高中英语高考北京专用2020届高考英语一轮复习专题十二谓语动词课件

这是一份高中英语高考北京专用2020届高考英语一轮复习专题十二谓语动词课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了历年高考试题汇编，考点二　动词的语态等内容，欢迎下载使用。
专题十二 谓语动词
高考英语 (北京市专用)
A组  2017—2019年高考模拟·考点基础题组
考点一　动词的时态和主谓一致
1.(2019河北张家口、沧州一模,70)Over the years, Dalian Jinpu New District has successfully held a number of special tourism festivals with its rich culture and tourism resources. The Interna-tional Beach Culture Festival at Jinshitan 　　     (become) a well-known brand in Northeast China and even Northeast Asia.
答案　has become　句意:多年以来,大连金普新区以其丰富的文化和旅游资源成功举办了很多特别的旅游节。金石滩的国际沙滩文化节已经成为了中国东北地区甚至是亚洲东北地区的一个品牌。本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。从上一句中的时间状语Over the years可知,本句应用现在完成时,又因主语为The International Beach Culture Festival,所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数,故填has become。
2.(2019北京通州第一学期期末, 3)If we 　　     (keep) on doing this practice, gradually we'll learn how to express ourselves in English.
答案　keep　句意:如果我们一直这样做的话,我们渐渐就会学会如何用英语表达自己。本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。这句话是主从复合句,if引导条件状语从句,根据“主将从现”的原则可知,从句用一般现在时表示将来,且从句主语是we,故填keep。
3.(2019北京通州第一学期期末, 8)In recent years, learning Chinese 　　     (become) popular among people around the world.
答案　has become　句意:近些年来,学中文受到世界各地人们的欢迎。本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In recent years可知,用现在完成时,动名词作主语,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故填has become。
4.(2019北京海淀第一学期期中,30)—Will you be home before 7:00 pm tomorrow?—Probably not, I 　　    (pick) up Johnny at the airport then.
答案　will be picking　句意:——明晚7点前你在家吗?——可能不在,我那时正在机场接约翰尼。本题考查动词的时态。答语中的时间状语then指的是明晚7点,描述将来某刻正在发生的动作需使用将来进行时。
5.(2019北京海淀第一学期期中,27)—Allan, I 　　    (ask)you to come down several times. Why are you still here?—Sorry, Mom. But I'm busy with my project.
答案　have asked　句意:——艾伦,我喊了好几遍让你下来。你为什么还在这儿?——抱歉,妈妈。我正忙着做我的课题呢。本题考查动词的时态。根据题干可知语境为现在,虽然ask这个动作是过去发生的,但是此处强调对现在的影响,故使用现在完成时。
6.(2019北京海淀第一学期期中,21)Lang Lang's mother 　　    (start)to train him to play the pi-ano when he was very young.
答案　started　句意:在郎朗很小的时候,他的母亲就开始训练他弹钢琴。本题考查动词的时态。“在他很小的时候”是一个过去的时间,因此start需使用一般过去时。
7.(2019北京海淀第一学期期中,24)—Mona is never happy. Look, she 　　    (complain)about her lunch.—I think she'd better change her way of thinking.
答案　is complaining　句意:——莫娜从来不快乐。看,她正在抱怨她的午饭。——我觉得她最好改变一下她的思考方式。本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据提示词Look可知,她抱怨的动作正在发生,应使用现在进行时;又因主语为she,谓语动词应用第三人称单数,故填is complaining。
8.(2018北京朝阳一模,14)I think Ana 　　    (finish)her packing since she started getting things ready early this morning.
答案　has finished　句意:我认为Ana已经完成打包了,因为她今天一早就开始收拾东西。本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句意可知,此空表示过去的动作对现在的影响,所以应用现在完成时表示已经打包完;主语为Ana,谓语动词应用第三人称单数,故填has finished。
9.(2018北京海淀一模,7)On Sunday morning, Nancy 　　    (review)plans for the trip when her mother walked in.
答案　was reviewing　句意:周日早上,当Nancy的妈妈走进来时,她正在复查旅行计划。本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据动词walked可知,review这个动作发生在过去;且她妈妈走进来的时候,review这个动作正在进行,故用过去进行时;主语为Nancy,谓语动词用第三人称单数,故填was reviewing。
10.(2018北京西城二模,12)Upon arriving home, Lily found that her husband 　　    (prepare)a candlelight dinner.
答案　had prepared　句意:一到家,Lily就发现她的丈夫准备好了烛光晚餐。本题考查动词的时态。根据题干可知,发现时晚餐就已经准备好了,“发现”发生在过去,“准备”发生在“发现”之前,应用过去完成时。
11.(2018北京海淀第一学期期末,29)—Has the interviewee arrived? —No. I hope he is not lost. It 　　    (be)not easy to find this place.
答案　is　句意:——参加面试的人到了吗?——没有,我希望他没有迷路,这个地方不好找。本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据题干可知地方不好找是客观事实,故用一般现在时;此处为it作形式主语,故填is。
12.(2018北京西城第一学期期末,34)—I'm preparing dinner. Are you allergic to anything? —No. But I 　　    (eat)red meat.
答案　don't eat　句意:——我正在准备晚饭,你对什么过敏吗?——不,但我不吃红肉。本题考查动词的时态。根据句意可知回答者描述的是自己的习惯,是客观事实,故用一般现在时,通过题干中的转折词But可推断“我不吃红肉”,所以要用否定形式。
13.(2018北京朝阳第一学期期中,14)The notice says that customers 　　    (request)not to take anything into the changing room.
答案　are requested　句意:告示上说顾客不能拿任何东西进入换衣间。本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据题干可知customers和request之间为被动关系,故使用被动语态,且此处表示通常情况,故用一般现在时的被动语态。
14.(2018北京海淀第一学期期中,27)I 　　    (write)a letter once a week to my family when I was in my first college year.
答案　wrote　句意:我上大一的时候,一周给家里写一封信。本题考查动词的时态。根据状语从句“我上大学一年级的时候”可知写信发生在过去,而且一周写一封信为过去反复发生的动作,故用一般过去时。
15.(2017北京西城一模,22)—You often work overtime recently. Why?—I 　　    (make)money to buy a new car.
答案　am making　句意:——你最近经常加班,为什么啊?——我在挣钱来买辆新车。本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知对方最近经常加班是要买辆新车,挣钱是最近经常在做的事情,应用现在进行时;主语为I,故填am making。
16.(2017北京海淀二模,22)—I dropped by at 6:00 pm yesterday but failed to see you at your house. —I 　　    (exercise)in a gym at that time.
