2023高一上学期期末英语试题含解析

这是一份2023高一上学期期末英语试题含解析，文件包含吉林省吉林市2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题含解析docx、吉林省吉林市2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共41页， 欢迎下载使用。

吉林市普通高中2022-2023学年度高一年级上学期期末调研测试
英语
注意事项：
1. 本次考试由四部分组成，考试时间120分钟，满分150分。
2. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考生号填写在答题卡指定位置。
3. 请按题号顺序在答题纸上各题目的答题区域内整洁作答，超出区域答题无效。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When will the man arrive at the party?
A. 7:30. B. 8:00. C. 8:30.
2. Why does the woman ask the man to read the form to her?
A. She can’t read or write.
B. She doesn’t wear glasses.
C. She forgets her address.
3. Where is the woman most probably going?
A. To the bank. B. To the shop. C. To her house.
4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Relatives. C. Neighbors.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The man’s hobby. B. The man’s grade. C. The man’s achievement.
第二节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1.5分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Why didn’t the woman answer the cell phone yesterday?
A. She was taking an exam.
B. She didn’t hear it ringing.
C. She didn’t carry it with her.
7. Why does the man call the woman?
A. To ask about her exam.
B. To invite her to dinner.
C. To talk about her sister.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What is the man most probably going to do?
A. Go to buy a bookcase.
B. Put together a bookcase.
C. Learn how to make a car.
9. How much did the man save?
A. $15. B. $40. C. $50.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. What are the speakers doing?
A. Making a plan. B. Packing for a trip. C. Choosing a present.
11. What is the present for Jacques?
A. A bottle of suncream(防晒霜). B. A book on art. C. A swimming suit.
12. Which of the following does the man want to do?
A. Go swimming. B. Stay at home. C. Play basketball.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. When did the man call Jeff?
A. On Monday morning.
B. On Tuesday afternoon.
C On Wednesday night.
14. How did Jeff explain everything?
A. By e-mail. B. On the phone. C. In person.
15. What happened to Jeff?
A. He was sick. B. He was fired. C. He changed his job.
16. How does the woman sound at the end of the dialogue?
A. Excited. B. Surprised. C. Content.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. Why did the speaker go on the tour for free?
A. She won it in a competition.
B. John paid everything for her.
C. She was one of the organizers.
18. Which of the following about the woman is right?
A. She thought highly of the bus to the hotel.
B. She was satisfied with the waiters in the hotel.
C. She went to visit the museum by herself.
19. Which of the following did the speaker like?
A. The food. B. The museum. C. The beach.
20. What did the speaker do in the second week?
A. She rode an elephant.
B. She climbed mountains.
C. She stayed in the hotel.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题2.5分，满分 37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
There have been many earthquakes around the world in recent years, so it is necessary to know some safety tips for earthquakes.
To begin with, remember the Drop, Cover and Hold method (DCH) from the American Red Cross. Drop down to the floor. Take cover under a piece of furniture (家具) and protect your head and neck with your arms. Hold on to the furniture until the ground stops shaking.
Besides, you should learn some tips about how to keep yourself safe in different places when an earthquake happens. If you happen to be having a class at school, standing beside a wall will protect you from falling things. Don’t stand near windows or under lights. When you are in a public area, like in a bookstore, get down beside the stands or go to the corner. Protect your head with your arms or bag. Stay away from big advertising (广告) boards. If you’re in the kitchen at home, move away from the fridge and lights.
What’s more, knowing about the magnitude of an earthquake is also necessary for you to take proper action when an earthquake strikes. The magnitude is from 1 to 10 and the higher the number, the bigger the earthquake. Usually, people can feel an earthquake of magnitude 3 to 4. When an earthquake reaches 5, farm animals feel nervous and the surface of walls cracks. When it reaches 6, houses may fall down and people are likely to get injured.
To know more about earthquake safety, click http:// www. Xuexila. com.
1. How can you protect yourself in an earthquake according to DCH?
A. Climb onto the bed very quickly.
B. Stand still in the middle of the room.
C. Take shelter under a table and hold it.
D. Run out of the room as fast as you can.
2. According to the writer, what should you do when in a bookstore in an earthquake?
A. Stand near windows or under lights. B. Get down beside the stands.
C. Keep away from the crowded people. D. Stay near or under a big board.
3. Which is true about the magnitude of an earthquake?
A. An earthquake of magnitude 1 is very serious.
B. Walls crack in an earthquake of magnitude 3.
C. People can’t feel an earthquake of magnitude 5.
D. An earthquake of magnitude 6 may do great damage.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就地震中应该采取哪些有效措施保护自身安全提出了一些建议。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Drop down to the floor. Take cover under a piece of furniture (家具) and protect your head and neck with your arms. Hold on to the furniture until the ground stops shaking.(趴在地板上。躲在一件家具的下面，用手臂保护头部和颈部。抓住家具，直到地面停止摇晃)”可知，根据DCH，在地震中我们可以通过躲在桌子下面并且抓住它来保护自己。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“When you are in a public area, like in a bookstore, get down beside the stands or go to the corner.(当你在公共场所时，比如在书店里，从书架旁边下来，或者走到角落里)”可知，当地震发生时如果你在在书店，你可以在书架旁边蹲下或走到角落里。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“When it reaches 6, houses may fall down and people are likely to get injured.(当地震达到6级时，房屋可能会倒塌，人们也可能会受伤)”可知，达到六级的地震可能造成巨大破坏。故选D。
B
This year I am living abroad in Germany and trying to learn as much German as possible. But one thing I didn’t realize was how many new words I would face every day. I see and hear new words everywhere: the notices in the train station; menus in restaurants; the local newspaper and of course from my German-speaking friends. New words are all around you when you are in a foreign country.
