee with a job title. I. _____42_____ him and told him my joy.
He went on to say “Sir, _____43_____ your support all these years, I would not be here” . I told him “Your success is the _____44_____ of your hard work and persistence. You are an inspiration to a lot of people with _____45_____ disabilities. ”
Isn’t it wonderful that a person with disability succeeds in a workplace?
31．A．sponsor B．interviewee C．follower D．inspector
32．A．involved B．challenged C．advantaged D．varied
33．A．interview B．exam C．department D．group
34．A．disabilities B．experiences C．qualifications D．attitudes
35．A．prevent B．leave C．keep D．send
36．A．in all B．after all C．first of all D．above all
37．A．pressure B．gratitude C．control D．encouragement
38．A．potential B．constant C．permanent D．temporary
39．A．discovered B．ignored C．accepted D．envied
40．A．dramatically B．causally C．carelessly D．closely
41．A．offer B．permit C．answer D．salary
42．A．treated B．comforted C．recognized D．congratulated
43．A．beyond B．without C．despite D．besides
44．A．method B．cause C．reward D．direction
45．A．rare B．serious C．similar D．mental

【答案】
31．A    32．B    33．A    34．C    35．A    36．B    37．D    38．D    39．C    40．D    41．A    42．D    43．B    44．C    45．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了大约五年前，作者是一个试验小组的成员，该小组的任务是找出如何雇佣和指导残疾人，并使他们在组织内取得成功。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的老板很好，决定成为这个小组的赞助人。A. sponsor赞助人；B. interviewee面试者；C. follower跟随者；D. inspector检查员。根据上文“I was part of a pilot group for my employer tasked with figuring out how to hire and train people with disabilities”我是公司试点小组的一员，负责研究如何雇佣和培训残疾人，以及下文“Until then we had only hired people with the visually 　　2　　.”在那之前，我们只雇佣有视觉……的人。结合该句中的“My boss was very kind”可推知，此处为我的老板很好，决定成为这个小组的赞助人。故选A项。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那之前，我们只雇佣有视觉障碍的人。A. involved复杂的，参与的；B. challenged有障碍的，有挑战的；C. advantaged有利的；D. varied多种多样的。根据上文提到的负责研究如何雇佣和培训残疾人，以及该句中的“Until then we had only hired people with the visually”在那之前，我们只雇佣有视觉……的人。可推知，此处为在那之前，我们只雇佣有视觉障碍的人。故选B项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我负责面试一位患有自闭症的候选人。A. interview面试；B. exam考试；C. department部门；D. group小组。根据下文“However, our interview team felt that…”提到面试，可知，此处为我负责面试一位患有自闭症的候选人。故选A项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个候选人有资格。A. disabilities残疾；B. experiences    经历；C. qualifications资格；D. attitudes态度。根据下文“However, our interview team felt that the disability would 　　5　　 him learning the skills and being successful.”However的转折，以及“I convinced my peers to give him a chance…”我说服我的同事给他一个尝试的机会，可推知，此处为这个候选人有资格。故选C项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们的面试团队认为，残疾会阻碍他学习技能和取得成功。A. prevent阻止；B. leave离开；C. keep保持；D. send发送。根据上文提到的我认为这个候选人有资格，以及该句中的However转折，可推知，此处为然而，我们的面试团队认为，残疾会阻碍他学习技能和取得成功。故选A项。
36．考查介词短语辨析。句意：我说服我的同事给他一个尝试的机会——毕竟这是一个试点项目，也是为了让我们的组织学习。A. in all总共；B. after all毕竟；C. first of all首先；D. above all最重要的是。根据上文提到的我说服我的同事给他一个尝试的机会，以及该句中的“it was a pilot program meant for our organization to learn too.”这是一个试点项目，也是为了让我们的组织学习。可推知，此处为我说服我的同事给他一个尝试的机会——毕竟这是一个试点项目，也是为了让我们的组织学习。故选B项。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我给了候选人很多鼓励，我成为了他的培训师之一。A. pressure压力；B. gratitude感激；C. control控制；D. encouragement鼓励。根据句意以及该句中的“and I became one of his trainers.”可知，此处为我给了候选人很多鼓励，我成为了他的培训师之一。故选D项。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人力资源部门不太支持承担一些风险，所以我们只能雇用他作为临时合同工。A. potential潜在的；B. constant持续不断的；C. permanent永久的；D. temporary临时的。根据该句中的“Our HR department was not too supportive to take some risks”人力资源部门不太支持承担一些风险，可推知，此处为我们的人力资源部门不太支持承担一些风险，所以我们只能雇用他作为临时合同工。故选D项。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一路上有许多障碍，但这位候选人最终被他的同事和领导所接受。A. discovered发现；B. ignored忽视；C. accepted接受；D. envied羡慕。根据该句中的“There were many barriers along the way”以及but转折，可推知，此处为一路上有许多障碍，但这位候选人最终被他的同事和领导所接受。故选C项。
40．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我继续密切地培训他，帮助他克服了残疾在工作中带来的许多挑战。A. dramatically戏剧性地；B. causally随意地；C. carelessly粗心地；D. closely密切地。根据句意以及该句中的“and helped him to get over a number of challenges his disability presented at the workplace.”帮助他克服了残疾在工作中带来的许多挑战，可知，此处为我继续密切地培训他，帮助他克服了残疾在工作中带来的许多挑战。故选D项。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：五年后，他昨晚打电话给我，告诉我昨天他的经理给了他一份正式的工作，给了他一个正式的职位。A. offer录取，职位；    B. permit允许；C. answer回答；D. salary工资。根据该句中的“from his manager as a regular employee with a job title.”以及下文“and told him my joy”可推知，此处为他昨晚打电话给我，告诉我昨天他的经理给了他一份正式的工作，给了他一个正式的职位。故选A项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向他表示祝贺，并告诉他我很高兴。A. treated对待；B. comforted安慰；C. recognized认识；D. congratulated祝贺。根据上文提到的他昨晚打电话给我，告诉我昨天他的经理给了他一份正式的工作，给了他一个正式的职位。可知，此处为我向他表示祝贺，并告诉他我很高兴。故选D项。
43．考查介词词义辨析。句意：他接着说：“先生，如果没有您这些年来的支持，我就不会站在这里。”A. beyond超过；B. without没有；C. despite尽管；D. besides除……之外。根据该句中的“I would not be here”可推知，此处为如果没有您这些年来的支持，我就不会站在这里。故选B项。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的成功是你努力工作和坚持不懈的回报。A. method方法；B. cause原因；C. reward回报；D. direction方向。根据句意以及该句中的“your hard work and persistence”可知，此处为你的成功是你努力工作和坚持不懈的回报。故选C项。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你激励了很多有类似残疾的人。A. rare稀有的；B. serious严肃的；C. similar类似的；D. mental精神的。根据句意以及下文“Isn’t it wonderful that a person with disability succeeds in a workplace?”一个残疾人在工作场所取得成功，这不是很美妙吗？说明一个广泛的事实。可推知，此处为你激励了很多有类似残疾的人。故选C项。


（D）
（2022江苏无锡·高三统考试卷）
Behind the city of Colorado Springs stands a mountain which is popular among local hikers. The ____46____ hiker is generally always told that the hike will take all day to go up and back. He is told to start early and to set a strong, steady pace for the journey will be ____47____. The hiker who follows this advice and plans accordingly can be easily ____48____ and even become angry or confused on ____49____ the beginning of the trail, because he can see that the hike to the summit (山顶) and back would take far less than half a day easily at even the most relaxed ____50____.