答案　was exercising　句意:——我昨天晚上6点来过,但是没在你家看到你。——我当时正在健身房锻炼呢。本题考查动词的时态。根据第一句中的时间可知事情发生在过去,后句中的at that time提示在所提到的昨天晚上6点的时候我正在做某事,故用过去进行时态。
17.(2017北京海淀一模,28)At this time tomorrow I 　　    (lie)on the beach in Sanya, enjoying the sunshine there.
答案　will be lying　句意:明天的这个时候我将会躺在三亚的海滩上,享受着那里的阳光。本题考查动词的时态。根据题干中的At this time tomorrow可知,动作发生在将来,而且表示将来的具体某个时刻,用将来进行时更符合句意。
18.(2017北京东城第一学期期末,21)Frank 　　    (collect)stamps in his spare time. It's his hob-by.
答案　collects　句意:Frank利用业余时间收集邮票,这是他的爱好。本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句意,收集邮票是爱好,应用一般现在时表达经常性的动作;主语为Frank,谓语动词应用第三人称单数,故填collects。
19.(2017北京丰台一模,25)It 　　    (rain)for two weeks, and the whole area is flooded.
答案　has been raining　句意:雨天已经持续两周的时间了,整个地区都洪水泛滥。本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句意可知,洪水泛滥是现在的状况,可能雨还没有停,也可能刚刚停但是仍然对现在的状态有影响,因此用现在完成进行时;主语为it,指天气,谓语动词应用第三人称单数,故填has been raining。
考点二　动词的语态
1.(2019河北张家口、沧州一模,67)During the festival, 18 themed activities 　　     (hold), show-ing international youth culture and art exchange, seafood cuisine, beach volleyball matches, model contests, environmental protection and so on, which provided more choices for citizens and tourists to enrich the beach life.
答案　were held　句意:在节日期间,18个主题活动被举办,展示了国际青年文化和艺术交流、海鲜烹饪、沙滩排球比赛、模特大赛和环境保护等活动,给当地居民和游客提供了更多选择以丰富他们的海滩生活。本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据provided可知应用一般过去时,主语activities和hold之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态,而且主语是可数名词复数,因此填were held。
2.(2019湖北八市三月联考,70)The first such event 　　     (hold) in Kunming, Yunnan Province in 1999.
答案　was held　句意:第一个这样的活动于1999年在云南昆明举办。本题考查动词的时态和语态。从时间状语in 1999可知应用一般过去时,主语event与hold之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,因此设空处填was held。
3.(2019陕西汉中三月联考,68)The brain benefits 　　     (see) among people who ate roughly one and a third cups of raw greens a day, or about a half-cup of cooked dark, leafy greens.
答案　were seen　句意:对于大脑的好处已经从那些每天吃大约一又三分之一杯生菜或者半杯炒熟的绿叶菜的人身上看到了。本题考查主谓一致和动词的语态。主语为复数,与see之间为被动关系,因此填were seen。
4.(2019安徽江南十校综合素质检测, 64)Since opening, the three-hour drive between Hong Kong, Zhuhai and Macao　　     (shorten) to 30 minutes.
答案　has been shortened　句意:自从开通以来,香港、珠海和澳门之间的距离已经从三小时的车程缩短到了三十分钟。本题考查动词的时态和语态。从Since opening可知用现在完成时,主语the three-hour drive与所给词shorten之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,故填has been short-ened。
5.(2018北京丰台第一学期期末,8)—Have you moved into the new house?—Not yet. It 　　    (build).
答案　is being built　句意:——你搬进新房子里了吗?——还没呢,房子正在建。本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据句意可知,还没搬进去的原因是房子正在被建,故应用现在进行时的被动语态。
6.(2018北京朝阳一模,10)—Are the repairs finished yet?—Yes, they 　　    (complete)when I came back home.
答案　had been completed　句意:——修理结束了吗?——结束了,在我回到家时就做完了。本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语when I came back home可知“修复完成”发生在过去的过去,这样我回到家时才能看到结果,而且它们应该是被完成,所以应用过去完成时的被动语态。
7.(2018北京东城一模,7)The snowstorm 　　    (predict)several days before it hit the northern ar-eas.
答案　had been predicted　句意:这场暴风雪在袭击北部地区的几天前就已经被预测出来了。本题考查动词的时态和语态。暴风雪和预测之间是被动关系,“预测”发生在“袭击”之前,hit为一般过去时,predict则用过去完成时的被动语态。
8.(2017北京丰台一模,30)The delivery of the goods 　　     (put) off because of the heavy snow-storm.
答案　was put　句意:货物运送因为大暴风雪而延期了。本题考查动词的时态和语态。主语delivery与put off之间是被动关系,题干描述的是曾经发生过的事情,空格处应用一般过去时的被动语态。
9.(2017北京海淀二模,25)The plan for Xiong'an New Area 　　     (announce)officially on April 1, 2017.
答案　was announced　句意:雄安新区的计划于2017年4月1日被正式宣布。本题考查动词的时态和语态。主语plan与announce之间为被动关系,题干中的时间提示动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时的被动语态。
10.(2017北京海淀第一学期期中,27)Different types of tea 　　    (taste)by skilled tea-tasters be-fore appearing in the Tea Trade Centre.
答案　are tasted　句意:在出现在茶叶交易中心之前,不同类型的茶会被熟练的品茶师品尝。本题考查动词的时态和语态。主语different types of tea和谓语动词taste之间为被动关系,根据语境可知,茶被品茶师品尝应该是常规行为,每次都会按照这个程序去做,所以用一般现在时的被动语态。
考点三　情态动词和虚拟语气
1.(2019北京海淀第一学期期中,32)Kelly failed Mr. Brown's literature course. She 　　    have handed in the report earlier.
答案　should　句意:凯莉没有通过布朗先生的文学课,她本应该早点儿交报告的。本题考查情态动词。根据句意可知,此处表示“应该做”,所以应用should have done结构。
2.(2019北京海淀第一学期期中,35)If they 　　    (lose)the game to the visiting team yesterday, their coach would have been fired.
答案　had lost　句意:如果他们昨天输给了客队,那么他们的教练就已经被解雇了。本题考查虚拟语气。If引导的条件状语从句表示与过去事实相反的假设,故用had done。
3.(2018北京西城一模,15)—What a shame! We misunderstood each other for such a long time.—Yes, I wish I　　    (communicate)with you earlier.
答案　had communicated　句意:——真是太遗憾了!我们误会彼此那么长时间。——是啊,我真希望能早些和你沟通。本题考查虚拟语气。wish引导宾语从句,此处表示对过去的情况的虚拟,从句中的谓语动词应为had done形式。
4.(2018北京朝阳第一学期期中,13)If we 　　    (take)another road, we wouldn't have been stuck in the traffic jam for so long.
