2.10 完形填空之议论文(含PPT)-备战中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力双清(通用版)

这是一份2.10 完形填空之议论文(含PPT)-备战中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力双清(通用版)，文件包含01完形填空之议论文要点讲解-备战中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力双清通用版pptx、02完形填空之议论文要点精练-备战中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力双清通用版docx等2份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共33页， 欢迎下载使用。

完形填空之议论文重难知识点复习
议论文文体特点
论点（提出问题，即what）
论据 （分析问题，即why）
论证（ 解决问题，即how）
议论文文体特点
在文章的一开始就提出论点，然后再通过具 体的论据去说明论点，论据有时候既可以是正面的论据，也有 反面的论据，最后总结全文
先通过叙述生活中的一件具体的事情或描述生活中的现象，然后根据事情或现象所反映的问题提出自己的论点，再用具体的论据去说明自己的论点。
在文章的一开始仅仅是列举生活中的现象，不表明自己的观点，而是通过对具体现象的分析，自然得出结论，这种结论往往就是作者的论点。
观点-论证-总结
导入--观点---论证
论证---结论
议论文文体特点
不同于记叙文的生动形象，也不同于说明文的简单易懂，议论文的语言是客观的，抽象的，概括的，同时也很准确，合乎逻辑。
读文技巧
在做题之前，考生一定要花2～3分钟的时间对整篇文章进行快速浏览。通读的目的是掌握文章结构模式，了解作者的论点，论据及论证。
议论文示例
If you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why. Do you need it for a ___36_____ reason, such as your job or your studies?___37____ perhaps you’re interested in the ___38____ ,films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a ___39____ of the language.Most people learn best using a variety of ___40____, but traditional classes are an ideal（理想的）start for many people. They ___41___ an environment where you can practice under the ___42___ of someone who’s good at the language. We all lead ___43___ lives and learning a language takes __44___. You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a ___45___. It doesn’t matter if you haven’t got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years, but learning to get by takes __46____.
36.A. technical B. political C. practical D. physical37. A. After B. So C. Though D. Or38.A literature B. transport C. agriculture D. medicine39.A view B. knowledge C. form D. database40.A paintings B. regulations C. methods D. computers41.A. protect B. change C. respect D. provide42.A. control B. command C. guidance D. pressure43.A. busy B. happy C. simple D. normal44.A. courage B. time C. energy D. place45.A. theory B. business C. routine D. project46.A. some risks B. a lot less C. some notes D. a lot more
议论文示例
Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “I’m too __47___,” they say. Yes, children do learn languages more __48___ than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any ___49___. And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. I’ve also heard people ___50___ about the mistakes they make when ___51___. Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes __52____ you’re much less likely to make them again.Learning a new language is never ___53___. But with some work and devotion, you’ll make progress. And you’ll be ___54____ by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in ___55___ own language. Good luck!
47.A. old B. nervous C. weak D. tired48.A. closely B. quickly C. privately D. quietly49.A. age B. speed C. distance D. school50.A. worry B. hesitate C. think D. quarrel51.A. singing B. working C. bargaining D. learning52.A. if B. and C. but D. before53.A. tiresome B. hard C. interesting D. easy54.A. blamed B. amazed C. interrupted D. informed55.A. their B. his C. our D, your
读文技巧
第一步　重视首段和尾段，找准论点
在议论文类的完形填空中，作者一般在首段或尾段陈述自己的论点，所以，抓住了首段和尾段信息，就抓住了文章的论点。
读文技巧
第二步　快速浏览，理清论点、论据和结论之间的关系
快速浏览也叫“带空浏览”，要一气呵成，尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方，仍要快速读下去。读时要注意找出连接和过渡词语与结构，以便于形成思路。要注意不要在未掌握文章结构和大意的基础上，边阅读，边做题，这样速度慢、准确率低。
议论文
解题流程示范
1．重视首句，快速浏览
刚拿到这篇完形的时候，不要急着一头扎进字母组合的海洋里，一定要先扫一眼整篇文章的全貌。匆匆一眼扫去，文章总共有四段，第一句没有挖空，后面的空格基本上是分布均匀的，所以阅读时着力应相对平均。 接下来就要处理首段和尾段： 通过首段首句If you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why. 可知首段主要探讨了学习新语言的原因。由此，我们可判断此文可能要写与学习新语言相关的事情。 接着，我们阅读下文可知，正验证了我们的预测。
解题流程示范
1．重视首句，快速浏览
通过快速浏览，首先我们应该对文章的段落大意及篇章结构有所把握。第一段：学习新语言的原因第二段：学习新语言的方法第三段：学习新语言的好处第四段：得出结论：学习新语言不是容易的，但只要你努力就会取得进步。快速浏览之后，我们就很准确的找到作者的论点是在最后一段。本文的结构为总分结构。
解题流程示范
2．边读边做，逐个突破
If you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why. Do you need it for a ___36_____ reason, such as your job or your studies?
