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专题08 垃圾分类-备战中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题）
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这是一份专题08 垃圾分类-备战中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题），共19页。试卷主要包含了B．Paragraph 4等内容，欢迎下载使用。
备战中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练
(中考真题+名校最新模拟真题)
专题08 垃圾分类
（2021·广西梧州·中考真题）
Recycling is a way to take rubbish and turn it into new products. It’s helpful to our environment. There are a number of different recycling steps that allow materials to be used more than once.
All kinds of materials can be recycled. Some of the most common things in use today include recycling plastic, glass, metals and paper. Things made of these materials include soda cans, plastic milk boxes, newspapers, computers and cardboard boxes.
There are a number of advantages for recycling. These include: Landfills—Recycling materials means less rubbish and saves space in landfills. Resources—When we use materials again, this means we can take fewer resources from the earth. Pollution—in general, recycling materials can produce less pollution, helping to keep our environment clean.
Be sure to recycle everything you can in your house and school. There is almost a “recycle” rubbish can around. Be sure to drop your used aluminum cans and plastic bottles there. At home, be sure to put paper things like the newspapers, paper boxes, and homework pages into the recycle box.
Plastics are usually marked with an identification code that shows a recycling symbol and a number from 1 to 7. This shows that the type of chemicals, or materials, is used in making the plastic. Used paper can be recycled around seven times.
It is high time we set up a recycle station in every street, across the city and the country, so the cleaners can transport the rubbish conveniently. This is the only way out for handling rubbish without causing danger to the environment and our health. For ourselves, our children and our children’s children, let’s take action NOW!
1．From the first paragraph, we know that ________.
A．we can make more money from recycling
B．recycling is helpful to our environment
C．recycling is common and popular
D．there is too much rubbish around us
2．In paragraph 3, we know that recycling has many advantages including ________.
A．less rubbish B．more space
C．less pollution D．all the above
3．What kinds of materials are usually marked with an identification code?
A．Paper. B．Plastics. C．Glass. D．Metals.
4．The underlined word “handling” in the last paragraph means ________ in Chinese.
A．处理 B．生产 C．收购 D．变卖
5．What does the writer mainly want to tell us?
A．We should recycle everything in our daily life.
B．Many resources can be saved by recycling.
C．We should take action to recycle rubbish.
D．Recycle stations should be set up in the street.
（2022·广东·河源市第二中学一模）
It’s not WASTE until it is WASTED!
With the World Environment Day coming, our school is now requiring every student to form a habit of sorting the waste. Here in our schoolyard we lay four different colors of rubbish bins for different kinds of rubbish. The red is for harmful waste; the blue is for waste that can be recycled; the green is for kitchen waste; the yellow is for other waste.
The followings are some instructions for you.
Glass: Empty bottles without caps can be recycled to make new glass bottles.
Warning: Mirrors and light bulbs must not be included in the glass waste.
Paper: Newspapers, magazines, boxes must be clean enough to be recycled.
Warning: Paper tissues and wallpaper are not recyclable as paper and should be kept separately.
PMD waste: Packaging made of Plastic or Metal and drink boxes are used to make new packaging.
Warning: Plastic pots (e.g. yogurt pots), plastic bags must not be included in the PMD waste.
Harmful waste: out-of-date drugs, used batteries(电池), paint and oil …
Besides, if you don’t need your old bikes at all, our school volunteers will collect them. We’re going to fix them up and then give them away to kids who don’t have enough money for a bike.
To find out more about recycling, you can visit our school website.
6． According to the passage, the fish bones(骨) should be thrown in the ________ bin.
A．red B．blue C．green D．yellow
7．From the passage, we can know that ________ can be included with the PMD waste.
A．yogurt pots B．plastic bags C．drink boxes D．out-of-date drugs
8．Which of the following is true?
A．All kinds of paper can be recycled.
B．Used batteries should be thrown into the blue bins.
C．There is information about recycling on the school website.
D．Mirrors and light bulbs can be made into new glass bottles.
9．If you give your old bike to the volunteers, it will be ________.
A．sold to collect money for the poor kids B．given away immediately to the poor kids
C．fixed up and given back to you for free D．fixed up and given away to the poor kids
10．The main purpose of this passage is ________.
A．to introduce waste sorting to the students B．to look for volunteers for waste sorting
C．to introduce the World Environment Day D．to advertise glass, paper and plastic products
（2022·山东·金乡县教学研究室三模）
A new rubbish sorting system has been put into use in Beijing. Local people not only sort their rubbish, but also put QR codes（二维码）on it.
“When the rubbish is collected and the codes are seen, I will get reward points to exchange for small gifts and even some money,” a local people said. “It’s really creative and encouraging.”