答案　had taken　句意:如果我们之前选了另一条路,我们就不会堵在路上这么久。本题考查虚拟语气。根据后半句的wouldn't have been stuck可知是对过去的事情的虚拟,故if从句中应用had done的形式。
5.(2018北京海淀第一学期期中,35)—I am so nervous. I have a feeling that I am gonna be embar-rassed in the interview.—If I were you, I 　　    (prepare)for it last night instead of watching movies.
答案　would have prepared　句意:——我太紧张了,我感觉我要在面试中出丑了。——如果我是你,我会在昨天晚上准备面试,而不是看电影。本题考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的last night可知主句是对过去事情的虚拟,故用would have done的形式。
6.(2017北京海淀第一学期期末,35)If there were no cellphones, life 　　    (be)quite different be-cause we depend too much on them.
答案　would be　句意:如果没有手机,生活将会变得很不同,因为我们太过依赖手机了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知,此处是对现在的虚拟,与现在事实相反,所以用would do的形式。
7.(2017北京朝阳一模,35)—Did you enjoy your trip?—Yes. But for your advice, we 　　    (enjoy)our stay in London as much.
答案　wouldn't have enjoyed　句意:——你们的旅途是否愉快?——是的,要不是有你的建议,我们就不会在伦敦玩得那么尽兴了。本题考查虚拟语气。题干中的But for your advice为含蓄条件。根据句意可知旅行是过去发生的事情,因此此处是对过去发生的事的虚拟,故空格处应为would have done的形式。
B组  2017—2019年高考模拟·专题综合题组
1.(2019北京海淀第一学期期中,29)Mrs. White was very excited to know that her son 　　    (of-fer)a position in that big company.
答案　had been offered　句意:怀特太太得知她的儿子被那家大公司录用后兴奋不已。本题考查动词的时态和语态。因为是“被给予职位”,所以语态是被动语态;主句用的是一般过去时,从句的动作发生在主句之前,所以从句使用过去完成时。所以空格处应用过去完成时的被动语态。
2.(2019河北唐山一模,61)As we all know, eye contact is a natural part of most casual conversa-tion, which 　　     (be) not always so exciting but always important.
答案　is　句意:众所周知,目光接触是大多数闲谈中的一个正常部分,这并不怎么让人兴奋,却非常重要。本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由前面的is可知用一般现在时,此处which指eye contact,谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填is。
3.(2019湖北八市三月联考,64)Up to now, more than 110 countries and international organiza-tions, as well as over 120 non-official exhibitors, 　　     (confirm) participation.
答案　have confirmed　句意:到现在为止,110多个国家和国际组织,以及120多个非官方参展商已经确定要参加了。本题考查动词的时态。由up to now可知该句时态用现在完成时,故填写have confirmed。
4.(2019湖北七市联考,63)In the past month, the newly-opened restaurant at 818, 60th St. Brook-lyn, 　　     (receive) an order every two minutes during busy hours.
答案　has received　句意:在过去的一个月里,布鲁克林第60大街818号新开的餐厅在繁忙时段每两分钟就接到一个订单了。本题考查动词的时态,从时间状语In the past month可知本句时态应为现在完成时。
5.(2019福建厦门第一次质检, 64)Only 3,000 people 　　     (allow) in on that day: 500 people who booked their tickets online, and 2,500 invited guests including model workers, officers, sol-diers and ambassadors.
答案　were allowed　句意:当天只有3,000人被允许进入,其中500人在网上预订的票,另外2,500名被邀请的客人包括模范工人、军官、士兵和大使。本题考查动词的时态和语态。时间状语是过去的某一天,因此用一般过去时,人们是被允许进入,因此用被动语态,故填were al-lowed。
6.(2018北京西城一模,2)Rosa 　　    (use)this washing machine for more than ten years. She is thinking about buying a new one.
答案　has been using/has used　句意:Rosa已经使用这台洗衣机十多年了,她正考虑买台新的。本题考查动词的时态。根据句意可知,现在这台洗衣机已经被使用了十多年,所以用现在完成时。此外,我们也可以理解为洗衣机在这十多年里一直被使用,而且可能继续被使用,所以也可以用现在完成进行时。
7.(2018北京海淀一模,3)A report on food safety in Beijing 　　    (publish)on January 15th 2018 and it has received positive reviews.
答案　was published　句意:一则关于北京食品安全的报告在2018年1月15日发布并受到好评。本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语可知“发布”这一动作发生在过去,且报告是被发布,所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。
8.(2018北京西城二模,14)If it had not been for the kind guide, we 　　    (lose)our way in the mountains.
答案　would have lost　句意:要不是这位好心的向导,我们就在山里迷路了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据If引导的从句中的谓语动词had not been可知,此处是对过去发生的情况的虚拟,因此主句中谓语动词部分形式为would have done。
9.(2018北京朝阳二模,1)Come here, Mary. If you stand at this angle, you　　    just see the sun-set.
答案　can　句意:Mary,来这边。如果你站在这个角度,就正好可以看到日落。本题考查情态动词的基本用法。根据句意可知,空格处表示“能够,可以”,故用can。
10.(2018北京西城一模,8)Usually Beijing Roast Duck 　　    (serve)together with special pan-cakes, green onions and sweet sauce.
答案　is served　句意:北京烤鸭一般都是和特制的薄饼、大葱还有甜面酱一起端上来的。本题考查动词的时态和语态。Usually提示我们应用一般现在时,表示通常情况。句中主语是Beijing Roast Duck,与谓语动词serve为被动关系,应用被动语态,故填is served。
11.(2017北京海淀一模,27)Chinese poetry 　　    (become)the focus of attention in February, 2017 due to the hit TV show Chinese Poetry Conference.
答案　became　句意:因为一档备受欢迎的电视节目《中国诗词大会》,中国的诗歌在2017年2月成了关注焦点。本题考查动词的时态。题干中的时间为2017年2月,提示动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。
12.(2017北京西城一模,35)What a sunny day! How I wish I 　　    (be)on the beach enjoying the sunshine now!
答案　were　句意:今天天气真好!我多希望现在躺在沙滩上享受阳光啊!本题考查虚拟语气。根据题干可知,wish后的宾语从句是对现在的虚拟,从句中谓语动词用一般过去时,be动词用were。
13.(2017北京西城一模,29)There are so many special offers and bargains during the Spring Festi-val that you　　    surely get what you want for much less money.
答案　can　句意:春节期间有非常多的特惠和便宜商品,你必定可以用少得多的钱买到你想要的东西。本题考查情态动词。根据句意可知,空格处表示“可以、能够”,应用can来表达。
14.(2017北京西城一模,30)—Is there a room available for tonight?—Sorry, sir, but all the rooms 　　    (book).