And so he ____51____ his plans. He climbs up the trail wandering frequently from the path, taking many side-trips. He stops to play and to ____52____ on some of the supplies he brings since he won’t need so much for such a short trip. This he does ____53____ about half way through the day when he finally climbs to the summit only to discover that it is his eyes that have ____54____ him and not the words of those who have gone before. For he now stands on a false summit which has ____55____ his view of the higher summit far above.
Realizing his lack of foresight, this hiker now quickly ____56____ his time and decides that if he pushes himself hard enough he can still make it to the summit. And so he ____57____ at a wild pace, crashing through the bush until at last he reaches his destination and looks up at still another summit. You see, the mountain has two ____58____ summits, both of which must be traveled over before reaching the real goal. It getting dark, our exhausted hiker has no choice but to return sadly. He will try again another day.
____59____, we are not so fortunate in our journey through life. There are many false summits, and if you struggle for only those goals which you can see, you will fall far short of the ____60____ goal.
46．A．crazy B．anxious C．fortunate D．inexperienced
47．A．exciting B．difficult C．boring D．smooth
48．A．satisfied B．terrified C．amazed D．disappointed
49．A．reaching B．changing C．imagining D．choosing
50．A．pace B．mood C．tone D．breath
51．A．makes B．changes C．forgets D．remembers
52．A．drop B．count C．snack D．concentrate
53．A．until B．since C．after D．before
54．A．shocked B．cheated C．helped D．guided
55．A．hidden B．caught C．blocked D．broadened
56．A．realizes B．recalls C．reproduces D．reevaluates
57．A．sets off B．turns up C．catches up D．brings about
58．A．high B．false C．beautiful D．dangerous
59．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Meanwhile
60．A．genuine B．specific C．ambitious D．immediate

【答案】
46．D    47．B    48．D    49．A    50．A    51．B    52．C    53．A    54．B    55．C    56．D    57．A    58．B    59．B    60．A
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者从爬山的角度出发，告诉我们要认清楚目标，不能被假的目标欺骗，如果只为那些看得见的目标而奋斗，那么离真正的目标就差得远了。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有经验的徒步旅行者通常总是被告知徒步要花上一整天的时间。A. crazy疯狂的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. fortunate幸运的；D. inexperienced没有经验的。根据下文“the hike will take all day to go up and back. He is told to start early and to set a strong, steady pace”可知，没有经验的徒步旅行者通常总是被告知徒步要花上一整天的时间。故选D。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他被告知要尽早出发，并设定一个强劲、稳定的步伐，因为这将是一段艰难的旅程。A. exciting令人激动的；B. difficult艰难的；C. boring令人无聊的；D. smooth光滑的。根据上文“set a strong, steady pace”可知，他被告知要尽早出发，并设定一个强劲、稳定的步伐，因为这将是一段艰难的旅程。故选B。
48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：遵循这一建议并相应地制定计划的登山者很容易失望，甚至在到达小径的起点时变得愤怒或困惑，因为他可以看到，即使以最轻松的速度，徒步到山顶并返回也只需不到半天的时间。A. satisfied满意的；B. terrified害怕的；C. amazed惊讶的；D. disappointed失望的。根据下文“even become angry or confused”可知，遵循这一建议并相应地制定计划的登山者很容易失望。故选D。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：遵循这一建议并相应地制定计划的登山者很容易失望，甚至在到达小径的起点时变得愤怒或困惑，因为他可以看到，即使以最轻松的速度，徒步到山顶并返回也只需不到半天的时间。A. reaching到达；B. changing改变；C. imagining想象；D. choosing选择。根据下文“the beginning of the trail, because he can see that the hike to the summit (山顶) and back would take far less than half a day easily”可知，遵循这一建议并相应地制定计划的登山者很容易失望，甚至在到达小径的起点时变得愤怒或困惑，因为他可以看到，即使以最轻松的速度，徒步到山顶并返回也只需不到半天的时间。故选A。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：遵循这一建议并相应地制定计划的登山者很容易失望，甚至在到达小径的起点时变得愤怒或困惑，因为他可以看到，即使以最轻松的速度，徒步到山顶并返回也只需不到半天的时间。A. pace速度；B. mood情绪；C. tone语气；D. breath呼吸。根据上文“He is told to start early and to set a strong, steady pace for the journey”和“at even the most relaxed”可知，此处表示“即使以最轻松的速度，徒步到山顶并返回也只需不到半天的时间”。故选A。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以他改变了计划。A. makes制作；B. changes改变；C. forgets忘记；D. remembers记得。根据下文“He climbs up the trail wandering frequently from the path, taking many side-trips”可知，他改变了计划。故选B。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他停下来玩耍，并吃了一些他带来的食物，因为在这么短的旅行中他不需要这么多。A. drop下降；B. count数数；C. snack吃零食；D. concentrate集中。根据下文“on some of the supplies he brings”可知，他停下来玩耍，并吃了一些他带来的食物，空格处意为“吃零食”。故选C。
53．考查连词词义辨析。句意：他一直这样做，直到中午，当他终于爬上山顶时，才发现欺骗他的是他的眼睛，而不是前面那些人说的话。A. until直到；B. since自从；C. after在……之后；D. before在……之前。根据下文“about half way through the day when he finally climbs to the summit”可知，他一直这样做，直到中午。故选A。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一直这样做，直到中午，当他终于爬上山顶时，才发现欺骗他的是他的眼睛，而不是前面那些人说的话。A. shocked使震惊；B. cheated欺骗；C. helped帮助；D. guided指导。根据下文“For he now stands on a false summit”可知，当他终于爬上山顶时，才发现欺骗他的是他的眼睛。故选B。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为他现在站在一个虚假的顶峰上，挡住了他对更高的顶峰的视线。A. hidden躲藏；B. caught抓住；C. blocked挡住；D. broadened变宽。根据下文“his view of the higher summit far above”可知，他现在站在一个虚假的顶峰上，挡住了他对更高的顶峰的视线。故选C。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：意识到自己缺乏远见，这位徒步旅行者现在迅速重新评估了他的时间，并决定如果他足够努力，他仍然可以到达山顶。A. realizes意识到；B. recalls回想起；C. reproduces繁殖；D. reevaluates重新评估。根据下文“decides that if he pushes himself hard enough he can still make it to the summit”可知，这位徒步旅行者现在迅速重新评估了他的时间。故选D。
57．考查动词短语辨析。句意：于是他狂奔着出发了，穿过灌木丛，终于到达了目的地，抬头看到了另一座山顶。A. sets off出发；B. turns up出现；C. catches up赶上；D. brings about带来。根据下文“at a wild pace, crashing through the bush until at last he reaches his destination”可知，于是他狂奔着出发了，穿过灌木丛。故选A。
58．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你看，这座山有两个假山顶，要想到达真正的目的地，必须先翻过这两个假山顶。A. high高的；B. false假的；C. beautiful美丽的；D. dangerous危险的。根据下文“both of which must be traveled over before reaching the real goal”可知，这座山有两个假山顶。故选B。
59．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我们的人生旅途中，我们并没有那么幸运。A. Besides此外；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Meanwhile同时。根据下文“we are not so fortunate in our journey through life”可知，然而，在我们的人生旅途中，我们并没有那么幸运。故选B。
60．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虚假的高峰有很多，如果你只为那些看得见的目标而奋斗，那么你离真正的目标就差得远了。A. genuine真正的；B. specific具体的；C. ambitious有抱负的；D. immediate即时的。根据上文“There are many false summits, and if you struggle for only those goals which you can see”可知，虚假的高峰有很多，如果你只为那些看得见的目标而奋斗，那么你离真正的目标就差得远了。故选A。

（E）
（2023江苏·高三统考开学考试）
At 20, I was scared and lonely. My laptop was filled with the beginning of novels, half-finished song lyrics (歌词) — things I’d started with teenage ____61____ only to be disappointed by my lack of creativity. I was ____62____ trying to find a new way to approach life, with no one to ____63____ me in the right direction.
