语法专题四 数词-中考语法一点通

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语法专题四、数词考点1：基数词（1）数字的读法与汉语中的数字四位为一单位不同的是，英语中的数字将每三位数看作一个单位，并且通常用逗号隔开。从右向左看，每隔三位划一逗号，倒数第一个逗号之前要读thousand（千），倒数第二个逗号之前要读million（百万），倒数第三的逗号之前要读billion（十亿），倒数第四个逗号前读trillion(万亿)。每一个单位都按照百、十、个位向下读，其中百位（hundred）和十位之间要加入and,都是零的单位不用读。         729 读作 seven hundred and twenty nine.         155,721 读作 one hundred and fifty five thousand seven hundred and twenty one.         6,155,721读six million one hundred and fifty five thousand seven hundred and twenty one         26,000,008读作 twenty six million and eight         6,500,431,729读作 six billion five hundred million four hundred and thirty one thousand seven hundred and twenty nine.（2）hundred，thousand， million，billion，前面有具体数字时，这些单位词保持原形不变，后面不加s 和of；如果没有具体数字， 后面必须加s 和of，表示概数。【助记口诀】“有数字，没s没of；没数字，有s有of”         five hundred (五百)， hundreds of(成百上千的)         ten thousand(一万)，thousands of(成千上万的)         100 million（一千万），millions of（好几百万的）(2022·江苏省宿迁市·历年真题)—People in our town planted ________ trees on Tree Planting Day.—Good job! Everyone can do something to make our town greener.A. hundred B. hundred of C. hundreds D. hundreds of （3）问人口有多少？疑问词用what。形容人口多少要用large（多），small（少）。         What is the population of China? About 1.4 billion.中国人口有多少？大约14亿。（翻译时注意中英文数字单位的转换）（4） 时间的读法顺读法： 点钟＋分钟 从左向右直接读数字           2：05  two five 两点零五            3：50  three fifty 三点五十逆读法：① 分钟 ≤ 30，用“past”：分钟 ＋ past ＋ 点钟  (几点过几分)         4：15  four fifteen / a quarter past four 　四点十五         6：30  half past six ＝ thirty past six  六点半② 分钟＞ 30分钟，用“to”：分钟(60－分钟数) ＋ to ＋(点钟＋1) (差几分到下一点钟)         7：40  twenty to eight 差20分到8点钟         8：45  a quarter to nine ＝ fifteen to nine 差一刻（15分钟）到9点钟③ 整点钟的表达 ：点钟 ＋ o'clock。           9：00  nine o'clock 九点(钟)(5) 编号的表达  名词＋基数词 ＝ the＋序数词＋名词         Lesson One ＝ the first lesson 第一课         Page 11=the eleventh page 第11页         Class 6 Grade 9 九年级六班（年级和班级也都是按照顺序排的） 考点2 序数词（6） 序数词表示顺序，前面一般有定冠词“the” 或物主代词、名词所有格等限定词修饰，后面一般接名词单数。         The library in our school is on the fifth floor. 我们学校图书馆在五楼。         Next Sunday is my eighteenth birthday. I will be 18 years old.下周日是我18岁生日。我就要18岁了。（注意两个18岁的不同表达）（“某人几岁的生日”中的数词要用序数词，因为生日是按顺序过的。表示岁数或者在多少岁的时候用基数词，常见词组at the age of+基数词。）(2021·四川省达州市·历年真题)My mother will be ______ years old next week. I'm planning to buy a gift for her ______ birthday.A. fourty; fourtieth B. forty; fortiethC. fourty; fortieth D. forty; fourtieth 【注意】序数词的前面也可以出现不定冠词“a / an ＋ 序数词”表示：又一，再一，强调数量上的增加(表示泛指)         I have read the books twice，but I want to read them a third time.我已经读了这本书两遍了，我想再读第三遍。         Mr Smith has three children. Helen is the third one.史密斯先生有三个孩子。海伦是第三个。 （7）基数词变序数词的规律口诀基变序，有规律；1, 2, 3特殊记（first, second, third）  加-th从4起; 8少t，9少e（eighth, ninth） 逢5逢12， ve变f（fifth, twelfth） 20到90， y变ie，再加-th（twentieth, ninetieth） 若是几十几，前基后序别倒位（第九十一ninety-first, 91st） （8）英语日期的表达方式英式日期格式：日月，年。1st October, 1949 或1 October, 1949（英式）读作：the first of October, nineteen forty-nine.美式日期格式：月日，年。October 1st, 1949 或October 1, 1949（美式）读作：October the first, nineteen forty-nine.日期读法规律："月份"一般直接用英语读出；"日"则要读成"the 序数词"；年份，一 般分为两个单位来读， 前两个数为一个单位，后两个数为一个单位。【注意】(1~100数字必须会写;12个月份必须牢记;“日”用序;”年”用基）① 年份必须完全写明，例如，不可用"08代替2008;② 月份必须用英文拼写或公认的简写。简写规律请记清，除了五六七月用全称，其他月份均取前3个字母后加点.。January(Jan.),February(Feb.),March(Mar.),April(Apr.),May,June,July,August(Aug.),September (Sept.), October (Oct.), November (Nov.), December (Dec.)③ 日期可用序数词，如：1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th …；也可用基数词，如：1，2，3，4，……。 ④ 在年份和月日之间必须用逗号隔开。 考点3 分数（9）分数的表达：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1，分母＋s。例如：五分之一 one fifth; 三分之二 two thirds; 四分之三three fourths/three quarters（10）分数做主语时的主谓一致问题分数短语在句中做主语时谓语和它修饰或指代的名词保持一致。指代可数名词复数时，谓语动词用复数形式；指代可数名词单数或者不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：         Two thirds of the students in my class are boy students. 