答案　have been booked　句意:——今晚还有空房吗?——抱歉,先生,所有的房间都已经被预订了。本题考查动词的时态和语态。房间与预订之间为被动关系,而且语境表达的是过去的动作对现在的影响,故用现在完成时的被动语态。
15.(2017北京海淀二模,34)Without our team's great effort, the art exhibition last week 　　    (be)such a great success.
答案　wouldn't have been　句意:要是没有全队的努力付出,上周的艺术展就不会取得如此大的成功。本题考查虚拟语气。由题干中的Without...effort可知,本句为含蓄条件句,由句中的last week可知Without...effort是对过去发生的事进行虚拟,谓语动词的结构应该是would have done;又根据句意可知,此处表示“不会取得”,故填wouldn't have been。
C组  2017—2019年高考模拟·应用创新题组Passage 1 The China Shanghai International Arts Festival (CSIAF) and the Edinburgh International Festival (EIF) 　1     (sign) a contract for a new dance production created by the famous dancer, Yang Lip-ing on April 12, 2018 in Shanghai.Yang's new production Rite of Spring will premiere (首次公演) at the 20th CSIAF in October, and it 　2     (perform) at the EIF in August, 2019.“The same belief in the value of cultural exchanges 　3     (share) by the two festivals. We hope that this is just the beginning of a long and fruitful partnership,” said Joanna Baker, managing di-rector of the EIF.
The EIF 　4     (celebrate) its 70th anniversary in 2017.The EIF is one of the most important art celebrations in the world, which builds a platform for performers from more than 30 countries ev-ery year. Chinese musicians such as pianists Lang Lang and Yuja Wang as well as singer Shen Yang 　5    (participate) in it before. The CSIAF has been promoting new works from artists for years, and apart from Yang's Rite of Spring, a number of other productions have been at the global level successfully.As one of the officials of the Scottish government 　6     (say), in 2018 the Edinburgh International Festival program will continue to promote international partnerships, developing Scotland's repu-tation as the world-leading festival's capital.
答案    [语篇解读]　本文为说明文,介绍了中国上海国际艺术节和爱丁堡国际艺术节的相关情况。1.signed　考查动词的时态。中国上海国际艺术节和爱丁堡国际艺术节于2018年4月12日在上海签订了一份合约,该合约涉及由中国著名的舞蹈家杨丽萍编导的舞蹈节目《春之祭》,提到的时间点是过去的时间,因此用一般过去时。2.will be performed　考查动词的时态和语态。杨丽萍的《春之祭》将于2019年8月在爱丁堡国际艺术节上演。时间点是将来的时间,因此用一般将来时。又因节目是被表演,故用被动语态。3.is shared　考查动词的时态和语态。这两个(艺术)节对文化交流的价值有着相同信念。所给词share与其主语the same belief为被动关系,因此用被动语态,且本句讲的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,因此填is shared。4.celebrated　考查动词的时态。本句给出时间点是2017年,为过去的时间,故用一般过去时。5.have participated　考查动词的时态。根据语境及时间状语before可知,应用现在完成时态。6.said　考查动词的时态。根据时间状语in 2018可知,“say”这一动作发生在过去,因此用一般过去时,故填said。
Passage 2 “Lu Yonggen, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 　1     (donate) all his sav-ings of about 8.8 million yuan (about 1.34 million dollars) to educational courses,” the Xinhua News Agency reported.The 87-year-old scientist suffering from cancer said his achievements 　2     (be) possible without the Communist Party of China, and that he was willing to make his last contribution to the country. In March, Lu and his wife 　3     (spend) one hour and a half transferring all the money saved in more than 10 bank accounts to South China Agricultural University to establish an educational fund to sponsor poverty-stricken students and talented young teachers. Lu worked as President of the former South China Agricultural College, which is now South China Agricultural University. Under his leadership, the university 　4     (give) priority to research and development, sometimes at Lu's own expense. Lu himself also works hard in his field of rice genetics, climbing mountains in 2001 at the age of 70 to find wild rice. During the past five years, Lu's team 　5     (breed) 33 new varieties of rice seeds that 　6     (grow) on 600,000 hectares of land. Although he is a renowned scientist, Lu lived a simple and humble life, using broken furniture dat-ing back to the 1980s in his home.
答案    [语篇解读]　本文为记叙文,介绍了著名科学家卢永根捐出自己一生的积蓄设立教育基金来帮助贫困学生和有才华的年轻教师的感人事迹,并简要介绍了他的贡献及个人生活。1.donated    考查动词的时态。根据后文the Xinhua News Agency reported可知卢永根捐款这一动作发生在过去,因此用一般过去时。2.wouldn't have been　考查虚拟语气。without...为含蓄条件句,由said可知,此处是与过去事实相反的假设,表示不可能实现,故填wouldn't have been。3.spent　考查动词的时态。根据语境可知动作发生在过去,spend过去式为不规则变化,因此填spent。4.gave　考查动词的时态。句意:在他的领导下,大学以研究和发展为主,有时卢永根会自费研究。根据上文可知这里指的是卢永根过去在华南农业大学当校长时发生的事,因此用一般过去时。5.has bred　考查动词的时态。根据时间状语During the past five years可知本句用现在完成时,因此设空处填has bred。6.are grown　考查动词的时态和语态。句意:过去的5年里,卢永根的团队培育了33种新的水稻种子,这些种子被种植到了60万公顷土地上。此处指种子现在的状况,应用一般现在时,种子是被种植的,因此用被动语态。
考点一　动词的时态和主谓一致
历年高考试题汇编
1.(2019江苏,22)The musician along with his band members　　    (give)ten performances in the last three months.
答案　has given　句意:在过去的三个月里,这位音乐家和他的乐队成员们已经进行了十场演出。along with连接两个并列结构作主语时,谓语动词与前面的主语(The musician)保持一致;根据时间状语in the last three months,可知谓语动词应该用现在完成时,故填has given。
2.(2019江苏,29)A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith　　    (fall) in love with the people and culture there.
答案　fell　句意:史密斯先生到中国几个月后,就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。根据时间状语A few months after he had arrived in China,可知谓语动词应该为一般过去时。
3.(2019天津,2)I 　　    (hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn't manage it.
答案　had hoped　句意:我本希望送给彼得一个礼物祝贺他结婚了,但我没能做到。hope所表示的动作发生在couldn't manage之前,属于过去的过去,应用过去完成时。
4.(2018北京,1)—Hi, I'm Peter. Are you new here?I haven't seen you around.—Hello, Peter. I'm Bob. I just　　    (start) on Monday.
