高考英语新材料仿真模拟押题卷（全国乙卷）03

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高考英语新材料仿真模拟押题卷03（全国乙卷）
全解全析
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What will the man do on Friday?
A．Give a lecture. B．Attend a lecture. C．Work on his novel.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Friday’s lecture is supposed to be wonderful. Do you want to go?
M: I’d like to, but I’ve got to write my novel.
2．Why has the man bought the coats?
A．It’ll be a cold winter. B．He’ll have an interview. C．His arm and leg hurt.
【答案】A
【原文】W: The forecast says we’ll have a severe winter. Are you prepared?
M: Yes. I’ve bought two very warm coats. They cost me an arm and a leg.
3．How does the man advise the woman to travel?
A．By car. B．By underground. C．By plane.
【答案】B
【原文】W: My car has broken down. Could you give me a ride to the art museum?
M: Henry is using my car now. Why not take the subway?
4．Who is in charge of the Europe department?
A．Mr. Brown. B．The man. C．The woman.
【答案】A
【原文】M: What are you reading?
W: The year-end report.
M: The report says all departments are making a profit except the Europe department.
W: Well, Mr Brown seems to be the wrong person to head that department.
5．Where are the speakers most probably?
A．At the visitors’ center. B．In a school. C．On the school bus.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Let’s go and show the students around the campus.
M: Why?
W: What do you mean?
M: Doesn’t the visitors’ center offer a wonderful bus tour?
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。
6．What does the woman think of traveling by plane?
A．It’s inconvenient. B．It’s too expensive. C．It saves money.
7．How are the speakers going to New York?
A．By air. B．By water. C．By land.
【答案】6．B    7．C
【原文】W: Honey, how are we going to New York? Have you decided yet?
M: Not yet. Should we fly? It can save us a lot of time.
W: But it’s too costly. What about renting a car?
M: You don’t know how to drive. I’ll get too tired if I drive all the time.
W: Then let’s take the train. We won’ miss the beautiful scenery on the way.
M: It sounds like a good idea.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。
8．Who are the intended readers for the woman’s book?
A．Adolescents. B．Adults. C．The elderly.
9．What’s the man doing?
A．Preparing for an exam.
B．Getting ready for a trip.
C．Planning for an exhibition.
【答案】8．A    9．B
【原文】M: Lisa, long time no see. What have you been busy with?
W: Well, my publisher wanted me to write a book for teenagers. I must finish it within three months. So I spend most of my time on it now.
M: Well, have you finished it?
W: Not yet. There is still one month left. And I’ve finished about three fourths of it. So I’m sure I can finish it before due time.
M: Great.
W: So are you busy with anything recently?
M: Not exactly. Actually I’m planning for a trip to New Zealand. But I can’t find anyone to go with me.
W: It’s a pity. I can’t go with you now.
下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10．Why was the woman late?
A．She went to Mary’s.
B．She had her phone fixed.
C．Her car broke clown.
11．What did Mary do?
A．She got stuck.
B．She tried to help others.
C．She made up a story.
12．What did Mary see on the road?
A．A person. B．An accident. C．An animal.
【答案】10．A    11．B    12．C
【原文】M: There you are. I’m getting worried.
W: Why didn’t you just call me?
M: I tried, but I couldn’t get through.
W: Oh, it’s powered off. Sorry, Dad. I ran into Mary and I went to hers and talked with her for a while there. She told me a story.
M: What did she tell you?
W: Well, she was driving home tonight, and she suddenly saw someone on his hands and knees in the middle of the road. She stopped the car and wanted to ask if there was anything she could do. But do you know what happened?
M: What happened?
W: The person suddenly jumped away and disappeared.
M: Wow. That person was really awesome. Did he know Chinese kung fu?
W: Well, Mary later realized it wasn’t a person. It was a deer. She couldn’t help laughing after she realized that.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13．Who told the woman something about the man?
A．Her classmate. B．Her neighbor. C．Her friend.
14．What’s the woman like?
A．Friendly. B．Shy. C．Humorous.
15．What’s the most probable relationship between the speakers?
A．Friends. B．Colleagues. C．Strangers.
16．When did the woman move?
A．About two months ago. B．About two years ago. C．About two days ago.
【答案】13．C    14．A    15．C    16．A
【原文】W: Hi, I’m Lily. You’re Owen, right?
M: Yes.
W: I heard something about you from my new friend Fanny 3 days ago. She said you’re handsome and have a good sense of humor.
M: Really? I’m really shy and a little nervous when I’m talking to a stranger.
W: So are you nervous now?
M: Yes, a little bit. I haven’t seen you before. Do you live here?
W: Yes. But I moved here just about two months ago. So I don’t really know many people here.
M: I’m sure you’ll make many friends here soon. You’re friendly, outgoing and beautiful.
W: Thanks.
M: By the way, have you heard about the robbery that took place last night?
W: No. Who got robbed?
M: The Smiths. Luckily! they didn’t lose an: valuable things but 500 dollars in cash. Anyway, such things hardly happen here. So don’t worry.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17．What courses does the school mainly offer?
A．Science. B．English. C．Business.
18．Who are the target students of the school?
A．Teenagers. B．Young kids. C．Adults.
19．Where will die exhibition be held?
A．In the school hall.
B．In the English garden.
C．In No.1 Teaching Building.
20．How can you contact the school?
A．By making a call.
B．By sending an email.
C．By writing a letter.