At first, a lot of German words I didn’t understand gave me a headache. I kept on looking up new words but by the end of the day I had forgotten most of them already. It upset me. A month later, I went to a shop and bought a small notebook. I set myself the goal of writing five new words a day into my little blue notebook. Since then, in my bag, I have always carried an important thing — my little blue word notebook.
I don’t have any rules about which words I write down. Most days I write down words that I learn from my partners at work, or words that I have read. I have also learned the names of many fruits and vegetables from looking at their labels (标签) in the supermarket — a very unexpected way of learning words. And I have learned many words that I have heard on TV or on the radio. If I hear a word that I even don’t know how to spell, I write down how I think it is and look it up later.
My little blue word notebook is now like my closest friend. We are like Batman and Robin; we go everywhere together. Setting the small daily goal has made me feel much more in control of my language learning and I am already seeing an improvement. I will continue to use it for the rest of my stay in Germany and also when I return to university at home in September.
4. What didn’t the writer expect before living in Germany?
A. He would get lost at the train station.
B. There would be so many new words.
C. The restaurants would serve strange food.
D. He would meet people from different countries.
5. Why did the writer buy a small notebook?
A. To write down the words he doesn’t know.
B. To show to others how hard he studies.
C. To keep a diary of what happens to him.
D. To take notes of what is taught in class.
6. What do we know about the writer from the passage?
A. He has some rules about the words written down.
B. He often goes to the supermarket to learn German.
C. He looks up new words as he writes them down.
D. He’ll keep using the word notebook in the future.
7. Which of the following may the writer probably agree with?
A. Rome wasn’t built in a day. B. Facts speak louder than words.
C. It is never too old to learn. D. He that climbs high falls heavily.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为记叙文。作者讲述了自己在德国生活和学习，每天都要面对大量的生词所带来的挑战。于是，作者买了一个小笔记本用来积累所遇到的生词，通过这种方法，在语言学习上已经取得了一定的进步。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“But one thing I didn’t realize was how many new words I would face every day.(但有件我没意识到的事是每天我要面对多少新单词)”可知，作者之前没有意识到的一件事是在德国每天要面对的生词非常多。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第五句“I set myself the goal of writing five new words a day into my little blue notebook.(我在我的蓝色小笔记本上给自己设定了每天写五个新单词的目标)”可知，作者买小笔记本的目的是为了记生词。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句话“I will continue to use it for the rest of my stay in Germany and also when I return to university at home in September.(在德国剩下的日子里我将继续使用它，九月份我返回家那边的大学时也是一样)”可知，作者将来会继续使用单词笔记本，故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者由最初每天被生词包围感到头疼，到买小笔记本有计划地积累生词，从而使得自己对语言学习有了更多的掌控感，也看到了自己的进步，并因此想把这一学习方法继续下去。结合最后一段的“Setting the small daily goal has made me feel much more in control of my language learning and I am already seeing an improvement.(设定一个小小的日常目标让我感觉自己对语言学习的掌控力更强，而且我已经看到了进步)”推知，A项“罗马不是一日建成的”可以体现作者在语言学习中通过不断积累，而取得了进步，应与作者观点一致。故选A项。
C
American English and British English are similar in many ways. For example, most spellings and grammar rules are largely the same. However, the two languages are truly different in speech. Take the accents (口音) of Chris Evans, the star of Captain America, and Rowan Atkinson, who played Mr Bean, as an example of how far the two languages differ in modern times. But have you ever wondered how this change happened?
For that, we have to look at how both dialects began. According to the BBC, British English dates back to 449 AD, when the Saxons and the Angles — tribes (部落) from modern-day Germany and Denmark — entered Britain, replacing the ancient Celtic language.
As Celtic slowly faded, an early form of British English appeared with influences from French and Latin. It later became standard all over the UK following the first complete Modern English translation of the Bible (圣经) in 1535 and the appearance of writers like William Shakespeare. This went on to form British English as we know today.
However, in the USA, Britons’ language, other European languages, and Native American words all formed the basis of US English. New words also appeared. But they soon turned into a tool during the independence movement. In 1789, Noah Webster, a dictionary writer wrote, “As an independent nation, our honor requires us to have a system of our own, in language as well as government.”
After the independence movement, US English kept changing based on neighboring cultures. This can still be seen through state names such as Delaware and Illinois, which were from Native American language, and Colorado and Nevada, which were influenced by Spanish in the 1800s.
These days, Britons and Americans still argue over terminology (术语) and spellings. But their differences form a key part of each nation’s historical culture. Indeed, it shows the truth behind the sentence, “Britain and America are two nations divided by a common language.”
8. Why does the writer mention Chris Evans and Rowan Atkinson in Paragraph 1?
A. To tell us both of them are world-famous actors.
B To show there are differences between the two English.
C. To inform us which kind of English each of them speaks.
D. To compare which English is used more widely now.
9. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Put down. B. Got popular.
