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专题01 阅读理解冲刺高考英语大题突破+限时集训（江苏专用）
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（原卷版）
阅读理解的设题类型主要分为基础和深层理解两类，其中主要包括细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题、写作意图题以及观点态度题这6个题型。
（2022·江苏·一模）
The turn f the year is traditinally the time fr reviewing ne’s life, and perhaps fr making sme reslutins as t what t cncentrate n in the cming year; and fr many years past I have taken advantage f the hliday perid t review my wn gal and ambitin.
One thing I d decide t d this year, with sme unwillingness, is t give up writing the Grumpy Old Bkman clumn in this magazine. It’s nt that I’ve lst interest in the bk wrld, yu understand. But Lenard Wlf, husband f writer Virginia Wl, used t say that a man shuld change his career every seven years. Thugh persnally I wuld say that changing yur whle career s ften is ging a bit far, I d find, during my wn wrking life, that it acts as a great refresher if yu can ccasinally try a new jb within the same rganizatin r line f business.
It is in fact well ver 15 years since ur editr wrte t me and asked if I wuld be interested in writing a regular piece abut what was, even then, a rapidly changing publishing scene. He apprached me because since 2004 I had been writing a regular blg called, amazingly enugh, Grumpy Old Bkman.
As my mnthly survey f develpments in bth traditinal and digital publishing cntinued, in this magazine, I began t realize that writers in this century, f bth fictin and nn-fictin, are living in smething clse t a paradise. Once, yu struggled fr years t find a publisher—r an agent if yu wanted ne—but nw yu can publish yur wn stuff, either digitally r in paperback, withut it csting yu a penny piece. Amazing.
After abut five years f prducing such clumns, at just under a thusand wrds a time, it ccurred t me that, rather than let these essays drift away n the seas f time, it might be f value t ptential readers t publish my thughts and cmments in bk frm. Hence, in 2014, I published the first 69 GOB clumns in paperback frmat, using Amazn’s Create space facilities. Title: Writers Rejice! A mnthly diary f the dawn f the digital age, which was my first trial. And nw I sincerely wish a new 2022.
1．Why des the authr want t give up writing the clumn?
A．He fllws Lenard Wlf’s suggestin.
B．He is very keen n trying smething new.
C．He is fed up with the career linked t bks.
D．He’s used t changing his jb every seven years.
2．Accrding t the authr, what can be inferred frm Paragraph 4?
A．It is a blessing t live in the present times.
B．Publishing industry is a prfitable business.
C．It is rather hard t publish bks nwadays.
D．Nw it is amazing t find a publisher easily.
3．What d yu think f the authr?
A．Purpseful and gd at self-reflecting.
B．Dedicated but easy t dubt himself.
C．Emtinal and gd at cntrlling himself.
D．Ambitius but reluctant t change himself,
4．What des the authr mainly want t tell us?
A．Giving up timely is anther virtue.
B．The beginning f a year is a new start.
C．Reflectin can drive us t push frward.
D．Changing the jb means a new pprtunity.
细节理解题
细节理解题主要考查原文中的具体信息，用wh，when，where， what， which， why，hw many和hw much等进行发问，考查考生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节的理解能力。
解题原则:
忠实于原文原句及全篇逻辑关系，不能主观臆断。
解题方法：
Step1：题干中选定关键词(定位词)
Step2：通过略读、查读锁定文中定位区域
Step3：结合信息区域上下文理解、比对
Step4：排除干扰项，筛选得出答案
技巧1：
若针对举例子、人物言论出题，需要查找例子以及人物所说的句子前后的内容，然后与各选项逐一核对。
技巧2：
在出现一些关键词,如hwever，but，mrever, therefre，thus时，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折、递进、因果等关系。
技巧3：
细节理解题的答案一般是同义替换项或者同义转换。
技巧4：
选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是答案。如: must,never, the mst, all, merely, nly, have t, any, n，cmpletely，nne, 等。但不是绝对，也有例外。
技巧5：
注意选项中的副词、形容词和介词短语等与原文是否一致。如:must, may, ften，shuld, usually,might, mst，mre r less，likely，all, never, few等存在程度不同，经常被偷换,往往被忽视。
技巧6：
注意干扰项特点：与原文内容相反；与原文内容一半相符，一半不同;叙述过于绝对化；原文没有提及。
2.推理判断题
高考英语推理判断题的考查方向主要包括：推断隐含意义；推断文章出处或读者对象；推断人物性格；对文章内容进行预测；推断写作手法或篇章结构。
技巧7：推断隐含意义
题干中常出现knw abut, learn frm,infer（推断）,indicate（暗示）,imply（暗示）,suggest（表明，暗示）,cnclude（得出结论）,assume（假定,认为）等短语或词。
技巧8：正确选项的特点
不是原文直接叙述的信息。一般没有表示绝对概念的字眼，通常含有usually,may，mst likely，sme,might,can,pssibly等词或短语。
技巧9：根据文章内容判断出处
介绍某产品性能的文章可能来自广告；介绍某人生平事迹的文章可能来自传记；介绍浅显的科学知识的文章可能选自学生用的教材或杂志；介绍新型交通工具的文章可能来自报纸上的科技版面；介绍某处名胜或景点的文章可能出自旅游杂志、休闲杂志等。
技巧10：根据文中关键信息判断文章出处
含有网址或click等字眼的文章可能出自网站；含有experiment,research等词的文章可能来自科学报告或研究论文；含有admissin,rutes等词的文章可能来自旅行指南；含有fd,health等词的文章可能来自健康杂志或报纸的健康版块。
技巧11：对文章内容进行预测
做这类题目时，要把握作者的写作思路（如文章可能按事件发展的顺序来写,也可能按因果关系、对比关系等来叙述）。作者往往先提出几个要解决或说明的问题,或提出几种观点,然后再一一解释说明。因此,考生可以先找出作者已经阐明的问题或观点,接下来文章将会如何发展便一目了然。
技巧12：推断写作手法或篇章结构
解答此类题时,考生要能够把握文章的脉络,理清段落层次之间的关系,弄清作者的写作方法。作者可能采用不同的写作手法来组织文章,如通过举例、类比等手法来阐明主题。
3.词义猜测题
技巧13：
利用构词法、语法关系、逻辑关系、上下文语境、生活常识、文化背景等来猜出单词、短语或句子的意思。
4.主旨大意题
技巧14：
通过略读捕捉文中的关键词和主题句，把握篇章结构，然后根据文章的框架分析作者行文过程中的详略安排和上下文的逻辑关系，梳理出文章的主体脉络，从而弄清楚作者的思路和意图，最终归纳出主旨大意。
5.写作意图题
这类题要求考生不仅能理解文章的内容，还要具备对作者所阐述的问题及使用的写作手法进行分析和归纳总结的能力。
技巧15：主旨推断法
写作目的通常是阐述作者为何要表达某个中心主题，因此可根据文章或段落的主旨推断作者的写作目的。
技巧16：文体推断法
根据文体的特点来推断。不同体裁的文章有不同的写作目的，比如广告类应用文的写作目的是推销产品或服务，议论文的写作目的是阐述论点，科普类说明文的写作目的是介绍科学知识，使大家紧跟时代步伐。
6.观点态度题
技巧17：
判断题目考查的是作者的观点或态度还是文中人物的观点或态度。
技巧18：
切勿用自己的观点代替作者的观点或文中人物的观点。
技巧19：
注意文中描写环境以及表达感情色彩、观点或态度的词语或句子，利用它们来推断作者的观点或态度。
技巧20：
文中人物的观点或态度经常会出现在该人物的话语中。
【阅读理解】1
（A）
（2023·江苏南京·校联考一模）
Branding events f China Daily
Since its launch in 1981, China Daily has grwn t becme the natin’s leading English-language newspaper. With a cmbined print, nline and mbile readership f mre than 350 millin, it serves a vital rle in telling the wrld abut China, prviding valuable insight int the wrld’s secnd-largest ecnmy. A series f branding events are cnducted by China Daily t imprve public diplmacy (外交) and internatinal cmmunicatin.
Visin China Lectures
A series f talks are rganized by China Daily in which leading plitical and business figures are invited t speak and interact live with dmestic and freign audiences. The Visin China lectures fcus n majr issues facing China and the wrld, explre what China’s stry means fr the wrld, and hw Chinese wisdm can help the wrld.
China Watch Think Tank Frum
Elites, including pinin leaders, pliticians and businesspersns with expertise (专业知识) n China, discuss tpics n develpments and the future f China and the wrld in China Watch Think Tank Frum.
Asia Leadership Rundtable
The China Daily Asia Leadership Rundtable prvides a platfrm fr high-level dialgue and cmmunicatin amng leaders and scial elites in the fields f plitics, business and academia in Asia.
“21st Century Cup” Natinal English Speaking Cmpetitin
The cmpetitin is the mst famus English-speaking cmpetitin in China. It is the qualifying rund fr students wh wish t represent China in the Internatinal Public Speaking Cmpetitin in Lndn.
TESOL China Assembly
Organized by China Daily in partnership with TESOL Internatinal Assciatin (Teachers f English t Speakers f Other Languages), the TESOL China Assembly is a high-level internatinal English Language Teaching (ELT) event in China. It aims t prmte schlarship and crss-cultural understanding amng English educatrs in China, and t enhance dialgue between China’s ELT prfessinals with their peers wrldwide.
Fr mre details, click here.
1．What’s the main purpse f China Daily?
A．T hld varius branding events.
B．T prmte interpersnal cmmunicatin.
C．T cmbine print, nline and mbile readership.
D．T help peple arund the glbe knw China better.
2．What d Visin China Lectures and Asia Leadership Rundtable have in cmmn?
A．They invlve pliticians and businesspersns.
B．They fcus n majr issues facing China and the wrld.
C．They prvide a platfrm fr public dialgue and cmmunicatin.
D．They discuss tpics n develpments and the future f China and the wrld.
3．Where is the text prbably frm?
A．A newspaper.B．A textbk.
C．A website.D．A magazine.
（B）
（2023·江苏·统考一模）
By my mid-20s, I’d finished my master in psychlgy, and I was wrking in Dublin as a health researcher. It was mstly data and statistics wrk staring at a screen. I was earning mre than mst f my friends, living the city life, ging ut at weekends. I had a gd pensin (养老金) and annual leave but it caused a lt f anxiety and wrry.I was really unhappy.
I wanted t get back t feeling passinate abut smething s I started thinking abut the things I used t lve. As a child, I’d always been invlved in the utdrs, and I used t lve hiking but all that had stpped after secndary schl. I decided t vlunteer with a lcal yuth grup and within a mnth, I’d gne camping with them. I abslutely lved it. It was likes witching n a lightbulb. This was what I’d been missing.
I started taking curses in muntain skills and wilderness first aid, and by August I was wrking my usual jb in the week, and I was a climbing club leader at weekends. I lved cnnecting with nature, cnnecting with ther peple.