答案　started　句意:——嗨,我是Peter,你是新来的吗?我在附近没见过你。——你好,Peter,我是Bob,我是周一刚来的。本题考查动词的时态。根据Peter所说的话可知现在Bob已经在这里了, Bob针对Peter的提问解释他是周一来的,所以设空处用一般过去时。
5.(2018北京,4)Susan had quit her well-paid job and　　    (work) as a volunteer in the neighbor-hood when I visited her last year.
答案　was working　句意:我去年去看望Susan的时候,她已经辞去了高薪工作,正在社区做志愿者。本题考查动词的时态。从题干when引导的时间状语从句可知整句话描述的都是过去发生的事情,看望Susan的时候她正从事志愿者服务工作,应用过去进行时表示。
6.(2018北京,7)China's high-speed railways　　    (grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.
答案　have grown　句意:在过去的几年里,中国的高铁已经从9,000千米发展到了25,000千米。本题考查动词的时态。根据题干中的时间状语in the past few years可知,句中谓语动词的时态用现在完成时。
7.(2018江苏,31)Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we　　    (de-velop) more convenient electronic communication tools by then.
答案　will have developed　句意:在2025年我们有望不再互相发电子邮件了,因为到那时我们就已经开发出更便捷的电子交流工具了。根据时间状语by then(相当于by 2025)可知,设空处需用将来完成时。
8.(2017北京,24)—　　     (do)you call that company to see how they think of our product yester-day?—Yes. They are happy with it.
答案　Did　句意:——你昨天给那家公司打电话了解他们对我们的产品的看法了吗?——打了,他们很满意。根据时间状语yesterday可知,谓语动词要用一般过去时,所以要用助动词do的过去式did。
9.(2017北京,33)People 　　     (have) better access to health care than they used to, and they're living longer as a result.
答案　have　句意:相比以前,人们(现在)能得到更好的医疗服务,因此他们的寿命更长一些。本题考查动词的时态。根据题干中的than they used to可知,这是在比较过去和现在的医疗状况,所以设空处应用一般现在时。
10.(2017天津,8)I 　　    (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
答案　was driving　句意:我正在开车前往伦敦的路上,就在那时我突然发现走错路了。根据句意可知此处是be doing...when...句型,表示“正在做……这/那时……”。根据语境可知用过去进行时。
11.(2017江苏,24)The publication of Great Expectations, which 　　     (be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens' status as a leading novelist.
答案　was　句意:《远大前程》这本书被广泛地评价和高度地赞扬,它的出版巩固了狄更斯作为最杰出的小说家的地位。本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据题干可以确定,which引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Great Expectations,是一本书的名字,因此定语从句中的be动词应是单数形式。根据题干中的strengthened可知语境为过去的时间,因此设空处的时态为一般过去时,故填was。
12.(2017江苏,31) He's been informed that he　　    (do)not qualify for the scholarship because of his academic background.
答案　does　句意:他被告知由于他的学术背景,他没有资格获得奖学金。本题考查动词的时态。根据语境可知,宾语从句中所陈述的是现在的情况,故用一般现在时态。
13.(2016北京,21)Jack 　　    (work)in the lab when the power cut occurred.
答案　was working　句意:杰克正在实验室工作这时停电了。本题考查“be doing sth. when...”句型。根据题干中的occurred(一般过去时)可知,设空处用过去进行时。
14.(2016北京,23)—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?—The new Star Wars. We 　　    (wait)here for more than two hours.
答案　have been waiting　句意:——打扰了,你们在等哪部电影?——新拍的《星球大战》。我们已经在这儿等了两个多小时了。本题考查动词的时态。设空处表示该动作从两个多小时前一直持续到说话时,而且还在进行,因此用现在完成进行时。
15.(2016北京,25)I 　　    (read)half of the English novel, and I'll try to finish it at the weekend.
答案　have read　句意:这本英文小说我已经读了一半了,我将尽力在周末把它读完。根据句意可知,动作read发生在过去,对现在产生了影响,故用现在完成时。
16.(2016江苏,29)Dashan, who 　　    (learn)crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.
答案　has been learning　句意:大山学习中国传统喜剧形式——相声已经几十年了,他想把它与西方的单口喜剧传统结合起来。根据句意以及for decades可知,学习这一动作从过去一直延续到了现在,并且现在还在进行,故用现在完成进行时;主语Dashan为第三人称单数,故答案为has been learning。
17.(2016浙江,9)Silk 　　    (become)one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.
答案　had become　句意:到大约公元前100年丝绸已成为沿丝绸之路交易的主要货物之一。根据句中的时间状语by about 100 BC可知“become”动作发生在“过去的过去”,故用过去完成时。
18.(2016天津, 3)When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I 　　    (see)for years.
答案　hadn't seen　句意:在大街上走的时候,我遇到了戴维,我有好多年没见到他了。本题考查动词的时态。根据题干可知,“没有见到”发生在“came across”之前,表示过去的过去,应用过去完成时。
19.(2015北京,26)In the last few years,China 　　    (make)great achievements in environmental protection.
答案　has made　句意:在过去的几年里,中国在环境保护方面已经取得了巨大的成就。根据时间状语In the last few years可知用现在完成时。
20.(2015北京,27)—Did you have difficulty finding Ann's house?—Not really.She 　　    (give)us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.
答案　had given　句意:——你们找到Ann的家有困难吗?——没什么困难。她已经清楚地告诉我们怎么走了,我们很容易就找到她家了。动词give表示的动作发生在“were able to find”之前,表示“过去的过去”,故用过去完成时。
21.(2015北京,30)—Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.—All right.I 　　    (call)him later.
答案　will call　句意:——杰克逊博士现在不在办公室。——好的。我稍后给他打电话。本句表示“临时决定”,故用 “will+动词原形”。
22.(2015江苏,30)The real reason why prices 　　    (be),and still are,too high is complex,and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.
答案　were　句意:物价过去是,现在仍然是那么高的真正原因是复杂的,短短的讨论不可能对此问题作出令人满意的解释。根据题目中 “and still are(现在仍然是)”可知过去也是一样的情形,故用were。
23.(2015安徽,24)Just as I got to the school gate,I realized I 　　    (leave)my book in the cafe.
答案　had left　句意:就在我到达校门口的时候,我才意识到我把书落在咖啡馆里了。根据语境可知leave的动作发生在realized之前,所以用过去完成时态。
24.(2015福建,30)—Where is Peter?I can't find him anywhere.—He went to the library after breakfast and 　　    (write)his essay there ever since.
答案　has been writing　句意:——彼得在哪里?我到处都找不到他。——他吃过早饭后去了图书馆,从那时起一直在那里写文章。根据时间状语ever since可知设空处表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在且还在进行,故用现在完成进行时。
25.(2015湖南,22)As you go through this book,you 　　    (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.