One Saturday, I went to a training day for my school’s new journalism team. The teacher suggested I start a blog as a good way to get into ____64____. Bored and in need of a ____65____, I immediately set up a Blogger account.
As I typed post after post in the months that followed, I assumed I would run out of ____66____. But somehow writing about the news and, later, about ____67____, came easily. Here was something interesting that required only a laptop and an ____68____. I loved the research that went into each post, loved being able to ____69____ what interested me and loved finding just the right phrase to describe how I ____70____. I found something I was good at and more importantly, something I ____71____.
I kept posting and slowly I got better. I ____72____, edited and even learned how to employ a metaphor. It wasn’t long until my mind was made up: I was going to be a(n) ____73____.
Seven years later, I am having just completed a fantastic placement (实习) in a local newspaper. I have never been so ____74____ to my younger self for actually listening to the one piece of advice that turned out to ____75____ most.
61．A．confusion B．maturity C．enthusiasm D．innocence
62．A．praised B．stuck C．tricked D．punished
63．A．defend B．force C．point D．join
64．A．socializing B．advertising C．debating D．writing
65．A．project B．course C．tour D．budget
66．A．steam B．time C．money D．luck
67．A．events B．myself C．celebrities D．society
68．A．idea B．option C．excuse D．answer
69．A．transform B．reject C．predict D．explore
70．A．acted B．felt C．developed D．succeeded
71．A．resisted B．remembered C．explained D．enjoyed
72．A．redrafted B．copied C．deleted D．published
73．A．composer B．instructor C．journalist D．adventurer
74．A．friendly B．helpful C．mean D．grateful
75．A．matter B．differ C．cost D．happen

【答案】
61．C    62．B    63．C    64．D    65．A    66．A    67．B    68．A    69．D    70．B    71．D    72．A    73．C    74．D    75．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者想尝试一种新的生活方式，但是无人指点，一次作者听从了老师让自己写博客的建议，从而发现了自己擅长和喜欢的事，自己不再孤单和害怕，找到了人生目标。
61．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的笔记本电脑里装满了小说的开头，还有写了一半的歌词——这些都是我带着青少年的热情开始做的事情，结果却因为缺乏创造力而失望。A. confusion混乱；B. maturity成熟；C. enthusiasm热情；D. innocence清白。根据前文“At 20, I was scared and lonely. My laptop was filled with the beginning of novels, half-finished song lyrics”可知，作者20岁时，电脑里都是小说开头和写了一半的歌词，结合实际，这些都是带着年少时的热情做的事。故选C项。
62．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直在寻找一种新的生活方式，却没有人给我指明正确的方向。A. praised表扬；B. stuck困(于)；C. tricked欺骗；D. punished处罚。根据后文“with no one to 　　　　3　　　　 me in the right direction.”可知，作者尝试寻找一种新的生活方式，但是无人指点，所以是被困住了。故选B项。
63．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直在寻找一种新的生活方式，却没有人给我指明正确的方向。A. defend保护；B. force强迫；C. point指路；D. join参加。根据前文“I was 　　　　2　　　　 trying to find a new way to approach life”可知，作者在尝试寻找一种新的生活方式时，被困住了，因为没人指点他。故选C项。
64．考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师建议我开始写博客，作为进入写作的好方法。A. socializing交际；B. advertising登广告；C. debating讨论；D. writing写作。根据后文“As I typed post after post in the months that followed”可知，作者开始在博客上写作，所以是进入写作的好方法。故选D项。
65．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于感到无聊和需要一个项目，我立即建立了一个博客帐户。A. project项目；B. course课程；C. tour旅行；D. budget预算。根据前文“I was 　　　2　　　　　 trying to find a new way to approach life”以及“Bored”可知，作者尝试一种新的生活方式，以及现在很无聊，所以是需要一个项目。故选A项。
66．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个月里，当我一篇又一篇地发帖时，我以为自己会精疲力竭。A. steam精力、力量；B. time时间；C. money金钱；D. luck运气。根据后文“But somehow writing about the news and, later, about 　　　　7　　　　, came easily.”可知，作者以为写作会让自己精疲力竭，谁知确很容易。故选A项。
67．考查名词/代词词义辨析。句意：但不知何故，写新闻，后来写我自己，都很容易。A. events大事；B. myself我自己；C. celebrities名人；D. society社会。根据后文“loved finding just the right phrase to describe how I 　　　　10　　　　.”可知，后来作者开始写自己的感受，所以是写他自己。故选B项。
68．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这里有一些有趣的东西，只需要一台笔记本电脑和一个想法。A. idea想法；B. option选项；C. excuse借口；D. answer回答。根据前文“But somehow writing about the news and, later, about 　　　　7　　　　, came easily.”可知，作者觉得写博客简单，结合常识，因为只要一台电脑和一个想法就行。故选A项。
69．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢每篇文章中的研究，喜欢能够探索我感兴趣的东西，喜欢找到合适的短语来描述我的感受。A. transform使改变；B. reject拒绝；C. predict预测；D. explore探索。根据前文“I loved the research that went into each post”以及本句结构可知，本句是排比句，空处应和research意思相近，结合选项，应是D项explore“探索”符合题意。故选D项。
70．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢每篇文章中的研究，喜欢能够探索我感兴趣的东西，喜欢找到合适的短语来描述我的感受。A. acted行动；B. felt感觉；C. developed成长；D. succeeded成功。根据前文“loved being able to 　　　　9　　　　 what interested me and loved finding just the right phrase to describe”可知，本句是排比句，前句是在描写能够探索作者感兴趣的东西，空处和此对饮，结合选项，所以空处应是找到合适的短语来描述作者的感受。故选B项。
71．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我找到了自己擅长的东西，更重要的是，找到了自己喜欢的东西。A. resisted抵制；B. remembered记得；C. explained解释；D. enjoyed喜爱。根据前文“My laptop was filled with the beginning of novels, half-finished song lyrics”以及“I found something I was good at and more importantly”可推知，作者是喜欢写作的，所以这里是找到了擅长的东西，更重要的是，找到了自己喜欢的东西。故选D项。
72．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我重新起草、编辑，甚至学会了如何使用隐喻。A. redrafted重新起草；B. copied复制；C. deleted删去；D. published出版。根据前文“I kept posting and slowly I got better.”可知，作者的写作能力提高了，所以是对自己写的文章，重新起草和编辑。故选A项。
73．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没过多久我就下定决心:我要当一名记者。A. composer作曲家；B. instructor讲师；C. journalist新闻记者；D. adventurer冒险家。根据后文“Seven years later, I am having just completed a fantastic placement (实习) in a local newspaper.”可知，作者是想成为一名记着。故选C项。
74．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从未如此感激年轻时的自己，因为我听从了一条后来证明最重要的建议。A. friendly友好的；B. helpful有用的；C. mean吝啬的；D. grateful感激的。根据后文“my younger self for actually listening to the one piece of advice that turned out to 　　　　15　　　　 most.”可知，作者年轻时听从了一条后来证明最重要的建议，所以是感谢年少时的自己。故选D项。
75．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从未如此感激年轻时的自己，因为我听从了一条后来证明最重要的建议。A. matter有重大影响；B. differ有区别；C. cost使损失；D. happen发生。通读全文可知，作者想尝试一种新的生活方式，但是无人指点，一次作者听从了老师让自己写博客的建议，从而发现了自己擅长和喜欢的事，自己不再孤单和害怕，所以是最重要的建议。故选A项。

（F）
（2023江苏盐城·高三统考试卷）
Milo is a rescue dog, adopted by 20-year-old Makayla Swift. One morning in November 2021, Swift opened her front door and Milo ____76____  running. “I couldn’t catch him,” she said.