【答案】17．B    18．C    19．C    20．A
【原文】Welcome to Central School of English. Thank you for choosing our school and joining the happy Central School of English family which has been helping people improve their English since 1968. We offer a wide range of quality English courses in London to adults, including Everyday English! English for Business, Examination Preparation and English for Specific Purposes. We are so happy that you have taken time off to be with us today. It is with great pleasure that we have prepared some events that we hope will please you.
At 10:00 am, our headmaster will give a welcome speech. This will be in the school hall. Please be seated by 9:45 am. The speech will last for about half an hour. Following the speech is the guided tour of the exhibition at 10:45 am. Here you can see our achievements in the field of English teaching. The exhibition takes place in the classrooms on the ground floor of No. 1 Teaching Building. After the exhibition, you’ll be taken to the English garden. This is where people gather and practice their oral English. You can meet people from different countries there. Lunch will be served at 12:30 pm. We are so happy that you could be with us today. Please contact us if you have any questions or are interested in any of our classes. You can call 0044-207 580 2863.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Brooklyn Museum has accumulated one of the largest and most diverse collections in the United States. Its holdings range from the ancient to the contemporary and include almost all the world’s main cultures, reflecting the long history of art.
The Museum is committed to making its collections accessible to the widest possible audience, and this site is an important part of that process. We intend to continue to expand the number of works of art. We are making every effort to ensure that the information provided about our collection is accurate and up-to-date.
Museum Hours
Monday–Tuesday: Closed
Wednesday-Sunday: 11 am-6 pm
Masks are required.
Suggested Admission
Adults: $ 16
Students 13+: $ 10 (with I.D．)
Age 12 and under: Free
All tickets to the Museum are for timed entry in 15 minutes. We strongly recommend purchasing tickets in advance. A limited number of tickets are reserved for same-day purchase at the Museum each day.
Collection
You'll find a wealth of information about many of the objects in our rich holdings. We hope these pages will inspire you to explore further—both here and in our galleries.
For a variety of reasons, including conservation concerns and the lending of works to other institutions, not all the objects illustrated here are on view at any one time. You can find the location of specific objects by accessing their individual records.
21．How much should a father with a 12-year-old daughter pay?
A．$ 10. B．$ 16. C．$ 20. D．$ 26.
22．What is a must for one to visit the museum?
A．Wearing a mask. B．Bringing an I.D．
C．Purchasing tickets in advance. D．Having tickets reserved.
23．What is a possible reason if an object is not shown in the museum?
A．Poor conservation. B．Being illustrated online.
C．Being lent out. D．Lack of individual records.
【答案】21．B    22．A    23．C
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国的布鲁克林博物馆的特色，以及开放时间、门票费用、注意事项，也提醒参观者：由于各种原因，部分展品可能不在展区。
21．细节理解题。根据收费标准（Suggested Admission）部分“Adults: $ 16 (成年人$16)”以及“Age 12 and under: Free (12岁及以下免费)”可知，一个父亲带上一个12岁的女儿，门票费为$16。故选B项。
22．细节理解题。根据Museum Hours部分“Masks are required. (参观者必须佩戴口罩)”，参观博物馆的人必须戴口罩，故选A项。
23．细节理解题。根据Collection部分第二段“For a variety of reasons, including conservation concerns and the lending of works to other institutions, not all the objects illustrated here are on view at any one time.(出于各种各样的原因，包括保护和向其他机构出借作品，并不是这里展示的所有物品都在同一时间展出)”可知，出于对展品的保护或者由于外借的原因，有些展品可能不在展出范围内。故选C项。

B
David Rees runs a very distinctive business. He charges customers $15 to sharpen their pencils to perfection, using a variety of tools.
I know what you’re thinking—is this a joke? The 39-year-old gets asked that question a lot. To clarify everything, he even created a special section on his website telling everyone he’s actually providing a real service.
You can supply your own pencil or you can have Rees sharpen one of his own favorite 2B pencils. After that, he mails it to you in a display tube with the shavings in a separate bag, and an authentic certificate which just happens to mention the pencil is so sharp as to be a dangerous object.
To achieve the desired result, the master sharpener uses all kinds of tools, including general sandpaper, pocket knives and even a special $ 450 sharpening machine. “It depends on what the customer wants to use his/her pencil for,” he says. That determines the most appropriate pencil-sharpening technique. Some customers buy pencils as inspirational symbols while others buy them because of their special memories of classic 2B pencils.
$15 to have a pencil sharpened is a bit expensive though, right? You’re not the only one who feels that way, and David’s unique business has really angered lots of people, who talk of inequality in America, saying it is so insane for the wealthy to pay $15 to sharpen a pencil. But others will say, “This is just our urge to put an end to the welfare state because new ideas arise along with the business.”
David admits his trade is sort of unusual. But there are those who actually value his service, as is proven by the over 500 orders he has gotten.
24．How could David make money by sharpening pencils?
A．He invented new tools for the job.
B．He provided quality service for his customers.
C．He promoted his skill on his website.
D．He saved lots of time for other people.
25．What can we infer from the words of David Rees in paragraph 4?
A．He provides personalized services.
B．He knows all kinds of pencil users.
C．He values ideas behind the pencils.
D．He always writes in pencil.
26．What does the underlined word “insane” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Deliberate. B．Rewarding. C．Unreasonable. D．Irresponsible.
27．What seems to be the author’s attitude to David Rees’ trade?
A．It’s a waste of time and money. B．It needs further improvement.
