专题12 词汇无忧 词组在手g~p——【备考2023】高考英语必背知识点梳理+思维导图（全国通用版）

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专题12 词汇无忧 词组在手g~p序号词组词性及词意g开头get along with与……相处get away逃;离get back返回;回来;回家get close (to)接近get down降下get down to开始认真（做某事）get in进入,收获,达到get off脱下（衣服等）；下车get on上车；过活get on with sb.与……相处get through通过,拨通（电话）get together聚会,联欢get up起床give away分发give back归还；送回give in屈服,让步give out分发give up放?go ahead走在前面,领先；干吧,干下去go away走开,离去go by走过;经过;过去go fishing (shopping, skating)（去）钓鱼（买东西,滑冰）go for主张go for a walk散步go in for参加,喜欢go off走开go on继续go on doing...继续干某事,不停地干某事go on with继续go out出去,熄灭go over仔细检查,复习go through浏览;翻阅,通过gold medal金牌grow up长大成人,成长h开头had better (do)最好（做）hand in上交;交纳hand out分发hang on（打电话时）不挂断,等待片刻hang up挂断电话have a cold患感冒have a gift for对……有天赋have a good time玩得高兴,过得愉快have classes上课have fun with玩得高兴have got to不得不；必须have to不得不；必须hear from收到……的来信hear of听说,知道help oneself to请随便吃点help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事help...out帮助某人解决困难hide and seek捉迷藏hold on等一等（别挂电话）hold one's breath不出气,屏住呼吸hold out伸出；坚持,维持hold up阻挡,使停顿hot dogn.热狗(红肠面包)human being人hundreds of几百,成百上千hurry up赶快,快点i开头ice creamn.冰淇淋in a hurry匆忙,很快地in a word简言之,总之in all总之in common共同,共有in danger处在危险状态in debt欠债in fact事实上,实际上in front of在……前面in need of需要,缺少in order按顺序in order that为了in order to为了in other words换句话说in peace安静,宁静in public当众；公开in surprise吃惊,惊讶in the end最后,终于in time及时,来得及information desk问讯处instead of代替,而不是j开头join in参加,加入join up联合起来,联结起来junk food没有营养的垃圾食品junk mail塞到邮箱的广告宣传品just now现在,刚才k开头keep back留下keep doing sth.继续做某事keep off勿踏;勿踩keep on继续（进行）keep one's word守信keep up保持;维持;继续kind hearteda.好心的knock at敲knock into sb.撞上l开头laugh at嘲笑lead to导致,导向left handeda.惯用左手的let in让……进来,放进let out放掉,泄露letter boxn.信箱live on以…为主食,靠…为生look after照顾look ahead向前看,展望未来look down upon看不起,轻视look for寻找look forward to盼望look into向…里面看去;调查look out留神,当心look through看穿,浏览look up查找lots of许多,大量m开头make a face做鬼脸,做苦脸make friends with与……交朋友make up和解,化装make up of由……组成,构成make up one's mind下决心man madea.人造的,人工的maple leaves枫叶may modalv.可以;也许,可能melon seed瓜子mid autumnn.中秋Middle Eastn.中东millions of成百万上千万,数以百万计mobile phone手提电话,手机moon caken.月饼more or less或多或少must modalv.必须,应当;必定是n开头neither...nor既不……也不……New Zealand*n.新西兰New Zealandern.新西兰人next to紧接着,相邻,次于night clubn.夜总会no doubt无疑地no longer不再not any more不再not at all一点也不,绝非not only ... but also不仅…而且…not so...as不像,不如not till/until直到……才now and then不时,偶尔now that既然o开头of course当然Olympic Gamesn.奥运会on (the, an) average平均,按平均数计算on duty值日,值班on foot走路,步行on show展出,在上演（放映）on time准时on/over the radio通过收音机once again再一次once more再一次once upon a time从前,很久以前one after another一个接一个open up开启；开创;开辟opera housen.歌剧院,艺术剧院or else否则,要不然ought to应该out of breath上气不接下气out of order运转不正常,出毛病out of work失业over and over again反复,多次重复p开头part timea.&ad.兼职的；部分时间的（地）pass by经过passer byn.过客,过路人pay attention to注意pay back偿还（借款等）pay for付款pay off偿清(欠款等)pencil boxn.铅笔盒pencil sharpener转笔刀persuade sb. to do说服phone boothn.公用电话间pick out选出pick up拾起,捡起,接收；开车去接……point out指出point to指向prevent ... from妨碍,,防止,,预防primary school小学put away储存put down记下put off推迟put on穿,戴上,上演put on a performance演出put on weight发福,增加体重put out扑灭,关熄put up挂起,举起,贴（广告等）put up with忍受 一、单项选择1．—What can I do for you, sir?—No, I only want to speak to the person         .A．in danger B．in returnC．in peace D．in charge2．They have discussed for two years of drafting a new law to control the pollution but when it will be put _____ is still unknown.A．into operation B．in effect C．to use D．to practice3．No one will        your bad behavior any longer.A．keep up with B．get in touch with C．put up with D．communicate with4．         everyone here，I’d like to thank our special guest for his entertaining speech.A．In case of B．In favor ofC．Instead of D．On behalf of5．Reciting does much good in language learning and it ________ helps to learn science subjects better.A．in return B．by chance C．in turn D．for once6．They sold grain        during times of famine.A．to their credit B．in creditC．on credit D．on credit card7．After a month their food supplies________ and they were faced with starvation.A．gave off B．gave away C．gave out D．gave way to8．As a hitch-hiker, I had to ______ to the driver the idea that I was a real traveler, and needed to get somewhere cheaply.A．