黄金卷03-【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2023年高考英语模拟卷（广东、山东专用）

【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2023年高考英语模拟卷（山东、广东卷）

黄金卷03

（考试时间：120分钟  试卷满分：150分）

注意事项：

1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分  阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Rosetta Stone

The app offers 25 languages to choose from and it listens to your pronunciation to help grasp your skills. It helps you learn language foundations faster. Rosetta Stone starts at $35. 97 for 3 months, but has additional plans of different lengths, including a lifetime membership for $ 199.

Mango

While many of the apps on this list focus on gamifying (游戏化)and making the learning experience addictive, Mango goes in the other direction, paying much attention to detailed instruction. A single language will cost you $7. 99 a month, or $17. 99 for access to all of available languages (that’s 70 languages). Mango has longer lessons, which average at about 12 minutes per lesson. These lessons are very detailed, and Mango emphasizes conversation-based methodology to get you toward being fluent.

Mondly

Mondly focuses on gamifying the language-learning experience. You can get started on Mondly for free and upgrade to a subscription service, ranging between $9. 99 and $479. 90. The app is good for those who have no experience in learning a new language.

Duolingo

Duolingo is famous for its owl (猫头鹰) if you don’t keep on track with your lessons. The best part of this app is that it’s completely free, although you have the option to upgrade if you’d like to avoid the ads. The upgraded plan is $12. 99 a month, and with 34 languages to learn, it’s the easiest app by far to get started with. There’re comprehension tests for listening and reading. You’ll listen to a story and answer questions to see how much you comprehended from the story.

1. What is special about Mango?

A. It gamifies the language learning.

B. It offers a 12-minute lesson at a time.

C. It is the cheapest app of the four.

D. It focuses on detailed instruction.

2. What is the function of the owl in Duolingo?

A. Training its users’ listening.

B. Forcing its users to keep going.

C. Preventing its users from the ads.

D. Helping its users answer questions.

3. Which app is the most suitable for foreign language beginners?

A. Mondly.

B. Mango.

C. Duolingo.

D. Rosetta Stone.

【1~3题答案】

【答案】1. D    2. B    3. A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几款学习语言的app。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据Mango段落下的第一句“While many of the apps on this list focus on gamifying (游戏化)and making the learning experience addictive, Mango goes in the other direction, paying much attention to detailed instruction.(虽然这个列表中的许多应用程序都专注于游戏化和沉浸式学习体验，但Mango却朝着另一个方向发展，非常注重详细的指导)”可知，Mango的特别之处是它侧重于详细的指导。故选D。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据Duolingo段落下的第一句“Duolingo is famous for its owl (猫头鹰) if you don’t keep on track with your lessons.(如果你没跟上学习进度的话，Duolingo的猫头鹰可是很有名的)”可知，Duolingo的猫头鹰可以促使用户坚持使用，跟上课程进度。故选B。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据Mondly段落下的最后一句“The app is good for those who have no experience in learning a new language.(该应用程序适用于那些没有学习一门新语言经验的人)”可知，Mondly适用于外语初学者。故选A。

B

Imagine reading a story titled "Pursuing Success." That would be an inspiring story, wouldn't it? Maybe—but maybe not. It might well be the story of someone whose never-ending chase for more and more success leaves them unsatisfied and incapable of happiness.

Though it isn't a conventional medical addiction, for many people success has addictive properties. Obviously, success goes with praise. To a certain extent, praise stimulates the neurotransmitter dopamine (神经递质多巴胺)，which contributes to all addictive behaviors.

The desire for success may be born to human nature, but specialness doesn't come cheap. Success is tough work, and it requires bearing the cost of losing. In the 1980s, the physician Robert Goldman famously found that more than half of ambitious athletes would be willing to take a drug that would kill them in five years in exchange for winning every competition they entered.

Unfortunately, success is endless. The goal can't be satisfied; most people never feel “successful” enough. The high only lasts a day or two, and then it's on to the next goal. Psychologists call this the hedonic treadmill (快乐跑步机现象)，in which satisfaction wears off almost immediately and we must run on to the next reward to avoid the feeling of falling behind.

People should get off the treadmill. But quitting isn't easy for addicts. For people hooked on substances, withdrawal can be a painful experience, both physically and psychologically, research finds that depression and anxiety are common among outstanding athletes after their careers end. Olympic athletes, in particular, suffer from the “ post-Olympic blues.”

Just like wine, success in and of itself is not a bad thing. Both can bring fun and sweetness to life. But both become bossy when they are a substitute for — instead of a complement (补充物)to — the relationships and love that should be at the center of our lives.