C．It’s awfully expensive. D．It’s a fancy service.
【答案】24．B    25．A    26．C    27．D
【导语】本文为记叙文。文章主要介绍了 David Rees通过帮别人削铅笔来赚钱的独特生意。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“He charges customers $ 15 to sharpen their pencils to perfection, using a variety of tools.”（David使用各种工具将铅笔削完美并向顾客收取15英镑的费用。）可知，大卫为顾客提供优质服务，由此赚钱。故选B项。
25．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“It depends on what the customer wants to use his/her pencil for”（这取决于顾客想用铅笔做什么）以及“Some customers buy pencils as inspirational symbols while others buy them because of their special memories of classic 2B pencils.”（一些顾客购买铅笔是为了象征灵感，而另一些人购买铅笔是因为他们对经典2B铅笔的特殊记忆。）故可推知，他是根据顾客的不同需求而提供个性化的服务。故选A项。
26．词义猜测题。根据第五段划线单词该句中的“You’re not the only one who feels that way, and David’s unique business has really angered lots of people, who talk of inequality in America…”（你不是唯一一个有这种感觉的人，大卫独特的生意确实激怒了很多人，他们谈论美国的不平等……。）可推知这些人不赞成这种想法，认为花 15 美元削铅笔太贵了，这是不合理的，故可猜测划线单词insane为“荒唐的，不合理的”意思，结合选项C项Unreasonable“不合理的”意思一致。故选C项。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“David Rees runs a very distinctive business.”（大卫·里斯经营着一家与众不同的公司。）以及最后一段中的“But there are those who actually value his service, as is proven by the over 500 orders he has gotten.”（但也有一些人真正重视他的服务，这从他获得的500多份订单就可以证明。）可知，作者认为他所提供削铅笔的服务 是与众不同的，别致高档的。故选D项。

C
When colds or flu attacks, many people treat themselves to the comfort of warm blankets and hot chicken soup. Chicken soup has been shown to be more than just a comfort food, however.
An ancient Greek manuscript (手稿) written around 200BC describes how chicken soup can be used to treat respiratory (呼吸的) disorders, such as colds and flu. In the 12th century another Greek scholar wrote that chicken soup eases the symptoms people have when they have colds and flu. Modern research is showing that there is a basis for this old belief that chicken soup can help the common cold or other respiratory problems.
When a person gets a cold, the cold virus makes itself at home in one’s nose, sinuses and throat, resulting in swelling in these areas. The result is sore throat, headache, congestion (充血), coughing, etc. One experiment showed that hot chicken soup can clear the congestion that comes with a cold.
Chicken soup contains compounds (化合物) that stop the swelling which causes this problem. Scientists still don’t know why chicken soup works, but they are sure that it does. They have also found that in order to be effective, the soup must be made with vegetables. Scientists think that it may be due to the presence of some healthful elements (元素) found in plants. Perhaps the best evidence for the effectiveness of chicken soup comes from the research of one scientist who found that chicken soup is rich in a chemical widely used in cold medicines.
Thus, when your mother or grandmother tells you to eat chicken soup when you have a cold or flu, go ahead and enjoy it. You will be doing something worthwhile for your body as well as pleasing her.
28．Why are the two Greeks referred to in Paragraph 2?
A．Because Greece has a long food history.
B．Because Greeks like drinking chicken soup.
C．To prove colds and flu spread widely in Greece.
D．To show chicken soup has some medical effects.
29．How can chicken soup have a better treatment on a common cold?
A．Eat it at the right time. B．Choose healthy chicken.
C．Add vegetables into it. D．Take it with cold pills.
30．The author may agree that ________.
A．scientists find that chicken soup can kill cold viruses
B．scientists doubt if chicken soup really helps a cold
C．it takes less money to treat a cold with chicken soup
D．elders tend to appreciate the effects of chicken soup
31．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Chicken Soup Helps to Cure a Cold B．Why Not Eat Chicken Soup Often
C．You May Well Need Chicken Soup D．How to Deal with a Common Cold
【答案】28．D    29．C    30．D    31．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鸡汤已被证明不仅仅是一种舒适的食物，它的确能够用来帮助治疗普通感冒或其他呼吸系统问题。
28．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“An ancient Greek manuscript (手稿) written around 200BC describes how chicken soup can be used to treat respiratory (呼吸的) disorders, such as colds and flu. In the 12th century another Greek scholar wrote that chicken soup eases the symptoms people have when they have colds and flu. Modern research is showing that there is a basis for this old belief that chicken soup can help the common cold or other respiratory problems.(一份写于公元前200年左右的古希腊手稿描述了鸡汤如何用于治疗呼吸道疾病，如感冒和流感。12世纪，另一位希腊学者写道，鸡汤可以缓解人们感冒和流感的症状。现代研究表明，这种古老的信念是有根据的，即鸡汤可以帮助治疗普通感冒或其他呼吸系统问题。)”可知，两个希腊人的例子都表明鸡汤有助于人感冒和流感的康复，可得出前文所举的两个希腊的例子是为了表明鸡汤真的有医疗作用。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段“They have also found that in order to be effective, the soup must be made with vegetables. Scientists think that it may be due to the presence of some healthful elements (元素) found in plants.(他们还发现，为了有效，汤必须加入蔬菜做。科学家认为，这可能是由于植物中含有一些有益健康的元素所致。)”可知，鸡汤需要加入蔬菜才能更好地治疗感冒。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thus, when your mother or grandmother tells you to eat chicken soup when you have a cold or flu, go ahead and enjoy it. You will be doing something worthwhile for your body as well as pleasing her.(因此，当你感冒或流感时，如果你的母亲或祖母告诉你，喝鸡汤，你就去享受它。你会为你的身体做一些有价值的事情，同时也会取悦她。)”可知，当你感冒或流感时，老年人推荐你喝鸡汤，你喝了还可以取悦他们，可得出年纪大的人更会觉得鸡汤可以治疗感冒，欣赏鸡汤的功效。故选D。