Thrugh all this, I learnt abut the whle field f nature-based therapies (疗法). It was the perfect fit t cmbine my psychlgy backgrund with my passin fr the utdrs. I began taking curses in wild therapy, frest bathing and ecpsychlgy. I left my gvernment jb and in July 2020 I launched my business Nature Therapy Ireland, which is bming nw.
I’d thught I’d always live in a city but last year, I mved t Tipperary t live at the ft f a muntain, surrunded by nature. If I’m feeling stressed, I can step utside in my bare feet and stand n the grass t grund myself. In Dublin, the frnt dr felt like a barrier—I had t have my keys, my phne, my jacket befre I culd even g ut and find a green space. My life nw is leading nature cnnectin hikes and frest bathing walks. My salary has halved fr the mment but I’ve adjusted. I’ve never lked back.
4．What did the writer think f her jb in Dublin?
A．Stressful.B．Valueless.
C．Insecure.D．Demanding.
5．What des the underlined sentence mean in paragraph 2?
A．She enjyed her vluntary wrk.
B．She realized what she really lved.
C．Recalling the past made her happy.
D．A bright future was in stre fr her.
6．What drve the writer t launch her business Nature Therapy Ireland?
A．Her adventurus experience.
B．Her leadership and backgrund.
C．Her cnnectin with ther peple.
D．Her majr and passin fr nature.
7．Why did the writer cmpare her life in Dublin with that in Tipperary?
A．T highlight hw bring city life was.
B．T call n peple t get back t nature.
C．T shw her satisfactin with her change.
D．T indicate hw successful her business was.
（C）
（2023江苏·高三统考开学考试）
While the benefits f Zm and ther videcnferencing tls made them abslutely essential in the pandemic (疫情), the research suggests that heavy reliance n the technlgy cmes at a cst t creative thinking.
Brucks at Clumbia University and her team started their investigatin when managers reprted having truble innvating with remte wrkers. Brucks dubted whether videcnferencing was a factr, suspecting that difficulties crdinating (协调) large, glbal teams nline might be t blame instead.
T find ut, the researchers analysed ideas fr new prducts generated by 1,490 engineers fr a multinatinal cmpany. The engineers, wh were in Finland, Hungary, India, Israel and Prtugal, were randmly paired up and given an hur r s t brainstrm prducts either in persn r ver videcnferencing. They then selected their best idea.
Writing in Nature, the researchers reprt that the engineers prduced mre ideas, and mre innvative ideas, when wrking face t face. “They are nt nly generating a larger number f creative ideas, but their best idea is better,” Brucks said. Virtual teams were just as gd at selecting the best ideas frm a bunch as thse that met in persn.
“Visual fcus is a huge cmpnent f cgnitive (认知) fcus. When yu’re fcused n the screen and ignring the rest f the envirnment, that affects hw yu apprach the task,” said Brucks. “It’s uniquely bad fr creativity because it’s inhibiting brader explratin.”
Brucks said the impact n the real wrld “culd be huge”, leading t a divisin f labur between face-t-face and virtual meetings that culd “permanently reshape the ffice and wrk schedules”. But she urged businesses t be cautius, because if virtual meetings are cheaper than in-persn nes, they may still be mre cst-effective.
Asked fr tips, Brucks said peple culd save mre creative tasks fr in-persn meetings, r turn ff their camera when cming up with ideas. “I think it unlcks mre creative thinking,” she said.
8．Why did Brucks cnduct the research?
A．T prve her assumptin.B．T clarify a new cncept.C．T make a cmparisn.D．T explain a rule.
9．What is the finding f the research?
A．Face-t-face gatherings prmte crss-culture ties.B．Wrkers think less creatively in virtual meetings.
C．Individual wrk generates mre innvative ideas.D．Videcnferencing has an irreplaceable rle.
10．What des the underlined wrd “inhibiting” in paragraph 5 mean?
A．Encuraging.B．Requiring.C．Beginning.D．Preventing.
11．What des Brucks say abut virtual meetings?
A．They shuld be used accrdingly.B．They’ll make ffice wrkers divided.
C．They’ll give way t in-persn meetings.D．They help businesses run mre efficiently.
（D）
（2022江苏无锡·高三统考试卷）
Avid the supermarket shelves piled with cheese, cupcakes and pies. That is the message f an analysis that fund these items are the wrst when lking at bth nutritinal and envirnmental impacts f thusands f fd and drink prducts sld in the UK and Ireland. S far, mst studies have fcused n the envirnmental impact f gds such as beef r beans, rather than tfu and ther prducts that shppers ften buy. Where research has fcused n such prducts, it has usually been fr a small number f them.
In a bid t bridge the gap, Micheal Clark at the University f Oxfrd and his clleagues analyzed mre than 57,000 fd and drink prducts sld in the UK and Ireland. The team tk the ingredients (成份) data frm eight retailers (零售商), including majr supermarkets Tesc and Sainsbury’s. Hwever, precise figures n hw much f each ingredient is in each prduct were nly available fr arund a tenth f them. T estimate the rest, Clark and his clleagues trained an algrithm (算法) n the knwn prducts and used it t predict the cmpsitin f the unknwn nes. Finally, the team linked all the ingredients t an existing database f envirnmental impacts, including emissins (排放), land use and water stress.
The results may cme as n surprise: meat, fish and cheese prducts had highest envirnmental impact while fruit, vegetables, bread and sugary drink prducts had the lwest burden. Clark admits that nne f this is exciting, given what we already knew frm past research. “What is imprtant is that yu can start getting these impact estimates fr prducts that peple are purchasing, which then has a lt f effects,” he says.
One f thse is ec-lables, which can help cnsumers t make greener chices. Hwever, retailers have struggled in the past with the challenge f the large number f fd. Clark is thinking abut hw t eventually turn the data int an app that culd be used either by shppers r by retailers wanting t reduce their envirnmental impact. “We’ve made that infrmatin available in a way that means peple can start making infrmed decisins,” he says.
12．What is the purpse f Clark’s study?
A．T slve the envirnmental prblems with sme prducts.
B．T pint ut the mistakes f the previus research.
C．T fcus n the imprtant ingredients data frm retailers.
D．T estimate the envirnmental impact f frequently-bught prducts.
13．What des Paragraph 2 mainly talk abut?
A．The prcess f Clark’s study.B．The result f Clark’s study.
C．The significance f Clark’s study.D．The limitatin f Clark’s study.
14．What can be inferred abut Clark’s study frm Paragraph 3?
A．Surprising.B．Wrrying.C．Meaningful.D．Dubtful.
15．Which f the fllwing prducts shuld peple buy accrding t Clark’s study?
A．Nutritius fd like beef and eggs.B．Green fd like carrts and bananas.
C．Healthy fd like fish and tfu.D．Fresh fd like milk and chicken
【阅读理解】2
（A）
（2022·江苏苏州·校联考试卷）
Master Gardener Vlunteers Wanted
Why Becme a Master Gardener?
The Master Gardener prgram is an all-vlunteer rganizatin where yu can develp yur wn leadership and teaching skills while teaching the yunger yuth abut healthy eating, agriculture, and s n! Master Gardeners invlve peple in activities t imprve their general well-being and verall enjyment f life by helping them find sund management practices fr hme and urban natural resurces, by creating pleasing envirnments thrugh peple-plant interactins and hrticultural therapy (园艺疗法), and by cntributing t a safe, abundant fd supply thrugh hme fruit and vegetable prductin.
What Qualificatins Must Yu Meet?
Anyne can apply t be a Master Gardener—yu dn’t need t be an expert r have a degree. Yu d, hwever, need t:
●Have certain experience r knw a little abut gardening r landscape management.
●Be willing t share hrticulture infrmatin with thers.
●Be willing t attend a training prgram and can devte time t vlunteering and cntinuing educatin.
Besides, t becme a Master Gardener vlunteer, each applicant needs t cmplete an applicatin, prepare backgrund screening paperwrk and schedule an interview with Extensin staff.
What Des the Training Invlve?
Training sessins are ffered ne day a week ver a three-mnth perid and are led by expert educatrs in the regin. Apprximately 60 hurs f classrm instructin and field study and 60 hurs f vlunteer internship (实习) wrk are required t cmplete the prgram and becme certified. In rder t remain a certified Master Gardener, 30 hurs f vlunteer wrk and 10 hurs f cntinuing educatin r advanced training are required each year.
1．What des a Master Gardener d?
A．Help raise peple’s quality f life by hrticulture.
B．Teach the yuth abut diets and agriculture.
C．Prmte hrticultural practices at hme.
D．Train vlunteers t help with gardening.
2．What is required if yu want t apply t be a Master Gardener?
A．Acquiring excellent teaching skills.
B．Having sme relevant knwledge.
C．Cmpleting given training sessins.
D．Obtaining rich vlunteer experience.
3．Hw lng will it take t becme a qualified Master Gardener?
A．A year.B．Three mnths.
C．Abut 160 hurs.D．Abut 120 hurs.
（B）
（2022江苏苏州·校联考试卷）
At 1:43 a.m. Octber 5, 2022, Stanfrd chemist Carlyn R. Bertzzi was awakened by a phne call frm a Nbel cmmittee representative wh tld her, “Yu have 50 minutes t cllect yurself and wait until yur life changes.” Instructed nt t share the annuncement utside f her tightest inner circle, the first persn Bertzzi called was her father, a retired physics prfessr frm MIT. “He’s 91 and, f curse, he was just verjyed,” said Bertzzi.
Carlyn Bertzzi, brn Octber 10, 1966, Bstn, was awarded the Nbel Prize in chemistry fr her develpment f birthgnal reactins, which allw scientists t explre cells and track bilgical prcesses withut disturbing the nrmal chemistry f the cell. She shares the $10 millin Swedish krnr (abut $1 millin USD) prize equally with Mrten Meldal, prfessr at University f Cpenhagen and K. Barry Sharpless, prfessr at Scripps Research “fr the develpment f click chemistry and birthgnal chemistry.”
Carlyn received a bachelr’s degree in chemistry frm Harvard University in 1988 and a dctrate in the same subject frm the University f Califrnia, Berkeley in 1993. She was a pstdctral fellw at the University f Califrnia, San Francisc, frm 1993 t 1995. She became an assistant prfessr at Berkeley in 1996 and a full prfessr f chemistry and mlecular and cell bilgy in 2002. She als held an appintment as a prfessr f mlecular and cellular pharmaclgy frm 2000 t 2002 at the University f Califrnia, San Francisc. In 2015 she became a prfessr f chemistry at Stanfrd University.
“I culd nt be mre delighted that Carlyn Bertzzi has wn the Nbel Prize in chemistry,” said Stanfrd President Marc Tessier-Lavigne. “In pineering the field f birthgnal chemistry, Carlyn invented a new way f studying bimlecular prcesses, ne that has helped scientists arund the wrld gain a deeper understanding f chemical reactins in living systems. Her wrk has had remarkable real-wrld impact, prviding new diagnstic and therapeutic appraches t treat disease. Carlyn is s deserving f this hnr, and all f us at Stanfrd are t prud t call her ne f ur wn.”