get through B．get across C．get over D．get down9．—Did Mr.Wood catch the train?—Yes.He was lucky enough to get on the train before it         .A．pulled on B．pulled downC．pulled in D．pulled out10．He jumped on the last bus just as it was        ，so he wasn’t late for work.A．pulling away B．pulling overC．pulling up D．pulling through11．—What’s the weather like today?—Sunny but freezing cold, so you should put on more clothes to          yourself          the cold.A．prevent; from B．keep; fromC．protect; of D．protect; from12．All those weeks of studying will        when you take the important exam.A．pay back B．pay offC．pay for D．pay up13．—Li Feng won the first prize in the national English competition.—Oh, really? I’m glad that his efforts at last       .A．worked out B．got backC．paid off D．turned out14．When my neighbours came out to do morning exercises, I also________.A．took part B．joined inC．attended D．took part in15．When he hurried to the railway station，tired and     ，Mike found the train had just left.A．out of sight B．out of reachC．out of place D．out of breath   参考答案：1．D【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：——先生，有什么可以帮助你的吗？——没有，我只是想要和负责人说话。A. in danger 在危险中，有…的危险；B. in return 作为回报，作为回应；C. in peace 平安地，安静地；D. in charge 主管，看管，在…看管下。分析上下文意思可知，这里需要介词短语in charge，作后置定语，意为“负责，掌管”。故选D。2．A【详解】考查动词短语。句意：他们为指定控制污染的新法规已讨论了两年，但是何时实施却仍是个未知数。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语put into operation，意为“投入实施；实行”。故选A。3．C【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：将没有人再忍受你的不良行为。A. keep up with赶上；B. get in touch with保持联系；C. put up with忍受；D. communicate with交流。根据后文“your bad behavior”指忍受坏习惯，应用put up with。故选C。4．D【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：代表所有在场的人，我要感谢我们的特别嘉宾发表的有趣的演讲。A.In case of如果；万一；B.In favor of支持； C.Instead of 代替；D.On behalf of代表。由句意可知，此处应是“代表所有在场的人，我想……”，on behalf of代表，符合句意。故选D。5．C【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：背诵对语言学习很有好处，相应地，也有助于更好地学习科学学科。A. in return作为回报；B. by chance偶然；C. in turn反过来，相应地；转而；D. for once仅此一次。结合语境，表示背诵转而又有利于学习科学学科。故选C项。6．C【详解】考查名词短语辨析。句意：在饥荒时，他们靠赊帐卖掉谷物。A. to their credit值得称赞的；B. in credit信用，结余；C. on credit赊账；D. on credit card在信用卡上。根据句意可知，此处指“赊账”应用on credit。故选C。7．C【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个月后，他们的食物供给用完了，他们面临着饥饿。A. gave off发出（光、热等）；B. gave away赠送、泄露；C. gave out分发、用完、停止运行；D. gave way to给……让路、让步。由句中“starvation”（饥饿）可知，他们的食品供给应该是用完了，故用gave out。故选C。8．B【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为一名搭便车的人，我必须让司机明白我是一个真正的旅行者，并且需要廉价到达某个地方。A. get through (设法)处理；B. get across解释清楚；C. get over克服；D. get down下来。根据“the idea that I was a real traveler, and needed to get somewhere cheaply.”可知，我必须让司机明白我是一个真正的旅行者。get sth across (to sb)被传达；被理解；把……讲清楚。故选B项9．D【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——伍德先生赶上火车了吗？——是的。他很幸运，在火车开出之前就上了车。A. pulled on穿上；B. pulled down拆毁，推翻；C. pulled in进站；D. pulled out驶出。由句意可知，此处应当是“在火车开出之前驶出”。故选D。10．A【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在末班公交车正要开走时他跳上了车，因此上班没有迟到。A. pulling away开始移动；B. pulling over靠边停车；C. pulling up停下；D. pulling through 恢复健康，精神状况转好，情绪转好。结合句意，他是在最后一趟末班车开车时跳上了车，这样上班才不会迟到。故选A项。11．D【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——今天天气怎么样？——阳光明媚，但是很冷，所以你应该多穿点衣服来御寒。此处考查“保护……免受……的侵害”，表达为动词短语protect...from...；而keep...from.../prevent...from...意为“阻止某人做某事”。故选D项。12．B【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当你们参加重要的考试时，这几周的学习将会得到成功。A. pay back偿还；B. pay off得到成功；C. pay for支付；D. pay up全部付清。结合句意，“得到回报”符合题意。故选B项。13．C【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——李峰（音译）在全国英语竞赛中获得一等奖。——哦,真的吗?我很高兴他的努力终于有了回报。A. worked out锻炼；B. got back回到；C. paid off取得成功；D. turned out结果是。根据前文“I’m glad that his efforts”可知，此处表达“努力有回报”之意，应用paid off。故选C项。14．B【详解】考查动词短语。句意：邻居们出来做早操时，我也跟着一起做。A. take part参加比赛；take part的宾语是比赛；B. join in加入活动；表示成为活动其中的一员；C. attend 出席；宾语为会议/婚礼/葬礼或课程；D. take part in 参加，宾语为活动；根据句意分析可知，此处跟邻居一起做早操，因此是成为群体中的一员。因此需要使用joined in。故选B。15．D【详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意为：当迈克劳累并且上气不接下气地赶到火车站时，他发现火车刚开走。A. out of sight看不见；B. out of reach够不着；C. out of place不在适当的位置；D. out of breath上气不接下气。结合句意可知，此处表示的是“上气不接下气”应为out of breath符合句意。故选D项。