This smart system has been carried out in 350 communities in Beijing. The capital of China has joined a list of cities in the country that take action to support rubbish sorting. For example, Shenzhen and Shanghai have made laws to punish for not sorting rubbish correctly.
China produces quite a lot of rubbish every year. Much of the rubbish is buried（填埋）in soil or burned without being sorted. Landfills（填埋场）take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby. And burning rubbish can produce harmful gases. Through rubbish sorting, we can reduce the use of landfills and air pollution.
What’s more, rubbish sorting saves resources, which could bring economic benefits（利益）. For example, a ton of waste paper can be reused to make about 850kg of paper, saving 17 trees and 50 percent of water. Because of their benefits, some countries have developed successful sorting systems.
In Australia, every family is provided with three rubbish bins—the red lid（盖子）bin for “general waste” like food and plastic bags, the yellow lid bin for “recycling” like steel and glass, and the green lid bin for “green waste” such as grass and leaves. On the streets, the bins are printed with pictures of the things that are allowed inside. It makes recycling quite easy.
11．When using the new rubbish system in Beijing, people will use ________ .
A． B． C． D．
12．What are the consequences（后果）of burying rubbish?
①Polluting soil. ②Polluting water. ③Saving resources. ④Taking up a lot of land. ⑤Producing terrible air.
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③⑤ D．①②④
13．In Australia, which bin should you put food left after dinner in?
A．The red lid bin. B．The yellow lid bin.
C．The green lid bin. D．The black lid bin.
14．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．Shenzhen still hasn’t joined to take action to sort rubbish.
B．Burying rubbish takes up lots of land and produces pollution.
C．Rubbish sorting could bring few economic benefits.
D．Australia hasn’t developed ways of sorting rubbish correctly.
（2022·内蒙古·呼伦贝尔市海拉尔区教育研修中心一模）
Countries
Rubbish Sorting (分类)
China
Some people might find it hard to tell which piece of rubbish goes in which bin. A mini app (应用软件) in Alipay (支付宝) can help. Type in the name of the rubbish and the app will give you an answer right away.
The US
A company’s robot knows the rubbish smartly and quickly. It can sort food boxes and drink bottles by scanning their logos (图标). The robot can sort 60 different kinds of rubbish per minute.
Canada
A company uses computer technology to sort rubbish on a moving belt (皮带). The more sorting it does, the better it will perform, as it learns from its work.
Japan
Rubbish sorting has been practiced for many years and Japanese people have a good habit of rubbish sorting. Japanese people consider it a shame when they make wrong sorting.
15． In which column (专栏) of a newspaper can we probably read this passage?
A．Sports Report. B．Movie Review.
C．Around the World. D．Advertisement.
16．What can help people to sort rubbish properly in China?
A．An app. B．A robot.
C．computer technology. D．Good habit.
17．In which country do people have a good habit about rubbish sorting?
A．China. B．America. C．Canada. D．Japan.
18．Which is Not True according to the passage?
A．A mini app in Alipay can type in the name of the rubbish.
B．A company’s robot in US can sort over 60 kinds of rubbish every minute.
C．A company in Canada uses computer technology to sort rubbish on a moving belt.
D．Japan has been practicing rubbish sorting for lots of years.
19．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．All countries have ways of rubbish sorting.
B．How to sort rubbish.
C．Different ways of sorting rubbish in 4 countries.
D．Rubbish Sorting is quite important and necessary.
（2022·浙江杭州·二模）We all know that recycling rubbish is very important. But sometimes it is not so convenient when we can’t find a recycling bin anywhere.
Now a team of middle school students from North Dakota, US, has solved that problem. They turned their idea into reality with their Recycling Bin App (应用程序). This app encourages people to recycle. It provides users with a map of local recycling centers. And it allows them to save locations as favorites. Besides, this app also reminds users to recycle.
The group of nine sixth-graders is from STEM Center Middle School. They came up with the idea as part of a school project for the Verizon Innovative App Challenge. Their school provides professional app training. It gave 10 teams Samsung tablets as prizes.
The contest aims to develop interest in science, technology, engineering and math. In this contest, students present an app design that could solve a problem in their school or community. The nine students came up with the idea for Recycling Bin when they saw a need for more recycling in their community.
“We thought that this would really help a lot of people,” Jaden Hilkemann, 12, told Time For Kids.
They kept their design simple so that anyone could use it. Now the free Recycling Bin App has been put into use in the app store.
“I was so excited when it went up on the app store,” Seralyn Blake, 12, said. “A lot of my family members downloaded (下载) the app. It was pretty cool.”