Carlyn’s birthgnal reactins have been used t study hw cells build prteins and ther mlecules, t develp new cancer medicines, and t prduce new materials fr energy strage, amng many ther applicatins.
4．Why des the authr mentin the phne call Carlyn received in Paragraph 1?
A．T intrduce the backgrund infrmatin f Carlyn.
B．T reveal a cnversatin between tw scientists.
C．T aruse the readers’ interest in the passage.
D．T shw the urgency abut the infrmatin.
5．What can we learn abut Carlyn frm paragraphs 2 and 3?
A．Her educatin and success.B．Her delight and pride.
C．Her kindness and devtin.D．Her dream and ambitin.
6．What can we infer frm Marc Tessier-Lavigne’s wrds?
A．He wants t cperate with Carlyn.
B．Carlyn has fund a new cure fr cancer.
C．He benefits greatly frm Carlyn’s findings.
D．Carlyn’s findings are f great significance.
7．What is the text?
A．A prfile.B．A news reprt.
C．A jurnal.D．A bk review.
（C）
（2022江苏盐城·统考试卷）
The first time I heard abut my classmates engaging with scial media was in the furth grade. A few f my friends and sme f my classmates had excitedly jump nt platfrms like Instagram at such a yung age. On the ther hand, I hesitated. I nly knew the basics, but was freign t sme wrds n scial media.
All thrughut middle schl, I stuck with the same thinking. And n as a freshman in cllege, I am lking back and wndering why I have never been naturally interested in scial media.
Scanning Instagram, yu ught t find dzens f pictures f peple in beautiful cuntries, taking part in exciting activities, and spending time with friends and family, amng many ther things. The thught f ding this never resnated with me. I respect and understand thse wh believe using scial media allws them t express themselves and share aspects f their lives thers. Hwever, I have never had any interest in ding the same. In my eves, family gatherings and friend get-tgethers are just as, if nt mre meaningful when nt shared with thers.
Mst peple have experienced feeling insecure and uncnfident n scial media. Images that are changed represent unrealistic beauty standards that can nly be btained thrugh dangerus ways. Even withut using scial media, I knew that using apps like Instagram and Facebk wuld make me embarrassed f all the aspects that make me a unique individual. I never wanted t lk at a pst n scial media and immediately cmpare myself and my life.
I cnstantly bserve my classmates getting easily distracted (使分心) by scial media. While trying t cmplete their hmewrk, they have a pwerful urge t pen up Instagram r Facebk t see if there are any new messages. With hmewrk and after-class activities cnsuming the majrity f my day, I cannt wait t finish every task n my t-d list, s I can finally spend time with my family r have sme time fr myself t relax frm my busy day.
8．What can we knw frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．Scial media are ppular with students.
B．Yung pupils suffer frm scial media
C．The authr has n access t scial media.
D．Scial media cntribute t students’ study.
9．The underlined part in paragraph 3 is clsest in meaning t “________”.
A．waned ffB．let dwnC．hid frmD．appealed t
10．Why d peple using scial media might feel insecure?
A．They fllw ther peple’s beauty standards ttally.
B．Scial media change the way they lk at themselves.
C．Scial media encurage them t be a unique individual
D．They spend mre time psting their images n scial media.
11．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．A t-d list can stp peple using scial media.
B．Scial media can waste peple’s valuable time.
C．Spending time with family always enjys first pririty.
D．Students pay mre attentin t scial media than t study.
（D）
（2022·江苏南京·校联考试卷）
Yur emtin helps yu make sense f the wrld. At the cre f an emtin is a subjective experience f the valence f it — what emtin scientists call “affect” (情感). Generally speaking, affect is what we are mst fcused n. D yu have chclate cake in frnt f yu? That’s gd! D yu see a spider n the table! That’s bad!
Yur affective reactins tell yu which experiences are desirable, and which aren’t, but the ttal emtinal experience includes all yu d and think. Yu can learn a lt by bserving and describing them. Yu can als learn a lt by appreciating their secret life.
The prblem is: the affective features f emtins tend t dminate. Our subjective valence f emtin is almst all we can see. When emtins are nly abut what is pleasant r unpleasant in subjective experience right nw, the mre imprtant features f emtin disappear.
If yu can slw dwn and expand; if yu stp running r clinging (沉浸其中) and adpt a sense f curisity, emtins becme mre subtle and different. When fear cmes up, dn’t walk away s that fear dissipates. Instead, stay. Allw yurself t feel the nervusness, the sweating, and everything else that cmes alng with it. It is ne f the hardest things t d in life, but it’s als ne f the mst rewarding. If yu run, yu are telling basic parts f yur brain, “I guess this threat really was real. I better stay away frm it.” Yu are training yurself t fear, regardless f that situatin. If yu cling, yu are saying, “Escape frm this emtin is a threat”, and since it is nt a happy experience, happiness slips thrugh yur hands like sand.
Nte that yu can nt fl yurself. Just allw the full emtin. Yu will never enter int their secret life until yu stp running r clinging. T cntrl yur life, yu need t actively train yur emtins t be yur ally (同盟). Observe. Describe. Appreciate. D that and yu may find yu have allies fr healthy living that were there all alng.
12．Why des the authr mentin “chclate cake” and “spider” in paragraph 1?
A．T explain the cmplex respnse f emtins.
B．T shw the subjective experience f emtins.
C．T indicate the gdness and badness f the wrld.
D．T emphasize the significance f emtins in life.
13．What is the cnsequence if yu just fcus n yur present feelings?
A．The present feelings are less bvius.
B．The subjective emtins are less pwerful.
C．The verall picture f emtins is easier t ignre.
D．The bservatin and descriptin f emtins are easier.
14．What des the underlined wrd “dissipates” in Paragraph 4 prbably refer t?
A．Deepens.B．Spreads.C．Disappears.D．Sticks.
15．What is the text mainly abut?
A．The secret f emtins.B．The subjective experience.
C．The imprtance f allies in life.D．Magical functins f emtins.
【阅读理解】3
（A）
（2022·江苏南京·校联考模拟试卷）
Have yu ever been really hungry, but there wasn’t much t eat in yur kitchen? Did yu thrw tgether a bunch f stuff yu had n hand and were pleasantly surprised when it tasted gd? Yu aren’t alne. Sme f ur favrite fds were created by accident. Here’s a sample menu f sme familiar fds that never wuld have happened if smene hadn’t created them by mistake.
POTATO CHIPS
One f the wrld’s favrite snacks is the result f a cmplaint. In 1853, a man was eating dinner at Mn’s Lake Huse in Saratga Springs, New Yrk. He rdered fried ptates, a ppular side dish. But when they came ut f the kitchen, he didn’t think they were crispy enugh. He sent them back t the kitchen, where Chef Gerge Crum was s angry at having his cking criticized that he sliced the ptates really thin, put lts f salt n them, and fried them. Nt nly did the diner lve them, but everyne else did, t. They sn became a specialty f the restaurant.
TOFU
Tfu, r bean curd, is made by curdling (使凝结) fresh sya milk, pressing it int a slid blck, and then cling it. Tfu was accidentally invented in China 2,000 years ag, when a ck added seaweed t sya milk, which made it curdle. This is the same prcess that is used fr making cheese. Like cheese, tfu is a great example f hw really messing up a recipe can create smething unexpectedly gd.
CHEESE PUFFS
Did yu ever wnder wh thught up cheese puffs? The cmpany that invented them wasn’t even trying t make fd fr peple. It was trying t make animal feed. In the 1930s, the Flakall Cmpany f Wiscnsin made animal fd frm small, flaked pieces f grain. One day, an emplyee, Edward Wilsn, watched wrkers puring crnmeal (谷粉) int the flaking machine, wetting it t keep it frm clgging (堵塞). Because the machine was very ht, the wet crnmeal came ut f it in puffy ribbns that hardened when they hit the air. Wilsn tk sme f the ribbns hme, added il and flavring t them, and vila! Cheese puffs!
16．Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．Seaweed is als used fr making cheese.
B．Chef Gerge Crum didn’t like t criticize thers’ cking.
C．Ht wet crnmeal hardened when they hit the air.
D．Bean curd dates back 2000 years in China .
17．What d the three fds have in cmmn?
A．They are the results f cmplaints.
B．They were nt created n purpse.
C．They weren’t riginally made fr peple.
D．They are all ppular thrughut the wrld.
18．What’s the purpse f the text?
A．T cmpare the features f sme fds.
B．T infrm readers f sme fds.
C．T recmmend sme fds .
D．T intrduce the rigins f sme fds.
（B）
（2023·江苏南京·校联考模拟试卷）
Sme f my earliest memries invlve sitting with my dad in his study every night when he came hme frm the ffice. I’d watch as he put his persnal items away: his watch, wallet, cmb and car keys. They wuld always ccupy the same spt n the table every time.
Dad’s cmb was jade green. I heard he bught it when he married Mum. Every night, he wuld smile, hand me the cmb and say, “Be a gd girl and help Daddy clean it, OK?”
I was mre than happy t d it. At age five, this kind f task brught me such jy. I wuld excitedly turn the tap n, and then brush the cmb with a used tthbrush as hard as I culd. Satisfied that I’d dne a gd jb, I wuld prudly return the cmb t Dad. He wuld smile at me, and place the cmb n tp f his wallet.
Abut tw years later, Dad left his sales jb and started his wn whlesale business. I started primary schl. That was when things started t change. Dad’s business wasn’t ding s well, and ur stable life started getting shaky. He didn’t cme hme as much as he used t. And when he did cme hme, it was always late and I’d already be in bed. I started t get mad. Why didn’t he listen t Mum and just stick t his ld jb? Why take the risk and place the whle family in truble? Over the years, I stpped waiting fr him t cme hme, and stpped ging dwnstairs t check n him.
Nw 28, I’ve graduated frm cllege and gt a jb. Dad’s business has als started t get back n track. Yet the uncmfrtable silence between Dad and me went n.
Tw days befre my birthday last year, Dad came hme early. On that evening, I helped him carry his bags int his study as usual. When I turned t leave, he asked me t clean his cmb. I lked at him fr a while, then tk the cmb and headed t the sink.
It was a new cmb. This ne was brwn. I hadn’t nticed that he’d changed it. After cleaning it, I passed it back t Dad. He lked at it and smiled. But this time, I nticed smething different. My dad had aged. He had wrinkles next t his eyes when he smiled, yet his smile was still as heartwarming as befre.
19．Frm the first three paragraphs, we can learn ________.
A．the precius green cmb f Dad was made f jade
B．the earliest memries with Dad were full f jy
C．the authr wasn’t willing t clean the cmb fr Dad
D．the authr wuld study tgether with Dad every evening
20．What prbably made Dad decide t resign frm his riginal jb t start his wn business?
A．That he was fired and had t make a living.
B．That he was eager t get everything n track.
C．That he hped t earn a better life fr the family.
D．That he wanted t keep the life fr his family stable.
21．What emtinal changes did the authr experience when staying with Dad these years?
A．mad → satisfied → warm
B．satisfied → wrried → angry
C．warm → cncerned → uncmfrtable
D．cheerful → mad→ warm
22．What culd be the best title fr the text?