4. What does praise function as when going with success?

A. It has nothing to do with success addiction.

B. It may indirectly cause success addiction.

C. It always brings positive results of success.

D. It results in all addictive behaviors except success.

5. Why did the author mention the research findings of Robert Goldman?

A. To show success is a tough and cruel job.

B. To stress the key to success lies in efforts.

C. To argue that athletes deserve more rewards.

D. To describe the routine training of an ordinary athlete.

6. What can success bring to a success addict according to psychologists?

A. Satisfaction and a sense of pride.

B. Anxiety and short-lived happiness.

C. Relaxation and endless motivation.

D. Confidence and permanent happiness.

7. What does the author suggest people do about pursuing success?

A. Stop chasing success.

B. Chase success at any cost.

C. Reflect on what matters in life.

D. Give up love and relationships.

【答案】4. B    5. A    6. B    7. C

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了成功对人们的影响，对许多人来说，成功有上瘾的特性，但成功是艰苦的工作，它要求承担失败的代价，而且成功还是无止境的，带来的快乐却很短暂；对此，作者建议人们应该思考自己生活中真正重要的东西是什么。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。由第二段中的“Obviously, success goes with praise. To a certain extent, praise stimulates the neurotransmitter dopamine （神经递质多巴胺），which contributes to all addictive behaviors.”（显然，成功与表扬相伴。在一定程度上，表扬刺激神经递质多巴胺，这有助于所有成瘾行为。），可知表扬与成功相伴，会刺激神经递质多巴胺，它可能间接地导致成功成瘾。故选B项。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。由第三段中的“Success is tough work, and it requires bearing the cost of losing. In the 1980s, the physician Robert Goldman famously found that more than half of ambitious athletes would be willing to take a drug that would kill them in five years in exchange for winning every competition they entered.”（成功是一项艰巨的工作，它需要承担损失的代价。1980年代，医生Robert Goldman发现了一个著名的发现，超过半数雄心勃勃的运动员愿意服用一种药物，这种药物将在五年内杀死他们，以换取他们参加的每一场比赛都能获胜。），可推知本段列举Robert Goldman的研究是为了说明成功是一项艰巨而残酷的工作。故选A项。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。由第四段中的“The goal can't be satisfied; most people never feel “successful” enough. The high only lasts a day or two, and then it's on to the next goal. Psychologists call this the hedonic treadmill (快乐跑步机现象)，in which satisfaction wears off almost immediately and we must run on to the next reward to avoid the feeling of falling behind.”（目标不能满足，大多数人从来没有感觉到“成功”足够过。兴奋的状态只持续一两天，然后又进入下一个目标。心理学家称之为快乐跑步机现象，在这种情况下，满足感几乎立即消失，我们必须继续下一个奖励，以避免落伍的感觉。）和倒数第二段中的“For people hooked on substances, withdrawal can be a painful experience, both physically and psychologically, research finds that depression and anxiety are common among outstanding athletes after their careers end.”（对于那些沉迷于物质的人来说，戒断可能是一种痛苦的经历，无论是身体还是心理上，研究发现，在优秀运动员职业生涯结束后，抑郁和焦虑是常见的。），可知成功者永远感觉不到满足，他们的满足感/幸福感是短暂的，一些优秀运动员职业生涯结束后，会抑郁和焦虑，说明成功能给成功成瘾者带来短暂的幸福和焦虑。故选B项。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。由最后一段“Just like wine, success in and of itself is not a bad thing. Both can bring fun and sweetness to life. But both become bossy when they are a substitute for — instead of a complement (补充物)to — the relationships and love that should be at the center of our lives.”（就像葡萄酒一样，成功本身并不是坏事。两者都能给生活带来乐趣和甜蜜。但是，当它们取代了——而不是补充——我们生活本该是关系和爱的中心时，它们就会变得专横。），可知作者认为成功本身并不是坏事，但当成功取代了我们生活中最核心的关系和爱时，成功就会变成坏事。由此推知，作者建议读者思考生活中最重要的事情。故选C项。

C

When making choices, people assume that they pick what they like. However, research suggests that we like something strictly because we have chosen it. In other words, we dislike things we don’t choose. And this phenomenon has existed since we were babies.

In an experiment, US researchers brought several 10 to 20-month-old babies into a lab and gave them two same bright and colorful soft blocks to play with. They set each block far apart, so the babies had to crawl to one or the other—a random choice. After the baby chose one of the toys, the researchers took it away and came back with a new option. The babies could then pick either the toy they didn’t play with before, or a brand-new toy.

It turned out that the babies reliably chose to play with the new toy rather than the one they had not chosen.

In follow-up experiments, when researchers instead helped choose which toy the baby would play with, the phenomenon disappeared. “As if they were saying, ‘Hmm, I didn’t choose that object last time, because I guess I didn’t like it very much” said Lisa Feigenson, co-author of the study.

This is a very important phenomenon in life, Feigenson noted. Adults will less like the thing they didn’t choose, even if they had no real preference in the first place. It looks like babies do just the same.

It shows that the act of making choices changes how we feel about our options. The random choices might become our preferences. “They are really not choosing based on whether they are novel or what they prefer,” said Alex Silver, co-author of the study.