C. Died out. D. Made changes.
10. What do we know about US English?
A. It was based on several languages.
B. All its words came from other languages.
C. It led to the US independence movement.
D. Neighboring countries didn’t influence it.
11. Which is the most suitable title for the passage?
A. Discovering the Influence of English Languages
B. Arguing Over the Spellings of English Languages
C. Exploring the Development of English Languages
D. Guessing at the Future of English Languages
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英式英语与美式英语的形成及发展历史，并指出两者之间的关系：英国和美国是两个被同一种语言分裂的国家。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“However, the two languages are truly different in speech. Take the accents (口音) of Chris Evans, the star of Captain America, and Rowan Atkinson, who played Mr Bean, as an example of how far the two languages differ in modern times.(然而，这两种语言在发音上确实不同。以美国队长的主演克里斯·埃文斯和憨豆先生的扮演者罗文·阿特金森的口音为例，说明了这两种语言在现代的差异有多大)”可推知，作者在第一段提到了克里斯·埃文斯和罗温·阿特金森，是为了表明英式英语和美式英语是有差异的。故选B。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“According to the BBC, British English dates back to 449 AD, when the Saxons and the Angles — tribes (部落) from modern-day Germany and Denmark — entered Britain, replacing the ancient Celtic language.(据BBC报道，英式英语可以追溯到公元449年，当时来自今天德国和丹麦的撒克逊人和盎格鲁人进入英国，取代了古老的凯尔特语)”以及划线句子中的后半部分“an early form of British English appeared with influences from French and Latin.(在法语和拉丁语的影响下，早期形式的英式英语出现了，受到法语和拉丁语的影响)”可知，凯尔特语慢慢消失了。由此可知，划线词faded与died out(灭亡、逐渐消失)意思接近。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“However, in the USA, Britons’ language, other European languages, and Native American words all formed the basis of US English.(然而，在美国，英国人的语言、其他欧洲语言和美洲原住民的词汇都构成了美式英语的基础)”可知，多种语言构成了美式英语的基础。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“American English and British English are similar in many ways. For example, most spellings and grammar rules are largely the same. However, the two languages are truly different in speech.(美式英语和英式英语在许多方面相似。例如，大多数拼写和语法规则在很大程度上是相同的。然而，这两种语言在发音上确实不同)”及下文可知，本文以时间为线索，探索了英式英语和美式英语形成及发展的历史，从而产生了两者之间的差异。由此可知，Exploring the Development of English Languages(探究英语语言的发展)适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。
D
It’s been given the title “Asia’s water tower”: Sanjiangyuan, meaning “the source of three rivers”, is an area in Qinghai. It is the source of the Yellow River, Yangtze River and Lancang River.
The three rivers provide water for as many as 600 million people, or almost half the population of China. And yet, because of its weak ecosystem (生态系统) and human activities, the environment in Sanjiangyuan is becoming worse, putting the country’s water source at risk.
This is why China built its very first national park, the Sanjiangyuan National Park, to protect the sources in 2020. The park will also increase the area’s green coverage and become the home of many wildlife species.
Long before the decision to build the park was made, however, volunteers across the country had already started their own effort to protect Sanjiangyuan.
Take Ren Shihai for example, a 38-year-old volunteer from Beijing. Ren is a member of the Shan Shui Conservation Center, focusing on environmental protection in the Sanjiangyuan area. He joined a team of volunteers who taught at the No 2 Middle School in Zaduo county, in Qinghai’s Yushu. He said he got a feeling of happiness when students were very excited when he spoke about the rivers and mountains in Sanjiangyuan and why it was important to protect them.
Zhaxi Bading, a 13-year-old Tibetan student, said he learned something new in Ren’s class. “I know the rivers that run through my hometown but I didn’t know their effects on the environment of the lower reaches,” he said. “I’m proud that my hometown is beautiful, and I want to protect it.”
Now under the protection of our country, hopefully “Asia’s water tower” will still have that name for years to come.
12. What problem is Sanjiangyuan facing now?
A. Less wildlife. B. Worsening environment.
C More visits. D. Not enough water.