31．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Modern research is showing that there is a basis for this old belief that chicken soup can help the common cold or other respiratory problems.(现代研究表明，这种古老的信念是有根据的，即鸡汤可以帮助治疗普通感冒或其他呼吸系统问题。)”以及第四段“Chicken soup contains compounds (化合物) that stop the swelling which causes this problem. Scientists still don’t know why chicken soup works, but they are sure that it does.(鸡汤中含有的化合物可以阻止引起这个问题的肿胀。科学家们仍然不知道为什么鸡汤会起作用，但他们确定它是有效的。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了鸡汤已被证明不仅仅是一种舒适的食物，它的确能够用来帮助治疗普通感冒或其他呼吸系统问题。所以“Chicken Soup Helps to Cure a Cold(鸡汤有助于治疗感冒)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。

D
“We've designed buildings for 100-year floods;” says Kevin Van Den Wymelenberg, director of the Institute for Health in the Built Environment. “But there will be another epidemic or another pandemic - or there might just be another flu season. Let's go ahead and learn to design for the 100-year flu. ”
Public health officials agree that one of the simplest wåys to prevent the indoor spread of the virus is to increase the amount of outside air that comes into our buildings. The simple act of opening a window can meaningfully reduce the concentration of infectious (感染的) particles in the air.
But in many current office buildings, the windows aren't operable. Creating a tight air seal in a building is one of the main strategies used to make buildings more energy-saving. So architects are now wrestling with how to increase air circulation without accelerating energy consumption. One solution, according to Kevin Van Den Wymelenberg, is a special type of window design. This allows outside air to be warmed or cooled, as needed, when it enters the building.
Most current office buildings usually adopt open-plan offices, which are suitable for modern office work. But in time of pandemic, viruses spread easily among workers in the office. Rather than seal employees into individual hard-walled rooms, office designers can preserve the benefits of open-plan offices by fitting airflow systems that clean the air breathed out. For example, vents (通风口) can be installed at the top of the room to pull out the cloud of exhaled (呼出的) air and for fresh air to be delivered along the floor. This type of “biophilic design” can increase productivity and improve physical health.
What all these changes have in common is that they'll happen only if the public continue to focus on indoor health after the acute crisis of the pandemic has passed. In the long run, what's perhaps even more important is making whole environments support human immune function.
32．According to Kevin, what is a solution to improving air circulation without consuming more energy?
A．Creating specially-designed windows.
B．Increasing the amount of outside air.
C．Fitting vents at the top of the building.
D．Designing a tight air seal in the building.
33．Which of the following may be considered a “biophilic design”?
A．Offices with exhaled air. B．Offices with airflow systems.
C．Offices with big windows. D．Offices with individual rooms.
34．What does the author focus on in the last paragraph?
A．Adding some background information.
B．Explaining the concept of indoor health.
C．Expressing the expectation for the future.
D．Providing the theoretical basis for the research.
35．What can be the best title for the passage?
A．Setting up buildings good for the environment
B．The need to put human health in the first place
C．Redesigning the office for the next 100-year flu
D．The simplest way to stop indoor spread of viruses
【答案】32．A    33．B    34．C    35．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍如何对办公室进行重新设计，使得它可以更好地应对和预防未来可能出现的病毒。
32．细节理解题。根据第三段“One solution, according to Kevin Van Den Wymelenberg, is a different type of window design. This allows outside air to be warmed or cooled, as needed, when it enters the building.（根据Kevin Van Den Wymelenberg的说法，一个解决方案是一种不同类型的窗户设计。当外部空气进入建筑时，可以根据需要对其进行加热或冷却。）”可知，解决方案是要设计一款特殊的窗户。故选A项。
33．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Rather than seal employees into individual hard-walled rooms, office designers can preserve the benefits of open-plan offices by fitting airflow systems that clean the air breathed out…This type of “biophilic design” can increase productivity and improve physical health.（办公室设计师可以通过安装空气流通系统来净化呼出的空气，这样就可以保留开敞式办公室的好处，而不必把员工关在单独的硬墙房间里。……这种类型的亲生物设计可以提高生产力和改善身体健康。）”可知，有空气流通系统的办公室可以被认为是亲生物设计。故选B项。
34．推理判断题。从最后一段“In the long run, what's perhaps even more important is making whole environments support human immune function.（从长远来看，或许更重要的是让整个环境支持人类的免疫功能。）”可推知，此段表达作者对未来的期待。故选C项。
35．主旨大意题。根据第一段“But there will be another epidemic or another pandemic - or there might just be another flu season. Let's go ahead and learn to design for the 100-year flu.（但是将会有另一场流行病或另一场大流行——或者可能只是另一个流感季节。让我们继续为预防百年流感学习设计。）”及下文内容可知，文章主要说的是如何对办公室进行重新设计，使得它可以更好地应对和预防未来可能出现的病毒。因此C项“Redesigning the office for the next 100-year flu（重新设计办公室以应对下一个百年流感）”适合做本文标题。故选C项。

第二节 (其5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why Are Tigers Orange?