Milo ran to a house across the street. He seemed ____77____ with this house, so he ran to the one next door, Swift on his____78____.
When it started scratching (抓挠) on the front door, Swift was____79____. Not everyone wants a____80____ dog on their property. But as she tried to ____81____ Milo away, she could hear a sound coming through an open upstairs window. It was a voice crying “Help!”
Hours earlier, Sherry Starr, 85, had just____82____ around 4 am. “All of a sudden, standing there between the toilet and the bathtub, I ____83____.” she said, “I went down hard on the floor.” “I could not move at all,” said Starr, who was ____84____ between the toilet and the bathtub, Starr was feeling _____85_____ all over, but more than anything, she was scared. “I’m thinking: I’m just going to die here.”
Her best _____86_____, she decided, was to listen for the letter carrier in the afternoon. For the next few hours, Starr _____87_____ crying: “Help! Help! Help!"
“Her voice was very _____88_____,” said Swift. “You had to be right on the spot to hear Mrs. Starr cry for_____89_____ unless you were Milo, who had _____90_____ heard Starr the instant I had opened the own front door.” Swift called 911 and soon medical staff helped her out.
76．A．took off B．cleared of C．came around D．wandered around
77．A．concerned B．annoyed C．impressed D．delighted
78．A．tail B．right C．back D．front
79．A．depressed B．inspired C．amused D．embarrassed
80．A．cute B．faithful C．strange D．gentle
81．A．send B．turn C．drag D．throw
82．A．calmed down B．lain down C．sat up D．risen up
83．A．dived B．delayed C．skipped D．slipped
84．A．found B．stuck C．hidden D．placed
85．A．pain B．ease C．strength D．anger
86．A．bet B．result C．role D．guess
87．A．imagined B．regretted C．practiced D．stopped
88．A．familiar B．clear C．soft D．different
89．A．freedom B．mercy C．peace D．help
90．A．eventually B．apparently C．randomly D．frequently

【答案】
76．A    77．B    78．A    79．D    80．C    81．C    82．D    83．D    84．B    85．A    86．A    87．C    88．C    89．D    90．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是一只小狗在听到对面邻居家微弱的呼救声而产生的怪异行为，救了一位85岁的老人的故事。
76．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：2021 年 11 月的一个早晨，斯威夫特打开了她的前门，米洛跑了起来。A. took off突然离去；B. cleared of清除，扫清；C. came around苏醒；D. wandered around四处流浪。根据下文中的““I couldn’t catch him,” she said.”可知，此处指的是小狗突然失控跑起来。故选A项。
77．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他似乎对这所房子很恼火，所以他跑到隔壁的房子，斯威夫特紧随其后。A. concerned担心的B. annoyed恼怒的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. delighted高兴的。根据下文中的“so he ran to the one next door”可知，这只小狗对这一个不满意，又去了下一家。故选B项。
78．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他似乎对这所房子很恼火，所以他跑到隔壁的房子，斯威夫特紧随其后。A. tail尾巴；B. right右面；C. back后面；D. front前面。根据上文中的“so he ran to the one next door”可知，Swift应该是紧随其后，故选A项。
79．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当它开始在前门上抓挠时，斯威夫特感到尴尬。A. depressed忧郁的；B. inspired受启发的；C. amused愉快的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文中的“When it started scratching (抓挠) on the front door”以及下文中的“Not everyone wants a____5____ dog on their property.”可知，斯威夫特觉得自己的狗去陌生人家抓挠会让人觉得很尴尬。故选D项。
80．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不是每个人都想在他们的地盘上养一只奇怪的狗。A. cute可爱的；B. faithful忠诚的；C. strange奇怪的；D. gentle温柔的。根据上文中的“When it started scratching (抓挠) on the front door, Swift was____4____.”可知，这只狗的行为是很怪异的。故选C项。
81．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当她试图把米洛拖走时，她听到一个声音从楼上打开的窗户传来。A. send发送；B. turn转向；C. drag拖，拉；D. throw扔，投。结合常识和语境可知，当自己家的狗在陌生人家门口抓挠，主人的反应应该时将其“拖走”。故选C项。
82．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：几个小时前，85岁的Sherry Starr在凌晨4点左右刚刚起床。A. calmed down平静下来；B. lain down放下；C. sat up端坐；D. risen up上升。根据下文中的时间状语“around 4 am.”可知，此时应该是这位老人醒来的时间。故选D项。
83．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“突然间，站在马桶和浴缸之间，我滑倒了，”她说，“我狠狠地摔在地板上。A. dived下潜；B. delayed延误；C. skipped跳过；D. slipped滑动。根据下文中的““I went down hard on the floor.” “I could not move at all,” said Starr”可知，老人应该是不小心滑倒了。故选D项。
84．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我根本不能动，”斯塔尔说，她被卡在马桶和浴缸之间，斯塔尔感到全身疼痛，但最重要的是，她很害怕。A. found发现；B. stuck粘贴，困住；C. hidden隐藏；D. placed放置。根据上文中的““I could not move at all,” said Starr”可知，老人斯塔尔应该是被困在马桶和浴缸之间。故选B项。
85．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我根本不能动，”斯塔尔说，她被卡在马桶和浴缸之间，斯塔尔感到全身疼痛，但最重要的是，她很害怕。A. pain疼痛；B. ease轻松；C. strength力量；D. anger生气。根据上文中的““I went down hard on the floor.” “I could not move at all,” said Starr”可知，老人重重的摔倒在地，应该是感觉到疼痛。故选A项。
86．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她决定，她最好的选择是下午听信使。A. bet赌注；B. result结果；C. role角色，作用；D. guess猜测。根据下文中的“she decided, was to listen for the letter carrier in the afternoon.”可知，此处指的是斯塔尔老人赌一把，希望信使能够及时到来发现自己。故选A项。
87．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个小时里，斯塔尔就开始练习哭喊:“救命！救命！救命！”A. imagined想象；B. regretted后悔；C. practiced训练；D. stopped停止。根据上文中的“Her best ____11____, she decided, was to listen for the letter carrier in the afternoon.”可知，斯塔尔老人在下定主意后，开始练习求救，以便信使可以听到。故选C项。
88．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“她的声音很轻，”斯威夫特说。A. familiar熟悉的；B. clear清楚的；C. soft柔软的；D. different不同的。根据下文中的““You had to be right on the spot to hear Mrs. Starr cry for____14____ unless you were Milo”可知，斯塔尔老人的呼救声很弱，必须站在正门口才能听到。故选C项。
89．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你必须在现场听到斯塔尔太太的呼救声，除非你是米洛，在我打开自己前门的那一刻，她显然听到了斯塔尔的声音。A. freedom自由；B. mercy同情；C. peace和平；D. help帮助。根据上文中的“For the next few hours, Starr ____12____ crying: “Help! Help! Help!””可知，此处指的是老人的求救声。故选D项。
90．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“你必须在现场听到斯塔尔太太的呼救声，除非你是米洛，在我打开自己前门的那一刻，她显然听到了斯塔尔的声音。A. eventually最终；B. apparently明显地；C. randomly随机地；D. frequently频繁地。根据上文中的“You had to be right on the spot to hear Mrs. Starr cry for____14____ unless you were Milo,”以及下文中的“heard Starr the instant I had opened the own front door.”可知，此处是在分析小狗米洛能听到斯塔尔老人呼叫声的原因，结合语境可知，此处为“很显然，很明显”表示这是一种合理的解释。故选B项。