This new finding explains why adults build unconscious preference when they make choices between the same things. Justifying(证明有道理) choice is somehow fundamental to the human experience. “I chose this, so I must like it. I didn’t choose this other thing, so it cannot be so good. Adults make these inferences unconsciously,” Feigenson said.

Such tendency makes sense to us as we live in a consumer culture and must make so many choices every day, between everything from toothpaste brands to styles of jeans.

Next, researchers will look at whether too many choices could be a problem for babies as they certainly are for adults.

8. What is the purpose of the experiments?

A. To test whether people choose what they like.

B. To see why babies prefer new toys to old ones.

C. To explain how babies and adults make choices differently.

D. To study if too many choices could create problems for people.

9. What can be learned from the experiments?

A. Babies prefer bright and colorful toys.

B. Babies’ preference largely affects their choices.

C. Babies prefer adults to help them make choices.

D. Babies’ previous random choices affect their preference.

10. Why is the new finding important in life?

A. It entirely changes our styles to choose.

B. It helps us make wise decisions in a consumer culture.

C. It promotes the relationship between adults and babies.

D. It helps us understand our unconscious preference for choices.

11. What can be the best title for the text?

A. Babies like what they choose B. Random choices matter

C. Too many choices puzzle the adults D. Preference affects the choice

【8~11题答案】

【答案】8. A    9. D    10. D    11. B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了文章主要介绍了一项新发现，随机选择可能会成为我们的偏好，这项发现能够解释为什么成年人在相同的事情之间做出选择时会产生无意识的偏好。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“However, research suggests that we like something strictly because we have chosen it. In other words, we dislike things we don’t choose.（然而，研究表明，我们喜欢某样东西是因为我们选择了它。换句话说，我们不喜欢我们没有选择的东西。）”可知，研究表明的是我们的喜好和我们的选择之间的关系，这也是本文要讨论的话题，由此可推断出，下文实验也是围绕这一话题进行的，目的是为了测试人们是否选择他们喜欢的东西。故选A项。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段内容“This is a very important phenomenon in life, Feigenson noted. Adults will less like the thing they didn’t choose, even if they had no real preference in the first place. It looks like babies do just the same.”（Feigenson指出，这是生活中非常重要的现象。成年人不会喜欢他们没有选择的东西，即使他们一开始没有真正的偏好。看起来婴儿也一样。）和第六段关键句“It shows that the act of making choices changes how we feel about our options. The random choices might become our preferences.（它表明做出选择的行为改变了我们对自己选择的感觉。随机选择可能会成为我们的偏好。）”可知，实验表明随机选择可能会成为我们的偏好，由此可知，婴儿先前的随机选择会影响他们的偏好。故选D项。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据第七段关键句“This new finding explains why adults build unconscious preference when they make choices between the same things.（这项新发现解释了为什么成年人在相同的事情之间做出选择时会产生无意识的偏好。）”可知，这项发现能够解释为什么成年人在相同的事情之间做出选择时会产生无意识的偏好，由此可知，这项新发现在生活中是重要的，是因为它帮助我们理解了我们对选择的无意识的偏好。故选D项。

【11题详解】

主旨大意题。浏览文章，结合第一段关键句“However, research suggests that we like something strictly because we have chosen it. In other words, we dislike things we don’t choose. And this phenomenon has existed since we were babies.（然而，研究表明，我们喜欢某样东西是因为我们选择了它。换句话说，我们不喜欢我们没有选择的东西。这种现象在我们还是婴儿的时候就已经存在了。）”可知，文章主要介绍了一项新发现，随机选择可能会成为我们的偏好，这项发现能够解释为什么成年人在相同的事情之间做出选择时会产生无意识的偏好。“Random choices matter”意为“随机选择很重要”，符合文章主题，最适合作文章标题。故选B项。

D

Brain aneurysms (脑动脉瘤) affect about one in every 50 Americans and can lead to serious medical emergencies, including stroke, brain damage and death if they burst. Existing treatment options are limited and often invasive(扩散), and surgical outcomes can vary widely from person to person.

Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) have become the first team to produce a living, bioprinted aneurysm outside of the human body, perform a medical procedure on it and observe it respond and heal as it would in an actual human brain.

“While there are a lot of promising treatment options, some still have a long way to go,” said Moya, the project’s principal investigator. One common treatment is “clipping”-attaching a metal clip to the base of the aneurysm to redirect blood flow away and keep it from bursting. The procedure is highly invasive, requiring surgeons to open up the skull and expose the brain. A more common and less invasive treatment is the metal coiling (缠绕) approach. The downside to “coiling” is that success is highly dependent on a variety of factors, including the geometry of the patient’s blood vessels, which differ from one person to the next, researchers said.

Animal models aren't necessarily the best way to try out these options, as they lack direct observation of treatment effects and have uncontrollable aneurysm geometries. Unlike animal models, LLNL’s platform allows scientists to directly measure the liquid.