A．Evenings with Dad
B．A Cmb f Jade Green
C．My Earliest Memries with Dad
D．Dad’s Sales Jb & His Whlesale Business
（C）
（2022·江苏·模拟试卷）
The pandemic (疫情) has changed the shape f glbal happiness
Pliticians and fficials frequently talk abut hw COVID-19 affects public health and the ecnmy. But fr mst peple, thse are abstract cnsideratins. What they experience each day are mds. T mark Wrld Happiness Day n March 20th, researchers have tried t find ut these mds and examine the way the pandemic has changed them in the Wrld Happiness Reprt.
Glbally, between 2021 and 2022 happiness was bsted by 0.22 pints n the Cantril ladder amng peple ver the age f 60. Vide-cnferencing sftware enabled many ld peple t stay in tuch with their families. In cuntries under lckdwn, they experienced the pleasure f knwing that sciety made sacrifices t prtect them.
Meanwhile the yung had a rugh year. Many lst their jbs — in America the unemplyment rate fr peple aged 20 t 24 sht up frm 6.3% in February t 25.6% tw mnths later. In sme rich cuntries yung wmen had a particularly hard time. They ften wrked in sectrs, such as hspitality (食宿娱乐), which were shut dwn. When schls clsed, many were trubled with mre than their fair share f child care.
The mst interesting finding in the Wrld Happiness Reprt is that sme links between COVID-19 and happiness perate in bth directins. The authrs d nt suggest that happiness helps cuntries resist COVID-19. Rather, they argue that what sustains natinal happiness als makes places better at dealing with the pandemic. Surveys by Gallup shw that many f the places that have cped best with COVID-19, such as the Nrdic cuntries and New Zealand, have widespread faith in institutins and strangers. Large majrities f their residents believe that a neighbur will return a wallet if they find it.
23．What did researchers cnduct in the Wrld Happiness Reprt?
A．Analyzing hw the pandemic changed peple’s mds.
B．Finding ut what peple experienced during the pandemic.
C．Shwing the relatinship between public health and ecnmy.
D．Explaining the effects f peple’s mds during the pandemic.
24．What d we knw abut the ld peple frm paragraph 2?
A．They felt less happiness than the yunger generatin.
B．They preferred visiting their family members in persn.
C．They were in need f the sciety t care fr them mre.
D．They benefited frm the vide-cnferencing in sme way.
25．Which grup might suffer the mst in rich cuntries during the pandemic?
A．The senir citizens.B．The yung wmen.
C．The cllege students.D．The ffice wrkers.
26．What might matter the mst in face f the pandemic?
A．Supprt.B．Curage.C．Cnfidence.D．Trust.
（D）
（2022·江苏南京·校联考一模试卷）
The wrd listen, as is shwn in Lngman Dictinary, means paying attentin t what smene is saying r t a sund that yu can hear. Listening is definitely an imprtant skill in cmmunicatin. “When peple talk, listen cmpletely.” Thse wrds f Ernest Hemingway might be a pretty gd guiding principle fr many managers. After all, peple like being listened t.
Sme firms use a technique knwn as a “listening circle”. In such a circle, nly ne persn can talk abut the issues they face at a time and there is n interruptin. A study cited in the Harvard Business Review fund that emplyees wh had taken part in a listening circle subsequently suffered less scial anxiety and had fewer wrries abut wrk-related matters than thse wh did nt.
Listening has been critical t the career f Richard Mullender, wh was a hstage (人质) negtiatr, dealing with everything frm suicide interventins t internatinal kidnaps (绑架). He defines listening as “the identificatin, selectin and interpretatin f the key wrds”. It is crucial t all effective cmmunicatin.
Plenty f peple think that gd listening is abut ndding yur head r keeping eye cntact. But that is nt really listening, Mr Mullender argues. A gd listener is always lking fr facts, emtins and indicatins f the ther persn’s values. Anther imprtant pint t bear in mind is that, when yu talk, yu are nt listening. The listener’s fcus shuld be n analysis.
Of curse, a listener needs t speak ccasinally. One apprach is t make an assessment f what the ther persn is telling yu and then check it with them. Fr example, yu can check with the ther persn by saying “It seems t me that what yu want is …”. That gives the ther party a sense that they are being understd. The fundamental aim is t build up a relatinship s the ther persn likes yu and trusts yu, Mr Mullender says.
27．What can we learn abut a “listening circle”?
A．A listening circle fcuses n persnal issues.
B．In a listening circle, a speaker wn’t be interrupted.
C．A listening circle increases wrries abut wrk-related matters.
D．Emplyees get rid f scial anxiety by taking part in a listening circle.
28．What’s Mr Mullender’s attitude t speaking ccasinally when listening?
A．CriticalB．Oppsed.C．Cautius.D．Favrable.
29．Why shuld we be gd listeners?
A．T be liked and trusted by the ther persn.
B．T check ur assessments with the ther persn.
C．T make assessments f what the ther persn is saying.
D．T have a sense f being understd by the ther persn.
30．What’s the best title f the text?
A．The Analysis f a Listening Circle
B．The Tricks f Successful Listening
C．The Misunderstanding f Listening
D．The Necessity f Effective Listening
（2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷英语真题）
Grading Plicies fr Intrductin t Literature
Grading Scale
90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Belw 60, E.
Essays (60%)
Yur fur majr essays will cmbine t frm the main part f the grade fr this curse: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.
Grup Assignments (30%)
Students will wrk in grups t cmplete fur assignments (作业) during the curse. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date thrugh Blackbard, ur nline learning and curse management system.
Daily Wrk/In-Class Writings and Tests/Grup Wrk/Hmewrk (10%)
Class activities will vary frm day t day, but students must be ready t cmplete shrt in-class writings r tests drawn directly frm assigned readings r ntes frm the previus class' lecture/discussin, s it is imprtant t take careful ntes during class. Additinally, frm time t time I will assign grup wrk t be cmpleted in class r shrt assignments t be cmpleted at hme, bth f which will be graded.
Late Wrk
An essay nt submitted in class n the due date will lse a letter grade fr each class perid it is late. If it is nt turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zer. Daily assignments nt cmpleted during class will get a zer. Shrt writings missed as a result f an excused absence will be accepted.
21．Where is this text prbably taken frm?
A．A textbk.B．An exam paper.C．A curse plan.D．An academic article.
22．Hw many parts is a student’s final grade made up f?
A．Tw.B．Three.C．Fur.D．Five.
23．What will happen if yu submit an essay ne week after the due date?
A．Yu will receive a zer.B．Yu will lse a letter grade.
C．Yu will be given a test.D．Yu will have t rewrite it.
（2021 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新高考 I 卷）
By day, Rbert Tittertn is a lawyer. In his spare n stage beside pianist Maria Rasppva — nt as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m nt a trained musician, but I’ve learnt t read music s I can help Maria in her perfrmance.”
Mr Tittertn is chairman f the Omega Ensemble but has been the grup’s fficial page turner fr the past fur years. His jb is t sit beside the pianist and turn the pages f the scre s the musician desn’t have t break the flw f sund by ding it themselves. He said he became just as nervus as thse playing instruments n stage.
“A lt f skills are needed fr the jb. Yu have t make sure yu dn’t turn tw pages at nce and make sure yu find the repeats in the music when yu have t g back t the right spt.” Mr Tittertn explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty f practice. Sme pieces f music can g fr 40 minutes and require up t 50 page turns, including back turns fr repeat passages. Silent nstage cmmunicatin is key, and each pianist has their wn style f “ndding” t indicate a page turn which they need t practise with their page turner.
But like all perfrmances, there are mments when things g wrng. “I was turning the page t get ready fr the next page, but the draft wind frm the turn caused the spare pages t fall ff the stand,” Mr Tittertn said, “Luckily I was able t catch them and put them back.”
Mst page turners are pian students r up-and-cming cncert pianists, althugh Ms Rasppva has nce asked her husband t help her ut n stage.
“My husband is the wrst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every nte, and I have t say: ‘Turn, turn!’ “Rbert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”
24. What shuld Tittertn be able t d t be a page turner?
A. Read music.B. Play the pian.
C. Sing sngs.D. Fix the instruments.
25. Which f the fllwing best describes Tittertn’s jb n stage?
A. Bring.B. Well-paid.
C. Demanding.D. Dangerus.
26. What des Tittertn need t practise?
A. Cunting the pages.B. Recgnizing the “ndding”.
C. Catching falling bjects.D. Perfrming in his wn style.
27. Why is Ms Rasppva’s husband “the wrse page turner”?
A. He has very pr eyesight.B. He ignres the audience.
C. He has n interest in music.D. He frgets t d his jb.
（2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷英语真题）
Like mst f us, I try t be mindful f fd that ges t waste. The arugula (芝麻菜)was t make a nice green salad, runding ut a rast chicken dinner. But I ended up wrking late. Then friends called with a dinner invitatin. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even wrse, I had unthinkingly bught way t much; I culd have made six salads with what I threw ut.
In a wrld where nearly 800 millin peple a year g hungry, “fd waste ges against the mral grain,” as Elizabeth Ryte writes in this mnth’s cver stry. It’s jaw-drpping hw much perfectly gd fd is thrwn away — frm “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grcers t large amunts f uneaten dishes thrwn int restaurant garbage cans.
Prducing fd that n ne eats wastes the water, fuel, and ther resurces used t grw it. That makes fd waste an envirnmental prblem. In fact, Ryte writes, “if fd waste were a cuntry, it wuld be the third largest prducer f greenhuse gases in the wrld.”
If that’s hard t understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back f my refrigeratr. Mike Curtin sees my arugula stry all the time — but fr him, it's mre like 12 bnes f dnated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO f DC Central Kitchen in Washingtn, D．C．, which recvers fd and turns it int healthy meals. Last year it recvered mre than 807,500 punds f fd by taking dnatins and cllecting blemished (有瑕疵的) prduce that therwise wuld have rtted in fields. And the strawberries? Vlunteers will wash, cut, and freeze r dry them fr use in meals dwn the rad.
Such methds seem bvius, yet s ften we just dn’t think. “Everyne can play a part in reducing waste, whether by nt purchasing mre fd than necessary in yur weekly shpping r by asking restaurants t nt include the side dish yu wn’t eat,” Curtin says.
24．What des the authr want t shw by telling the arugula stry?
A．We pay little attentin t fd waste.B．We waste fd unintentinally at times.
C．We waste mre vegetables than meat.D．We have gd reasns fr wasting fd.
25．What is a cnsequence f fd waste accrding t the test?
A．Mral decline.B．Envirnmental harm.
C．Energy shrtage.D．Wrldwide starvatin.
26．What des Curtin’s cmpany d?
A．It prduces kitchen equipment.B．It turns rtten arugula int clean fuel.
C．It helps lcal farmers grw fruits.D．It makes meals ut f unwanted fd.
27．What des Curtin suggest peple d?
A．Buy nly what is needed.B．Reduce fd cnsumptin.