13. Why did China build the Sanjiangyuan National Park in 2020?
A. To protect the water sources.
B. To study the wildlife in the area.
C. To enlarge the area of green coverage.
D. To increase the number of wildlife species.
14. How did Ren Shihai protect Sanjiangyuan?
A. By advising the government to build a national park.
B. By keeping the rivers and mountains in the area natural.
C. By collecting enough money to feed its wild animals.
D. By raising local children’s awareness of protecting it.
15. What is the writer’s attitude towards the future of Sanjiangyuan?
A. Unconcerned. B. Doubtful.
C. Positive. D. Worried.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了修建三江源国家公园的背景、目的，以及志愿者为保护三江源地区所付出的努力。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“And yet, because of its weak ecosystem and human activities, the environment in Sanjiangyuan is becoming worse, putting the country’s water source at risk.”（然而，由于其脆弱的生态系统和人类活动，三江源的环境正在恶化，使国家的水资源处于危险之中。）可知，三江源现在面临着日益恶化的环境问题。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“And yet, because of its weak ecosystem and human activities, the environment in Sanjiangyuan is becoming worse, putting the country’s water source at risk.”（然而，由于其脆弱的生态系统和人类活动，三江源的环境正在恶化，使国家的水资源处于危险之中。）以及第三段第一句“This is why China built its very first national park, the Sanjiangyuan National Park, to protect the sources in 2020.”（这就是为什么中国在2020年建立了第一个国家公园——三江源国家公园来保护资源。）可知，中国在2020年建设三江源国家公园是为了保护水源。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段最后一句“He said he got a feeling of happiness when students were very excited when he spoke about the rivers and mountains in Sanjiangyuan and why it was important to protect them.”（他说，当他谈到三江源的河流和山脉以及为什么保护它们很重要时，学生们都很兴奋，他有一种幸福感。）以及第六段的内容“Zhaxi Bading, a 13-year-old Tibetan student, said he learned something new in Ren’s class. “I know the rivers that run through my hometown but I didn’t know their effects on the environment of the lower reaches,” he said. “I’m proud that my hometown is beautiful, and I want to protect it.””（13岁的藏族学生扎西·巴丁(音)说，他在任的课上学到了新东西。“我知道流经我家乡的河流，但我不知道它们对下游环境的影响，”他说。“我为家乡的美丽而自豪，我想要保护它。”）可以推断出，Ren Shihai是通过提高当地孩子对三江源重要性的认识，从而提高他们对三江源加以保护的意识。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Now under the protection of our country, hopefully “Asia’s water tower” will still have that name for years to come.”（现在在我们国家的保护下，希望“亚洲水塔”在未来的岁月里仍然会有这个名字。）可以推断出作者对三江源的未来是充满希望的，即乐观的。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is very important to keep fit and stay healthy. A lot of people fail to believe the good that daily exercise does to health and only begin to do so when they suffer from health problems. ____16____
Regular(经常的)exercise helps you keep in good shape. Maybe, you are one of the many overweight people struggling with problems of body shape, yet you do not want to do anything about that. Sometimes you see very nice clothes, but they don’t fit you because of your body size. ____17____
Doing exercise keeps you thinking quickly at all times. It’s a perfect way of developing the strength of your mind. ____18____ Besides, there is a reason why most athletes are usually happy. The release(释放)of dopamine (多巴胺) when doing exercise changes their feelings for the better. ____19____ Run around the blocks each morning, jog or lift weights and see how much good doing exercise does to your mind.
The good of doing exercise every day is endless, but a lot of people pay no attention to it and finally develop lifestyle-related illnesses later in life. So taking exercise is very important and some of the results of not taking exercise are very serious.
____20____ Having fitness goals that mean something to you will help you keep a strict fitness schedule and achieve the result you want. Besides, using fitness trackers, you can monitor your general physical activity and find out whether you have made progress.
A. Then why is it important to stay fit?
B. How can you drive yourself to exercise?
C. Setting high goals for exercise is very important.
D. Everyone hopes to live a relaxing and comfortable life.
E. So keeping your body active improves the work of your brain.
F. Fitness exercise will help you lose extra fat and be in great shape.
G. Maybe not having enough exercise is the reason for your easy anger.
【答案】16. A 17. F 18. E 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了通过体育锻炼保持健康的重要性及如何让自己开始并坚持锻炼的方法。
【16题详解】
根据前句“A lot of people fail to believe the good that daily exercise does to health and only begin to do so when they suffer from health problems. (很多人不相信每天锻炼对健康有好处，只是在他们出现健康问题时才开始锻炼。)”可知，本句承接上句，提出问题：保持健康为什么很重要？同时该句起到引起下文的作用。所以选择项A“Then why is it important to stay fit?(那么为什么保持健康很重要呢？)”符合上下文语境。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据前文“Maybe, you are one of the many overweight people struggling with problems of body shape, yet you do not want to do anything about that. Sometimes you see very nice clothes, but they don’t fit you because of your body size. (也许，你是众多为体型问题而挣扎的超重人群中的一员，但你却不想为此做任何事情。有时你会看到非常漂亮的衣服，但因为你的体型，它们并不适合你。)”可知，上文提及到很多超重的人都面临着体型的困扰，因此，健身运动可以帮助你减掉多余的脂肪，保持好身材。所以选择项F“Fitness exercise will help you lose extra fat and be in great shape.(健身运动可以帮助你减掉多余的脂肪，保持好身材。)”符合上下文语境。选项中的“lose extra fat and be in a great shape”与本段的主题句及其他句子中的“body shape、because of your body size”相呼应。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据前句“It’s a perfect way of developing the strength of your mind. (这是一种发展心智力量的完美方式。)”可知，运动是一种发展心智力量的完美方式，此处承接上文，进一步说明锻炼对心智的好处，所以选择项E“So keeping your body active improves the work of your brain.(所以保持身体活跃可以提高大脑的工作效率。)”符合上下文语境。选项中的“improves the work of your brain”与前一句的“developing the strength of your mind”相呼应。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Besides, there is a reason why most athletes are usually happy. The release(释放)of dopamine (多巴胺) when doing exercise changes their feelings for the better. (此外，大多数运动员通常都很快乐是有原因的。运动时释放的多巴胺会让他们的感觉变得更好。)”可知，此部分是关于运动与情绪的关系。所以选择项G“Maybe not having enough exercise is the reason for your easy anger.(也许没有足够的锻炼是你容易生气的原因。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【20题详解】
这里为本段落主旨句。根据后文“ Having fitness goals that mean something to you will help you keep a strict fitness schedule and achieve the result you want. Besides, using fitness trackers, you can monitor your general physical activity and find out whether you have made progress.(制定对你有意义的健身目标将有助于你保持严格的健身计划，并达到你想要的结果。此外，使用健身追踪器，你可以监测你的一般身体活动，看看你是否取得了进步。)”可知，制定健身计划及使用健身追踪器，都是激发你运动的方式。所以选择项B “How can you drive yourself to exercise?(你怎样才能激发自己去锻炼呢?)”作为本段主旨句最为合适。故选B。
第三部分：语言运用 (共五节，满分55分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Benjamin Franklin said, “If you want something done, ask a busy person.” That’s how Abreu practices.