答案　will find　句意:当你读这本书时,你就会发现数百万从第二次世界大战中活过来的人中,每个人都有着不同的经历。本句中as引导的时间状语从句用了一般现在时表示将来,故主句需用一般将来时。
26.(2015湖南,25)I wasn't able to hide my eagerness when I 　　    (ask),“What do you wish me to do now?”
答案　asked　句意:当我问:“你现在想要我做什么?”的时候,我掩饰不住内心的渴望之情。根据题干中wasn't可知此处为一般过去时态。
27.(2015湖南,28)He must have sensed that I 　　    (look) at him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly,“Why are you staring at me like that?”
答案　was looking　句意:他一定是感觉到了我在看他。他突然瞥了我一眼,然后轻声说道:“为什么你那样盯着我?”根据语境可知此处为过去进行时态。
28.(2015陕西,22)Marty 　　    (work)really hard on his book and he thinks he'll have finished it by Friday.
答案　has been working/is working　句意:Marty在他的这本书上确实很用功,他觉得周五前就可以完成了。根据语境可知设空处用现在完成进行时或现在进行时。
29.(2015重庆,1)—Is Peter coming?—No,he 　　    (change)his mind after a phone call at the last minute.
答案　changed　句意:——彼得要来吗?——不来了。在最后时刻接了一个电话后他改变了主意。考查动词时态。根据语境可知“改变主意”应该发生在对话前的某一时间,即在过去的某一时间,故用一般过去时。
30.(2015湖南,27)It is important to remember that success 　　    (be) a sum of small efforts made each day and often 　　    (take)years to achieve.
答案　is;takes　句意:记住这一点很重要:成功是每天所付出的一点一滴的努力的积累,经常需要很多年才能获得。根据each day和often可知,两空处应用一般现在时;根据句子结构可知,第一空和第二空共用主语success,它是不可数名词,故谓语动词用单数形式。
31.(2014北京,31)—What time is it?—I have no idea.But just a minute,I　　    (check) it for you.
答案　will check　句意:——现在几点了?——我不知道,不过等一下,我帮你看看。根据句意可知答话者此刻也不知道几点,因此“我帮你看看”是接下来要发生的动作,故使用一般将来时。
32.(2014北京,32)I found the lecture hard to follow because it　　    (start)when I arrived.
答案　had started　句意:我发现我很难明白讲座的内容,因为当我到的时候它已经开始了。题干中的语境为过去时,根据句意可知空格处发生的动作先于arrived,故使用过去完成时。
33.(2014重庆,8)James has just arrived,but I didn't know he　　    (come)until yesterday.
答案　was coming/would come　句意:詹姆斯刚到,但是直到昨天我才知道他会来。主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,从句的时态应用过去的某种时态,根据句意可知该空表示过去将要发生的动作,所以要用过去将来时。
34.(2014福建,23)—Haven't seen you for ages! Where have you been?—I went to Ningxia and　　    (stay) there for one year,teaching as a volunteer.
答案　stayed　句意:——好久没见到你了!你去哪儿了?——我去宁夏支教了一年。答句由and连接两个并列的谓语动词,根据went及句意可知,此处表示的动作发生在过去,“待”这个动作与went这个动作几乎同时发生,故用一般过去时态。
35.(2014安徽,23)The twins,who　　    (finish)their homework,were allowed to play badminton in the playground.
答案　had finished　句意:这对双胞胎已经完成家庭作业了,他们被允许在操场上打羽毛球。根据题干可知“被允许在操场上打羽毛球”这个动作发生在过去,而“完成家庭作业”这个动作发生在“被允许在操场上打羽毛球”这个动作之前,是“过去的过去”,故用过去完成时。
36.(2014陕西,22)During his stay in Xi'an,Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends　　    (recommend).
答案　had recommended　句意:Jerry在西安逗留期间,他几乎尝遍了朋友推荐的所有的当地食物。由tried可知,定语从句要用相应的过去时态;“他的朋友推荐”这个动作发生在tried这个动作之前,即“过去的过去”,故用过去完成时。
37.(2014湖南,28)Since the time humankind started gardening,we　　    (try)to make our envi-ronment more beautiful.
答案　have been trying　句意:自从人类开始从事园艺工作以来,我们就一直在努力使我们的环境更美。根据Since the time humankind started gardening以及try to make our environment more beautiful这一动作现在还在进行可知,设空处需用现在完成进行时。
38.(2014四川,9)She　　    (phone)someone,so I nodded to her and went away.
答案　was phoning　句意:她当时正在给某人打电话,所以我对她点点头走开了。根据句意可知该空表示过去某一时间正在发生的动作,所以要用过去进行时。
40.(2014湖南,32)All we need　　    (be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.
答案　is　句意:我们所需要的就是一小片土地,我们可以在一年中播种的季节里在那儿种植各类果树。根据题干可知all指代的是a small piece of land,所以谓语动词要用单数形式,整句话的语境为一般现在时,故填is。
39.(2014江西,24)—Tony,why are your eyes red?—I　　    (cut) up peppers for the last five minutes.
答案　have been cutting　句意:——托尼,为什么你的眼睛红了?——过去的五分钟里我一直都在剁辣椒。根据本题中的 for the last five minutes 可以判断动作从过去开始,持续到现在,并且可能现在还在进行,故用现在完成进行时。
考点二　动词的语态
1.(2019江苏,33)They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals　　    (install) by 2022 for the Bei-jing Winter Olympics.
答案　will have been installed　句意:他们正在努力确保到2022年时为北京冬奥会安装5G信号终端。根据时间状语by 2022可知谓语动词应该用将来完成时,5G terminals与install之间为被动关系,故用被动语态。
2.(2019天津,8)Amy, as well as her brothers, 　　    (give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.
答案　was given　句意:上周埃米和她的哥哥们回到村庄时,受到了热烈的欢迎。根据句中时间状语last week可知,此处需用一般过去时;当主语后面出现as well as, with, together with, a-long with, instead of, rather than等词语时句子的谓语动词的数与主语保持一致。本句的主语为Amy且与动词give构成被动关系,故答案为was given。
3.(2018北京,9)A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who　　    (trap) in the moun-tains for two days.