The colors of an animal serve lots of different purposes — for instance, to help them hide into surroundings and escape from being noticed by preys (猎物). For tigers, their ability to be invisible will just decide whether they catch dinner or go hungry. _____36_____
As for humans, orange is a color used for items that need to stand out, like traffic lights and safety vests. That’s because we have what’s called trichromatic color vision, which differentiate three types of color: blue, green and red. _____37_____ But most other mammals, including dogs, horses and deer, have dichromatic (二色的) color vision for only two colors: blue and green. Humans who get information only of blue and green are considered color-blind, and can’t distinguish between red and green colors. _____38_____
Mammals like deer are the tiger’s main prey, and their dichromatic vision means they don’t see tigers as orange — they see them as green. That makes the tiger much harder to spot as it’s prowling behind a bush or crouching in the grass. Although green tigers would probably be even harder to spot, evolution (进化) just doesn’t work with the ingredients necessary to make green fur. _____39_____The only recognizably green mammal is a sloth, and its fur isn’t green in fact. That’s an alga that grows in its fur.
_____40_____There seems to be no evolutionary pressure, particularly for deer, which are the main prey of the tiger, to become trichromatic. That’s probably because the tiger doesn’t know it’s orange either. So, the evolutionary race really doesn’t exist for that color. It’s just that the tiger has evolved over the sweep of evolution to have a coloring, a hiding system, which protects it very well in its jungle setting.
A．We share this style of vision with some mammals like apes and certain monkeys.
B．Then, why don’t deer evolve the ability to see orange?
C．So of all the colors they could be, why are tigers orange?
D．Orange fur makes tigers relatively easy to spot.
E．The same is likely true for dichromatic animals.
F．Colors of humans’ eyes are quite similar to many other mammals’.
G．Actually, there are no green furry animals.
【答案】36．C    37．A    38．E    39．G    40．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了为什么老虎是橙色的。
36．根据上文“For tigers, their ability to be invisible will just decide whether they catch dinner or go hungry.(对老虎来说，它们隐身的能力将决定它们是吃饱还是挨饿。)”可知，结合下文解释为什么老虎的颜色是橙色的，因此推断空处提出疑问，为什么老虎全身呈橙色，C项：So, of all the colors they could be, why are tigers orange?(那么，在所有的颜色中，为什么老虎是橙色的呢？)符合语境。故选C。
37．根据上文“That’s because we have what’s called trichromatic color vision, which differentiate three types of color: blue, green and red.( 这是因为我们有三原色视觉，可以区分三种颜色：蓝色、绿色和红色。)”和下文“But most other mammals, including dogs, horses and deer, have dichromatic (二色的) color vision for only two colors: blue and green. (但大多数其他哺乳动物，包括狗、马和鹿，只有两种颜色的双色视觉：蓝色和绿色)”可知，空处承上启下，介绍拥有三原色视觉的动物，A项中的“some mammals”和下文中的“But most other mammals”对应。A项：We share this style of vision with some mammals like apes and certain monkeys.(我们和一些哺乳动物，比如猿和猴子，有着相同的视觉风格。)符合语境，承接上文，与下文是转折关系。故选A。
38．根据上文“But most other mammals, including dogs, horses and deer, have dichromatic (二色的) color vision for only two colors: blue and green. Humans who get information only of blue and green are considered color-blind, and can’t distinguish between red and green colors.(但大多数其他哺乳动物，包括狗、马和鹿，只有两种颜色的双色视觉：蓝色和绿色。只获得蓝色和绿色信息的人被认为是色盲，不能区分红色和绿色。)”可知，空处表示只有双色视觉的动物和人类的色盲是一样的。E项：The same is likely true for dichromatic animals.(同样的道理也适用于双色动物。)符合语境。故选E。
39．根据下文“The only recognizably green mammal is a sloth, and its fur isn’t green in fact. (唯一能被认出的绿色哺乳动物是树懒，而且它的皮毛实际上不是绿色的。)”可知，空处表明没有绿色的毛茸茸的动物。G项中的“no green furry animals ”和下文的“its fur isn’t green”对应。G项：Actually, there are no green furry animals.(事实上，没有绿色的毛茸茸的动物。)符合语境。故选G。
40．根据下文“There seems to be no evolutionary pressure, particularly for deer, which are the main prey of the tiger, to become trichromatic. (尤其是老虎的主要猎物——鹿，似乎没有变成三原色视觉这一进化压力)”可知，此处在解释鹿没有进化成三原色视觉的原因，空处询问为什么鹿没有进化出看到橙色的能力。B项：Then, why don’t deer evolve the ability to see orange?(那么，为什么鹿没有进化出看到橙色的能力呢？)符合语境。故选B。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was the first night of a tiring seven-day 250km race across the Gobi Desert a year ago. Mr. Leonard ___41___ a little dog going around his camp trying to ___42___ herself.
“Cute, but I’m not giving you any,” Leonard thought. Like all___43___, he had packed just enough for the whole ___44___. He’d been running competitively for three years, and he had a___45___ to win.
The next day, at the starting line, the dog____46____ him again. He waved her away, ___47___ she might be stepped on by the runners. ____48____, the dog followed him all the way until the day’s race ____49____. That night the dog snuggled (偎依) up to Leonard and even _____50_____ to get a little food from him. By then, he was determined to____51____ her Gobi.