To take some of the guesswork out of aneurysm treatments, Hynes, the original principal investigator, realized researchers would need a way to validate more predictive 3D models that take patient geometry into account by bioprinting with human cells.

By combining the 3D-printed platform with computational models, researchers said they've developed a potential tool for surgeons to pre-select the best coil types, and perform “testruns” of procedures before attempting them on the human patient “What’s exciting is that this platform copies the actual blood vessels and also is strong enough to handle a coiling procedure. This makes it ideal to be used as a training platform for surgeons.” Moya said.

In addition to a testbed for surgical training, researchers said the platform has potential for improving the understanding of basic biology and the post-surgery healing response. While early results are promising, the researchers cautioned there's a long way to go before the platform sees application in the clinical environment.

12. What is the living, bioprinted aneurysm?

A. It’s a set of surgical instrument.

B. It’s a tissue transplanted in human body.

C. It’s a training platform for surgeons.

D. It’s a treatment option for brain aneurysms.

13. What’s the disadvantage of the “coiling” treatment option?

A. The procedure is highly invasive.

B. It may lead to serious medical emergencies.

C. Surgical outcomes vary widely from person to person.

D. It completely depends on the geometry of the patient’s blood vessels.

14. What makes animal models imperfect to try out the treatment options?

A. It’s difficult to observe and gather data on them.

B. They are not strong enough to handle a coiling procedure.

C. Their aneurysm geometries are totally-different from human's.

D. The potential response to the treatment options are uncontrollable.

15. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A. The previous experiments have been in vain.

B. The platform has improved the understanding of basic biology.

C. Brain aneurysms can be cured without any risk with the platform.

D. More needs to be done before applying the platform in the clinical environment.

【答案】12. C    13. C    14. A    15. D

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。由于现有的治疗脑动脉瘤的方法是有限的，而且通常是侵入性的，且手术结果因人而异，故科学家一致在探索脑动脉瘤的最佳治疗方法，同时文章中分析了几种研究方法的利弊。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“……to produce a living, bioprinted aneurysm outside of the human body, perform a medical procedure on it and observe it respond and heal as it would in an actual human brain.(……要在人体外制造一个活的、生物打印的动脉瘤，对其进行医疗程序，观察它的反应和愈合，就像在真正的人类大脑中一样。)”对LLNL创造的这个研究方法的介绍以及第四段中“LLNL’s platform allows scientists to directly measure the liquid.( LLNL的平台允许科学家直接测量液体。)”可知，在人体外制造一个生物打印动脉瘤是为了方便医疗人员学习并研究治疗动脉瘤的方法。故选C。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“The downside to “coiling” is that success is highly dependent on a variety of factors, including the geometry of the patient’s blood vessels, which differ from one person to the next, researchers said.( 研究人员说，“盘绕”的缺点是成功与否高度依赖于多种因素，包括患者血管的几何形状，每个人的血管形状都不同。)”可知，“盘绕”治疗法的缺点是成功与否高度因人而异。故选C。

【14题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段“as they lack direct observation of treatment effects and have uncontrollable aneurysm geometries.( 因为他们缺乏对治疗效果的直接观察，并且动脉瘤的几何形状是不可控制的。)”可知，因为动物模型缺乏对治疗效果的直观观察，不能得到有效的数据，这一点让动物模型在试验治疗方案时不完美。故选A。

【15题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一句“While early results are promising, the researchers cautioned there's a long way to go before the platform sees application in the clinical environment.( 虽然早期的结果很有希望，但研究人员警告说，该平台在临床环境中应用还有很长的路要走。)”可以推知， LLNL平台要真正投入临床应用，还需要大量的工作要做。故选D。

第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Find it hard to get started? Try these suggestions to help you rise and shine — and be effective from morning till night.

● Get up earlier

Sleeping in can be a hard habit to break. Actually, it involves two things — going to bed earlier and getting up earlier. Start off by going to bed 15 minutes before your usual turn-in time and setting your alarm the same number of minutes earlier the next day. ____16____ .

● Have a good stretch in bed

Before you even open your eyes, stretch every extremity (四肢) for 15 seconds. Lift your arm and begin by stretching each finger, next your hand, and then your arm. ____17____. End with a neck and back stretch that gets you out of bed. By doing this, you will enhance the flow of blood through your system, providing your tissues with extra oxygen.

●____18____

The fewer choices you have to make, the better. Before going to bed, decide what you’re going to wear, work out which route you’ll take to work and what you’ll pack in your bag.

● Consult your morning calendar

Hang a large whiteboard in your kitchen. On it, write down all you need to know for that particular day, from doctor appointments to what you’re doing with your friends. Check it carefully while you sip your first cup of coffee or tea. ____19____.

● Get moving

____20____. But if you can get yourself into the habit, exercising in the morning can give you energy to jump-start your day.

