高中英语高考高考英语语法总复习课件：虚拟语气

这是一份高中英语高考高考英语语法总复习课件：虚拟语气，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了CONTENTS，虚拟语气考点总结，下一节非谓语动词等内容，欢迎下载使用。
什 么 是 虚 拟 语 气
虚拟语气考点总结 一、虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用 ① 错综时间条件句 ② if省略句 ③ 含蓄条件句④半虚拟 二、wish, as if/thugh和if nly 三、shuld类虚拟语气 四、情态动词+have dne 五、虚拟语气固定句型 六、虚拟语气解题常用技巧
一、虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用 分清主从句：跟在IF后面的一定是从句 (1)对现在的虚拟 If从句 主句 did/werewuld/shuld/culd/might d （was 绝不会出现） If I were yu, I wuld tell her the truth. If yu std here,yu wuld see the hill
(2)对过去的虚拟 If从句 主句 had dne wuld/shuld/culd/might have dne If yu had taken my advice, yu wuld have passed the exam. =
(3)对将来的虚拟 If从句 主句 did/shuld d/were t dwuld/shuld/culd/might d If he didn’t cme tmrrw, we wuld put ff the meeting.
主过将从过， 主过将完从过完wuld d/did wuld have dne/had dne
【例1】If we ______ (take)the ther rad, we might have arrived here in time fr the meeting.
主过将从过 ，主过将完从过完
【例1】If we had taken (take)the ther rad, we might have arrived here in time fr the meeting.
【例2】Jhn went t the hspital alne.If he ______（tell） me abut it, I wuld have gne with him.
【例2】Jhn went t the hspital alne.If he had tld（tell） me abut it, I wuld have gne with him.
虚拟语气在If条件句中的特殊用法
① 错综时间条件句（比如一半过去，一半现在）（会有明显时间标志词）例: If yu had fllwed my advice just nw, yu wuld be betternw.If yu had studied hard befre, yu wuld be a cllege student nw.做题时注意：动词的形式根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整一分为二，先找时间再判断时态。
【例4】If we ______ （bk）a table earlier, we culdn’t be standing here in a queue. 主过将从过 ，主过将完从过完
【例4】If we had bked （bk）a table earlier, we culdn’t be standing here in a queue. 主过将从过 ，主过将完从过完
【例5】Maybe if I ______ （study）science, and nt literature then, Iwuld be able t give yu mre help.
【例5】Maybe if I had studied （study）science, and nt literature then, Iwuld be able t give yu mre help.
② if省略句(1) If I were yu, I wuld nt let her g.= Were I yu, I wuld nt let her g.(2) If they had helped us, we wuld nt have failed it.= Had they helped us, we wuld nt have failed it.(3) If they shuld cme tmrrw, we wuld finish it.= Shuld they cme tmrrw, we wuld finish it.去掉if，从句变一般疑问语序（倒装）。
【例6】_____he caught the mrning train, he wuld nt have been latefr the meeting.if he had caught 主过将从过 ，主过将完从过完先一眼识别出来，明明是一般疑问句句尾却不是问号。
【例6】Had he caught the mrning train, he wuld nt have been latefr the meeting.if he had caught 主过将从过 ，主过将完从过完先一眼识别出来，明明是一般疑问句句尾却不是问号。
【例7】______ tday, he wuld get there by Friday.A. Were he t leaveB. If he had leftC. Did he t leaveD. Had he left 主过将从过 ，主过将完从过完 if he left/were t leave tday
③ 含蓄条件句句中含有with, withut, but fr, r, therwise, r else等，虽然没有出现if，但表示的是if的含义。十年来所有考过的含蓄条件句99%都会选择wuld have dne(1) Withut yur help, I wuldn’t have passed the exam.= If yu didn’t help me, I wuldn’t have passed the exam.=But fr yur help, I wuld nt have passed this exam.
(2) I dn’t have yur telephne number, therwise/r else I wuldhave called yu back.= If I had yur number, I wuld have called yu back.(3) What wuld yu d with a millin dllars?=What wuld yu d if yu had a millin dllars?
【例8】But fr the help f my English teacher, I _____ the firstprize in the English Writing Cmpetitin.A. wuld nt winB. wuld nt have wnC. wuld winD. wuld have wn
④半虚拟例: I might have given yu mre help (if I had time),but I was t busy.半真半假，but是标志词
【例9】Bb wuld have helped us yesterday, but he ______(be)busy【例10】We ______(study) last night, but we went t the cinema instead. 主过将从过 ，主过将完从过完
【例9】Bb wuld have helped us yesterday, but he was(be)busy【例10】We wuld have studied(study) last night, but we went t the cinema instead. 主过将从过 ，主过将完从过完
二、wish, as if/thugh和if nly（要是...就好了）（往前推一个时态）现在（同时）：did/were过去（早于）：had dne将来（晚于）：wuld dI wish I were a bird./If nly I were a bird.（同时）I wish I had seen the film./If nly I had seen the film.（早于）I wish yu wuld d that again./If nly yu wuld d that again.（晚于）
He lks as if he were an artist.（同时）He speaks English s fluently as if he had studiedEnglish in America.（早于）He studies English s hard as if he wuld g t （晚于）看实际情况，实际情况是真的不用虚拟，不是实际情况用虚拟
【例11】When a pencil is parted in a glass f water, it lks as if it _____(break)_.【例12】Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ______ (happen)yesterday.
