高中英语高考必修三 Unit 4 Astronomy 2021届高考英语一轮复习能力提升题

这是一份高中英语高考必修三 Unit 4 Astronomy 2021届高考英语一轮复习能力提升题，共8页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，短文改错等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
A
The Best and Wrst Things t Buy in March
Frzen fd
Grcery stre ads aren't the nly places t find deals n freezer­sectin treats. T take advantage f the deepest discunts, cmbine cupns (优惠券) frm spnsring brands, such as Dle, Green Giant and Tysn Fds, with grcery stre sales. Plus, lk fr printable savings n Cupns.cm and EasyHmeMeals.cm. Brands participating in Natinal Frzen Fd Mnth will ffer mre than 180，000 cupns that make frzen fd amng the best things t buy in March.
Bxed chclates
If yu desire t give a gift t a friend in March, cnsider chclate. Tw minr hlidays in March prvide the perfect excuse：Natinal Chclate Caramel Day n March 19 and Natinal Chclate­Cvered Raisin Day n March 24. Yu can discver chclate deals nline as well as in stres. Head t sites like RetailMeNt.cm t find discunt cupns fr bxed chclate savings f 10 percent r mre.
New cars
With the latest car mdels filling dealers' lts, yu'll have a hard time finding discunted mdels frm the year befre. Car dealerships are less mtivated t ffer steep discunts frm March thrugh May. Instead, plan t buy yur car during the fall r winter. Yu shuld als research the aut yu want at TrueCar befre heading fr the dealership. The site ffers infrmatin n what peple in yur area paid fr vehicles equipped with the ptins yu want.
Spring clthing
When warm weather makes yu want t head utdrs, resist the urge t d s wearing the latest fashins. Yu wn't find March deals n swimsuits, Easter dresses r ther spring items. T find discunts n clthes f this spring, hld ff until Memrial Day weekend. Yu can als lk fr nline and in­stre savings at Amazn, Macy's, Saks Fifth Avenue and ther retailers.
1. Which things ffer discunts in March accrding t the text?
A. Frzen fd and new cars.
B. Bxed chclates and new cars.
C. Frzen fd and bxed chclates.
D. Bxed chclates and spring clthing.
2. What des the authr advise us t d?
A. Register n a site.
B. Attend a hliday event.
C. Cnsult peple in ur areas.
D. Lk fr discunt infrmatin nline.
3. Which f the fllwing festivals is celebrated after March?
A. Memrial Day.
B. Natinal Frzen Fd Mnth.
C. Natinal Chclate Caramel Day.
D. Natinal Chclate­Cvered Raisin Day.
【主题语境】人与社会
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几种适合在三份月购买的物品以及不适合购买的物品。
【答案解析】
1. C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句… make frzen fd amng the best things t buy in March.可知冷冻食物是最适合在三月份购买的物品之一。第二段又说到，三月有两个关于巧克力的节日会给人们带来很大的优惠，这说明冷冻食品和巧克力是适合在三月份购买的。
2. D 细节理解题。文章四个段落都分别提到了到网络上查找信息或者关注优惠细节。
3. A 推理判断题。第一段讲到Natinal Frzen Fd Mnth使得冷冻食品成为三月最受欢迎的物品之一，说明这个节日庆祝的时间应该是三月；而Natinal Chclate Caramel Day和Natinal Chclate­Cvered Raisin Day分别是在三月十九日和二十四日。文章最后一段说到三月不适合买春季衣服，作者建议等到Memrial Day之后，这说明Memrial Day是三月之后庆祝的。
B
(湖北黄冈市2020届高三英语10月联考)
Imagine yu are 10 years ld. Yu live in a big city and want t visit yur best friend, a five­minute walk away, and then yu can g t the park, anther 10 minutes' walk. The prblem is that there's a big dangerus rad between yu and yur friend, and anther between yur friend's hme and the park. When yu ask yur parents if yu can walk there, they say n. But they are t busy t take yu there themselves. Perhaps yu have a vide cnversatin with yur friend instead, r perhaps yu play a vide game n the sfa. Yu've lst ut n time utside and, f curse, play time with yur friend. This is the reality fr many kids tday—but it desn't have t be this way.