A. Plan ahead

B. Move on to your toes, feet and legs

C. It will help you to structure your day

D. Spend less time choosing things when packing

E. Morning exercise can get you refreshed quickly

F. If you’re a night owl, an early morning jog might sound like punishment

G. Gradually reset your sleep cycle until you get to your desired wake-up time

【答案】16. G    17. B    18. A    19. C    20. E

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了让你从早睡到晚都充满活力的几个小技巧。

【16题详解】

根据前文“Sleeping in can be a hard habit to break. Actually, it involves two things — going to bed earlier and getting up earlier. Start off by going to bed 15 minutes before your usual turn-in time and setting your alarm the same number of minutes earlier the next day. （睡懒觉是很难改掉的习惯。事实上，它包括两件事——早睡早起。从比平时早15分钟上床睡觉开始，第二天把闹钟设置得比平时早15分钟。）”可知，这里与上文构成顺承关系，是上文提到的方法带来的结果。即通过调整重置自己的睡眠周期。所以G选择项“Gradually reset your sleep cycle until you get to your desired wake-up time.（逐渐重置你的睡眠周期，直到你达到你想要的起床时间。）”符合上下文语境。故选G项。

【17题详解】

根据小标题“Have a good stretch in bed（在床上好好舒展一下）”和前文“Lift your arm and begin by stretching each finger, next your hand, and then your arm.  （抬起你的手臂，从伸展每根手指开始，接着是你的手，然后是你的手臂。）”和下文“End with a neck and back stretch that gets you out of bed.（最后做一个颈部和背部伸展运动，让你起床。）”可知，这里为承上启下，继续介绍伸展肢体的部位。所以B选项“Move on to your toes, feet and legs. （接着是脚趾、脚和腿。）”符合上下文语境。故选B项。

【18题详解】

根据后文“Before going to bed, decide what you’re going to wear, work out which route you’ll take to work and what you’ll pack in your bag.（在睡觉前，决定好你要穿什么，计划好上班的路线，以及包里要装什么。）”可知，这里列举了我们睡觉前考虑的事情，包括第二天穿的衣服。所以A选项“Plan ahead（提前计划）”作为小标题，符合语境。故选A项。

【19题详解】

根据前文“Hang a large whiteboard in your kitchen. On it, write down all you need to know for that particular day, from doctor appointments to what you’re doing with your friends. Check it carefully while you sip your first cup of coffee or tea.（在厨房里挂一块大白板。在上面，写下当天你需要知道的一切，从看医生到和朋友在一起做什么。当你喝第一杯咖啡或茶时，仔细检查它。）”可知，这里说明白板的作用，帮助你规划你的一天。所以C选项“It will help you to structure your day.（它将帮助你安排你的一天。）”符合上下文语境。故选C项。

【20题详解】

根据小标题“Get moving（动起来）”和后文“But if you can get yourself into the habit, exercising in the morning can give you energy to jump-start your day. （但如果你能养成这个习惯，早上锻炼可以给你力量，让你开始新的一天。）”可知，这里介绍晨练的好处。所以E选择项“Morning exercise can get you refreshed quickly. （晨练能让你很快精神焕发。）”符合上下文语境。故选E项。

第二部分  语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节  完形填空（共15小题；每小题1.分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Alaina and Keith, the owners of a coffee shop, were surprised to discover that someone had graffitied (涂鸦) a fence outside their shop. But the real ____21____ came after they posted about the incident on Facebook.

Discovering the graffiti on their property was ____22____, Alaina and Keith decided to take a more ____23____ route instead of calling the ____24____. They shared what had happened online, explaining that they were ____25____ to give the fence an update with a mural (壁画).

“Calling all ____26____!” they wrote. It was ____27____ what they asked for. “We are looking for something that will uplift, bring hope, and ____28____ our community!”

As their post gained attention online, they heard from the very people they had least ____29____ to see again. One day three _____30_____ came into the coffee shop. They looked _____31_____, but they found the courage to _____32_____ for graffitiing the fence and promised to repaint it. Shocked at their _____33_____ choice to return to the shop, Keith and Alaina instantly chose to forgive the teens.

After the graffiti was _____34_____, the amazing couple received a call from Shower the People, a charitable organization in Nashville. They were _____35_____ by the couple's story and created a mural for them.

What a powerful demonstration of forgiveness! It just goes to show that one act of kindness can have a domino (多米诺骨牌) effect.

