初中英语牛津译林版八年级上册Grammar教学课件ppt
展开Unit 6 Birdwatching Grammar
设计说明 首先通过一些课文原句的复习导入到本课时语法——动词不定式作目的状语的用法和“动词+宾语+动词不定式to do”结构。通过图片描述进一步了解动词不定式作目的状语的用法和“动词+宾语+动词不定式to do”的结构,并通过对应练习检验所学语法知识。 教学目标 通过本课节的教学,让学生达成以下目标: 1.知识目标 掌握词汇:write down 2.能力目标 (1)掌握“动词+宾语+动词不定式to do”结构。 (2)学习用动词不定式to do 和in order to 表示目的。 3.情感目标 让学生感受语言的趣味性,同时培养他们学习英语的兴趣。 重点难点 重点:(1)掌握“动词+宾语+动词不定式to do”结构; (2)学习用动词不定式to do 和in order to表示目的。 难点:(1)掌握“动词+宾语+动词不定式to do”结构; (2)学习用动词不定式to do 和in order to表示目的。 教学准备 PPT 课件。 授课时数 1课时 教学过程 Step 1 Lead-in Ask the students to answer the following questions to link up Grammar. 1. Why do people build Zhalong Nature Reserve? 2. Why do many tourists go to Zhalong every year? 3. Why do the members of the Birdwatching Society go to Zhalong once a year? 4. Why has the Chinese government made laws? Answers: 1. People build Zhalong Nature Reserve to protect wildlife. 2. Every year many tourists go to Zhalong to watch the birds. 3. They go there to study the birds. 4. The Chinese government has made laws to prevent all these things in Zhalong. Step 2 Grammar 动词不定式作目的状语 1.动词不定式作目的状语 (1)动词不定式作目的状语, 主要用来修饰动词, 表示某一动作或状态的目的。为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时,还可以在前面加 in order,即in order to do sth.。 He gets up very early every day to get to school on time. 他每天很早起床以便按时到校。 He eats more fruit and vegetables in order to keep healthy. 为了保持健康,他吃更多的水果和蔬菜。 (2)in order to引导目的状语,既可以置于句中,也可以置于句首;它的否定形式为in order not to。 They started early in order to get there in time. =In order to get there in time, they started early. 为了及时赶到那里,他们很早就出发了。 I wrote it down in order not to forget.为了不忘记,我把它写下来了。 2.动词不定式的复合结构作目的状语。当动词不定式有自己的执行者时,要用动词不定式的复合结构(在动词不定式之前加“for+名词/宾格代词”)作状语。 He opened the door for the children to come in. 他打开门让孩子们进来。 3.目的状语从句与动词不定式的转换。在英语中,目的状语从句还可以转换为动词不定式作状语, 从而使句子在结构上得以简化。 (1)当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同时,可以直接简化为动词不定式作状语。 We’ll start early in order that/so that we may arrive in time. =We’ll start early (in order)to arrive in time. 为了可以及时到达, 我们会很早出发。 (2)当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语不相同时,要用动词不定式的复合结构作状语。 I came early in order that you might read my report before the meeting. =I came early for you to read my report before the meeting. 我早来是为了让你在会议之前读到我的报告。 Step 3 Practice Ask students to finish the exercises on page 73. 1 People go to Zhalong ________ a to take photos of the birds. 2 They should read about________ b to study the birds in the wetlands the birds first 3 Most People take a camera________ c to watch the birds. 4 The Birdwtching Society goes________ d to learn more about them. Answers: c d a b Step 4 Grammar 动词不定式充当宾语补足语时, 表示的是宾语所发出的动作或用来表示宾语的状态、特性、身份等。其否定形式是在动词不定式前加上not。 The teacher wants us to become good pupils. 老师想让我们成为好学生。 I didn’t expect you to arrive here so soon. 我没有料到你会这么快到这里。 I asked my mother not to buy fur coats any more. 我叫妈妈不要再买毛皮大衣。 【拓展】 ①谓语动词如果是使役动词 make, let, have或感官动词(短语) see, hear, watch, notice, observe, feel, look at, listen to等,后面复合结构中的动词不定式去掉to。但在被动语态中to不可省略。 They made the boy go to bed early.他们让那个男孩早睡。 I don’t want to let him come in.我不想让他进来。 ②在一些感官动词后面既可以用现在分词,又可以用动词不定式构成复合结构,但两者有差别。现在分词表示的动作正在发生,动词不定式表示的动作经常发生或已结束。 He saw the girl singing. 他看见那个女孩正在唱歌。 He saw the girl sing. 他看见那个女孩唱歌了。 ③help后作宾语补足语的动词不定式可加to也可不加to。 I’ll help you (to) carry the box.我将会帮助你搬这个箱子。 Step 5 Practice Ask students to finish the exercises on page 74. (1) Mr Wu _______ us _______ a pair of comfortable shoes because we would have to walk a long way. (ask/wear) (2) We _______ some birds _______ in the trees. (hear/sing) (3) Mr Wu _______ us _______ the birds carefully. (tell/watch) (4) He also _______ us _______ the birds. (want/describe) (5) He _______ us _______ in the wetlands. (advise/not shout) (6) The cold weather _______ some birds _______ south for the winter. (make/fly) (7) The trip _______ us _______ more about wildlife. (help/learn) Answers: (1) asked, to wear (2) heard, sing (3) told, to watch (4) wanted, to describe (5) advised, not to shout (6) made, fly (7) helped, (to) learn Step 6 Homework Review the Grammar and make some sentences with “to-infinitives for purpose” and “verbs + objects + to-infinitives”. 当堂达标 Ⅰ. 句型转换。 1. He went to the library because he wanted to borrow some books. (改为同义句) He went to the library ____________ some books. 2. She often goes to Shanghai to see her parents. (对画线部分提问) _____________ she often go to Shanghai? Ⅱ. 单项选择。 1. Father often tells me ____________ too much time on computer games. A. don’t spend B. not spend C. not to spend D. not spending 2. — Why are you so excited? — Peter invited me ____________ on a trip to Yuntai Mountain. A. to go B. go C. going D. went Ⅲ. 完成句子。 1. 当小鹤足够大的时候,她的妈妈会让她独自去觅食。 When the young crane is old enough, her mother will make _________________________________. 2. 为了飞去南方,天鹅必须要刻苦练习飞翔。 ____________ , swans must practice flying hard. Answers: Ⅰ. 1. in order to borrow 2. Why does Ⅱ. 1.C 2.A Ⅲ. 1. her look for food alone 2.To fly to the south 板书设计
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