我们班三分之二的同学都是男生。         Two thirds of the work has been finished.三分之二的工作已经被完成了。(2021·贵州省黔东南苗族侗族自治州·历年真题)About ______ of the students in Kaili ______ to school by bus.A. two fifth; go B. two fifths; goC. two fifth; goes D. two fifths; goes              中考语法—数词专项练习（共计50小题，每小题2分，总分100分。）    Yancheng Nature Reserve is the ____ home ____ red-crowned cranes in China.A. second largest; for B. second largest; toC. largest; for D. largest; to     The apartment has ________ floors and Mr Green lives on the ________ floor.A. twelfth; twelfth B. twelve; twelfthC. twelfth; twelve D. twelve; twentieth     There are only nine chairs. We need ________.A. three B. three more C. more three D. another    —Excuse me, what’s the time now?— It’s 8:45.—You mean “__________”?A. a quarter to nine B. a quarter to eightC. a quarter past eight D. a quarter past nine     Basketball is so exciting that _____________people play it for fun in the world.A. million of        B. two millions        C. millions of     My mother will be ______ years old next week. I'm planning to buy a gift for her ______ birthday.A. fourty; fourtieth B. forty; fortiethC. fourty; fortieth D. forty; fourtieth              ​​​​​​​ of the land is covered with forests.A. Three quarter B. Three quarters C. Third quarters     We gave away____books to the school library last year． A. six thousands B. six thousandC. six thousands of D. six thousand of     Wang Yaping becomes ______ female astronaut to work in China's space station.A. one          B. first            C. the first Kunming, has grown about_____bigger than it was 100 years ago.A. five time B. five times C. fifth time D. fifth times .—I hear that you've got a "library" at home． —Yes．I've already had_________ books．A. hundred of B. hundreds of C. five hundreds D. five hundred of—Dear, how is your homework going?—Oh, mom, I've just finished ______ of it.A. second three B. two third C. second threes D. two thirds—Dad, about ______ of our classmates wear glasses.—Oh, that's terrible. You all should take good care of your eyes.A. three fourth B. third fourth C. third fourths D. three quarters—People in our town planted ________ trees on Tree Planting Day.—Good job! Everyone can do something to make our town greener.A. hundred B. hundred of C. hundreds D. hundreds of—What do you think of the environment here?—Wonderful! ________ of the land ________ covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifths; is B. Two fifth; is C. Two fifths; are D. Two fifth; are -I have been to Mount Fanjin three times. What about you？-I have been there three times, too. And I would like to visit it a_____time. A. three B. third C. four D. fourth—___is the population of China，Jack？—Let me think for a moment， it is about___．A. How many；1，400 million B. What；1，400 millionC. What；140 million D. How many；140 million About ______ of the students in Kaili ______ to school by bus.A. two fifth; go B. two fifths; goC. two fifth; goes D. two fifths; goes——A recent survey shows that 35 out of 45 students in my class will save their phones first in a fire.——About ______ of the students made such a choice? Life is far more important, isn't it?A. half B. one third C. two thirds D. three quarters There are ______ people in Dale's family. They live on the ______ floor.A. five; nine B. fifth; nine C. five; ninth D. fifth; ninth—How many hours do you sleep every night?—About           hours. From 9:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m.A. nine B. nineteen C. ninth D. ninety We all know that ______ birds fly to Dongting Lake in winter.A. million B. millions C. millions of ______ the teachers in the school is one hundred, and ______ of them are women teachers.A. A number of; four fifth B. The number of; four fifthC. A number of; four fifths D. The number of; four fifths The new bridge is           ​​​​​​​ metres long.A. six hundred, fifty and five B. six hundreds and fifty-fiveC. six hundred, fifty-five D. six hundred and fifty-five— It's easy to travel from Beijing to Shanghai by taking the high-speed railway.