高中英语高考2020高考英语一轮复习Unit4Wildlifeprotection练习含解析新人教版必修

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Unit 4　Wildlife protectionⅠ.阅读理解With weather getting warmer,animals have begun to change in response to the new condition.And some of them have become smaller.Some scientists thought this might be an adaptation to a warmer world; smaller bodies should be able to lose heat better.But now a new study has found that for red knot birds,that’s not the case.Ecologist Jan van Gils and his colleagues have been studying these birds for 33 years.Over the course of their research,van Gils and his team have found that in Russia where the red knots summer,snowmelt and spring have been advancing by half a day per year on average.Over more than thirty years,the researchers caught and measured nearly 2,000 birds.In years when the snowmelt had arrived particularly early,the birds were likely to be smaller and have shorter bills (鸟嘴).The birds leave the coast of Western Africa,where they winter,and fly north toward Russia.The birds are supposed to arrive in spring,so they can lay their eggs and when their chicks hatch out,there will be a wealth of arthropod (节肢动物) insects to feed their young.But even though the red knots are advancing their arrival date by about a quarter of a day per year,it is not enough to keep up with the snowmelt.And in years when the snowmelt arrives early,the arthropods reach the greatest quantity before the birds need them.Therefore,chicks miss out on eating well and they grow up to be smaller and have shorter bills.Being smaller and having a shorter bill isn’t a problem in Russia—but it is in Africa.There,adult birds feed on thin-shelled bivalves (双壳贝类),Loripes lucinalis.But the bivalves are buried deep.However,other options,Dosinia isocardia bivalves and seagrass rhizomes (根茎),which only the youngest birds rely on,are not abundant or nutritious.Van Gils and his colleagues found that,in their first year,shorter-billed red knots don’t survive as well in Africa.The majority of birds that survive are the long-billed birds.1.How did Jan van Gils and his colleagues reach the conclusion?A.By comparing red knots with other birds.B.By dividing 2,000 red knots into several groups.C.By watching and examining red knots for three decades.D.By analyzing studies that have been published in Science.2.What influence does early snowmelt have on red knots?A.Their chicks don’t have enough to eat. B.Their eggs take more time to hatch out.C.They need to find other places for summer. D.They arrive in Russia half a day earlier each year.3.Why do few adult short-billed red knots survive in Africa?A.Because they can’t find arthropod insects to eat.B.Because they can’t access Loripes lucinalis bivalves.C.Because Dosinia isocardia bivalves they need are rare.D.Because seagrass rhizomes they feed on are not nutritious.4.What’s the purpose of the text?A.To tell a story.       B.To provide facts.C.To make an announcement. D.To put forward suggestions.语篇解读:本文是说明文。研究表明受到全球变暖的影响,在融雪期特别早的年份孵化出来的红腹滨鹬会体格变小、鸟嘴变短,这直接影响它们的生存。答案及剖析:1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Ecologist Jan van Gils and his colleagues have been studying these birds for 33 years.及Over more than thirty years,the researchers caught and measured nearly 2,000 birds.可知,Jan van Gils和他的同事通过追踪研究红腹滨鹬30余年才得出了他们的结论。2.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的And in years when the snowmelt arrives early,the arthropods reach the greatest quantity before the birds need them.Therefore,chicks miss out on eating well可知,如果融雪期提前到来的话,等红腹滨鹬的幼鸟孵化出来时,它们已经错过了节肢动物数量最多的时候,因此没有足够的食物吃。3.B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的adult birds feed on thin-shelled bivalves,Loripes lucinalis.But the bivalves are buried deep可推测,Loripes lucinalis这种贝类在地下比较深的地方,因此嘴短的红腹滨鹬吃不到它们,影响生存。4.B　写作目的题。通读全文可知,本文介绍了在融雪期特别早的年份孵化出来的红腹滨鹬会体格变小、鸟嘴变短,从而直接影响它们生存的事实。故B项正确。Ⅱ.七选五(2018 安徽江淮十校4月联考)Teens are certainly confusing and complicated, but there is one thing that’s clear about them: More than anything else, they want to fit in with their peers.They want and need to stay connected.Without connection, they feel lonely, anxious and sad,1.　　　. Teens, like adults,run into all sorts of dilemmas with their friends.Friendships are neither all good nor all bad.As an adult, you have experience with these sorts of friends and have made your own adjustments in these relationships.Given both your own life experience and your concern for your teens, you’re in an excellent position to help your teens set boundaries with friends.Certainly,some friendships are worth maintaining, while some are not,2.　　　