During his years at Kellenberg Memorial High School in the US, Abreu made community service an important part of his life. “I don’t know where he finds the ___21___to do everything,” said Abreu’s math teacher.
Abreu took part in different ___22___ activities after school, during weekends and summer holidays. These ___23___ helping in the public library, doing landscape (景观) work at Kellenberg and serving ___24___ at a local restaurant.
“My appreciation for service has guided me into ___25___,” said Abreu. “It’s a feeling of ___26___ to help someone.”
During his years at high school, Abreu ___27___ between 40 and 50 hours of his time each year doing volunteer work — more than double the school’s ___28___ of 20 hours every year. For all his hard work, Abreu was welcomed into a leadership club that ___29___ students’ volunteer activities.
Abreu thanked his parents for ____30____ him to do the right thing, saying, “They are the ____31____ people I know.” He ____32____ when he was about 6 years old, his mother invited several children from poor families nearby to have dinner. Upon ____33____ the children’s happiness, Abreu got an idea of how he wanted to live his own life — “I won’t ____34____ on what I want. I’ll ____35____ as many people as I can,” he said.
21. A. time B. way C. fund D. power
22. A. challenging B. advanced C. voluntary D. official
23. A. included B. demanded C. listed D. accepted
24. A. hosts B. youths C. audiences D. customers
25. A. going out B. falling apart C. checking in D. giving back
26. A. satisfaction B. trust C. curiosity D. safety
27. A. wasted B. spent C. used D. chose
28. A. speed B. training C. requirement D. impression
29. A. stressed B. organized C. applied D. described
30 A. guiding B. forcing C. preferring D. recommending
31. A. luckiest B. kindest C. wisest D. busiest
32. A. protested B. wondered C. imagined D. remembered
33. A. mastering B. investigating C. observing D. exploring
34. A. put B. focus C. depend D. take
35. A. remind B. contact C. arrange D. help
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了一名高中生阿布鲁利用课外时间从事各种各样的志愿者服务工作去帮助别人。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：阿布鲁的数学老师说：“我不知道他在哪里找到时间做每件事。A. time时间；B. way方式；C. fund基金；D. power权利。根据第一段“ask a busy person”可知，阿布鲁的数学老师说：“我不知道他在哪里找到时间做每件事。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：阿布鲁在放学后、周末和暑假期间参加了不同的志愿活动。A. challenging具有挑战性的；B. advanced高级的；C. voluntary志愿的；D. official官方的。根据下文“between 40 and 50 hours of his time each year doing volunteer work”可知，阿布鲁在放学后、周末和暑假期间参加了不同的志愿活动。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中包括在公共图书馆帮忙，在凯伦伯格做景观工作，在当地餐馆为顾客服务。A. included包括；B. demanded要求；C. listed列表；D. accepted接受。根据下文“helping in the public library, doing landscape(景观)work at Kellenberg and serving ___4___ at a local restaurant.”可知，志愿者工作中包括在公共图书馆帮忙，在凯伦伯格做景观工作，在当地餐馆为顾客服务。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中包括在公共图书馆帮忙，在凯伦伯格做景观工作，在当地餐馆为顾客服务。A. hosts主人；B. youths青年；C. audiences观众；D. customers顾客。根据“at a local restaurant”可知，在当地餐馆为顾客服务。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：阿布鲁说：“对别人给与我的服务所带来的感激之情引导我回馈社会。”A. going out出去；B. falling apart破裂；C. checking in登记入住；D. giving back归还，回馈。根据下文“help someone.”以及“between 40 and 50 hours of his time each year doing volunteer work”可知，对别人给与的服务所带来的感激之情引导阿布鲁回馈社会。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：帮助别人是一种满足感。A. satisfaction满意；B. trust信任；C. curiosity好奇；D. safety安全。根据常识可知，帮助别人是一种满足感。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在高中期间，阿布鲁每年花40到50个小时做志愿工作，每年在志愿服务上所花的时间比学校所要求的20个小时多了两倍多。A. wasted浪费；B. spent花费；C. used使用；D. chose选择。根据下文“between 40 and 50 hours of his time”可知，阿布鲁每年花40到50个小时做志愿工作。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在高中期间，阿布鲁每年花40到50个小时做志愿工作，每年在志愿服务上所花的时间比学校所要求的20个小时多了两倍多。A. speed速度；B. training训练；C. requirement要求；D. impression印象。根据上文“more than double the school’s”可知，他在志愿服务上所花的时间比学校所要求的20个小时多了两倍多。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于他的努力，阿布鲁被欢迎加入一个组织学生志愿活动的领导俱乐部。A. stressed强调；B. organized组织；C. applied应用；D. described描述。根据上文“leadership club”以及常识可知，领导俱乐部组织学生志愿活动。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿布鲁感谢父母指导他做正确的事情，他说：“他们是我认识的最善良的人。”A. guiding指导；B. forcing强迫；C. preferring更喜欢；D. recommending推荐。根据“do the right thing”和常识推知，父母引导阿布鲁做正确的事情。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：阿布鲁感谢父母指导他做正确的事情，他说：“他们是我认识的最善良的人。A. luckiest最幸运的；B. kindest最善良的；C. wisest最聪明的；D. busiest最忙的。根据下文“his mother invited several children from poor families nearby to have dinner. ”可知，他的父母是善良的人。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他记得在他大约6岁的时候，他的母亲邀请了附近几个贫困家庭的孩子来吃饭。A .protested抗议；B. wondered想知道；C. imagined想象；D. remembered记得。