Tim Gill, the authr f N Fear: Grwing up in a Risk Averse Sciety, says a child­friendly city is ne that allws “everyday freedm”， s a child can spread their wings as they grw. “It's nt enugh t just talk abut playgrunds and nice, pretty public spaces. That just creates play places that children have t be taken t by adults，” says Gill.
Sciety's mistake, argues Gill, is that ur planning systems just fcus n cars, huse­building and the ecnmy rather than the envirnment, health and quality f life. “Yu wn't find any urban planners wh can disagree with that. It's because ur decisin­makers fail t lk beynd the next tw r three years.”
Designing cities with children in mind—particularly utdr spaces that encurage safe mvement and scial interactin—stands t be an issue f grwing cncern glbally. By 2050 arund 70% f peple will live in cities, and the majrity f them will be under 18. Tday, ver a billin children are grwing up in cities.
4. What phenmenn is described in the first paragraph?
A. Dangerus rads.B. Additin t vide games.
C. Parents' imprper behavirs.
D. Lack f utdr activities fr kids.
5. What may the urban planners agree accrding t Gill?
A. Children lack public spaces.B. Peple live a life f lw quality.
C. Their city planning is inapprpriate.
D. They are limited by their imaginatin.
6. Why des the authr mentin the data in the last paragraph?
A. T illustrate the changes f urban ppulatin.
B. T stress the necessity f building mre cities.
C. T prmte children's awareness f self­prtectin.
D. T shw the urgency f cnsidering kids in urban planning.
7. What is the text mainly abut?
A. The appeal fr a child­friendly city.
B. Challenges facing urban children.
C. Difficulties in city planning.D. Prblems in mdern cities.
【主题语境】人与社会
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们的城市规划系统只关注汽车、房屋建设和经济，而忽视了环境、健康和生活质量，因各种安全原因，儿童无法在外玩耍。以儿童为中心设计城市是一个日益受到全球关注的问题，文章呼吁人们去建立一个对儿童友好的城市。
【答案解析】
4. D 细节理解题。由第一段中列举的事例可知，因各种原因，如道路安全，儿童缺乏足够的户外活动，故选D。
5. C 细节理解题。由文章第三段内容可知，Gill认为社会的错误在于，我们的城市规划系统只关注汽车、房屋建设和经济，而忽视了环境、健康和生活质量。你找不到任何城市规划者可以不同意这一点。规划者们可能会认为他们的城市规划是不恰当的。
6. D 推理判断题。作者在最后一段中提出以儿童为中心设计城市是一个日益受到全球关注的问题。并通过列举到2050年，大约70%的人将生活在城市，其中大多数不到18岁，以及今天超过10亿儿童在城市中成长来支撑他的论点，故选D。
7. A 主旨大意题。文章介绍了因各种安全原因，城市儿童无法在外玩耍。随着社会的发展，以儿童为中心设计城市是一个日益受到全球关注的问题，文章呼吁人们去建立一个对儿童友好的城市。
二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
eq \a\vs4\al(（2019四川绵阳第二次诊断）)
A Shanghai pliceman tk n the rle f sn t help cmfrt an elderly cuple, __8__ had lst their wn sn in a deadly accident.
In 2003, Liang Qiaying and her sn __9__ (expse) t pisnus gas during an accident. The wman survived, but her yung sn was __10__ (lucky). And Liang was left mentally­disabled. Her husband, Xia Zhanhai, culdn't bear t tell her the __11__ (true) abut their sn. Instead, whenever his wife asked t see the sn, he kept __12__ (say) that their sn had gne t wrk in anther city.