The pair went on to finish the seven-day race, with Gobi _____52_____ a distance of 125km on her own, and winning Leonard over, enough for him to make a ____53____ — he would take her home to Edinburgh. “Seeing Gobi on the race_____54_____ my attitude to things. It made me think more about stopping and helping her, _____55_____ just focusing on winning,” said Leonard, who finished second. “It also made my running more____56____, giving me a lot of pleasure.”
As Leonard was preparing to get Gobi home, she was ____57____. With a group of 20 local volunteers coming to his ____58____, he finally found her. After that, Leonard never let Gobi out of his ____59____. Now Gobi’s favorite activity is still running, and she _____60_____ does at least 8km a day with Leonard up the hills.
41．A．recognized
B．adopted
C．spotted
D．treated
42．A．accommodate
B．feed
C．water
D．entertain
43．A．competitors
B．climbers
C．explorers
D．hikers
44．A．plan
B．camp
C．day
D．course
45．A．chance
B．desire
C．right
D．tendency
46．A．bothered
B．stopped
C．welcomed
D．approached
47．A．confused
B．worried
C．ashamed
D．astonished
48．A．Therefore
B．Meanwhile
C．However
D．Otherwise
49．A．wound up
B．got down
C．kicked off
D．came along
50．A．expected
B．afforded
C．managed
D．begged
51．A．give
B．name
C．award
D．show
52．A．covering
B．setting
C．keeping
D．extending
53．A．difference
B．choice
C．comment
D．decision
54．A．advocated
B．changed
C．challenged
D．acknowledged
55．A．rather than
B．but for
C．regardless of
D．ahead of
56．A．impressive
B．meaningful
C．enjoyable
D．extraordinary
57．A．dead
B．sick
C．injured
D．missing
58．A．rescue
B．assistance
C．mind
D．defense
59．A．sight
B．way
C．hand
D．reach
60．A．gradually
B．eventually
C．routinely
D．occasionally
【答案】
41．C    42．B    43．A    44．D    45．B    46．D    47．B    48．C    49．A    50．C    51．B    52．A    53．D    54．B    55．A    56．C    57．D    58．B    59．A    60．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了伦纳德比赛期间与小狗戈壁的相遇的故事。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：伦纳德先生发现一只小狗在他的营地周围走动，试图自己吃东西。A. recognized认可；B. adopted收养；C. spotted发现；D. treated招待。根据后文““Cute, but I’m not giving you any, ” Leonard thought.”可知，伦纳德发现一只小狗。故选C。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：伦纳德先生看到一只小狗在他的营地周围走动，试图自己吃东西。A. accommodate适应；B. feed喂；C. water浇；D. entertain娱乐。根据后文“That night the dog snuggled (偎依) up to Leonard and even____10____ to get a little food from him.”可知，这只狗正在寻食。故选B。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：像所有的参赛者一样，他所带的东西刚好够他跑完全程。A. competitors竞争者；B. climbers登山者；C. explorers探险家；D. hikers徒步旅行者。根据后文“He’d been running competitively for three years, and he had a____5____ to win.”可知，伦纳德在参赛，所以是参赛者。故选A。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：像所有的参赛者一样，他所带的东西刚好够他跑完全程。A. plan计划；B. camp营地；C. day天；D. course过程。根据“It was the first night of a tiring seven-day 250km race across the Gobi Desert a year ago.”可知，伦纳德在比赛，食物只能支撑全程。故选D。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他参加跑步比赛已经三年了，他渴望获胜。A. chance机会；B. desire欲望；C. right权利；D. tendency趋势。have a desire to do渴望做某事。根据“He’d been running competitively for three years,”可知，伦纳德参赛很渴望获得胜利。故选B。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，在起跑线上，狗再次走近他。A. bothered打扰；B. stopped停止；C. welcomed欢迎；D. approached走进。根据后文“He waved her away”可知，这只狗靠近他。故选D。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他挥手让她走开，担心它会被跑步者踩到。A. confused困惑；B. worried担心；C. ashamed羞愧；D. astonished惊讶。根据“He waved her away”可知，赶走狗是因为担心它会被踩到。故选B。
48．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这只狗一路跟着他，直到那天比赛结束。那天晚上，这只狗依偎在伦纳德身边，甚至还设法从他那里弄到一点食物。A. Therefore因此；B. Meanwhile与此同时；C. However然而；D. Otherwise然而。根据后文“the dog followed him all the way until the day’s race ____9____”可知，这只狗并没有离开，和伦纳德想法相悖，所以前后为转折关系。故选C。