（G）
（2022江苏南通·高三统考试卷）
As a teenager, Shannyn, was shocked to discover grey hairs coming through. It was the ___91___ thing the 16­year­old wanted to see, and it led to ___92___ from her unkind classmates, who said she was looking “old”.
In order to ___93___, she started visiting a salon every six weeks to have her hair dyed black. It was a heavy ___94___.
But it was money well ___95___ for the teen because she no longer stood out as “old” looking. However, as her 30th birthday approached, she ___96___ she was finally ready to go natural and took the ___97___ to stop dying her hair.
“It’s incredibly healthy because it’s not ___98___ with chemicals. It’s not weighed down or anything like that, it’s really nice,” she said.
___99___ to the salon were no longer necessary and she also saved herself a ____100____ in the process. Four years since she made the decision, Shannyn is still ____101____ with her silvery hairs.
Women’s valuing their grey colour has gained ____102____ since the pandemic lockdowns, and Shannyn was far ____103____ for she committed to it several years ago.
If you can ____104____ your true self, then you’ve crossed the line that not many women in today’s society can do, and that’s indeed great ____105____.
91．A．right B．last C．cool D．natural
92．A．anxiety B．excitement C．passion D．rudeness
93．A．fit in B．give in C．take over D．turn over
94．A．damage B．workload C．exercise D．expense
95．A．prepared B．spent C．organized D．suited
96．A．decided B．argued C．demanded D．valued
97．A．advice B．trouble C．step D．lesson
98．A．forced B．compared C．covered D．confused
99．A．Approaches B．Invitations C．Visits D．Responses
100．A．lesson B．fortune C．dream D．shadow
101．A．pleased B．cautious C．friendly D．patient
102．A．courage B．qualification C．experience D．popularity
103．A．beyond B．behind C．away D．ahead
104．A．remember B．embrace C．transform D．improve
105．A．power B．care C．mind D．luck

【答案】
91．B    92．D    93．A    94．D    95．B    96．A    97．C    98．C    99．C    100．B    101．A    102．D    103．D    104．B    105．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公莎妮从一开始因自己的头发变白受到同学们的不友好的评价，然后去不停地染发，让自己不再显得“老”，到最终不去染发接受最真实自己的心路历程。从而，明白了如果能拥抱真实的自己，那么就跨越了当今社会很多女性都无法做到的界限这个道理。
91．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是这个16岁女孩最不想看到的东西，这也导致了她不友善的同学们的无礼，他们说她看起来“老了”。A. right正确的；B. last最后的；C. cool凉爽的；D. natural自然的。根据上文“As a teenager, Shannyn, was shocked to discover grey hairs coming through.”头发开始变白，她很震惊，可推知，此处为这是这个16岁女孩最不想看到的东西。the last thing可表示“最不想的事情”。故选B项。
92．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是这个16岁女孩最不想看到的东西，这也导致了她不友善的同学们的无礼，他们说她看起来“老了”。A. anxiety焦虑；B. excitement兴奋；C. passion热情；D. rudeness粗鲁、无礼。根据该句中的“who said she was looking “old”.”可推知，此处为这也导致了她不友善的同学们的无礼。故选D项。
93．考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了融入同学们，她开始每六周去一次美发沙龙把头发染成黑色。A. fit in使融合；   B. give in屈服，让步；C. take over接管；D. turn over翻过来。根据上文提到的莎妮发现头发开始变白导致同学们的无礼评论，以及该句中的“she started visiting a salon every six weeks to have her hair dyed black.”可知，此处为为了融入同学们，她开始每六周去一次美发沙龙把头发染成黑色。故选A项。
94．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一笔沉重的开支。A. damage伤害；B. workload工作量；C. exercise锻炼；D. expense开支。根据上文提到的每六周去一次美发沙龙，以及下文“But it was money well ___5___ for the teen…”提到钱，可知，此处为这是一笔沉重的开支。故选D项。
95．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但对于这个十几岁的女孩来说，这笔钱花得很值，因为她不再显得“老”了。A. prepared准备；B. spent花费；C. organized组织；D. suited适合。根据句意以及该句中的“But it was money well…”可知，此处为但对于这个十几岁的女孩来说，这笔钱花得很值。故选B项。
96．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着她30岁生日的临近，她决定最终乐意去追求自然，并开始停止染发。A. decided决定；B. argued争论；C. demanded要求；D. valued重视。  根据该句中的“she was finally ready to go natural and took the 　　7　　 to stop dying her hair.”为作的决定可知，此处为随着她30岁生日的临近，她决定最终乐意去追求自然，并开始停止染发。故选A项。
97．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着她30岁生日的临近，她决定最终乐意去追求自然，并开始停止染发。A. advice建议；B. trouble麻烦；C. step脚步；D. lesson课程。根据上文提到的她决定最终乐意去追求自然，可知，此处为她决定最终乐意去追求自然，并开始停止染发。take the step to do“迈出这一步去做”。故选C项。
98．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它非常健康，因为它没有被化学物质覆盖。A. forced迫使；B. compared比较；C. covered覆盖；D. confused使困惑。根据上文提到的把头发染成黑色，以及该句中的“with chemicals”可知，此处为它没有被化学物质覆盖。故选C项。
99．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不再需要去美发沙龙了，而且在这个过程中还为自己省了一大笔钱。A. Approaches方法；B. Invitations邀请；C. Visits拜访；  D. Responses回应。根据上文提到的她开始停止染发，以及该句中的“to the salon”地点，可知，此处为她不再需要去美发沙龙了。故选C项。
100．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不再需要去美发沙龙了，而且在这个过程中还为自己省了一大笔钱。A. lesson课程；B. fortune财富；C. dream梦想；D. shadow影子。根据上文提到的去沙龙染发是一笔沉重的开支，以及后来决定不去染发可知，此处为她不再需要去美发沙龙了，而且在这个过程中还为自己省了一大笔钱。故选B项。
101．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：做这个决定已经四年了，莎妮仍然对自己的银发感到满意。A. pleased满意的；B. cautious小心的；C. friendly友好的；D. patient耐心的。根据上下文语境以及该句中的“Four years since she made the decision”做决定已经四年了，可推知，此处为做这个决定已经四年了，莎妮仍然对自己的银发感到满意。故选A项。
102．考查名词词义辨析。句意：自疫情封锁以来，女性对她们的银发越来越重视，而莎妮遥遥领先，因为她几年前就做出了这一承诺。A. courage勇气；B. qualification资格；C. experience经验；D. popularity受欢迎程度。根据下文“then you’ve crossed the line that not many women in today’s society can do”跨越了当今社会很多女性都无法做到的界限，以及上文提到的莎妮仍然对自己的银发感到满意，可推知，此处为自疫情封锁以来，女性对她们的银发越来越重视，即：越来越受到欢迎，故选D项。
103．考查副词词义辨析。句意：自疫情封锁以来，女性对她们的银发越来越重视，而莎妮遥遥领先，因为她几年前就做出了这一承诺。A. beyond在另一边，再往后；B. behind在后面；C. away在远方；D. ahead在前面。根据上文提到的自疫情封锁以来，女性对他们灰色的重视越来越受欢迎，以及该句中的“for she committed to it several years ago.”可推知，此处为莎妮遥遥领先，因为她几年前就做出了这一承诺。故选D项。
104．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你能拥抱真实的自己，那么你就跨越了当今社会很多女性都无法跨过的界限，这确实是巨大的力量。A. remember记得；B. embrace拥抱；C. transform变换；D. improve提高。根据上文提到的莎妮不去染发做真实的自己，以及该句中的“then you’ve crossed the line that not many women in today’s society can do”你就跨越了当今社会很多女性都无法跨过的界限，可知，此处为如果你能拥抱真实的自己，那么你就跨越了当今社会很多女性都无法跨过的界限。故选B项。