20．What could the Recycling Bin App provide us?
A．A recycling bin. B．A recycling bike.
C．A recycling center. D．A map of local recycling centers.
21．Why did the nine six-graders want to design the app?
A．Because their teachers asked them to do so.
B．Because they saw the need for more recycling in their community.
C．Because they wanted to get successful.
D．Because they wanted to get the money from the school.
22．What did the people think of their app?
A．They thought it was expensive. B．They thought it was difficult to use.
C．They didn’t like it. D．They liked it and downloaded it to use.
23．What is the best title of the passage?
A．Students’ App Can Help Recycling B．Students’App Won a Prize
C．School Professional App Training D．A Recycling Bin App for School
（2022·福建三明·二模）
A new rubbish sorting system has been put into use in Beijing. Local people not only sort their rubbish, but also put QR codes（二维码）on it.
“When the rubbish is collected and the codes are seen, I will get reward points to exchange for small gifts and even some money,” a local people said. “It’s really creative and encouraging.”
This smart system has been carried out in 350 communities in Beijing. The capital of China has joined a list of cities in the country that take action to support rubbish sorting. For example, Shenzhen and Shanghai have made laws to punish for not sorting rubbish correctly.
China produces quite a lot of rubbish every year. Much of the rubbish is buried（填埋）in soil or burned without being sorted. Landfills（填埋场）take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby. And burning rubbish can produce harmful gases. Through rubbish sorting, we can reduce the use of landfills and air pollution.
What’s more, rubbish soiling saves resources, which could bring economic benefits（利益）. For example, a ton of waste paper can be reused to make about 850kg of paper, saving 17 trees and 50 percent of water. Because of their benefits, some countries have developed successful sorting systems.
In Australia, every family is provided with three rubbish bins—the red lid（盖子）bin for “general waste” like food and plastic bags, the yellow lid bin for “recycling” like steel and glass, and the green lid bin for “green waste” such as grass and leaves. On the streets, the bins are printed with pictures of the things that are allowed inside. It makes recycling quite easy.
24．When using the new rubbish system in Beijing, people will use ________.
A． B． C． D．
25．What are the consequences （后果）of burying rubbish?
①Polluting soil. ②Polluting water. ③Saving resources.
④Taking up a lot of land.⑤Producing terrible air.
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③⑤ D．①②④
26．Which paragraph discusses the economic benefits of rubbish sorting?
A．Paragraph 3. B．Paragraph 4. C．Paragraph 5. D．Paragraph 6.
27．In Australia, which bin should you put food left after dinner in?
A．The red lid bin. B．The yellow lid bin.
C．The green lid bin. D．The black lid bin.
28．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．Shenzhen still hasn’t joined to take action to sort rubbish.
B．Burying rubbish takes up lots of land and produces pollution.
C．Rubbish sorting could bring few economic benefits.
D．Australia hasn’t made laws to punish not sorting rubbish correctly.
（2022·山东济南·二模）Shanghai introduced a new garbage-sorting policy (垃圾分类政策) on July 1, 2019. People there need to put different kinds of garbage into different bins. Other cities in China will do the same soon.
Garbage sorting is a big problem because there is too much garbage these days. It is bad for our environment. In fact, we can make use of some garbage again. But first, we need to sort it.
For example, if you put an old battery (电池) into the “harmful waste” bin, people can use it to make new batteries. But if you don’t, the battery will end up somewhere else. Then, it will pollute the environment.
Garbage sorting and recycling around the world
Germany: There are big machines in supermarkets. You can put bottles in the machines and get money back.
Japan: A truck playing music comes to people’s doors to pick up their garbage. There are eight or more kinds of garbage. If you sort any of them wrong, you will get a notice on your door.
Indonesia: People can take buses for free if they give plastic bottles to bus stations. An hour-long bus ride costs three large bottles.
Four kinds of garbage in Shanghai
Recyclable garbage includes paper, books, plastic items, and glass bottles. Harmful garbage includes lamps, batteries, and other things with harmful chemicals. Wet garbage usually comes from the kitchen, such as food and vegetables. Dry garbage is anything you cannot put into the other three bins such as pens and towels.
29．What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A．Many countries take Shanghai’s garbage-sorting policy.
B．Many other cities in China have garbage-sorting policies.
C．Shanghai is the first city in China to make a garbage-sorting policy.
D．China is the first country in the world to make a garbage-sorting policy.
30．The writer gives the “battery” example to tell us ________.
A．the importance of garbage sorting B．how to sort our garbage
C．what harmful waste is D．the difficulty of garbage sorting
31．If you ________, you can take a free bus ride in Indonesia.