答案　had been trapped　句意:一位救援人员冒着生命危险营救了两名已经在山中被困两天的游客。根据句中主句的谓语动词risked可知事情发生在过去,而“被困”发生在risked之前,故用过去完成时。定语从句的先行词是two tourists,与从句的谓语动词trap之间是被动关系,因此设空处应用过去完成时的被动语态。
4.(2018天津,13)My washing machine　　    (repair)this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
答案　is being repaired　句意:本周我的洗衣机正在维修中,因此我不得不用手洗我的衣服。根据后面“用手洗我的衣服”可知这里表示“洗衣机正在维修中”,故用现在进行时;My washing machine与repair为被动关系,需用被动语态。因此,设空处需用现在进行时的被动语态。
5.(2018江苏,30)I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan　　    (carry) out in the past two years.
答案　had been carried　句意:上个月我被派到这个村子来检查那个发展计划在过去的两年中的实施情况。考查动词的时态和语态。设空处表示的动作应该发生在主句谓语动词was sent之前,属于“过去的过去”,且表示被动,所以要用过去完成时的被动语态。
6.(2017北京,29)In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones 　　     (invent) yet.
答案　hadn't been invented　句意:在20世纪50年代的美国,大多数家庭家中只有一部电话,而且无线电话还没有被发明出来。设空处是句子的谓语动词,与主语之间是被动关系,且动作发生在过去的过去,故要用过去完成时的被动语态。
7.(2017天津,6)Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, 　　    (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
答案　is regarded　句意:现如今,与慢跑和游泳一起,骑自行车运动被视为最好的、全面的运动形式之一。设空处是句子的谓语动词,与主语之间是被动关系。句子的主语是cycling, 谓语动词要用单数。根据时间状语Nowadays可知时态为一般现在时。
8.(2017江苏,27)He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he 　　     (follow).
答案　was being followed　句意:他匆忙往家赶,从未回头看看是否有人跟着他。本题考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。根据句意可知,设空处需用被动语态,且表示当时正在被跟踪,从句中主语为he,故填was being followed。
9.(2016北京,30)The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts 　　    (reward)with success in the end.
答案　will be rewarded　句意:学生们一直都很努力学习功课,最终回报他们努力的将是成功。根据语境可知设空处需用一般将来时;their efforts与reward之间为被动关系,故用被动语态。综上所述,答案应为一般将来时的被动语态。
10.(2016江苏,22)More efforts, as reported, 　　    (make)in the years ahead to accelerate the sup-ply-side structural reform.
答案　will be made　句意:据报道,为了加速供给侧结构性改革,在今后几年将做出更大的努力。根据in the years ahead并结合句意可知,动作发生在将来,故用一般将来时;主语More ef-forts与make为被动关系,故用被动语态。综上所述,答案为will be made。
11.(2015北京,22)—Did you enjoy the party?—Yes.We 　　    (treat)well by our hosts.
答案　were treated　句意:——你们在聚会上玩得愉快吗?——是的,我们被主人们招待得很好。本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据对话内容可知所谈事情发生在过去,且主语We与动词treat之间为被动关系,故用一般过去时态的被动语态。
12.(2015天津,9)Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement 　　    (reach)so far by the two sides.
答案　has been reached　句意:尽管之前进行了多轮谈判,但到目前为止双方没有取得一致意见。考查动词的时态和语态。根据题干中的时间状语so far可知此处应该用现在完成时,而a-greement与谓语动词之间为被动关系,所以要用现在完成时的被动语态。
13.(2015安徽,29)It is reported that a space station 　　    (build) on the moon in years to come.
答案　will be built　句意:据报道,一个太空站在未来几年将会在月球上被建立。本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境中的时间状语in years to come及space station和build之间为被动关系可知这里用一般将来时态的被动语态。
14.(2015福建,26)To my delight, I　　    (choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the open-ing ceremony.
答案　was chosen　句意:使我高兴的是,在数以百计的申请者中,我被选出来参加开幕式。本题考查时态和语态。主语I与choose为被动关系,设空处需用被动语态;由语境可知事情发生在过去,应用一般过去时,故填was chosen。
16.(2014大纲全国,22)Unless some extra money　　    (find),the theatre will close.
答案　is found　句意:除非找到一些额外资金,否则这家剧院就得关门。由主句中的will可知unless引导的从句应用一般现在时态表将来,且money和find之间是被动关系,故答案为is found。
15.(2015四川,4)More expressways 　　    (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.
答案　will be built　句意:四川很快会建更多的高速公路来促进当地经济的发展。根据题干中的soon可知设空处用一般将来时;expressways与build为被动关系,故用一般将来时的被动语态。
考点三　情态动词和虚拟语气
1.(2019江苏,31)What a pity!You missed the sightseeing, or we　　    (have)a good time together.
答案　would have had　句意:真遗憾啊!你错过了这次游览,否则我们就可以一起度过一段愉快的时光了。根据语境可知,并列连词or在句中意为“否则,要不然”,为含蓄条件的一种表达方式,后面的句子与过去的事实相反,故用“would have done”的形式表达虚拟语气。
2.(2019天津,14)The workers were not better organized, otherwise they 　　    (accomplish) the task in half the time.
答案　would have accomplished　句意:工人们没有被更好地组织起来,否则他们用一半的时间就能完成这项任务。表示对过去的虚拟,需用would have done的形式。
3.(2018北京,12)In today's information age, the loss of data　　    cause serious problems for a company.
答案　can　句意:在当今这个信息时代,对于一个公司来说,数据的丢失会造成严重的后果。本题考查情态动词。根据句意可知,语境要体现的是一种客观的可能性,且cause 为动词原形,因此用can符合语境。
4.(2018北京,13)They might have found a better hotel if they　　    (drive) a few more kilometers.
答案　had driven　句意:如果他们再多行驶几千米,他们或许就会找到一个更好的宾馆了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据题干中主句的谓语might have found可知本句为与过去事实相反的虚拟,因此if引导的从句中谓语动词形式应为had done,故填had driven。
5.(2018天津,10)I can't find my purse. I　　    have left it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.
答案　could/might　句意:我找不到我的钱包了。我可能昨天把它落在超市了,但我不确定。本题考查情态动词。设空处表示对过去事情的推测,且根据题干中的“I'm not sure”可推知此处表示不确定的推测,故用could/might表示“可能”。
6.(2018天津,15)If we　　    (catch)the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.
答案　had caught　句意:如果昨天我们赶上那趟航班,我们现在就会正在沙滩上享受我们的假期了。本题考查虚拟语气。If从句表示与过去事实相反的假设,其谓语动词需用“had+过去分词”形式。
7.(2018江苏,27)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I　　    (have) a second chance to become more involved.
答案　had　句意:这个村子里的人们有良好的社交生活,我希望自己能再获得一次机会去更多地参与其中。考查虚拟语气。wish后面的宾语从句往往用虚拟语气,此处表达现在的一个愿望,谓语动词要用过去式,故填had。
8.(2017北京,21)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, 　　     easily reach the books on the top shelf.