C．G shpping nce a week.D．Eat in restaurants less ften.
（原卷版）
阅读理解的设题类型主要分为基础和深层理解两类，其中主要包括细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题、写作意图题以及观点态度题这6个题型。
（2022·江苏·一模）
The turn f the year is traditinally the time fr reviewing ne’s life, and perhaps fr making sme reslutins as t what t cncentrate n in the cming year; and fr many years past I have taken advantage f the hliday perid t review my wn gal and ambitin.
One thing I d decide t d this year, with sme unwillingness, is t give up writing the Grumpy Old Bkman clumn in this magazine. It’s nt that I’ve lst interest in the bk wrld, yu understand. But Lenard Wlf, husband f writer Virginia Wl, used t say that a man shuld change his career every seven years. Thugh persnally I wuld say that changing yur whle career s ften is ging a bit far, I d find, during my wn wrking life, that it acts as a great refresher if yu can ccasinally try a new jb within the same rganizatin r line f business.
It is in fact well ver 15 years since ur editr wrte t me and asked if I wuld be interested in writing a regular piece abut what was, even then, a rapidly changing publishing scene. He apprached me because since 2004 I had been writing a regular blg called, amazingly enugh, Grumpy Old Bkman.
As my mnthly survey f develpments in bth traditinal and digital publishing cntinued, in this magazine, I began t realize that writers in this century, f bth fictin and nn-fictin, are living in smething clse t a paradise. Once, yu struggled fr years t find a publisher—r an agent if yu wanted ne—but nw yu can publish yur wn stuff, either digitally r in paperback, withut it csting yu a penny piece. Amazing.
After abut five years f prducing such clumns, at just under a thusand wrds a time, it ccurred t me that, rather than let these essays drift away n the seas f time, it might be f value t ptential readers t publish my thughts and cmments in bk frm. Hence, in 2014, I published the first 69 GOB clumns in paperback frmat, using Amazn’s Create space facilities. Title: Writers Rejice! A mnthly diary f the dawn f the digital age, which was my first trial. And nw I sincerely wish a new 2022.
1．Why des the authr want t give up writing the clumn?
A．He fllws Lenard Wlf’s suggestin.
B．He is very keen n trying smething new.
C．He is fed up with the career linked t bks.
D．He’s used t changing his jb every seven years.
2．Accrding t the authr, what can be inferred frm Paragraph 4?
A．It is a blessing t live in the present times.
B．Publishing industry is a prfitable business.
C．It is rather hard t publish bks nwadays.
D．Nw it is amazing t find a publisher easily.
3．What d yu think f the authr?
A．Purpseful and gd at self-reflecting.
B．Dedicated but easy t dubt himself.
C．Emtinal and gd at cntrlling himself.
D．Ambitius but reluctant t change himself,
4．What des the authr mainly want t tell us?
A．Giving up timely is anther virtue.
B．The beginning f a year is a new start.
C．Reflectin can drive us t push frward.
D．Changing the jb means a new pprtunity.
细节理解题
细节理解题主要考查原文中的具体信息，用wh，when，where， what， which， why，hw many和hw much等进行发问，考查考生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节的理解能力。
解题原则:
忠实于原文原句及全篇逻辑关系，不能主观臆断。
解题方法：
Step1：题干中选定关键词(定位词)
Step2：通过略读、查读锁定文中定位区域
Step3：结合信息区域上下文理解、比对
Step4：排除干扰项，筛选得出答案
技巧1：
若针对举例子、人物言论出题，需要查找例子以及人物所说的句子前后的内容，然后与各选项逐一核对。
技巧2：
在出现一些关键词,如hwever，but，mrever, therefre，thus时，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折、递进、因果等关系。
技巧3：
细节理解题的答案一般是同义替换项或者同义转换。
技巧4：
选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是答案。如: must,never, the mst, all, merely, nly, have t, any, n，cmpletely，nne, 等。但不是绝对，也有例外。
技巧5：
注意选项中的副词、形容词和介词短语等与原文是否一致。如:must, may, ften，shuld, usually,might, mst，mre r less，likely，all, never, few等存在程度不同，经常被偷换,往往被忽视。
技巧6：
注意干扰项特点：与原文内容相反；与原文内容一半相符，一半不同;叙述过于绝对化；原文没有提及。
2.推理判断题
高考英语推理判断题的考查方向主要包括：推断隐含意义；推断文章出处或读者对象；推断人物性格；对文章内容进行预测；推断写作手法或篇章结构。
技巧7：推断隐含意义
题干中常出现knw abut, learn frm,infer（推断）,indicate（暗示）,imply（暗示）,suggest（表明，暗示）,cnclude（得出结论）,assume（假定,认为）等短语或词。
技巧8：正确选项的特点
不是原文直接叙述的信息。一般没有表示绝对概念的字眼，通常含有usually,may，mst likely，sme,might,can,pssibly等词或短语。
技巧9：根据文章内容判断出处
介绍某产品性能的文章可能来自广告；介绍某人生平事迹的文章可能来自传记；介绍浅显的科学知识的文章可能选自学生用的教材或杂志；介绍新型交通工具的文章可能来自报纸上的科技版面；介绍某处名胜或景点的文章可能出自旅游杂志、休闲杂志等。
技巧10：根据文中关键信息判断文章出处
含有网址或click等字眼的文章可能出自网站；含有experiment,research等词的文章可能来自科学报告或研究论文；含有admissin,rutes等词的文章可能来自旅行指南；含有fd,health等词的文章可能来自健康杂志或报纸的健康版块。
技巧11：对文章内容进行预测
做这类题目时，要把握作者的写作思路（如文章可能按事件发展的顺序来写,也可能按因果关系、对比关系等来叙述）。作者往往先提出几个要解决或说明的问题,或提出几种观点,然后再一一解释说明。因此,考生可以先找出作者已经阐明的问题或观点,接下来文章将会如何发展便一目了然。
技巧12：推断写作手法或篇章结构
解答此类题时,考生要能够把握文章的脉络,理清段落层次之间的关系,弄清作者的写作方法。作者可能采用不同的写作手法来组织文章,如通过举例、类比等手法来阐明主题。
3.词义猜测题
技巧13：
利用构词法、语法关系、逻辑关系、上下文语境、生活常识、文化背景等来猜出单词、短语或句子的意思。
4.主旨大意题
技巧14：
通过略读捕捉文中的关键词和主题句，把握篇章结构，然后根据文章的框架分析作者行文过程中的详略安排和上下文的逻辑关系，梳理出文章的主体脉络，从而弄清楚作者的思路和意图，最终归纳出主旨大意。
5.写作意图题
这类题要求考生不仅能理解文章的内容，还要具备对作者所阐述的问题及使用的写作手法进行分析和归纳总结的能力。
技巧15：主旨推断法
写作目的通常是阐述作者为何要表达某个中心主题，因此可根据文章或段落的主旨推断作者的写作目的。
技巧16：文体推断法
根据文体的特点来推断。不同体裁的文章有不同的写作目的，比如广告类应用文的写作目的是推销产品或服务，议论文的写作目的是阐述论点，科普类说明文的写作目的是介绍科学知识，使大家紧跟时代步伐。
6.观点态度题
技巧17：
判断题目考查的是作者的观点或态度还是文中人物的观点或态度。
技巧18：
切勿用自己的观点代替作者的观点或文中人物的观点。
技巧19：
注意文中描写环境以及表达感情色彩、观点或态度的词语或句子，利用它们来推断作者的观点或态度。
技巧20：
文中人物的观点或态度经常会出现在该人物的话语中。
【阅读理解】1
（A）
（2023·江苏南京·校联考一模）
Branding events f China Daily
Since its launch in 1981, China Daily has grwn t becme the natin’s leading English-language newspaper. With a cmbined print, nline and mbile readership f mre than 350 millin, it serves a vital rle in telling the wrld abut China, prviding valuable insight int the wrld’s secnd-largest ecnmy. A series f branding events are cnducted by China Daily t imprve public diplmacy (外交) and internatinal cmmunicatin.
Visin China Lectures
A series f talks are rganized by China Daily in which leading plitical and business figures are invited t speak and interact live with dmestic and freign audiences. The Visin China lectures fcus n majr issues facing China and the wrld, explre what China’s stry means fr the wrld, and hw Chinese wisdm can help the wrld.
China Watch Think Tank Frum
Elites, including pinin leaders, pliticians and businesspersns with expertise (专业知识) n China, discuss tpics n develpments and the future f China and the wrld in China Watch Think Tank Frum.
Asia Leadership Rundtable
The China Daily Asia Leadership Rundtable prvides a platfrm fr high-level dialgue and cmmunicatin amng leaders and scial elites in the fields f plitics, business and academia in Asia.
“21st Century Cup” Natinal English Speaking Cmpetitin
The cmpetitin is the mst famus English-speaking cmpetitin in China. It is the qualifying rund fr students wh wish t represent China in the Internatinal Public Speaking Cmpetitin in Lndn.
TESOL China Assembly
Organized by China Daily in partnership with TESOL Internatinal Assciatin (Teachers f English t Speakers f Other Languages), the TESOL China Assembly is a high-level internatinal English Language Teaching (ELT) event in China. It aims t prmte schlarship and crss-cultural understanding amng English educatrs in China, and t enhance dialgue between China’s ELT prfessinals with their peers wrldwide.
Fr mre details, click here.
1．What’s the main purpse f China Daily?
A．T hld varius branding events.
B．T prmte interpersnal cmmunicatin.
C．T cmbine print, nline and mbile readership.
D．T help peple arund the glbe knw China better.
2．What d Visin China Lectures and Asia Leadership Rundtable have in cmmn?
A．They invlve pliticians and businesspersns.
B．They fcus n majr issues facing China and the wrld.
C．They prvide a platfrm fr public dialgue and cmmunicatin.
D．They discuss tpics n develpments and the future f China and the wrld.
3．Where is the text prbably frm?
A．A newspaper.B．A textbk.
C．A website.D．A magazine.
（B）
（2023·江苏·统考一模）
By my mid-20s, I’d finished my master in psychlgy, and I was wrking in Dublin as a health researcher. It was mstly data and statistics wrk staring at a screen. I was earning mre than mst f my friends, living the city life, ging ut at weekends. I had a gd pensin (养老金) and annual leave but it caused a lt f anxiety and wrry.I was really unhappy.
I wanted t get back t feeling passinate abut smething s I started thinking abut the things I used t lve. As a child, I’d always been invlved in the utdrs, and I used t lve hiking but all that had stpped after secndary schl. I decided t vlunteer with a lcal yuth grup and within a mnth, I’d gne camping with them. I abslutely lved it. It was likes witching n a lightbulb. This was what I’d been missing.
I started taking curses in muntain skills and wilderness first aid, and by August I was wrking my usual jb in the week, and I was a climbing club leader at weekends. I lved cnnecting with nature, cnnecting with ther peple.
Thrugh all this, I learnt abut the whle field f nature-based therapies (疗法). It was the perfect fit t cmbine my psychlgy backgrund with my passin fr the utdrs. I began taking curses in wild therapy, frest bathing and ecpsychlgy. I left my gvernment jb and in July 2020 I launched my business Nature Therapy Ireland, which is bming nw.