49．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，这只狗一路跟着他，直到那天的比赛结束。A. wound up结束；B. got down下来；C. kicked off踢开；D. came along出现。根据“the dog followed him all the way”可知，这只狗是一直跟着伦纳德到比赛结束。故选A。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，这只狗依偎在伦纳德身边，甚至还设法从他那里弄到一点食物。A. expected期待；B. afforded支付；C. managed设法；D. begged恳求。manage to do设法做成某事。根据“That night the dog snuggled (偎依) up to Leonard”可知，狗设法从伦纳德那里弄到一点食物。故选C。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时，他已经决定给她取名为戈壁。A. give给；B. name命名；C. award奖励；D. show展示。根据“with Gobi____12____ a distance of 125km on her own,”可知，伦纳德给狗取名为戈壁。故选B。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：两人继续完成了为期7天的比赛，戈壁独自跑了125公里，赢得了伦纳德的支持，这足以让他做出决定——他将带她回爱丁堡的家。A. covering覆盖，走行走（一段路程）；B. setting设立；C. keeping保持；D. extending扩展。cover a distance of走完（一段路程）。根据“The pair went on to finish the seven-day race,”可知，戈壁走完125公里的路程。故选A。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人继续完成了为期7天的比赛，戈壁独自跑了125公里，赢得了伦纳德的支持，这足以让他做出决定——他将带她回爱丁堡的家。A. difference不同；B. choice选择；C. comment评论；D. decision决定。make a decision做决定。根据“he would take her home to Edinburgh.”可知，伦纳德决定将戈壁带回家。故选D。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到戈壁在比赛中改变了我对事物的态度。A. advocated提倡；B. changed改变；C. challenged挑战；D. acknowledged承认。根据“It made me think more about stopping and helping her, ____15____ just focusing on winning,”可知，伦纳德改变自己的态度。故选B。
55．考查短语词义辨析。句意：这让我更多地考虑停下来帮助她，而不是只专注于获胜，”伦纳德说，他获得了第二名。A. rather than而不是；B. but for要不是；C. regardless of不管；D. ahead of提前。根据“It made me think more about stopping and helping her,”可知，伦纳德现在而不是只专注于获胜，还考虑帮助戈壁。故选A。
56．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这也让我的跑步更愉快，给了我很多乐趣。A. impressive印象深刻的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. enjoyable愉快的；D. extraordinary非凡的。根据后文“giving me a lot of pleasure”可知，戈壁带给伦纳德的是更愉快。故选C。
57．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当伦纳德准备带戈壁回家时，她不见了。A. dead死亡的；B. sick生病的；C. injured受伤的；D. missing失踪的。根据后文“he finally found her”可知，戈壁只是暂时走失。故选D。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在20名当地志愿者的帮助下，他终于找到了她。A. rescue拯救；B. assistance帮助；C. mind心灵；D. defense防御。根据后文“he finally found her”可知，找到走失的戈壁是在通过当地志愿者的帮助。故选B。
59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，伦纳德就一直盯着戈壁。A. sight视力；B. way方法；C. hand手；D. reach到达。out of sight看不见；在视野之外。丢失之后，伦纳德从来没有让戈比离开过他的视线。故选A。
60．考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在戈壁最喜欢的活动仍然是跑步，她每天和伦纳德一起爬山，每天至少跑8公里。A. gradually逐渐地；B. eventually最终；C. routinely日常地；常规地；D. occasionally偶尔。根据前文“Now Gobi’s favorite activity is still running,”可知，伦纳德每天和戈壁爬山。故选C。

第二节 ( 共10小题:每小题1.5分, 满分15分 )
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
Chinese President Xi Jinping on Tuesday signed a presidential order awarding four persons the national medal and honorary title for ____61____ ( they ) outstanding contributions to fighting the COVID-19 epidemic. Xi’s presidential order came after the Standing Committee of the 13uh National People’s Congress voted ____62____ ( adopt ) a decision to award the national medal and honorary title to the four renowned (有名望的) specialists.
The Medal of the Republic was awarded to disease expert Zhong Nanshan, who ____63____ ( be ) a member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and director of the National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease. He is a ____64____ ( high ) popular figure among the public for being outspoken. He made a ____65____ ( conclude ) that the novel coronavirus could be transmitted between ____66____ ( human), stressed strict prevention and control efforts, and led the work ____67____ drafting COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment plans.
The national honorary title, “ the People’s Hero ” , was awarded to Zhang Boli, Zhang Dingyu and Chen Wei, all of ____68____ played an important role in the fight against CQVID-19.
____69____ ( decorate ) with patterns of China’s national emblem (徽章), _____70_____ medal so far has only been awarded to eight people, including Yuan Longping, father of hybrid rice, Tu Youyou, Nobel Laureate in medicine, and Yu Min, father of China’s hydrogen bomb.