答案　can　句意:Samuel是我们班里最高的男孩,他可以轻松地够到书架顶层的书。考查情态动词。can意为“可以,能够”,表示能力,符合语境。
9.(2017北京,34)If the new safety system 　　     (put) to use, the accident would never have hap-pened.
答案　had been put　句意:如果新的安全系统被投入使用,这起事故就不会发生了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的主句谓语部分would never have happened可知语境是对过去发生的事进行虚拟,因此if引导的从句谓语部分应为had done。再结合语境,可知用被动语态。
10.(2017天津,2)My room is a mess, but I 　　     clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.
答案　needn't　句意:我的房间很乱,但是在今晚外出之前我不必打扫它,我可以早晨打扫。设空处表示不必,所以用needn't。
11.(2017天津,15)—Do you have Betty's phone number?—Yes. Otherwise, I 　　     (be) able to reach her yesterday.
答案　wouldn't have been　句意:——你有Betty的电话号码吗?——有,否则,昨天我就不能联系到她了。设空处是对过去发生的事进行虚拟,应该用would have done结构,此处要用否定形式。
12.(2017江苏,22)　　     (be) it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
答案　Were　句意:没有老师们的支持,这个学生不可能克服她的困难。本题考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的the student could not overcome可知,语境是对现在事实的虚拟,be动词在虚拟语气中通常用were。当虚拟语气中if引导的条件状语从句省略了if时,应把were提到主语前面。
13.(2016北京,31)I love the weekend, because I 　　     get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.
答案　needn't　句意:我爱周末,因为我不必在周六和周日早起。needn't表示不必。
14.(2016北京,34)Why didn't you tell me about your trouble last week? If you 　　    (tell)me, I could have helped.
答案　had told　句意:你上周为什么不告诉我你遇到的麻烦?如果你告诉我,我本可以帮你的。本题考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的could have helped和last week可知设空处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,故答案为had told。
15.(2016天津,5)It was really annoying; I 　　    get access to the data bank you had recommend-ed.
答案　couldn't　句意:真令人恼火。我不能进入你推荐的数据库。根据It was really annoying可知应用couldn't。
16.(2016天津,15)I was wearing a seat belt. If I hadn't been wearing one, I would 　　    (injure).
答案　have been injured　句意:我那时系着安全带呢。如果我没系安全带的话,我可能就受伤了。根据句意可知设空处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为would+have done。主语I与injure为被动关系,故需用被动语态,故答案为 have been injured。
17.(2016江苏,27)If it 　　    (be)for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.
答案　had not been/hadn't been　句意:如果不是因为那天他的邀请,我现在是不会在这里的。根据句意可知,本句为错综条件句。主句和现在的事实相反,从句和过去的事实相反,故从句谓语动词为过去完成时。
18.(2015北京,34)If I 　　    (see)it with my own eyes,I wouldn't have believed it.
答案　hadn't seen　句意:如果不是我亲眼看到,我是不会相信的。由主句谓语“wouldn't have believed”可知此处为与过去事实相反的假设,故if从句谓语动词应为hadn't seen。
19.(2015北京,29)—Can't you stay a little longer?—It's getting late.I really　　    go now.My daughter is home alone.
答案　must    句意:——难道你不能再多逗留一会儿吗?——时间不早了。我确实得走了。我的女儿独自一人在家。本题考查情态动词。根据上下文可知,答案为must(必须)。
20.(2015江苏,28)It might have saved me some trouble　　    I known the schedule.
答案　had　句意:要是我知道安排的话,我可能会省一些事儿。此处为省略if的虚拟条件从句,had I known the schedule=if I had known the schedule。
21.(2015天津,13)I wish I 　　    (be)at my sister's wedding last Tuesday,but I was on a business trip in New York then.
答案　had been　句意:要是上周二我参加了我姐姐的婚礼就好了,可是那时我正在纽约出差。wish后的宾语从句用过去完成时表示对过去情况的虚拟。
22.(2015安徽,32)It is lucky we booked a room,or we 　　    (have)nowhere to stay now.
答案　would have　句意:很幸运,我们预订了一个房间,否则,我们现在就没有地方可以住了。由句意可知or前面是真实的情况,or后面是与现在事实相反的假设,故设空处用would do形式。
23.(2015陕西,23)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I 　　    (dance)as well as her.
答案　danced　句意:Ellen是一个非常优秀的舞者,我希望我能跳得像她一样好。wish后面的宾语从句用一般过去时表示对现在情况的虚拟。
24.(2015浙江,4)It was so noisy that we 　　    hear ourselves speak.
答案　couldn't　句意:这里如此嘈杂以至于我们无法听到自己说话。根据语境可知此处表达过去的能力,故用couldn't。
25.(2014北京, 27)　　    I have a word with you? It won't take long.
答案　Can　句意:我能和你说句话吗?不会花很长时间的。本题考查情态动词。根据语境可知说话人在征求对方的允许,此时应该用Can I...? 故填写Can。
26.(2014北京, 34)We　　    (be)back in the hotel now if you didn't lose the map.
答案　would be　句意:如果你没有弄丢地图,我们现在就回到宾馆了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的now可知此处表示与现在事实相反的假设,主句谓语动词应为would/should/could/might+动词原形。根据语境可知填would be。
27.(2014湖南,22)If Mr.Dewey　　    (be)present,he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.
答案　had been　句意:如果Dewey先生当时在场的话,他会为那里的人们提供任何可能的帮助。本题考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的would have offered及上下文逻辑可知设空处与过去事实相反,故答案为had been。在虚拟语气中,如果条件从句和主句均与过去事实相反,条件从句谓语动词为:had+过去分词,主句谓语动词为:would/should/could/might+have+过去分词。
28.(2014福建,32)　　    (be)there no modern telecommunications,we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
答案　Were    句意:要是没有现代化的通信工具,我们要等上几周才能获取世界各地的新闻。本题考查虚拟语气。根据主句谓语动词would have to wait可知设空处表示与现在事实相反的假设,if条件从句谓语动词应为“动词的过去式”,即If there were...,在虚拟条件句中可以省略if,把were提到句首。
29.(2014重庆,3)I've ordered some pizza,so we　　    worry about cooking when we get home tired.
答案　needn't　句意:我已经预订了一些比萨饼,所以当我们到家感到累的时候就不必担心做饭的事了。本题考查情态动词。根据句意可知答案为needn't。
30.(2014江苏,31)It was sad to me that they,so poor themselves,　　    bring me food.
答案　should　句意:让我难过的是,他们自己那么贫穷,竟然还给我带来食物。本题考查情态动词。情态动词should可以表示说话人惊讶的语气,意为“竟然”。