根据下文“when he was about 6 years old, his mother invited several children from poor families nearby to have dinner.”可知，他记得自己大约6岁时发生的那件事情。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在观察到孩子们的幸福之后，阿布鲁明白了自己想要怎样过自己的生活——“我不会专注于我想要的。我会尽可能多地帮助别人。”A. mastering掌握；B. investigating调查；C. observing观察；D. exploring探索。根据下文“the children’s happiness”可知，在观察到孩子们的幸福之后。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在观察到孩子们的幸福之后，阿布鲁明白了自己想要怎样过自己的生活——“我不会专注于我想要的。我会尽可能多地帮助别人。”A. put放置；B. focus专注；C. depend依靠；D. take拿。根据下文“I won’t ___14___ on what I want.”并结合阿布鲁做志愿者工作的经历可知，他不会专注自己想要的。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在观察到孩子们的幸福之后，阿布鲁明白了自己想要怎样过自己的生活——“我不会专注于我想要的。我会尽可能多地帮助别人。”A. remind提醒；B. contact联系；C. arrange安排；D. help帮助。根据上文“help someone”可知，阿布鲁会尽可能多地帮助别人。故选D项。
第二节 (共10个小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last year, China published (出版) photocopies (影印本) of ancient Tibetan literature taken to France from the famous Mogao Grottoes a century ago.
The Dunhuang manuscripts (手稿) were first discovered in 1900 in the Mogao Grottos, ___36___ UNESCO World Heritage Site in northwest China’s Gansu. There are more than 60,000 of them. ___37___ (date) back to the 4th century, the manuscripts are ___38___ (main) in Chinese, but some are shown in other languages including Tibetan. In the early 20th century, a large number of Dunhuang Tibetan manuscripts ___39___ (take) to countries such as France and Britain.
Northwest Minzu University and Shanghai Chinese Classics Publishing House, together with some ___40___ (edit) from the National Library of France, compiled (编撰) the photocopies, ___41___ were published in 35 books as a set. The series is expected to show the ___42___ (economy) activities and cultural exchanges in the age of Tubo in Dunhuang. It took the team about 15 years ___43___ (complete) the documents in Chinese and Tibetan languages. It is the first time that the entire Tibetan literature preserved in France has been published in the form ___44___ photocopies.
At present, the ancient Tibetan manuscripts preserved in Britain ____45____ (change) into a digital form by Chinese researchers, in the country’s efforts to study and preserve unique Tibetan culture. It is said that the task is expected to be finished soon.
【答案】36. a 37. Dating
38. mainly 39. were taken
40. editors
41. which 42. economic
43 to complete
44. of 45. are being changed
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了去年中国出版了一套西藏古代文献的影印本的事件。这套文献是一个世纪前被从著名的莫高窟带到法国的。此外，还有一些文献被带到了英国。目前，中国研究人员正在将保存在英国的藏文古手稿转化为数字形式。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：1900年，敦煌藏文文献第一次在莫高窟被发现，这是中国甘肃西北部的一个联合国教科文组织世界遗址。分析句子结构可知，a UNESCO World Heritage Site in northwest China’s Gansu 是Mogao Grottos的同位语，且首字母发音为辅音音素，所以应填冠词a。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些手稿追溯到4世纪，主要语言是汉语，但是有些是其他语言，包括藏语。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填非谓语动词，date的逻辑主语为the manuscripts。date back to“开始于、追溯到”，与逻辑主语之间为主动关系。因此，空格处应填现在分词作状语，且放句首，首字母大写，所以应填Dating。故填Dating。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：这些手稿追溯到4世纪，主要是汉语，但是有些是其他语言，包括藏语。分析句子结构可知，此处应填副词修饰介词短语，所以应填mainly。故填mainly。
【39题详解】
考查动词的时态及语态。句意：在20世纪早期，大量的敦煌藏文文献被带到法国，英国等国家。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填谓语动词，结合所给时间状语“In the early 20th century”以及主语“a large number of Dunhuang Tibetan manuscripts”可知应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为复数，所以应填were taken。故填were taken。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：西北民族大学、上海中国古典文学出版社，以及法国国家图书馆的一些编辑，编纂了这些影印本，以35本书的形式出版。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填名词的复数形式，结合句意可知，此处指编辑，所以应填editors。故填editors。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句引导词。句意：西北民族大学、上海中国古典文学出版社，以及法国国家图书馆的一些编辑，编纂了这些影印本，以35本书的形式出版。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为photocopies，且从句中缺少主语，所以空格处应填关系代词which。故填which。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：该系列将展示出敦煌吐蕃时代的经济活动和文化交流。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填形容词作定语；economy的形容词形式为economic，所以应填economic。故填economic。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：用汉语和藏语完成这些文献花费了这个团队大约15年时间。固定句式It takes/took sb some time to do sth.表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”,所以空格处应填to complete。故填to complete。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：这是保存在法国的全部藏文文献第一次以影印本的形式出版。 in the form of “以……形式”，所以空格处应填介词of。故填of。
【45题详解】
考查动词的时态及语态。句意：目前，保存在英国的藏文古手稿正在被中国研究人员转化为数字形式，在国家的努力下，研究和保护独特的西藏文化。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填谓语动词，结合句中“At present”及后文“It is said that the task is expected to be finished soon.(据说这个任务预计将很快完成)”可知，在英国的藏文古手稿正在被转化为数字形式的过程中，且与主语“the ancient Tibetan manuscripts”的关系为被动，所以应用现在进行时的被动语态，所以应填are being changed。故填are being changed。