I’d thught I’d always live in a city but last year, I mved t Tipperary t live at the ft f a muntain, surrunded by nature. If I’m feeling stressed, I can step utside in my bare feet and stand n the grass t grund myself. In Dublin, the frnt dr felt like a barrier—I had t have my keys, my phne, my jacket befre I culd even g ut and find a green space. My life nw is leading nature cnnectin hikes and frest bathing walks. My salary has halved fr the mment but I’ve adjusted. I’ve never lked back.
4．What did the writer think f her jb in Dublin?
A．Stressful.B．Valueless.
C．Insecure.D．Demanding.
5．What des the underlined sentence mean in paragraph 2?
A．She enjyed her vluntary wrk.
B．She realized what she really lved.
C．Recalling the past made her happy.
D．A bright future was in stre fr her.
6．What drve the writer t launch her business Nature Therapy Ireland?
A．Her adventurus experience.
B．Her leadership and backgrund.
C．Her cnnectin with ther peple.
D．Her majr and passin fr nature.
7．Why did the writer cmpare her life in Dublin with that in Tipperary?
A．T highlight hw bring city life was.
B．T call n peple t get back t nature.
C．T shw her satisfactin with her change.
D．T indicate hw successful her business was.
（C）
（2023江苏·高三统考开学考试）
While the benefits f Zm and ther videcnferencing tls made them abslutely essential in the pandemic (疫情), the research suggests that heavy reliance n the technlgy cmes at a cst t creative thinking.
Brucks at Clumbia University and her team started their investigatin when managers reprted having truble innvating with remte wrkers. Brucks dubted whether videcnferencing was a factr, suspecting that difficulties crdinating (协调) large, glbal teams nline might be t blame instead.
T find ut, the researchers analysed ideas fr new prducts generated by 1,490 engineers fr a multinatinal cmpany. The engineers, wh were in Finland, Hungary, India, Israel and Prtugal, were randmly paired up and given an hur r s t brainstrm prducts either in persn r ver videcnferencing. They then selected their best idea.
Writing in Nature, the researchers reprt that the engineers prduced mre ideas, and mre innvative ideas, when wrking face t face. “They are nt nly generating a larger number f creative ideas, but their best idea is better,” Brucks said. Virtual teams were just as gd at selecting the best ideas frm a bunch as thse that met in persn.
“Visual fcus is a huge cmpnent f cgnitive (认知) fcus. When yu’re fcused n the screen and ignring the rest f the envirnment, that affects hw yu apprach the task,” said Brucks. “It’s uniquely bad fr creativity because it’s inhibiting brader explratin.”
Brucks said the impact n the real wrld “culd be huge”, leading t a divisin f labur between face-t-face and virtual meetings that culd “permanently reshape the ffice and wrk schedules”. But she urged businesses t be cautius, because if virtual meetings are cheaper than in-persn nes, they may still be mre cst-effective.
Asked fr tips, Brucks said peple culd save mre creative tasks fr in-persn meetings, r turn ff their camera when cming up with ideas. “I think it unlcks mre creative thinking,” she said.
8．Why did Brucks cnduct the research?
A．T prve her assumptin.B．T clarify a new cncept.C．T make a cmparisn.D．T explain a rule.
9．What is the finding f the research?
A．Face-t-face gatherings prmte crss-culture ties.B．Wrkers think less creatively in virtual meetings.
C．Individual wrk generates mre innvative ideas.D．Videcnferencing has an irreplaceable rle.
10．What des the underlined wrd “inhibiting” in paragraph 5 mean?
A．Encuraging.B．Requiring.C．Beginning.D．Preventing.
11．What des Brucks say abut virtual meetings?
A．They shuld be used accrdingly.B．They’ll make ffice wrkers divided.
C．They’ll give way t in-persn meetings.D．They help businesses run mre efficiently.
（D）
（2022江苏无锡·高三统考试卷）
Avid the supermarket shelves piled with cheese, cupcakes and pies. That is the message f an analysis that fund these items are the wrst when lking at bth nutritinal and envirnmental impacts f thusands f fd and drink prducts sld in the UK and Ireland. S far, mst studies have fcused n the envirnmental impact f gds such as beef r beans, rather than tfu and ther prducts that shppers ften buy. Where research has fcused n such prducts, it has usually been fr a small number f them.
In a bid t bridge the gap, Micheal Clark at the University f Oxfrd and his clleagues analyzed mre than 57,000 fd and drink prducts sld in the UK and Ireland. The team tk the ingredients (成份) data frm eight retailers (零售商), including majr supermarkets Tesc and Sainsbury’s. Hwever, precise figures n hw much f each ingredient is in each prduct were nly available fr arund a tenth f them. T estimate the rest, Clark and his clleagues trained an algrithm (算法) n the knwn prducts and used it t predict the cmpsitin f the unknwn nes. Finally, the team linked all the ingredients t an existing database f envirnmental impacts, including emissins (排放), land use and water stress.
The results may cme as n surprise: meat, fish and cheese prducts had highest envirnmental impact while fruit, vegetables, bread and sugary drink prducts had the lwest burden. Clark admits that nne f this is exciting, given what we already knew frm past research. “What is imprtant is that yu can start getting these impact estimates fr prducts that peple are purchasing, which then has a lt f effects,” he says.
One f thse is ec-lables, which can help cnsumers t make greener chices. Hwever, retailers have struggled in the past with the challenge f the large number f fd. Clark is thinking abut hw t eventually turn the data int an app that culd be used either by shppers r by retailers wanting t reduce their envirnmental impact. “We’ve made that infrmatin available in a way that means peple can start making infrmed decisins,” he says.
12．What is the purpse f Clark’s study?
A．T slve the envirnmental prblems with sme prducts.
B．T pint ut the mistakes f the previus research.
C．T fcus n the imprtant ingredients data frm retailers.
D．T estimate the envirnmental impact f frequently-bught prducts.
13．What des Paragraph 2 mainly talk abut?
A．The prcess f Clark’s study.B．The result f Clark’s study.
C．The significance f Clark’s study.D．The limitatin f Clark’s study.
14．What can be inferred abut Clark’s study frm Paragraph 3?
A．Surprising.B．Wrrying.C．Meaningful.D．Dubtful.
15．Which f the fllwing prducts shuld peple buy accrding t Clark’s study?
A．Nutritius fd like beef and eggs.B．Green fd like carrts and bananas.
C．Healthy fd like fish and tfu.D．Fresh fd like milk and chicken
【阅读理解】2
（A）
（2022·江苏苏州·校联考试卷）
Master Gardener Vlunteers Wanted
Why Becme a Master Gardener?
The Master Gardener prgram is an all-vlunteer rganizatin where yu can develp yur wn leadership and teaching skills while teaching the yunger yuth abut healthy eating, agriculture, and s n! Master Gardeners invlve peple in activities t imprve their general well-being and verall enjyment f life by helping them find sund management practices fr hme and urban natural resurces, by creating pleasing envirnments thrugh peple-plant interactins and hrticultural therapy (园艺疗法), and by cntributing t a safe, abundant fd supply thrugh hme fruit and vegetable prductin.
What Qualificatins Must Yu Meet?
Anyne can apply t be a Master Gardener—yu dn’t need t be an expert r have a degree. Yu d, hwever, need t:
●Have certain experience r knw a little abut gardening r landscape management.
●Be willing t share hrticulture infrmatin with thers.
●Be willing t attend a training prgram and can devte time t vlunteering and cntinuing educatin.
Besides, t becme a Master Gardener vlunteer, each applicant needs t cmplete an applicatin, prepare backgrund screening paperwrk and schedule an interview with Extensin staff.
What Des the Training Invlve?
Training sessins are ffered ne day a week ver a three-mnth perid and are led by expert educatrs in the regin. Apprximately 60 hurs f classrm instructin and field study and 60 hurs f vlunteer internship (实习) wrk are required t cmplete the prgram and becme certified. In rder t remain a certified Master Gardener, 30 hurs f vlunteer wrk and 10 hurs f cntinuing educatin r advanced training are required each year.
1．What des a Master Gardener d?
A．Help raise peple’s quality f life by hrticulture.
B．Teach the yuth abut diets and agriculture.
C．Prmte hrticultural practices at hme.
D．Train vlunteers t help with gardening.
2．What is required if yu want t apply t be a Master Gardener?
A．Acquiring excellent teaching skills.
B．Having sme relevant knwledge.
C．Cmpleting given training sessins.
D．Obtaining rich vlunteer experience.
3．Hw lng will it take t becme a qualified Master Gardener?
A．A year.B．Three mnths.
C．Abut 160 hurs.D．Abut 120 hurs.
（B）
（2022江苏苏州·校联考试卷）
At 1:43 a.m. Octber 5, 2022, Stanfrd chemist Carlyn R. Bertzzi was awakened by a phne call frm a Nbel cmmittee representative wh tld her, “Yu have 50 minutes t cllect yurself and wait until yur life changes.” Instructed nt t share the annuncement utside f her tightest inner circle, the first persn Bertzzi called was her father, a retired physics prfessr frm MIT. “He’s 91 and, f curse, he was just verjyed,” said Bertzzi.
Carlyn Bertzzi, brn Octber 10, 1966, Bstn, was awarded the Nbel Prize in chemistry fr her develpment f birthgnal reactins, which allw scientists t explre cells and track bilgical prcesses withut disturbing the nrmal chemistry f the cell. She shares the $10 millin Swedish krnr (abut $1 millin USD) prize equally with Mrten Meldal, prfessr at University f Cpenhagen and K. Barry Sharpless, prfessr at Scripps Research “fr the develpment f click chemistry and birthgnal chemistry.”
Carlyn received a bachelr’s degree in chemistry frm Harvard University in 1988 and a dctrate in the same subject frm the University f Califrnia, Berkeley in 1993. She was a pstdctral fellw at the University f Califrnia, San Francisc, frm 1993 t 1995. She became an assistant prfessr at Berkeley in 1996 and a full prfessr f chemistry and mlecular and cell bilgy in 2002. She als held an appintment as a prfessr f mlecular and cellular pharmaclgy frm 2000 t 2002 at the University f Califrnia, San Francisc. In 2015 she became a prfessr f chemistry at Stanfrd University.
“I culd nt be mre delighted that Carlyn Bertzzi has wn the Nbel Prize in chemistry,” said Stanfrd President Marc Tessier-Lavigne. “In pineering the field f birthgnal chemistry, Carlyn invented a new way f studying bimlecular prcesses, ne that has helped scientists arund the wrld gain a deeper understanding f chemical reactins in living systems. Her wrk has had remarkable real-wrld impact, prviding new diagnstic and therapeutic appraches t treat disease. Carlyn is s deserving f this hnr, and all f us at Stanfrd are t prud t call her ne f ur wn.”
Carlyn’s birthgnal reactins have been used t study hw cells build prteins and ther mlecules, t develp new cancer medicines, and t prduce new materials fr energy strage, amng many ther applicatins.