—Yes, it's about           ​​​​​​​.A. eight hours ride B. eight hour's rideC. eight-hours ride D. eight hours' ride There are _____floors in the building．We live on______floor．A. the ninth；the ninth B. the ninth；nineC. nine；the ninth D. nine；nine—We should try to devote（献身于）ourselves to our country like Yuan Longping.—I think so. He still worked on the research into agriculture（农业）at the age of ______.A. eighties B. eightiethC. eighty D. eighty-year-old—What's twenty and fifty?—It's           ​​​​​​​.A. fifty B. seventy C. eighty D. ninety—Tina, what do you often have for breakfast? —I usually eat ______ and drink some milk.A. two breads B. two piece of breadsC. two pieces of bread —Would you like to have _____ apples? —No, thank you. I'm full.A. other two B. another two C. more two D. two others— Many young people came to Shenzhen in ______.— Yes. My father was one of them. He came here in his ______.A. 1990s, twenties B. 1990s, twentyC. the 1990s, twenties D. the 1990s, twentieth More than 85 ______ of the students in our school ______ from Beihai.A. percent; comes B. percent; comeC. percents; comes D. percents; come Great changes happened in China ____________.A. in the 1980s B. in the 1980 C. in 1980s D. on the 1980—You look tired today!—You know we have too much homework to do every day. ______ of the students in our class don't have enough sleep.A. Two third B. Two thirds C. Second three D. Two three                ​​​​​​​ of the students in Class 6 have lunch at school.A. Two fifth B. One thirds C. Three fifth D. Three quarters—Excuse me, sir. Here's a package for Lin Tao. Which room does he live in?—______.A. 308 Room B. Room 308 C. The Room 308 D. The 308 Room The Dragon Boat Festival was ______ this year.A. June the ninth B. nine, June C. the ninth July D. nine, July A quarter to four is ______．A. 3：15     B. 3：45     C. 4：15 He has failed        times，but he won't give up a         chance． A. third，four       B. three，fourth    C. third，fourth ---How do you say "1：57" in English？ ---It's   ________.A. three past two B. fifty-seven past oneC. three to one D. three to two There are 24 solar terms in a year．Grain Rain often starts in April．The ____ month of the year.A. third           B. fourth         C. fifth -- How long is the Hong Kong-zhuhai-Macao Bridge?    -- About __________. And it is the world’s longest sea bridge .A. 55-kilometer-long B. 55-kilometers longC. 55 kilometers long D. 55 kilometer long _________ of the students in our class __________boys.A. Two three; are B. Two third; are C. Two thirds; are D. Two thirds; is There are about three ________students in our school.A. thousands B. thousands of C. thousand D. thousand of Nowadays，_____birds fly to the warm south in winter. A. million B. millions C. two millions D. millions of          of the coats           made of cotton. They feel comfortable.A. Two-thirds; is B. Two-thirds; areC. Two-third; is D. Two –third; areMeimei is going to be an older sister. Her parents are planning to have their ______ child.​A. one B. two C. first D. second ______ month of the year is May.A. Two B. The second C. Five D. The fifth  ---Do you think China has the______population in the world？---Yes, and it is also______country.A. most；the third biggest B. biggest；the third biggestC. most；a third biggest D. biggest；a third biggest—______ is the population of this city？—Eight _______，I think .A. How; millions B. How much; millionsC. How; million D. What; million.