36.A. technical B. political C. practical D. physical
【示例分析】
解析
考查形容词。句内层次题，利用逻辑关系解题，句中such as your job or your studies是对空格部分的解释，故C项 “实际的，实用的”符合句意。
Do you need it for a ___36_____ reason, such as your job or your studies?___37____ perhaps you’re interested in the ___38____ ,films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a ___39____ of the language.
37. A. After B. So C. Though D. Or
解析
考查连词。句组层次题，利用逻辑关系解题。本句与前一句Do you need it for a ___36_____ reason, such as your job or your studies?之间为并列选择关系，故用or表示选择。
___37____ perhaps you’re interested in the ___38____ ,films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a ___39____ of the language.
38．A literature B. transport C. agriculture D. medicine
解析
考查名词。句内层次题，利用上下文语境解题。该空格应该和后面的film和music是同一类的事物，故A项“文学”符合语境。
___37____ perhaps you’re interested in the ___38____ ,films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a ___39____ of the language.
39.A view B. knowledge C. form D. database
解析
考查名词。语篇层次题，利用固定搭配解题。have a knowledge of 为固定搭配，表示“精通，掌握”。
Most people learn best using a variety of ___40____, but traditional classes are an ideal（理想的）start for many people.
40.A paintings B. regulations C. methods D. computers
解析
考查名词。句内层次题，利用逻辑关系解题。but后说传统的课堂学习是一种理想的开始方法，所以该空应该是说大家用“各种方法”去学习，故C项“方法”符合语境。
41.A. protect B. change C. respect D. provide
Most people learn best using a variety of ___40____, but traditional classes are an ideal（理想的）start for many people. They ___41___ an environment where you can practice under the ___42___ of someone who’s good at the language.
解析
考查动词。句组层次题，利用上下文语境解题。首先通过上下文可知此处代词“they”指的是前文中的traditional classes，因此可推知它们是“提供”给人们学习的环境，故D项正确。
42.A. control B. command C. guidance D. pressure
Most people learn best using a variety of ___40____, but traditional classes are an ideal（理想的）start for many people. They ___41___ an environment where you can practice under the ___42___ of someone who’s good at the language.
解析
考查名词。语内层次题，利用逻辑关系解题。本句中who’s good at the language. 为定语从句修饰someone，表示“擅长这种语言的人”，由此可推知此处应是“在擅长这种语言的人的指导下”，故D项“指导”符合语境。
43.A. busy B. happy C. simple D. normal
We all lead ___43___ lives and learning a language takes __44___. You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a ___45___. It doesn’t matter if you haven’t got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years, but learning to get by takes __46____.
解析
考查形容词。句组层次题，利用上下文语境解题。根据下文的study regularly,It doesn’t matter if you haven’t got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years可推知此处谈论的是学习语言需要时间，因此此处应是过着繁忙的生活，故A项“繁忙的”符合句意。
44.A. courage B. time C. energy D. place
We all lead ___43___ lives and learning a language takes __44___. You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a ___45___. It doesn’t matter if you haven’t got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years, but learning to get by takes __46____.
解析
考查名词。句组层次题，利用上下文语境解题。根据下文中的Becoming fluent in a language will take years, 可知此处应指的是学习语言需要时间，故B项正确。
45.A. theory B. business C. routine D. project
We all lead ___43___ lives and learning a language takes __44___. You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a ___45___. It doesn’t matter if you haven’t got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years, but learning to get by takes __46____.