【例11】When a pencil is parted in a glass f water, it lks as if it were brken(break).【例12】Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it had happened (happen)yesterday.
【例13】Lk at the terrible situatin I am in! If nly I ______ (fllw)yur advice.知识扩展：fllw/take sb's advice
【例13】Lk at the terrible situatin I am in! If nly I had fllwed (fllw)yur advice.知识扩展：fllw/take sb's advice
【例14】I wish that yu _____ such a bad headache because Iam sure that yu wuld have enjyed the cncert.A. had ntB. did nt have hadC. hadn’t hadD. hadn’t havehave 助动词 构成过去完成时had dne 实意动词
三、shuld类虚拟语气 （宾语从句和表语从句主语从句中）1.用shuld 类虚拟语气的动词一坚持：insist that sb shuld d二命令：rder ,cmmand ,三建议： advise ,prpse ,suggest recmmend 建议四要求：demand ,require , request , ask
I drp caps一头一尾两特殊insist demand require/request/recmmend rder prpse cmmand advise prefer suggest改变形式同样适用换用句式：It is suggested that…主语从句 My suggestin is that…表语从句由I drp caps引导的不管是宾语从句表语从句还是主语从句一律用shuld类虚拟语气一头一尾两特殊
insist 坚持：虚拟语气坚持说：不用虚拟语气看实际情况来区分I insist that yu shuldn’t smke here.He insisted that he had never stlen the mney.suggest 建议：虚拟语气暗示，表明：不用虚拟语气=indicateI suggest that we (shuld) g t the party tgether.The smile n her face suggested that she was satisfiedwith my wrk.
改错：Sme classmates suggest we can g t places f interest nearby．
改错：Sme classmates suggest we can g t places f interest nearby．shuld
2.It is adj. that从句(shuld d) （考的少，了解就行了）重要的：necessary, essential, imprtant, significant, vital, crucial,urgent等可取的：desirable, preferable, prper, natural可能的：pssible, prbable例：It is essential that we shuld check urselves everyday.用虚拟时暗含这件事情不可能是真的。
3 特殊句型表示“惊讶”语气，译为“竟然”It is strange that she shuld fall in lve with such a by.It is a pity that yu shuldn’t knw him.It is surprising that yu shuldn’t pass the exam.
【例15】My mm suggests that we ______ eat ut fr a changethis weekend.【例16】Eye dctrs recmmend that a child’s first eye exam_____(be) at the age f six mnths ld. (shuld) d
【例15】My mm suggests that we shuld eat ut fr a changethis weekend.【例16】Eye dctrs recmmend that a child’s first eye exambe (be) at the age f six mnths ld. (shuld) d
【例17】It was requested that the play ______ again.A. shuld put nB. wuld put nC. be put nD. put nshuld be put n【例18】My suggestin is that the meeting _____(be)put ff till nextSunday.
【例17】It was requested that the play ______ again.A. shuld put nB. wuld put nC. be put nD. put nshuld be put n【例18】My suggestin is that the meeting be (be)put ff till nextSunday.
四、情态动词+have dneculd/might have dne 本来能做却没做shuld/ught t have dne 本该做而实际上没做(抱怨和责备) Yu shuld have finished yur hmewrk yesterdayshuld nt/ught nt t have dne 本不该做而做了needn’t have dne 本不必做而做了
【例19】If it had nt been fr the snw, we culd have climbed the muntain yesterday. 主过将完从过完
五、虚拟语气固定句型 1.Wuld yu mind + 主语 + 谓语虚拟?sb did sth您是否介意…?(不用记，只会出现在听力考试中）◎2.wuld rather (that) 主语 + 谓语虚拟宁愿… 1) wuld rather 单独使用相当于情态动词，后跟d, wuld rather d 2) 如果出现宾语后面必用虚拟did/had dne wuld rather (that) sb did现在/将来 I wuld rather yu didn't cme had dne过去I wuld rather yu hadn't cme◎3.It is high time that sb. did sth.= It is high time that sb shuld d sth到某人做某事的时间 4.It is necessary/imprtant/essential/strange/natural/advisable that sb. (shuld) d sth.
5.It is a pity/duty/shame/regret that sb. (shuld) d sth.6.But fr/Withut + sth. +主语 + 谓语虚拟 要不是…7.If nly + 主语 + 谓语虚拟 要是…就好了！8. 主句 + as if/as thugh + 主语 + 谓语虚拟 就好像…
【例20】We wuld rather ur daughter _____ (stay)at hme with us,but it is her chice, and she is nt a child any lnger.
【例20】We wuld rather ur daughter stayed (stay)at hme with us,but it is her chice, and she is nt a child any lnger.
【例21】It is high time that we _____ (hld)a meeting t discuss thisprblem.