21. A. sadness B. pressure C. guilt D. shock

22. A. disappointing B. embarrassing C. confusing D. exciting

23. A. adventurous B. positive C. realistic             D. supportive

24. A. customer B. manager C. police               D. company

25. A. inspired B. persuaded C. required             D. permitted

26. A. neighbors B. doctors C. artists D. teachers

27. A. confidently B. eventually C. exactly D. casually

28. A. protect B. connect C. repair               D. recognize

29. A. arranged B. promised C. refused              D. expected

30. A. teenagers B. painters C. customers D. adults

31. A. terrified B. delighted C. depressed            D. surprised

32. A. apply B. apologize C. prepare D. stand

33. A. proud B. selfless C. modest D. brave

34. A. repaid for B. broken down C. painted over         D. packed up

35. A. touched B. amused C. defeated             D. disturbed

【21~35题答案】

【答案】21. D    22. A    23. B    24. C    25. A    26. C    27. C    28. B    29. D    30. A    31. A    32. B    33. D    34. C    35. A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一个爱与宽恕的故事，表明了善行可以产生多米诺骨牌效应。

【21题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：但真正令人震惊的是，他们在Facebook上发布了这一事件。A. sadness悲伤；B. pressure压力；C. guilt内疚；D. shock震惊。根据上文“Alaina and Keith, the owners of a coffee shop, were surprised to discover that someone had graffitied (涂鸦) a fence outside their shop.”可知，咖啡店店主Alaina和Keith 惊讶地发现有人在他们店外的围墙上乱画。故选D。

【22题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：阿莱娜和基思发现自家墙上的涂鸦令人失望，他们决定采取更积极的方式，而不是报警。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. embarrassing令人尴尬的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据“Discovering the graffiti on their property”可知，有人在自己店外的围墙上乱画，这是令人失望的。故选A。

【23题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. adventurous有冒险精神的；B. positive积极的；C. realistic现实的；D. supportive支持的。根据下文可知，Alaina 和Keith 并没有选择报警，而是在网上分享此事，并解释说受此启发，他们想要召集画家在围墙上画个壁画。由此可推知，他们采取一种更积极的方式对待此事。故选B。

【24题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. customer顾客；B. manager经理；C. police警察；D. company公司。尽管发现自己店外的围墙被人乱画了，但Alaina和Keith没有报警，而是决定采取另一种方式处理此事。故选C。

【25题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在网上分享了发生的事情，并解释说，他们受到启发，给栅栏画了一幅壁画。A. inspired激励，启发；B. persuaded劝说；C. required需要，要求；D. permitted允许。根据“to give the fence an update with a mural (壁画).”可知，他们在网上分享了发生在他们店外围墙上的事，并解释说他们受到启发，想在围墙上画个壁画。故选A。

【26题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：“呼叫所有的艺术家!”他们写道。A. neighbors邻居；B. doctors医生；C. artists艺术家；D. teachers老师。结合下文中的“We are looking for something that will uplift, bring hope, and ____28____our community！”可知，他们要召集所有画家。故选C。

【27题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：这正是他们想要的。A. confidently自信地；B. eventually最终；C. exactly确切地；D. casually随意地。根据““We are looking for something that will uplift, bring hope, and ____28____ our community!””可知，用壁画更新围墙，他们需要艺术家们，而这“正是”他们所要求的。故选C。

【28题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们正在寻找能够振奋人心、带来希望并连接我们社区的东西！”A. protect保护；B. connect连接；C. repair修理；D. recognize识别。根据“We are looking for something that will uplift, bring hope”可知，此处表示正在寻找能够连接社区的东西。故选B。

【29题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着他们的帖子在网上引起关注，他们收到了他们最没想到会再见到的人的来信。A. arranged安排；B. promised承诺；C. refused拒绝；D. expected期待。根据“Shocked at their ____33____ choice to return to the shop, Keith and Alaina instantly chose to forgive the teens.”可知，这几个画了涂鸦地青少年是他们最没想到会再见到的人，夫妻俩收到了他们的来信。故选D。

【30题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，三个十几岁的孩子走进咖啡店。A. teenagers青少年；B. painters画家；C. customers顾客；D. adults成年人。根据“Keith and Alaina instantly chose to forgive the teens.”可知，此处表示三个青少年走进咖啡店。故选A。

【31题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们看起来很害怕，但他们还是鼓起勇气为自己在围栏上乱涂乱画而道歉，并承诺会重新粉刷。A. terrified恐惧的；B. delighted高兴的；C. depressed抑郁的，沮丧的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据“but they found the courage”可知，此处和“found the courage”形成转折关系，表示他们看起来很害怕。故选A。

【32题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. apply申请；B. apologize道歉；C. prepare准备；D. stand站立，忍受。根据“Keith and Alaina instantly chose to forgive the teens.”可知，他们鼓起勇气道歉。故选B。

【33题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：基思和阿莱娜对他们返回商店的勇敢选择感到震惊，立即选择原谅他们。A. proud骄傲的；B. selfless无私的；C. modest谦虚的；D. brave勇敢的。根据“but they found the courage to ____32____ for graffitiing the fence”可知，此处表示他们是勇敢的。故选D。