解析
考查名词。句内层次题，利用上下文语境解题。根据上文中的if you study regularly可知，此处应是“养成一种日常行为”故C项“常规”符合句意。
46.A. some risks B. a lot less C. some notes D. a lot more
We all lead ___43___ lives and learning a language takes __44___. You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a ___45___. It doesn’t matter if you haven’t got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years, but learning to get by takes __46____.
解析
考查动词。句内层次题，利用逻辑关系解题。前半句说流利地掌握一种语言需要花费几年的时间，根据转折词but可知空格处应与几年的时间相反，强调时间短，故B项正确。
47.A. old B. nervous C. weak D. tired
Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “I’m too __47___,” they say. Yes, children do learn languages more __48___ than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any ___49___. And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. I’ve also heard people ___50___ about the mistakes they make when ___51___. Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes __52____ you’re much less likely to make them again.
解析
考查形容词。句组层次题，利用上下文语境解题。根据下文Yes, children do learn languages more __48___ than adults,可知此处应是许多人放弃学习新语言是因为他们觉得自己年龄“太大”了，故A项正确。
48.A. closely B. quickly C. privately D. quietly
Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “I’m too __47___,” they say. Yes, children do learn languages more __48___ than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any ___49___. And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. I’ve also heard people ___50___ about the mistakes they make when ___51___. Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes __52____ you’re much less likely to make them again.
解析
考查副词。句组层次题，利用上下文语境解题。根据上文中的。Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “I’m too old可推知，此处应指小孩学语言比成年人快，故B项“很快地”符合句意。
49.A. age B. speed C. distance D. school
Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “I’m too __47___,” they say. Yes, children do learn languages more __48___ than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any ___49___. And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. I’ve also heard people ___50___ about the mistakes they make when ___51___. Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes __52____ you’re much less likely to make them again.
解析
考查名词。句内层次题，利用逻辑关系解题。根据前半句学习新语言时，孩子的确学的比成年人快，可知but后应是用来说服人们不要因年纪大而放弃学习新语言的，所以此处应是在任何年龄都可以学习语言，故A项正确。
50.A. worry B. hesitate C. think D. quarrel
Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “I’m too __47___,” they say. Yes, children do learn languages more __48___ than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any ___49___. And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. I’ve also heard people ___50___ about the mistakes they make when ___51___. Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes __52____ you’re much less likely to make them again.
解析
考查动词。句内层次题，利用上下文语境解题。根据下文中的Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes 可知空格处应是“担心”，故A项正确。
51.A. singing B. working C. bargaining D. learning
Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “I’m too __47___,” they say. Yes, children do learn languages more __48___ than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any ___49___. And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. I’ve also heard people ___50___ about the mistakes they make when ___51___. Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes __52____ you’re much less likely to make them again.
解析
考查动词。语组层次题，本段一直在探讨的是学习新语言的问题，故此处应是人们担心学习语言时犯错误，故D项正确。
52.A. if B. and C. but D. before
Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “I’m too __47___,” they say. Yes, children do learn languages more __48___ than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any ___49___. And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. I’ve also heard people ___50___ about the mistakes they make when ___51___. Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes __52____ you’re much less likely to make them again.
解析
考查连词。语法题，本题考查“祈使句+and+陈述句”这个句型。
53.A. tiresome B. hard C. interesting D. easy
Learning a new language is never ___53___. But with some work and devotion, you’ll make progress. And you’ll be ___54____ by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in ___55___ own language. Good luck!
解析
考查形容词。句组层次题，利用逻辑关系解题。根据下句中的But with some work and devotion, you’ll make progress.可知，此处应是学习一种新语言绝对是不容易的事情，故D项正确。
54.A. blamed B. amazed C. interrupted D. informed
Learning a new language is never ___53___. But with some work and devotion, you’ll make progress. And you’ll be ___54____ by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in ___55___ own language. Good luck!
解析
考查动词。句内层次题，利用上下文语境解题。根据空后的he positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words 可知，此处应是感到惊讶，故B项正确。
55.A. their B. his C. our D, your
解析
考查形容词性物主代词。句内层次题，利用上下文语境解题。此处的代词应与前面的some people保持一致，故A项正确。
Learning a new language is never ___53___. But with some work and devotion, you’ll make progress. And you’ll be ___54____ by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in ___55___ own language. Good luck!
3．复读全文，调整答案
解题流程示范