105．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你能拥抱真实的自己，那么你就跨越了当今社会很多女性都无法跨过的界限，这确实是巨大的力量。A. power力量；B. care照料；C. mind思想；D. luck运气。根据上文内容“如果你能拥抱真实的自己，那么你就跨越了当今社会很多女性都无法做到的界限”，结合语境可知，此处为这确实是巨大的力量。故选A项。

（H）
（2022江苏苏州·高三统考试卷）
Dusti was inside her apartment on Sunday afternoon. She was watching a group of children play on a ___106___ pond outside her window, ___107___ suddenly the icy surface cracked(破裂). Three of the children ___108___ into the water.
“___109___ I even realized it, I was out there on the middle of the pond, ___110___ two kids out,” Dusti said at a news conference on Monday.
But as she ___111___ the third child, the ice gave way ___112___ her and Dusti, too, found herself in the 15-foot-deep pond. She tried to pull herself out, but the ice was too slippery, so she tried to stay afloat as she ___113___ to hold the girl’s head above the surface, she said.
The little girl’s teenage cousin soon appeared, throwing Dusti a ___114___ and dragging her back onto the surface. She then managed to pull the 6-year-old to ____115____.
As the girl began to ____116____ on her own, the fire-rescue team arrived and took her to the hospital. As of Monday afternoon, she is in critical but ____117____ condition, authorities said, adding that doctors expect her to ____118____.
“The fact that we had her witness these kids fall in there and her quick ____119____ in putting her life at risk for the kids to make sure that they could ____120____ another day is amazing,” Deputy Blaine Moulton said, recognizing Dusti’s bravery at the news conference.
106．A．forbidden B．frozen C．destroyed D．deserted
107．A．as B．until C．when D．while
108．A．fell B．jumped C．sprang D．dived
109．A．After B．Before C．Since D．Once
110．A．pulling B．pouring C．pointing D．picking
111．A．waited for B．answered for C．asked for D．reached for
112．A．above B．in C．to D．beneath
113．A．scheduled B．struggled C．screamed D．settled
114．A．coat B．bag C．rope D．bucket
115．A．safety B．privacy C．freedom D．peace
116．A．cry B．talk C．breathe D．walk
117．A．scary B．serious C．sharp D．stable
118．A．escape B．leave C．die D．survive
119．A．reaction B．recovery C．reflection D．relief
120．A．get it B．make it C．call it D．catch it

【答案】
106．B    107．C    108．A    109．B    110．A    111．D    112．D    113．B    114．C    115．A    116．C    117．D    118．D    119．A    120．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Dusti勇敢营救孩子们落水的见义勇为的故事，她因为自己的英勇事迹而受到表彰。
106．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她正看着一群孩子在窗外结冰的池塘上玩耍，突然，冰面裂开了。A. forbidden禁用的；B. frozen冰封的；C. destroyed被破坏的；D. deserted被遗弃的。根据下文“suddenly the icy surface cracked(破裂)”可知，此处是在结冰的池塘上玩耍，故选B。
107．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. as当……时；B. until直到；C. when当……时；D. while在……期间。根据“She was watching a group of children play on a 　　1　　 pond outside her window,”可知，此处是固定句型be doing… when…，意为“正在做什么，突然……”，故选C。
108．考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个孩子掉进水里了。A. fell落下；B. jumped跳；C. sprang跳跃；D. dived跳水。根据上文“suddenly the icy surface cracked(破裂)”可知，此处是三个孩子掉进水里，故选A。
109．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：在我意识到之前，我已经在池塘中央，把两个孩子拉了出来。A. After在……之后；B. Before在……之前；C. Since自从；D. Once一旦。根据后文以及在新闻发布会说的话，可知Dusti营救落水孩子是自发的，主动的，所以应该是在意识到之前，故选B。
110．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. pulling拉；B. pouring倾倒；C. pointing指出；D. picking采摘。根据上下文语境和“two kids out”可知，此处是把孩子拉出来，故选A。
111．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但当她伸手去够第三个孩子时，她身下的冰裂开了，Dusti也发现自己掉进了15英尺深的池塘里。A. waited for等待；B. answered for对……负责；C. asked for要求；D. reached for伸手以触及。根据上文“I was out there on the middle of the pond, 　　5　　 two kids out”可知，又去救第三个孩子，所以应该是伸手去够，故选D。
112．考查介词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. above在……上面；B. in在……里；C. to朝着；D. beneath在……下面。根据“Dusti, too, found herself in the 15-foot-deep pond”可知，此处是她下面的冰也裂开了，故选D。
113．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说，她试图把自己拉出来，但冰太滑了，所以她努力让自己浮在水面上，努力把女孩的头抬出水面。A. scheduled安排；B. struggled努力；C. screamed尖叫；D. settled解决。根据下文“She tried to pull herself out, but the ice was too slippery”可知，她努力把女孩的头抬出水面，以免溺水，故选B。
114．考查名词词义辨析。句意：小女孩十几岁的表弟很快出现了，他扔给Dusti一根绳子，把她拖回到水面上。A. coat外套；B. bag书包；C. rope绳子；D. bucket桶。根据下文“dragging her back onto the surface”可知，此处是用绳子，才能把她拉出水面，故选C。
115．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她成功地把6岁的孩子拉到了安全的地方。A. safety安全；B. privacy隐私；C. freedom自由；D. peace和平。根据下文“As the girl began to 　　11　　 on her own, the fire-rescue team arrived and took her to the hospital.”可知，第三个孩子被Dusti救了上来，所以应该是拉倒了安全的地方，故选A。
116．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当女孩开始自主呼吸时，消防救援队赶到并将她送往医院。A. cry哭泣；B. talk说话；C. breathe呼吸；D. walk走路。根据下文“the fire-rescue team arrived and took her to the hospital”和常识可知，小女孩刚被就上来，应该是开始呼吸，故选C。
117．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当局说，截至周一下午，她病情危急，但情况稳定，并补充说医生预计她能活下来。A. scary吓人的；B. serious严重的；C. sharp锋利的；D. stable稳定的。根据下文“adding that doctors expect her to 　　13　　.”可知，情况应该是稳定的，故选D。
118．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. escape逃跑；B. leave离开；C. die死亡；D. survive活下来。根据上文“she is in critical”以及上下文的转折关系可知，此处应该是活下来了，故选D。
119．考查名词词义辨析。句意：副警长布莱恩·莫尔顿(Blaine Moulton)在新闻发布会上称赞了Dusti的勇敢，他说：“我们让她目睹了这些孩子掉在那里，她反应很快，为了孩子们而冒着生命危险，确保他们能度过新的一天，这太棒了。”A. reaction反应；B. recovery恢复；C. reflection深思；D. relief宽慰。根据上文“I even realized it, I was out there on the middle of the pond”可知，此处是反应快，故选A。
120．考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. get it了解；B. make it幸免于难；C. call it不构成短语；D. catch it受责备。根据上下文语境可知，把孩子们救上来了，所以应该是幸免于难，故选B。

(2021 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新高考 I 卷）