【34题详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：涂鸦被粉刷后，这对了不起的夫妇接到了纳什维尔慈善组织“Shower the People”的电话。A. repaid for偿还，报答；B. broken down出故障；C. painted over刷油漆覆盖；D. packed up收拾行李。根据上文“promised to repaint it”可知，此处表示涂鸦被粉刷。故选C。

【35题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们被这对夫妇的故事感动了，并为他们创作了一幅壁画。A. touched感动，触动；B. amused消遣，娱乐；C. defeated击败；D. disturbed打扰。根据上文“Alaina and Keith decided to take a more ____23____ route instead of calling the ____24____.”可知，他们被这对夫妇的故事感动了。故选A。

第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）

    阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The people of Kiunga, Kenya, have been forced to drink, cook and bathe in dirty and___36___(pollute) water for years. In 2018, GivePower, a nonprofit organization ___37___ provides solar energy solutions to regions that need it most, installed its first-ever solar water farm, and it___38___ (provide) clean water to 3,000 people every single day so far. The solar water farm turns the salt water of the Indian Ocean___39___ clean drinking water through advanced filtration(过滤)systems.

The main issue is that water plants cost a lot ___40___ (run), however, solar panels have helped solve this issue. GivePower’s solar water farm produces solar energy using ___41___ (it) solar panels. These are able to produce 50 kilowatts of energy and power two water pumps that run 24___42___ (hour) a day. Before their solar farm ___43___ (build), the people of Kiunga had to travel up to one hour a day just to get access to clean drinking water.

“Just $20 provides clean, healthy, fresh water for one person for___44___entire decade!” GivePower Foundation wrote on Instagram ___45___ (proud).

【36~45题答案】

【答案】36. polluted    37. that##which    38. has provided##has been providing   

39. into    40. to run    41. its    42. hours    43. was built    44. an    45. proudly

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了一家非盈利公司GivePower帮助肯尼亚的Kiunga地区的人们解决用水问题的事迹。

【36题详解】

考查形容词。句意：肯尼亚Kiunga的人民多年来一直被迫在肮脏的污水中饮水、做饭和洗澡。空处用形容词作定语，表示“被污染的”，用polluted符合题意。故填polluted。

【37题详解】

考查定语从句。句意：2018年，为最需要太阳能的地区提供太阳能解决方案的非营利组织GivePower安装了首个太阳能水场，到目前为止，每天都为3000人提供清洁水。分析句子可知，空处缺少关系词引导定语从句，先行词为a nonprofit organization，作后面从句的主语，且表示物，用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。故填that/which。

【38题详解】

考查动词时态。句意同上。分析句子可知，空处缺少and后面句子的谓语，根据so far可知，句子为现在完成时，如果强调过程一直进行，用现在完成进行时。故填has provided/has been providing。

【39题详解】

考查介词。 句意：太阳能水场通过先进的过滤系统将印度洋的海水转化为清洁的饮用水。turn…into…（把……转变成……），固定短语。故填into。

【40题详解】

考查非谓语动词。 句意：主要问题是水厂的运行成本很高，然而太阳能电池板帮助解决了这个问题。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少不定式作状语，cost a lot to run意思为：运行成本很高。故填to run。

【41题详解】

考查代词。 句意：GivePower的太阳能水场利用太阳能电池板生产太阳能。空处作定语，用形容词性物主代词its。it为人称代词。故填its。

【42题详解】

考查名词。句意：它们能够产生50千瓦的能量，并为两个24小时运行的水泵提供动力。24后搭配可数名词复数形式。故填hours。

【43题详解】

考查动词时态语态。句意：在他们的太阳能农场建成之前，Kiunga的人们每天要走一小时的路才能获得干净的饮用水。Before引导时间状语从句，从句缺少谓语，build和farm为动宾关系，此处用被动语态，且根据had to可知，句子为一般过去时，此处用一般过去时的被动语态。主语solar farm为单数。故填was built。

【44题详解】

考查冠词。句意：“只要20美元就可以为一个人提供整整十年的清洁、健康、新鲜的水！”GivePower基金会在Instagram上自豪地写道。空格后decade是可数名词单数形式，此处表示泛指，entire为元音音素开始发音，用不定冠词an。故填an。

【45题详解】

考查副词。句意同上。空处修饰动词wrote，用副词作状语。故填proudly。

第三部分  写作（共两节, 满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

46. 九月一日为全民健康生活方式日。为了改善目前学生中不健康的学习生活方式，你校英语报举办英语征文，请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：

1.描述现状；

2.给出建议；

3.发出呼吁。

注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

全民健康生活方式日National Healthy Lifestyle Day

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】参考范文

With College Entrance Examination approaching, many of us are under much pressure and therefore have developed an unhealthy lifestyle, which is extremely harmful to our health.

It is high time that we took action to say no to the unhealthy lifestyle. We are supposed to reasonably distribute our time of study and rest, as a result of which we are able to maintain an energetic state. Additionally, it is recommended that physical exercise, an excellent way of relieving pressure, be scheduled.