【例21】It is high time that we held (hld)a meeting t discuss thisprblem.
虚拟语气解题技巧全掌握虚拟语气考点：1. 黄金法则：主过将从过，主过将完从过完2. 标志词潜规则：but，时间标志词，with, withut, but fr, r, therwise, r else3. 特殊句型潜规则as if /if nly/ wish/I'd rather/it's the high time/I drp caps拿到考题的思维顺序3.2.1
特殊句型潜规则（35%）1.wish, as if/thugh和if nly•解题谨记：看时间，第一看时间标志词，第二看具体情况 同时：did•早于：had dne晚于：wuld d•If nly I were a bird.（同时）•If nly I had seen the film(早于）•If nly yu wuld d that again.（晚于）
•2. shuld类虚拟语I drp capsinsistdemand/desirerequire/requestrder prpsecmmandadvise/askprefersuggest
3.情态动词+have dne culd/might have dne 本来能做却没做shuld/ught t have dneshuld nt/ught nt t have dne 本不该做而做了needn’t have dne 本不必做而做了4. wuld rather (that) sb. did sth. 宁愿某人做了某事•wuld rather d sth. 宁愿做某事5.Wuld yu mind sb. did sth.? 你是否介意…？ 6.It is high time that sb. did/(shuld) d sth.(作文中可用，替代we shuld）到某人做某事的时间
• 7. It is +adj./抽象n.（表性质） +that sb. shuld d sth.•形容词：•necessary/imprtant/essential/strange/natural/advisableb•抽象名词：•a pity/duty/shame/regret
标志词潜规则（40%）类型一：but解题谨记：看见but，半真半假I might have given yu mre help (if I had time),but I was t busy.Bb wuld have helped us yesterday, but he was busy.
类型二：时间标志解题谨记：看见时间，分类讨论If yu had studied hard befre, yu wuld be a cllege student nw.
类型三：横线在句首解题谨记：补充完整再省略_____I yu, I wuld nt let her g.____yu helped us, we wuld nt have failed it.If I were yu If yu had helped us
•类型四： with, withut, but fr, r, therwise, r else•解题谨记：话不明说，过将完• I dn’t have yur telephne number, therwise/r I wuld have called yuback.• But fr yur help, I wuld nt have passed this exam.I didn't knw that he was a cheat,r else I wuldn't have believe him(r else=if I had knwn he was a cheat)我不知道他是个骗子，不然我也不会相信他了。
主过将从过，主过将完从过完 (25%)
解题需谨记：1.分清主句和从句2.有特殊的优先按照特殊来做
1.Gerge is ging t talk abut the gegraphy f his cuntry, but I’d rather he ______ (fcus)mre n its culture. 2.I ______ (cme)sner but I didn’t knw that they were waiting fr me. 3.They ______(get) tw free tickets t Canada, therwise they’d never have been able t affrd t g. 4.If he ______(fllw) my advice, he wuldn't have lst his jb.
1.Gerge is ging t talk abut the gegraphy f his cuntry, but I’d rather he fcused (fcus)mre n its culture. 2.I wuld have cme (cme)sner but I didn’t knw that they were waiting fr me. 3.They gt(get) tw free tickets t Canada, therwise they’d never have been able t affrd t g. 4.If he had fllwed(fllw) my advice, he wuldn't have lst his jb.
一、虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用 主过将从过，主过将完从过完 二、if条件句的特殊用法① 错综时间条件句：根据时间，分别讨论② if省略句：去掉if，从句变一般疑问语序（倒装） ③ 含蓄条件句：句中含有with, withut, but fr, r, therwise, r else等多数情况都用wuld have dne 形式④半虚拟：看见but，半真半假虚拟语气在高考中会出现在完形填空和语法填空中，在作文中运用虚拟语气等特殊句式是加分的亮点
二、wish, as if/thugh和if nly（退一步）三、shuld类虚拟语气四、情态动词+have dneculd/might have dne 本来能做却没做shuld/ught t have dne 本该做而实际上没做(抱怨和责备) shuld nt/ught nt t have dne 本不该做而做了needn’t have dne 本不必做而做了◎五、虚拟语气固定句型
1）wuld rather (that) 主语 + 谓语虚拟宁愿… 果出现宾语后面必用虚拟did/had dne2）It is high time that sb. did/(shuld) d sth.到某人做某事的时间
虚拟语气解题技巧全掌握考点分布：1. 黄金法则：主过将从过，主过将完从过完2. 标志词潜规则：but，时间标志词，with, withut, but fr, r, therwise, r else3. 特殊句型潜规则as if /if nly/ wish/I'd rather/it's the high time/I drp caps拿到考题的思维顺序3.2.1
1.If he had spent mre time practicing English befre,he ______ able t speak it much better nw.A. will beB. wuld beC. has beenD. wuld have been 2.We lst ur way in that small village, therwise we ______mre places f interest yesterday.A. visitedB. had visitedC. wuld visitD. wuld have visited
答案解析：1D.过去虚拟 2 D.出现标志词therwise，一律用wuld d形式
I'm here waiting fr yu !