.There are many ways you can help your teens handle these relationships effectively.Here are some steps I would suggest taking: Teach your teens to label their feelings.They need to know what it is that they are feeling first to effectively set limits and boundaries with friends.Help them label setbacks, exhaustion, disappointment and anger.This is no small task.Many kids struggle with labeling their feelings.3.　　　.If they sense that something is wrong in a friendship, they’re probably right,and they need to quit it as soon as possible. Explain to your teens that they can’t be all things to all friends.And let them know that friendships are most likely to grow and continue if they feel good about them.Discuss different ways to set boundaries.Explain to your kids that just as it makes sense to say yes at times,4.　　　.Just as it’s fine to spend lots of time with a friend during the week,it’s equally OK to spend less time with the same friend when that friend is being too demanding or needy. Look at your behavior in relationships.5.　　　.They are quietly watching your every move.So make sure you’re setting a good example for them to follow in your relationships as well. A.so they need to tell what are right relationshipsB.and they shall find their way out of those friendshipsC.Keep in mind that you are your teens’ most important role modelD.Remind your teens of bad relationshipsE.it’s also socially acceptable to say no at other timesF.Encourage your teens to mind their feelings and follow the sixth senseG.but they may get exhausted by their friendships as well答案:1—5　GBFECⅢ.完形填空(2018贵州贵阳第一中学检测题)I always preferred to take on more than I should when I was a young man.At times, it was to prove to myself that I could 　1　it.At other times, it was to please someone and gain 　2　for my efforts.This sometimes led to 　3　or frustration. When I was an IT manager after college graduation I was　4　to work with a wealthy customer and be a go-between(中间人)for my company.I took on the assignment 　5　, thinking that this might be my time to shine.　6　, the customer’s demands proved to be more than I could do with.And the company chose to 　7　the customer and try to meet his unreasonable requirements rather than stick to what we had 　8　offered in the contract.As you can imagine, this led to a lot of unexpected 　9　 and arguing with some of the staff who　10　to do anything outside their scope(范围)of work.I remember walking into my office one morning, opening my laptop and 　11　 the blank screen for long, thinking to myself: What should I do? That was a(n) 　12　time in my life and then I finally had to give up my first job and 　13　that company sadly. Perhaps, I thought then, I could find the 　14　that didn’t involve dealing with difficult people and difficult situations.But later I realized: Is this 　15　in our modern world? No, it is impossible.Now, I know, I shouldn’t run away from the 　16　I faced in life: I had to learn how to deal with them.I 　17　 not persevering(坚持)in my job.We should train ourselves to look at things from a 　18　point of view, because that is far better than being 　19　in the bad circle depression.I’ve come to 　20　that when faced with difficulties, I should not give up, but persevere. 1.A.send B.research C.handle D.attempt2.A.recognition B.honor C.information D.news3.A.patience B.pleasure C.stress D.appreciation4.A.assigned B.hoped C.forbidden D.wished5.A.strongly B.happily C.unwillingly D.anxiously6.A.Moreover B.Additionally C.Therefore D.However7.A.look into B.be against C.wait for D.be for8.A.frequently B.fluently C.originally D.gradually9.A.programs B.problems C.goals D.results10.A.longed B.refused C.preferred D.agreed11.A.staring at B.aiming at C.pointing at D.shouting at12.A.funny B.easy C.difficult D.amazing13.A.left B.charged C.shut D.lost14.A.lesson B.life C.truth D.job15.A.urgent B.necessary C.reasonable D.possible16.A.choices B.challenges C.facts D.illusions17.A.regret B.think C.consider D.allow18.A.common B.simple C.positive D.valuable19.A.required B.limited C.hidden D.trapped20.A.suppose B.see C.consume D.expect语篇解读:本文是作者的工作感悟,同时我们也从中获得启示。作者还是个年轻人的时候,总是喜欢承担更多的事情。他渐渐意识到,当面对困难时,不应该放弃,而是坚持下去。答案及剖析:1.C　有时候,作者是想证明自己能应对工作中的问题。2.A　有时候是为了使自己的努力获得认可。3.C　根据空格后的frustration可知,此处应填stress。4.A　根据空格5前面的词assignment可知,作者被分配了一项任务。5.B　根据该句中的this might be my time to shine.可知,作者认为这是一个让他闪光的时刻,所以他很高兴地答应了。6.D　上下文是转折关系。然而,事实证明,客户的要求超出了我的能力。7.D　根据空格后的try to meet his unreasonable requirements可知,公司选择为客户提供服务,并试图满足他的不合理要求。8.C　根据上一句可知,公司选择满足客户的不合理要求,而不是坚持最初合同中规定的我们提供的服务。9.B　根据上下文,因为公司做出了那样的决定,导致了许多意想不到的问题。10.B　公司的决定使得一些员工拒绝在工作范围之外做任何事情。11.A　我记得有一天早上,我走进办公室,打开笔记本电脑,盯着空白屏幕看了很久。根据句意可知答案为A。12.C　根据上下文可知,那是我一生中艰难的时刻。13.A　根据空格前的had to give up my first job可知,作者离职了。14.D　辞职了之后,应该是另找一份工作。15.D　但后来我意识到:这在我们的现代世界是可能的吗? 16.B　作者在生活中遇到了挑战。17.A　作者后悔没有坚持他的工作。18.C　根据文中最后一句I should not give up, but persevere.可知应选C。19.D　be trapped in 为固定短语,意为“ 陷入困境”。20.B　我已经意识到,当面对困难时,我不应该放弃,而是坚持下去。根据句意可知答案为B。