【答案】
61．their    62．to adopt    63．is    64．highly    65．conclusion    66．humans    67．of    68．whom    69．Decorated    70．the
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了国家主席习近平签署了主席令，为四名在抗击新冠肺炎中做出突出贡献的人授予国家勋章和荣誉称号。
61．考查代词。句意：国家主席习近平12日签署国家主席令，向4名在抗击新冠肺炎疫情中做出突出贡献的人员授予国家勋章和荣誉称号。代指上文提到的“four persons”，根据空后的“outstanding contributions”可知，需要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，表示上文提到的“四个人的突出贡献”。故填their。
62．考查非谓语动词。句意：习主席的主席令发布之前，第十三次全国人民代表大会常务委员会经表决，通过了关于授予四个著名专家国家勋章和国家荣誉称号的决定。动词不定式担当动词vote的宾语，构成短语：vote to do sth.投票做某事。故填to adopt。
63．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：中华人民共和国勋章授予疾病专家钟南山，他是中国工程院院士、国家呼吸系统疾病临床研究中心主任。这里为定语从句谓语动词，根据句意，钟南山是中国工程院院士为客观现实，用一般现在时。关系代词who代指先行词Zhong Nanshan，为单数形式。故填is。
64．考查副词。句意：他因直言不讳而深受公众欢迎。修饰形容词popular用副词形式。故填highly。
65．考查名词。句意：他得出了新型冠状病毒可人际传播的结论，强调严格防控，并牵头起草了了新冠肺炎诊疗方案。根据空前冠词a，可知空处为可数名词单数形式。故填conclusion。
66．考查名词的数。句意：他得出了新型冠状病毒可人际传播的结论，强调严格防控，并牵头起草了了新冠肺炎诊疗方案。根据句意可知，是在人与人之间传播，为可数名词复数形式。故填humans。
67．考查介词。句意：他得出了新型冠状病毒可人际传播的结论，强调严格防控，并牵头起草了了新冠肺炎诊疗方案。表示“……的工作”，用介词of。故填of。
68．考查定语从句。句意：张伯利、张定宇、陈伟在抗击新冠肺炎疫情中发挥了重要作用，被授予“人民英雄”国家荣誉称号。句中先行词为“Zhang Boli, Zhang Dingyu and Chen Wei”，在定语从句中担当宾语。由于of提前，只能用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。
69．考查非谓语动词。句意：迄今为止，这枚刻有中国国徽图案的勋章只授予了杂交水稻之父袁隆平、诺贝尔医学奖得主屠呦呦和中国氢弹之父俞敏等8人。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。主句主语the medal与decorate之间存在被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Decorated。
70．考查冠词。句意：迄今为止，这枚刻有中国国徽图案的勋章只授予了杂交水稻之父袁隆平、诺贝尔医学奖得主屠呦呦和中国氢弹之父俞敏等8人。
第四部分 写作 (共两节,满分35分)
第一节 短文改错 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

71．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（/划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线（______），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Our school organizes basketball matches in every year. Some students are willing take part but they were worried that they don’t have enough time. I want to give them some advices. There is no doubt whether joining in the matches takes up some study time. Moreover, they can bring some benefits like those sporting activities hold before. They can contribute to a healthier body, less stress, and more actively thinking. Thus, we can not only live the happy life but also perform well at school. I hope we can make right decisions for us.
【答案】1. 删掉in
2. willing之后加to
3. were→are
4. advices→advice
5. whether→that
6. Moreover→However
7. hold→held
8. actively→active
9. the→a
10. us→ourselves
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了学校足球比赛对于学生的好处。
【详解】1.考查介词。句意：我们学校每年都组织篮球比赛。当时间词前面有this/that/every/last/next等词时不需要用介词，表示“每年”应用every year，in多余。故删掉in。
2.考查固定搭配。句意：一些学生很愿意参加，但他们担心没有足够的时间。形容词短语be willing to do sth.意为“乐意做某事”，固定搭配。故在willing之后加to。
3.考查动词时态。句意：一些学生很愿意参加，但他们担心没有足够的时间。结合句意此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时。故将were改为are。
4.考查名词。句意：我想给他们一些建议。advice为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故将advices改为advice。
5.考查固定句型。句意：毫无疑问，参加比赛占用了一些学习时间。There is no doubt that...意为“毫无疑问……”，固定句型，doubt之后为that引导的同位语从句，对doubt进行解释说明。故将whether改为that。
6.考查副词。句意：然而，他们可以带来一些好处，像之前举行的那些体育活动。结合句意可知前后两句语意之间是转折关系，不是递进关系，应用表示转折关系的副词however。故将Morever改为However 。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，他们可以带来一些好处，像之前举行的那些体育活动。结合句意，此处为非谓语动词形式作后置定语，activities与hold之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作表被动和完成。故将hold改为held。
8.考查形容词。句意：它们能让你拥有更健康的身体，更少的压力，更活跃的思维。结合句意，此处修饰名词thinking“思维”，应用形容词active，作定语。故将actively改为active。
9.考查冠词。句意：因此，我们不仅可以过上快乐的生活，而且在学校也能表现良好。live a/an ... life 意为“过一种……的生活”，固定搭配，happy是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故将the改为a。
10.考查代词。句意：我希望我们能为自己做出正确的决定。当主语和宾语所指相同时，宾语应用反身代词。故将us改为ourselves。

第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
72．今年，你的家乡开展了一系列历史和传统文化保护活动。请你写一篇以Impressive Activities为题的报道介绍这些活动，刊登在你校英语报上，内容包括：
1.活动内容；2.活动效果。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 标题已给出，文中不得透露个人真实信息。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Impressive Activities
With unique history and culture, my hometown is famous all over the country. This year has witnessed many impressive activities held to protect its history and traditional Chinese culture.
Some cultural relics, among which are our old town walls, have been well restored as a way to keep history alive. Besides, Chinese-style costume shows and paper-cutting are held annually in the art center to offer a great chance for the people to learn more about the traditional Chinese culture. Moreover, there are exhibitions of Chinese paintings, calligraphy and traditional local drama, which deepen our understanding of Chinese culture and give us a sense of pride as a Chinese.
These activities are highly appreciated because they offer us chances to enjoy our traditional culture and protect our history.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于新闻报道。要求考生写一篇以Impressive Activities为题的报道，介绍今年家乡开展的一系列历史和传统文化保护活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
著名的：well-known→famous
遍及：throughout→all over
机会：opportunity→chance
学习：study→learn
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：This year has witnessed many impressive activities held to protect its history and traditional Chinese culture.
拓展句：This year has witnessed many impressive activities which have been held to protect its history and traditional Chinese culture.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Some cultural relics, among which are our old town walls, have been well restored as a way to keep history alive. (运用了介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Moreover, there are exhibitions of Chinese paintings, calligraphy and traditional local drama, which deepen our understanding of Chinese culture and give us a sense of pride as a Chinese. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)