第三节 单词填空 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据语境及括号中单词的提示，在横线上写出正确的单词形式，每空只填一词。
46. ________ (actual), I like sports better, but my friends go to the Dancing Club and I want to be with them.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Actually
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：事实上，我更喜欢表演，但是我的朋友去了芭蕾舞俱乐部，我也想和她们一起。根据句意，此处需要用副词修饰后面整个句子，故填Actually。
47. Air pollution is a ________(globe) problem and every country should pay enough attention to it. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】global
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：空气污染是一个全球性问题，每个国家都应该给予足够的重视。分析可知，所填空应是形容词作定语，修饰空后名词“problem”。“globe”，名词，意为“地球，世界”，其形容词形式为“global(全球的，全世界的)”。故填global。
48. In the earthquake, a huge crack, 8 kilometres in ________ (long) and 30 metres in width, cut across houses, roads and waterways. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】length
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在这次地震中，一条长8公里、宽30米的巨大裂缝横穿房屋、道路和水路。结合空前介词in可知，此处用名词length，作宾语，故填length。
49. Chiwen, one of the nine sons of the Chinese dragon was often placed on the ________ (roof) of palaces, temples and some houses in ancient China. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】roofs
【解析】
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：鸱吻，中国龙的九个儿子之一，在中国古代经常被安置在宫殿、寺庙和一些房屋的屋顶上。表示宫殿、寺庙和一些房屋的屋顶，名词“屋顶”roof用复数形式。故填roofs。
50. They can ________ (threat) some native species or even destroy and replace them. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】threaten
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：它们可以威胁一些本地物种，甚至摧毁和取代它们。分析句子可知，本句谓语不完整，can后跟动词原形，构成谓语。故填threaten。
51. Local people are questioning the ________ (wise) of spending so much money in protecting the environment. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】wisdom
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：当地人质疑花这么多钱保护环境是否明智。空处应填名词作宾语，wisdom是抽象名词，不可数。故填wisdom。
52. It is ________ (legal) to harm or hunt wild animals and anyone who does so will be punished by law. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】illegal
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：伤害或捕猎野生动物是非法的，任何这样做的人都将受到法律的惩罚。be动词后用形容词。根据will be punished by law可知，空处填“非法的”illegal。故填illegal。
53. The island offers such a wide ________ (various) of scenery and wildlife, which makes it a popular destination for tourists. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】variety
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个岛屿有如此多的风景和野生动物，这使它成为一个受欢迎的旅游目的地。短语：a variety of“各种各样的”，所以空处用名词variety，故填variety。
54. Those who love nature are more likely to make ________ (contribute) to wildlife preservation. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】contributions
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：那些喜欢大自然的人更有可能对野生动物保护做出贡献。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，contribute名词为contribution，且为可数名词，空前无限定词，所以此处为名词复数。故填contributions。
55. In December 2004, a powerful tsunami ________ (strike) Indonesia, killing more than 6,500 people. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】struck
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：2004年12月份，强大的海啸袭击了印度尼西亚，造成六千五百多人死亡。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填谓语动词，结合所给时间状语“In December 2004”可知，应用一般过去时，且与主语“a powerful tsunami”之间的关系为主动，所以应填struck。故填struck。
第四节 短语填空 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
请根据语境，用方框内短语的正确形式将句子补充完整，每个短语只用一次。
leave…alone; in ruins; be addicted to; refer to; even if;
make no sense; what if; aware of; on average; lose heart

56. If the wetland is ________, it will slowly recover itself in a few years and there will be lots of wildlife again.
57. —Some players cheat in the sports to help their teams win the game, even in some great international competitions.
—That ________ in my opinion.
58. The environmentalists have made more and more people ________ the importance of environmental preservation.
59. In his speech, Adam ________ the recommendation from the school adviser on which courses to choose.
60. The researchers tried and failed again and again, but they never ________ and believed that they could keep the dialect alive.
61. Parents and teachers try to prevent children from ________ the Internet so that they can concentrate on school and family life.
62. ________ you are not prepared to work up a sweat (因运动而大汗淋漓) three times a week, any activity is better than none.
63. They saw by the light of the moon that part of the city lay ________ after the big earthquake.
64. ________ I fall ill while I’m away on holiday?