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, ____41____ little bunny ( 兔 子 ) cakes for all its ____42____throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for ____43____ help during our spring break, for which I had no____44____ beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d ____45____ minimum wage. I’d see how a factory____46____. My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their ____47____.
Our____48____in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.____49____ bunny from the belt. This was _____50_____ than it sounds._____51_____ a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d _____52_____ .
Dad ____53____. The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood_____54_____ food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you_____55_____ the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
41. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved
42. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens
43. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary
44. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies
45. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest
46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
47. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation
48. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices
49. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove
50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
51. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on
52. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered
53. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused
54. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering
55. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了在一次春假时，我去工厂打工赚钱，感触颇多。父亲认为这种工作不仅能让小孩子感谢得到的报酬，而且能够学会尊重那些从事这项工作的人。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。A. sold销售；B. ordered定制； C. made制作；D. reserved预定。根据“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知我的工作是制作小兔子蛋糕，由此推知，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。A. stores商店；B. families家庭； C. schools学校；D. citizens市民。根据“throughout Cleveland”结合生活常识，可知这里指的是这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. generous慷慨的； B. financial财政的；C. technical技术的； D. temporary暂时的。根据“during our spring break”可知这是一份临时性的工作。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. plans计划；B. problems问题；C. excuses借口； D. hobbies爱好。根据“beyond listening to my favorite records”可知我没有其他计划。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我挣的是最低工资。A. offer提供；B. earn挣得； C. set放置；D. suggest建议。根据“minimum wage”可知我挣的是最低工资。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想看看工厂是如何运作的。A. worked运作；B. closed关闭；C. developed发展；D. survived幸存。根据“I'd see how a factory”可知这里意思是我想看看工厂是如何运作的。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这一切都是一个伟大的主意，并打电话给Betsy的父亲，得到了他们的同意 。A. ambition抱负；B. permission允许；C. experience经历； D. invitation邀请。根据“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知我们已经在工厂工作了，所以必然是得到了他们的同意。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。 附加上糖霜耳朵。把兔子从传送带上拿下来。A. joys欢乐； B. ideas观点；C. roles任务； D. choices选择。根据“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知这是我们的任务。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。 附加上糖霜耳朵。把兔子从传送带上拿下来。A. Save节省；B. Keep保持；C. Stop停止； D. Remove移动。根据“bunny from the belt.”可知这里意思是把兔子从传送带上拿下来。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这比听起来难多了。A. harder更难的；B. better更好的； C. longer更长的；D. cheaper更便宜的。根据“51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知这项工作比听起来更难。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：慢一点，蛋糕就堆起来了。A. Calm down平静下来； B. Slow down慢一点；C. Stay on继续停留；D. Move on往前走。根据“and the cakes pile up”可知这里意思是慢一点，就会造成蛋糕堆积起来的后果。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如我在第一个晚上的晚餐上告诉父母的那样，一切都比我预料的要紧张。A. indicated表明； B. witnessed目击； C. expected预料；D. remembered记得。根据“This was 50 than it sounds. 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知工作的实际情况比我预料的要紧张。故选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲笑了。A. cried哭了； B. smiled微笑；C. hesitated犹豫； D. refused拒绝。根据“The son of a grocer, he'd spent the summers of his childhood 54 food in Bemardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 55 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.”结合生活常识，可知父亲看到我在第一次挣钱的经历中有所感悟和收获，联想到自己童年时类似的经历，父亲会心的笑了。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个杂货商儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送外卖。A. tasting品尝；B. finding找到；C. sharing分享；D. delivering送货。根据“The son of a grocer”可知作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送外卖。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，这种工作能让你感激得到的报酬，并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。A. withdraw撤退；B. donate捐赠； C. receive收到；D. appreciate欣赏。根据“the dollars you earned”结合生活常识，可知孩子们会感激并且非常珍惜自己劳动得到的报酬。故选D。

（2020年江苏省英语高考试卷）
Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success ___36___ fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the ____37____ in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no ___38___ of knowing that his life was to change ____39____. The class experiment that day was to ____40____ how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. ____41____, the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat ____42____ held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it, the container ___43___, leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents ____44____ to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had ______45______ their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as ______46______. He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)______47______ public speaker.