4．Why des the authr mentin the phne call Carlyn received in Paragraph 1?
A．T intrduce the backgrund infrmatin f Carlyn.
B．T reveal a cnversatin between tw scientists.
C．T aruse the readers’ interest in the passage.
D．T shw the urgency abut the infrmatin.
5．What can we learn abut Carlyn frm paragraphs 2 and 3?
A．Her educatin and success.B．Her delight and pride.
C．Her kindness and devtin.D．Her dream and ambitin.
6．What can we infer frm Marc Tessier-Lavigne’s wrds?
A．He wants t cperate with Carlyn.
B．Carlyn has fund a new cure fr cancer.
C．He benefits greatly frm Carlyn’s findings.
D．Carlyn’s findings are f great significance.
7．What is the text?
A．A prfile.B．A news reprt.
C．A jurnal.D．A bk review.
（C）
（2022江苏盐城·统考试卷）
The first time I heard abut my classmates engaging with scial media was in the furth grade. A few f my friends and sme f my classmates had excitedly jump nt platfrms like Instagram at such a yung age. On the ther hand, I hesitated. I nly knew the basics, but was freign t sme wrds n scial media.
All thrughut middle schl, I stuck with the same thinking. And n as a freshman in cllege, I am lking back and wndering why I have never been naturally interested in scial media.
Scanning Instagram, yu ught t find dzens f pictures f peple in beautiful cuntries, taking part in exciting activities, and spending time with friends and family, amng many ther things. The thught f ding this never resnated with me. I respect and understand thse wh believe using scial media allws them t express themselves and share aspects f their lives thers. Hwever, I have never had any interest in ding the same. In my eves, family gatherings and friend get-tgethers are just as, if nt mre meaningful when nt shared with thers.
Mst peple have experienced feeling insecure and uncnfident n scial media. Images that are changed represent unrealistic beauty standards that can nly be btained thrugh dangerus ways. Even withut using scial media, I knew that using apps like Instagram and Facebk wuld make me embarrassed f all the aspects that make me a unique individual. I never wanted t lk at a pst n scial media and immediately cmpare myself and my life.
I cnstantly bserve my classmates getting easily distracted (使分心) by scial media. While trying t cmplete their hmewrk, they have a pwerful urge t pen up Instagram r Facebk t see if there are any new messages. With hmewrk and after-class activities cnsuming the majrity f my day, I cannt wait t finish every task n my t-d list, s I can finally spend time with my family r have sme time fr myself t relax frm my busy day.
8．What can we knw frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．Scial media are ppular with students.
B．Yung pupils suffer frm scial media
C．The authr has n access t scial media.
D．Scial media cntribute t students’ study.
9．The underlined part in paragraph 3 is clsest in meaning t “________”.
A．waned ffB．let dwnC．hid frmD．appealed t
10．Why d peple using scial media might feel insecure?
A．They fllw ther peple’s beauty standards ttally.
B．Scial media change the way they lk at themselves.
C．Scial media encurage them t be a unique individual
D．They spend mre time psting their images n scial media.
11．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．A t-d list can stp peple using scial media.
B．Scial media can waste peple’s valuable time.
C．Spending time with family always enjys first pririty.
D．Students pay mre attentin t scial media than t study.
（D）
（2022·江苏南京·校联考试卷）
Yur emtin helps yu make sense f the wrld. At the cre f an emtin is a subjective experience f the valence f it — what emtin scientists call “affect” (情感). Generally speaking, affect is what we are mst fcused n. D yu have chclate cake in frnt f yu? That’s gd! D yu see a spider n the table! That’s bad!
Yur affective reactins tell yu which experiences are desirable, and which aren’t, but the ttal emtinal experience includes all yu d and think. Yu can learn a lt by bserving and describing them. Yu can als learn a lt by appreciating their secret life.
The prblem is: the affective features f emtins tend t dminate. Our subjective valence f emtin is almst all we can see. When emtins are nly abut what is pleasant r unpleasant in subjective experience right nw, the mre imprtant features f emtin disappear.
If yu can slw dwn and expand; if yu stp running r clinging (沉浸其中) and adpt a sense f curisity, emtins becme mre subtle and different. When fear cmes up, dn’t walk away s that fear dissipates. Instead, stay. Allw yurself t feel the nervusness, the sweating, and everything else that cmes alng with it. It is ne f the hardest things t d in life, but it’s als ne f the mst rewarding. If yu run, yu are telling basic parts f yur brain, “I guess this threat really was real. I better stay away frm it.” Yu are training yurself t fear, regardless f that situatin. If yu cling, yu are saying, “Escape frm this emtin is a threat”, and since it is nt a happy experience, happiness slips thrugh yur hands like sand.
Nte that yu can nt fl yurself. Just allw the full emtin. Yu will never enter int their secret life until yu stp running r clinging. T cntrl yur life, yu need t actively train yur emtins t be yur ally (同盟). Observe. Describe. Appreciate. D that and yu may find yu have allies fr healthy living that were there all alng.
12．Why des the authr mentin “chclate cake” and “spider” in paragraph 1?
A．T explain the cmplex respnse f emtins.
B．T shw the subjective experience f emtins.
C．T indicate the gdness and badness f the wrld.
D．T emphasize the significance f emtins in life.
13．What is the cnsequence if yu just fcus n yur present feelings?
A．The present feelings are less bvius.
B．The subjective emtins are less pwerful.
C．The verall picture f emtins is easier t ignre.
D．The bservatin and descriptin f emtins are easier.
14．What des the underlined wrd “dissipates” in Paragraph 4 prbably refer t?
A．Deepens.B．Spreads.C．Disappears.D．Sticks.
15．What is the text mainly abut?
A．The secret f emtins.B．The subjective experience.
C．The imprtance f allies in life.D．Magical functins f emtins.
【阅读理解】3
（A）
（2022·江苏南京·校联考模拟试卷）
Have yu ever been really hungry, but there wasn’t much t eat in yur kitchen? Did yu thrw tgether a bunch f stuff yu had n hand and were pleasantly surprised when it tasted gd? Yu aren’t alne. Sme f ur favrite fds were created by accident. Here’s a sample menu f sme familiar fds that never wuld have happened if smene hadn’t created them by mistake.
POTATO CHIPS
One f the wrld’s favrite snacks is the result f a cmplaint. In 1853, a man was eating dinner at Mn’s Lake Huse in Saratga Springs, New Yrk. He rdered fried ptates, a ppular side dish. But when they came ut f the kitchen, he didn’t think they were crispy enugh. He sent them back t the kitchen, where Chef Gerge Crum was s angry at having his cking criticized that he sliced the ptates really thin, put lts f salt n them, and fried them. Nt nly did the diner lve them, but everyne else did, t. They sn became a specialty f the restaurant.
TOFU
Tfu, r bean curd, is made by curdling (使凝结) fresh sya milk, pressing it int a slid blck, and then cling it. Tfu was accidentally invented in China 2,000 years ag, when a ck added seaweed t sya milk, which made it curdle. This is the same prcess that is used fr making cheese. Like cheese, tfu is a great example f hw really messing up a recipe can create smething unexpectedly gd.
CHEESE PUFFS
Did yu ever wnder wh thught up cheese puffs? The cmpany that invented them wasn’t even trying t make fd fr peple. It was trying t make animal feed. In the 1930s, the Flakall Cmpany f Wiscnsin made animal fd frm small, flaked pieces f grain. One day, an emplyee, Edward Wilsn, watched wrkers puring crnmeal (谷粉) int the flaking machine, wetting it t keep it frm clgging (堵塞). Because the machine was very ht, the wet crnmeal came ut f it in puffy ribbns that hardened when they hit the air. Wilsn tk sme f the ribbns hme, added il and flavring t them, and vila! Cheese puffs!
16．Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．Seaweed is als used fr making cheese.
B．Chef Gerge Crum didn’t like t criticize thers’ cking.
C．Ht wet crnmeal hardened when they hit the air.
D．Bean curd dates back 2000 years in China .
17．What d the three fds have in cmmn?
A．They are the results f cmplaints.
B．They were nt created n purpse.
C．They weren’t riginally made fr peple.
D．They are all ppular thrughut the wrld.
18．What’s the purpse f the text?
A．T cmpare the features f sme fds.
B．T infrm readers f sme fds.
C．T recmmend sme fds .
D．T intrduce the rigins f sme fds.
（B）
（2023·江苏南京·校联考模拟试卷）
Sme f my earliest memries invlve sitting with my dad in his study every night when he came hme frm the ffice. I’d watch as he put his persnal items away: his watch, wallet, cmb and car keys. They wuld always ccupy the same spt n the table every time.
Dad’s cmb was jade green. I heard he bught it when he married Mum. Every night, he wuld smile, hand me the cmb and say, “Be a gd girl and help Daddy clean it, OK?”
I was mre than happy t d it. At age five, this kind f task brught me such jy. I wuld excitedly turn the tap n, and then brush the cmb with a used tthbrush as hard as I culd. Satisfied that I’d dne a gd jb, I wuld prudly return the cmb t Dad. He wuld smile at me, and place the cmb n tp f his wallet.
Abut tw years later, Dad left his sales jb and started his wn whlesale business. I started primary schl. That was when things started t change. Dad’s business wasn’t ding s well, and ur stable life started getting shaky. He didn’t cme hme as much as he used t. And when he did cme hme, it was always late and I’d already be in bed. I started t get mad. Why didn’t he listen t Mum and just stick t his ld jb? Why take the risk and place the whle family in truble? Over the years, I stpped waiting fr him t cme hme, and stpped ging dwnstairs t check n him.
Nw 28, I’ve graduated frm cllege and gt a jb. Dad’s business has als started t get back n track. Yet the uncmfrtable silence between Dad and me went n.
Tw days befre my birthday last year, Dad came hme early. On that evening, I helped him carry his bags int his study as usual. When I turned t leave, he asked me t clean his cmb. I lked at him fr a while, then tk the cmb and headed t the sink.
It was a new cmb. This ne was brwn. I hadn’t nticed that he’d changed it. After cleaning it, I passed it back t Dad. He lked at it and smiled. But this time, I nticed smething different. My dad had aged. He had wrinkles next t his eyes when he smiled, yet his smile was still as heartwarming as befre.
19．Frm the first three paragraphs, we can learn ________.
A．the precius green cmb f Dad was made f jade
B．the earliest memries with Dad were full f jy
C．the authr wasn’t willing t clean the cmb fr Dad
D．the authr wuld study tgether with Dad every evening
20．What prbably made Dad decide t resign frm his riginal jb t start his wn business?
A．That he was fired and had t make a living.
B．That he was eager t get everything n track.
C．That he hped t earn a better life fr the family.
D．That he wanted t keep the life fr his family stable.
21．What emtinal changes did the authr experience when staying with Dad these years?
A．mad → satisfied → warm
B．satisfied → wrried → angry
C．warm → cncerned → uncmfrtable
D．cheerful → mad→ warm
22．What culd be the best title fr the text?