65. Time spent in reading among young people has risen to an hour and a half ________, according to a study.
【答案】56. left alone
57. makes no sense
58. aware of
59. referred to
60. lost heart
61. being addicted to
62. Even if
63. in ruins
64. What if
65. on average
【解析】
【56题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：如果放任这片湿地不管，它将在几年内慢慢恢复，并将再次有大量的野生动物。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词短语leave…alone“不干涉；不管”，与主语the wetland是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填left alone。
【57题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：——有些运动员在体育比赛中作弊来帮助他们的球队赢得比赛，甚至在一些伟大的国际比赛中。——在我看来这毫无意义。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词短语make no sense“毫无意义”，句子陈述目前的个人观点，应用一般现在时。故填makes no sense。
【58题详解】
考查形容词短语。句意：环保主义者已经使越来越多的人意识到保护环境的重要性。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用形容词短语aware of“意识到，知道”，作宾语补足语。故填aware of。
【59题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：在他的演讲中，亚当提到了学校顾问关于选课的建议。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词短语refer to“提到”，句子陈述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故填referred to。
【60题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：研究人员尝试了一次又一次的失败，但他们从未失去信心，相信他们可以让这种方言流传下去。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词短语lose heart“失去信心”，由and believed可知，句子陈述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故填lost heart。
【61题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：家长和老师试图阻止孩子们沉迷于网络，这样他们就可以专注于学校和家庭生活。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词短语be addicted to“沉迷于”，位于介词from之后，应用动名词形式。故填being addicted to。
【62题详解】
考查让步状语从句连接词。句意：即使你不准备每周运动三次，任何运动都比不运动强。根据句意及所给句子可知，前后句意存在让步关系，应用even if“即使”引导让步状语从句。故填Even if。
【63题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：他们借着月光看到大地震后城市的一部分成了废墟。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用介词短语in ruins“成为废墟”。故填in ruins。
【64题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：如果我外出度假时生病了怎么办？根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是固定句型what if“要是……会怎么样呢？”。故填What if。
【65题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：一项研究显示，年轻人平均花在阅读上的时间已增至一个半小时。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用介词短语on average“平均”。故填on average。
第五节 课文背诵填空(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
请根据课文，在横线上写出所缺的内容。注意要与原文一致，否则该小题不得分。
66. I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being ________ a lot more.(根据句意填空)
【答案】responsible for
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我知道作为一名高中生，我必须更加努力学习，并习惯承担更多的责任。根据句意可知，此处应用固定短语be responsible for，意为“对……负责”。故填responsible for。
67. “I can accept failure; everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” Losing games taught him to practise harder and ________.(根据句意填空)
【答案】never give up
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意： “我能接受失败;每个人都有失败的时候。但我不能接受不去尝试。”输掉比赛教会了他更加努力地练习，永不放弃。give up放弃。teach sb. to do sth.教会某人做某事。根据句意，故填never give up。
68. The ________ for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters. As an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture. (根据句意填空)
【答案】high regard
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：中国人对中国书写体系的高度关注体现在汉字的发展中，汉字作为一种艺术形式，被熟知为中国书法，已经成为中国文化的重要一部分。根据下文“the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters(对中国书写体系的……体现在汉字的发展中)”以及下文“which has become an important part of Chinese culture(已经成为中国文化的重要一部分)”可知，中国人对中国书写体系高度关注，并使之发展成为中国文化的重要一部分，“高度关注”是名词短语high regard，作主语。故填high regard。
69. Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO, which ________ that prevents world cultural heritages sites around the world from disappearing. (根据句意填空)
【答案】runs a programme##runs a program
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：也许最好的例子是联合国教科文组织，该组织开展了一项防止世界各地世界文化遗产消失的计划。根据上文的is可知，本句的时态为一般现在时，再分析句意可知，此处用固定短语run a programme⁄program表示“开展一项计划”符合语境，又因为定语从句中的主语which指代example是单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单词形式。故答案为runs a programme⁄program。
70. The new city has become ________ more than seven million people, with great improvements in transportation, industry, and environment. (根据句意填空)
【答案】a home to
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这座新城市已成为700多万人的家园，交通、工业和环境都得到了极大改善。根据句意可知，空处填a home to “……的家园”。故填a home to。
第四部分 书面表达(满分 15 分)
71. 假设你是李华，你的英国网友David假期想和你一起去杭州旅行，并请你制定旅行计划。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 在杭州的行程安排；
2. 见面的时间、地点。
注意：1.词数：80左右；
2.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：the West Lake 西湖
XiXi Wetland 西溪湿地
the Silk Museum丝绸博物馆
Dear David,
I can’t wait to visit Hangzhou with you during the vacation.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear David，
I can’t wait to visit Hangzhou with you during the vacation. Here’s our 4-day travel plan in Hangzhou.
Our first stop is the West Lake, which is a perfect mix of nature and culture. We’re going to the Silk Museum next day since you’re interested in Chinese culture. The following day will be spent in Xixi Wetland, a home to many wildlife species. On the last day, let’s explore the city. We can meet at Hangzhou airport on January 20.
Any different ideas? Don’t hesitate to tell me.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国网友David回信，告知为他制定的假期杭州旅行计划。
【详解】1.词汇积累
感兴趣：be interested in→ take an interest in
因为：since→ because
次日：the following day→ the next day
参观，拜访：visit→pay a visit to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Any different ideas? Don’t hesitate to tell me.
拓展句：If you have any different ideas, please don’t hesitate to tell me.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Our first stop is the West Lake, which is a perfect mix of nature and culture.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】We’re going to the Silk Museum next day since you’re interested in Chinese culture. （运用了since引导的原因状语从句）
听力答案：1-5 CBBAA 6-10 CBBCB 11-15 BABAC 16-20 BABCC