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from ______48______ for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to _____49_____ his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue _____50_____ it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the ______51______ Wilson made to preventing the ______52______.
Wilson received several international ______53______ for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a _____54_____. He proved that it’s not what happens to us that ______55______ our lives-it’s what we make of what happens.
36. A. depends B. holds C. keeps D. reflects
37. A. dilemmas B. accidents C. events D. steps
38. A. way B. hope C. plan D. measure
39. A. continually B. gradually C. gracefully D. completely
40. A. direct B. show C. advocate D. declare
41. A. Anyway B. Moreover C. Somehow D. Thus
42. A. mistakenly B. casually C. amazingly D. clumsily
43. A. erupted B. exploded C. emptied D. exposed
44. A. deserved B. attempted C. cared D. agreed
45. A. submitted to B. catered for C. impressed on D. happened to
46. A. fantastic B. extraordinary C. impressive D. catastrophic
47. A. accomplished B. crucial C. specific D. innocent
48. A. deafness B. depression C. blindness D. speechlessness
49. A. decide B. abandon C. control D. accept
50. A. until B. when C. unless D. before
51. A. opposition B. adjustments C. commitment D. limitations
52. A. preventable B. potential C. spreadable D. influential
53. A. scholarships B. rewards C. awards D. bonuses
54. A. fortune B. recipe C. dream D. vision
55. A. distinguishes B. determines C. claims D. limits

【答案】36. A 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. B 41. C 42. A 43. B 44. B 45. D 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. C 54. D 55. B
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。因为一次意外，威尔逊失明了。但是，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是努力地学习，接受教育。他通过自己的努力帮助很多人恢复了视力，获得了很多国际大奖。他的例子告诉我们：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. depends依靠；B. holds握，持有；C. keeps保持；D. reflects反映。结合空后的介词on可知，仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的。成功从根本上“取决于”我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend on：取决于。故选A。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. dilemmas进退两难的处境；B. accidents意外事故；C. events事，事件；D. steps脚步，步骤。结合文章最后一句“He proved that it’s not what happens to us that 55 our lives-it’s what we make of what happens”可知，我们对所发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。空处对应what happens(发生的事)。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. way方法，方式；B. hope希望；C. plan计划；D. measure措施。John Wilson“无法”预知将会发生的事情。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. continually不断地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. gracefully优雅地；D. completely完全地。结合下文可知，一场意外导致他失明，这“完全”改变了他的生活。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天的课堂实验是为了展示加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。A. direct指导，引导；B. show展示；C. advocate提倡，倡导；D. declare宣布。那天的课堂实验的目的是“展示”加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。故选B。
【41题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. Anyway无论如何，不管怎样；B. Moreover而且；C. Somehow不知怎么地；D. Thus因此。不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. mistakenly错误地；B. casually随意地；C. amazingly令人惊奇地；D. clumsily笨拙地。老师“误”在容器里装了更容易挥发的东西而没有装水，结果导致了爆炸的发生。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致威尔逊失明。A. erupted爆发，喷出；B. exploded爆炸；C. emptied腾空，掏空；D. exposed揭露，使暴露。因为容器内装的不是水，而是更容易挥发的物质，所以，当威尔逊把它加热时，容器“爆炸”了，导致Wilson失明。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. deserved值得，应得，应受；B. attempted试图，尝试；C. cared关心，在乎； D. agreed同意。孩子失明了，身为父母，他们当然要“试图”找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. submitted to提交，服从……；B. catered for迎合；C. impressed on给……留下印象；D. happened to发生。这场事故“发生”在了威尔逊一家人的生活中。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但威尔逊并不认为这次事故是灾难性的。A. fantastic极好的；B. extraordinary不同寻常的；C. impressive给人深刻印象的；D. catastrophic灾难性的，毁灭性的。根据上文his parents 44 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had 45 their lives.以及结合生活常识，失明对于任何一个人来说都是一场灾难。根据but转折可知，威尔逊并没有将这场事故看作是“灾难性的”。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为了一名出色的演说家。A. accomplished才华高的，有成就的；B. crucial至关重要的，关键性的；C. specific特定的，具体的；D. innocent无辜的，天真的。前一句提到威尔逊很快学会了盲文，并在伍斯特盲人学院继续接受教育。结合该句中的not only…but also…可以推知，他不仅是个好学生，而且是个非常好的公共演说家。选项中只有A选项表达此意。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他在非洲工作，那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。A. deafness聋，听力不佳；B. depression沮丧；C. blindness瞎；D. speechlessness哑口无言。结合后文中的“And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 51 Wilson made to preventing the 52 ”可知，很多人因为威尔逊的努力而复明。由此推知，在非洲，有很多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而“失明”。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. decide决定；B. abandon抛弃；C. control控制；D. accept接受。根据上文中的“But Wilson did not regard the accident as 46 . He learned braille(盲文)quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) 47 public speaker”可知，威尔逊失明之后，他没有抱怨命运的不公，反而努力进取，由此推知，他“接受”了自己失明的事实。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. until直到；B. when在……情况下，当……时候；C. unless如果不；D. before在……之前。在很容易解决那么多人失明的情况下，让他们继续失明下去完全是另一回事。when表示“在……情况下”。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都可以恢复视力了。A. opposition反对；B. adjustments调整，调节；C. commitment奉献，投入；D. limitations限制。根据前文中的“This moved him to action”可知，威尔逊行动起来，努力地去预防那些可以预防的情况。因为他的“奉献”，很多人恢复了视力。该空和53空后的great contributions呼应。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都能够恢复视力了。A. preventable可预防的，可阻止的；B. potential潜在的，有潜力的；C. spreadable(黄油等)容易被涂开的；D. influential有影响力的。结合空前的prevent可知，威尔逊努力地去预防“可以预防的”情况。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。A. scholarships奖学金；B. rewards奖励，回报；C. awards奖，奖品；D. bonuses红利，津贴。因为他的巨大贡献，威尔逊获得了几个国际“大奖”。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他失明了，但找到了"眼力“”。A. fortune运气，财富；B. recipe食谱，秘诀；C. dream梦，梦想；D. vision视野。根据前文叙述可知，虽然威尔逊失明了，但是他却通过努力，帮助了很多人，为世界做出了巨大贡献。由此推知，他虽然看不见，但是他的“眼界”开阔，做到了很多人都做不到的事情。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活，而是我们如何看待发生的事情。A. distinguishes区分，辨别；B. determines决定；C. claims宣称；D. limits限制。结合第一段中的“Success 36 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 37 in our lives”可知，成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。即：并不是发生的事情“决定”我们的生活，而是我们对发生的事情的看法“决定”了我们的生活。故选B。