Keeping healthy is the key to our success. Let’s take action now!

【解析】

【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就如何改善目前学生中不健康的学习生活方式写一篇短文投稿。

【详解】1.词汇积累

临近：approach→draw near

对……有害：be harmful to→do harm to

采取措施：take action→take measures

除此以外：additionally→in addition

2.句式拓展

简单句变复合句

原句：Keeping healthy is the key to our success.

拓展句：There is no doubt that keeping healthy is the key to our success.

【点睛】【高分句型1】With College Entrance Examination approaching, many of us are under much pressure and therefore have developed an unhealthy lifestyle, which is extremely harmful to our health. （运用了with复合结构以及which引导的非限制性定语从句）

【高分句型2】Additionally, it is recommended that physical exercise, an excellent way of relieving pressure, be scheduled.（运用了形式主语it引导的主语从句以及虚拟语气）

第二节（满分25分）

    阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。

“Wake up, Mom!” I felt a little hand on my face and reluctantly opened my eyes. There was my son, ready to start the day. I also heard my babies awake in the next room. Ready or not, the day had begun!

I loved being home with my little ones, but I felt the weight of the world on my shoulders. My husband and I had just bought a house, and some unexpected expenses made our budget tighter than it had ever been. I was weary of spending more pennies. We weren’t foolish with our money. We worked hard. We were doing all the right things, but we had had one financial disappointment after another.

I was going to pick up my kids’ photo portraits from the studio at the local mall. Despite our small budget, it was important to me to have pictures of my children as they were growing up. The previous week, I had found a coupon (优惠券) and used some change from the car to buy a $7.99 portrait package, and today was the day I was to pick up the portraits. Since we were going to the mall, I decided to make it an outing and packed some sandwiches for us to eat at the food court. What’s more, there are many ride-on toy cars in the mall’s food court for fun and for free.

After breakfast, we went off. After we parked, we walked into the portrait studio at the mall, and I approached the counter. The young woman smiled.

“May I help you?”

“Yes, I’m here to pick up our photos.”

The woman asked my name and opened her drawer. “Ah, yes, here they are. Aren’t they just so adorable?” She took out the photos, and the smiling faces of my kids warmed my heart.

“Yes, they are great. Thank you,” I said.

She put the photos into an envelope. Then she spread out additional photos of my kids that I hadn’t ordered. I knew what that meant. The upsell pitch (推销) was coming.

“Would you like to purchase these extra portraits? They are only fifteen dollars apiece!” she smiled sweetly.

注意：

1. 续写词数应为150左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

My heart turned cold. “I don’t have fifteen dollars.”

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

As we were having our lunch, the young woman came up and pressed something into my hand.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】One possible version:

My heart turned cold. “I don’t have fifteen dollars.” I took the photo envelope and walked away, with my cheeks red after my reply. Next, we stopped at the ride-on toy cars in the mall’s food court. There weren’t any other kids there. My kids climbed on them enjoying themselves very much. After a while, we were tired so we unwrapped our lunches that I had brought from home. Although the mall’s food court was near, I didn’t have extra money. It was early for lunch, but we were hungry.

As we were hawing our lunch, the young woman came up and pressed something into my hand. She said, “Here. Take your family out for ice cream after lunch.” I was surprised. I managed to say “thank you” as she turned and walked away. Then I looked down at what she had given me. The bills totaled fifteen dollars. Tears rolled down my cheeks as I quietly finished my sandwich. The doubts in my heart melted away and my faith was renewed. Kindness can change someone’s dark moment into a bright one.

【解析】

【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和丈夫刚买了一套房子，一些意料之外的开支使他们的预算比以往任何时候都要紧张，作者带孩子们去当地商场的摄影棚里拿孩子们的肖像照的故事。

【详解】1.段落续写：

①由第一段首句内容“我的心凉了。‘我没有15美元。’”可知，第一段可描写作者没有钱买多余的肖像，带着孩子在商场玩耍的过程。

②由第二段首句内容“当我们正在吃午饭的时候，那个年轻女人走过来，把什么东西塞到我手里。”可知，第二段可描写肖像画室里的年轻女人送给作者一些东西，以此来帮助作者和她的孩子们。

2.续写线索：拒绝购买多余的肖像——带着孩子离开——带孩子们在商场玩耍——吃午餐——年轻女人送给作者一些东西————两人进行简短交流——感悟

3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达）

行为类

①走开：walk away /go away

②玩得开心：enjoy oneself/have a good time

③改变：change/ transform

情绪类

①累的：tired/sweatful

②吃惊的：surprised/amazed

【点睛】[高分句型1] My kids climbed on them enjoying themselves very much. (运用了现在分词作状语)

[高分句型2] Although the mall’s food court was near, I didn’t have extra money. (运用了although引导让步状语从句)

[高分句型3] I managed to say “thank you” as she turned and walked away. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句)