A．Evenings with Dad
B．A Cmb f Jade Green
C．My Earliest Memries with Dad
D．Dad’s Sales Jb & His Whlesale Business
（C）
（2022·江苏·模拟试卷）
The pandemic (疫情) has changed the shape f glbal happiness
Pliticians and fficials frequently talk abut hw COVID-19 affects public health and the ecnmy. But fr mst peple, thse are abstract cnsideratins. What they experience each day are mds. T mark Wrld Happiness Day n March 20th, researchers have tried t find ut these mds and examine the way the pandemic has changed them in the Wrld Happiness Reprt.
Glbally, between 2021 and 2022 happiness was bsted by 0.22 pints n the Cantril ladder amng peple ver the age f 60. Vide-cnferencing sftware enabled many ld peple t stay in tuch with their families. In cuntries under lckdwn, they experienced the pleasure f knwing that sciety made sacrifices t prtect them.
Meanwhile the yung had a rugh year. Many lst their jbs — in America the unemplyment rate fr peple aged 20 t 24 sht up frm 6.3% in February t 25.6% tw mnths later. In sme rich cuntries yung wmen had a particularly hard time. They ften wrked in sectrs, such as hspitality (食宿娱乐), which were shut dwn. When schls clsed, many were trubled with mre than their fair share f child care.
The mst interesting finding in the Wrld Happiness Reprt is that sme links between COVID-19 and happiness perate in bth directins. The authrs d nt suggest that happiness helps cuntries resist COVID-19. Rather, they argue that what sustains natinal happiness als makes places better at dealing with the pandemic. Surveys by Gallup shw that many f the places that have cped best with COVID-19, such as the Nrdic cuntries and New Zealand, have widespread faith in institutins and strangers. Large majrities f their residents believe that a neighbur will return a wallet if they find it.
23．What did researchers cnduct in the Wrld Happiness Reprt?
A．Analyzing hw the pandemic changed peple’s mds.
B．Finding ut what peple experienced during the pandemic.
C．Shwing the relatinship between public health and ecnmy.
D．Explaining the effects f peple’s mds during the pandemic.
24．What d we knw abut the ld peple frm paragraph 2?
A．They felt less happiness than the yunger generatin.
B．They preferred visiting their family members in persn.
C．They were in need f the sciety t care fr them mre.
D．They benefited frm the vide-cnferencing in sme way.
25．Which grup might suffer the mst in rich cuntries during the pandemic?
A．The senir citizens.B．The yung wmen.
C．The cllege students.D．The ffice wrkers.
26．What might matter the mst in face f the pandemic?
A．Supprt.B．Curage.C．Cnfidence.D．Trust.
（D）
（2022·江苏南京·校联考一模试卷）
The wrd listen, as is shwn in Lngman Dictinary, means paying attentin t what smene is saying r t a sund that yu can hear. Listening is definitely an imprtant skill in cmmunicatin. “When peple talk, listen cmpletely.” Thse wrds f Ernest Hemingway might be a pretty gd guiding principle fr many managers. After all, peple like being listened t.
Sme firms use a technique knwn as a “listening circle”. In such a circle, nly ne persn can talk abut the issues they face at a time and there is n interruptin. A study cited in the Harvard Business Review fund that emplyees wh had taken part in a listening circle subsequently suffered less scial anxiety and had fewer wrries abut wrk-related matters than thse wh did nt.
Listening has been critical t the career f Richard Mullender, wh was a hstage (人质) negtiatr, dealing with everything frm suicide interventins t internatinal kidnaps (绑架). He defines listening as “the identificatin, selectin and interpretatin f the key wrds”. It is crucial t all effective cmmunicatin.
Plenty f peple think that gd listening is abut ndding yur head r keeping eye cntact. But that is nt really listening, Mr Mullender argues. A gd listener is always lking fr facts, emtins and indicatins f the ther persn’s values. Anther imprtant pint t bear in mind is that, when yu talk, yu are nt listening. The listener’s fcus shuld be n analysis.
Of curse, a listener needs t speak ccasinally. One apprach is t make an assessment f what the ther persn is telling yu and then check it with them. Fr example, yu can check with the ther persn by saying “It seems t me that what yu want is …”. That gives the ther party a sense that they are being understd. The fundamental aim is t build up a relatinship s the ther persn likes yu and trusts yu, Mr Mullender says.
27．What can we learn abut a “listening circle”?
A．A listening circle fcuses n persnal issues.
B．In a listening circle, a speaker wn’t be interrupted.
C．A listening circle increases wrries abut wrk-related matters.
D．Emplyees get rid f scial anxiety by taking part in a listening circle.
28．What’s Mr Mullender’s attitude t speaking ccasinally when listening?
A．CriticalB．Oppsed.C．Cautius.D．Favrable.
29．Why shuld we be gd listeners?
A．T be liked and trusted by the ther persn.
B．T check ur assessments with the ther persn.
C．T make assessments f what the ther persn is saying.
D．T have a sense f being understd by the ther persn.
30．What’s the best title f the text?
A．The Analysis f a Listening Circle
B．The Tricks f Successful Listening
C．The Misunderstanding f Listening
D．The Necessity f Effective Listening
（2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷英语真题）
Grading Plicies fr Intrductin t Literature
Grading Scale
90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Belw 60, E.
Essays (60%)
Yur fur majr essays will cmbine t frm the main part f the grade fr this curse: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.
Grup Assignments (30%)
Students will wrk in grups t cmplete fur assignments (作业) during the curse. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date thrugh Blackbard, ur nline learning and curse management system.
Daily Wrk/In-Class Writings and Tests/Grup Wrk/Hmewrk (10%)
Class activities will vary frm day t day, but students must be ready t cmplete shrt in-class writings r tests drawn directly frm assigned readings r ntes frm the previus class' lecture/discussin, s it is imprtant t take careful ntes during class. Additinally, frm time t time I will assign grup wrk t be cmpleted in class r shrt assignments t be cmpleted at hme, bth f which will be graded.
Late Wrk
An essay nt submitted in class n the due date will lse a letter grade fr each class perid it is late. If it is nt turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zer. Daily assignments nt cmpleted during class will get a zer. Shrt writings missed as a result f an excused absence will be accepted.
21．Where is this text prbably taken frm?
A．A textbk.B．An exam paper.C．A curse plan.D．An academic article.
22．Hw many parts is a student’s final grade made up f?
A．Tw.B．Three.C．Fur.D．Five.
23．What will happen if yu submit an essay ne week after the due date?
A．Yu will receive a zer.B．Yu will lse a letter grade.
C．Yu will be given a test.D．Yu will have t rewrite it.
（2021 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新高考 I 卷）
By day, Rbert Tittertn is a lawyer. In his spare n stage beside pianist Maria Rasppva — nt as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m nt a trained musician, but I’ve learnt t read music s I can help Maria in her perfrmance.”
Mr Tittertn is chairman f the Omega Ensemble but has been the grup’s fficial page turner fr the past fur years. His jb is t sit beside the pianist and turn the pages f the scre s the musician desn’t have t break the flw f sund by ding it themselves. He said he became just as nervus as thse playing instruments n stage.
“A lt f skills are needed fr the jb. Yu have t make sure yu dn’t turn tw pages at nce and make sure yu find the repeats in the music when yu have t g back t the right spt.” Mr Tittertn explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty f practice. Sme pieces f music can g fr 40 minutes and require up t 50 page turns, including back turns fr repeat passages. Silent nstage cmmunicatin is key, and each pianist has their wn style f “ndding” t indicate a page turn which they need t practise with their page turner.
But like all perfrmances, there are mments when things g wrng. “I was turning the page t get ready fr the next page, but the draft wind frm the turn caused the spare pages t fall ff the stand,” Mr Tittertn said, “Luckily I was able t catch them and put them back.”
Mst page turners are pian students r up-and-cming cncert pianists, althugh Ms Rasppva has nce asked her husband t help her ut n stage.
“My husband is the wrst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every nte, and I have t say: ‘Turn, turn!’ “Rbert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”
24. What shuld Tittertn be able t d t be a page turner?
A. Read music.B. Play the pian.
C. Sing sngs.D. Fix the instruments.
25. Which f the fllwing best describes Tittertn’s jb n stage?
A. Bring.B. Well-paid.
C. Demanding.D. Dangerus.
26. What des Tittertn need t practise?
A. Cunting the pages.B. Recgnizing the “ndding”.
C. Catching falling bjects.D. Perfrming in his wn style.
27. Why is Ms Rasppva’s husband “the wrse page turner”?
A. He has very pr eyesight.B. He ignres the audience.
C. He has n interest in music.D. He frgets t d his jb.
（2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷英语真题）
Like mst f us, I try t be mindful f fd that ges t waste. The arugula (芝麻菜)was t make a nice green salad, runding ut a rast chicken dinner. But I ended up wrking late. Then friends called with a dinner invitatin. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even wrse, I had unthinkingly bught way t much; I culd have made six salads with what I threw ut.
In a wrld where nearly 800 millin peple a year g hungry, “fd waste ges against the mral grain,” as Elizabeth Ryte writes in this mnth’s cver stry. It’s jaw-drpping hw much perfectly gd fd is thrwn away — frm “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grcers t large amunts f uneaten dishes thrwn int restaurant garbage cans.
Prducing fd that n ne eats wastes the water, fuel, and ther resurces used t grw it. That makes fd waste an envirnmental prblem. In fact, Ryte writes, “if fd waste were a cuntry, it wuld be the third largest prducer f greenhuse gases in the wrld.”
If that’s hard t understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back f my refrigeratr. Mike Curtin sees my arugula stry all the time — but fr him, it's mre like 12 bnes f dnated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO f DC Central Kitchen in Washingtn, D．C．, which recvers fd and turns it int healthy meals. Last year it recvered mre than 807,500 punds f fd by taking dnatins and cllecting blemished (有瑕疵的) prduce that therwise wuld have rtted in fields. And the strawberries? Vlunteers will wash, cut, and freeze r dry them fr use in meals dwn the rad.
Such methds seem bvius, yet s ften we just dn’t think. “Everyne can play a part in reducing waste, whether by nt purchasing mre fd than necessary in yur weekly shpping r by asking restaurants t nt include the side dish yu wn’t eat,” Curtin says.
24．What des the authr want t shw by telling the arugula stry?
A．We pay little attentin t fd waste.B．We waste fd unintentinally at times.
C．We waste mre vegetables than meat.D．We have gd reasns fr wasting fd.
25．What is a cnsequence f fd waste accrding t the test?
A．Mral decline.B．Envirnmental harm.
C．Energy shrtage.D．Wrldwide starvatin.
26．What des Curtin’s cmpany d?
A．It prduces kitchen equipment.B．It turns rtten arugula int clean fuel.
C．It helps lcal farmers grw fruits.D．It makes meals ut f unwanted fd.
27．What des Curtin suggest peple d?
A．Buy nly what is needed.B．Reduce fd cnsumptin.
C．G shpping nce a week.D．Eat in restaurants less ften.
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