In 2010, while watching a televisin shw, Xia Zhanhai was amazed t see an fficer that lked __13__ (exact) like his sn. He immediately knew that the yung man was the answer t making his wife smile again. With __14__ help f the televisin statin and the plice statin, the cuple were able t meet the very pliceman n the TV shw.
The yung pliceman was tuched by __15__ (they) lss and sadness, and said that he was mre than willing __16__ (act) as their sn. Althugh he still hesitated t call anther wman “Mm”， his mther was happy t supprt his actin.
Their “reunin” lasted just a few minutes n the shw, but it had a lasting influence __17__ the sick “mther”.
【主题语境】 人与社会
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。上海的一名警察通过扮演儿子的角色，去安慰一对因为一场事故而失去儿子的老年夫妇。
【答案解析】
8. wh 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词为an elderly cuple，指人，因此，该定语从句应用wh引导。故填wh。
9. were expsed 考查动词时态语态。expse… t…意为“使……置于……(危险)当中”，为固定用法。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语Liang Qiaying and her sn与expse之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；根据时间状语In 2003可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were expsed。
10. unlucky 考查词形转换。句意：这位女士活了下来，但她的儿子却没那么幸运。空处与was构成系表结构，因此应用形容词作表语，再结合句意可知，应填unlucky。
11. truth 考查名词。句意：她的丈夫夏占海不忍心告诉她关于他们儿子的事实。根据空前的the可知，此处应填名词。故填truth。
12. saying 考查非谓语动词。句意：反而，他妻子无论何时问起儿子，他就说他们的儿子去另一个城市工作了。keep ding sth.意为“不断做某事”。故填saying。
13. exactly 考查副词。句意：2010年，夏占海看一档电视节目时惊奇地看见一位警察很像自己的儿子。此处修饰介词短语like his sn，表示程度，应用副词。故填exactly。
14. the 考查冠词。with the help f…为固定搭配，意为“在……的帮助下”。故填the。
15. their 考查代词。根据空后的lss and sadness可知，该空应填形容词性物主代词。故填their。
16. t act 考查非谓语动词。be willing t d sth.意为“愿意做某事”。
17. n/upn 考查介词。have an influence n/upn…意为“对……有影响”，为固定搭配。故填n/upn。
三、短文改错
(安徽毛坦厂中学2020届高三11月月考)
One day, when I was n the train, there was crwds f peple at ne f the statins. A ld man and a little girl tried t get n. Just as she stepped n the train, the guard shut the gate and leave the girl utside. The girl ran after the train and cried, “Mister, let me t g with him. My grandpa is blind.” Nt knew where he was, the ld man felt thrugh the air fr the gently hand f the girl. I tk care the ld man and gt him ff at the next statin, when we waited till the girl came. That was the mst tuching thing I had never experienced.
【答案解析】
第一处： 把there后的was改为were。考查主谓一致。在there be句型中，be动词应与句中crwds f peple的数保持一致，crwds f peple为复数含义，故把was改为were。
第二处： 把ld前的A改为An。考查冠词。此处指一位老人，且ld首字母发元音音素，故用不定冠词An修饰。
第三处： 把she改为he。考查代词。结合后文知，此处是老人上了车而小女孩被留在了站台，故用he。
第四处： 把leave改为left。考查动词时态。此处讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时。
第五处： 删除g前的t。考查非谓语动词。let sb. d sth.意为“让某人做某事”，为固定用法。
第六处： 把knew改为knwing。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中含有主语和谓语动词，故此处是非谓语动词作状语。主语the ld man和knw之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用动词­ing形式。
第七处： 把gently改为gentle。考查形容词。修饰名词hand用形容词。
第八处： 在care后加f。考查介词。take care f意为“照顾”，为固定短语。
第九处： 把we前的when改为where。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为statin，表地点，且关系词在从句中作状语，故用where来引导。
第十处： 把never改为ever。考查副词。never意为“从不；绝不”，ever意为“以往任何时候；曾经”。句意：那是我曾经历过的最感人的事。结合句意知此处用ever修饰。