A．put bottles in a machine B．put garbage into different bins
C．get a notice on the door D．take plastic bottles to the station
32．Which bin should “newspapers” go to?
A． B． C． D．
33．Which is the best title for the passage?
A．Sort Garbage, Save the Earth B．Less Garbage, Cleaner Environment
C．Clean Shanghai, Beautiful China D．Different Countries, Different Policies
（2022·云南红河·一模）When you go on the street, in the neighborhood and almost everywhere, you can always see four bins of different colors. It’s what China is carrying out (实施) — waste sorting (分类).
At present, waste in our life can mainly be divided into four kinds: recyclable waste, kitchen waste, harmful waste and other waste. Different kinds of waste should be put into different bins. Recyclable waste must be thrown into the blue bin. Kitchen waste should be collected in the green bin. Harmful waste should be in the red one and the grey one is for other waste.
Do you know what recyclable waste means? It’s the material that can be recycled or reused, including paper, plastics, glass, metals and so on. The kitchen waste includes vegetable leaves, peel, bone and others. Harmful waste is bad for people’s health and the environment. It needs to be carefully dealt with. Some may be buried and some may be burned.
There are many advantages of waste sorting. It helps to turn the waste into useful things. Chinese people, old and young, are learning environmental protection. Students in schools often take part in environmental projects. Actually, it’s not difficult for us to do this simple thing but our actions can make a great difference to the city. So take action now. Each of us should play a part in saving the environment.
34．There are mainly ________ kinds of waste in our life.
A．3 B．4 C．5 D．6
35．Vegetable leaves should be put into the ________ bin.
A．red B．blue C．green D．grey
36．Which of the following doesn’t belong to recyclable waste?
A．Paper. B．Glass. C．Metal. D．Peel.
37．You can read the passage in ________.
A．a science book B．a story book C．a guide book D．a travel diary
38．What’s the best title of the passage?
A．Waste Sorting B．Different Kinds of Waste
C．Recyclable Materials D．Ways to Save the Environment
（2022·浙江绍兴·一模）
Rubbish classification(分类)has swept China and become a new fashion nowadays. Different cities are carrying out different ways to improve the living environment. What has been done in Ningbo? Let’s go and have a look.
A new law about rubbish classification was passed in February, 2019. According to the law, rubbish must be classified into recyclables, kitchen waste, harmful waste and other waste. If a person fails to put rubbish into trash bins properly and refuses to correct the mistake, he will be fined up to 200 yuan. For companies, the fine can go up to 2,000-5,000yuan.
High technologies are used to deal with rubbish classification. Dabashou Recycle, a smart rubbish classification machine, will provide its users with nice gifts or money through an App after they put the waste into the right trash bin. It greatly encourages people to learn to save waste for better use and get into a good habit of rubbish classification.
Many schools give lessons on rubbish classification and offer students chances to put what they have learnt into practice by volunteering. Theme activities like”Clean Your Plate” are also carried out to cut down on food waste in schools. Besides, students are asked to write down their thoughts and suggestions about rubbish classification for the government.
39． If anyone in Ningbo doesn’t put rubbish into trash bins properly, he may be fined up to ________.
A．￥200 B．￥500 C．￥2,000 D．￥5,000
40．It can be learnt from the passage that Dabashou Recycle ________.
A．is a big recycling company in Ningbo
B．was put into use in Ningbo in February, 2019
C．offers people gifts if they classify waste correctly
D．teaches students how to put waste into the right trash bin
41．The text mainly shows Ningbo’s efforts in ________.
A．using new technology B．cutting down food waste
C．improving the environment D．developing science education
（2022·安徽·一模）Shanghai is the first city to carry out strict regulations (规章) on garbage sorting and recycling on July 1, 2019. Shanghai requires its residents (居民) to sort garbage into four categories (类别), namely recyclable, harmful, dry and wet waste. If people fail to sort their garbage properly, they can be fined up to 200 yuan.
Since the regulation took effect, the amount of total daily waste in Shanghai has been reduced by an average of 15, 500 tons, dropping 26 percent from the end of 2018, while the average daily weight of recyclables hits 4, 500 tons, five times higher than the end of 2018, according to the Shanghai Landscaping and City Appearance Administrative Bureau.
The city also rebuilt 21, 000 waste-sorting stations and more than 40, 000 waste bins have been dated (更新). The city’s waste collection and transportation system is complete, according to the bureau.
“Proper waste sorting protects the environment and saves natural resources,” said Deng Jianping, director of the bureau. “Led by the central government, Shanghai is making efforts to develop long-term solutions to garbage management.”
However, there have also been some problems. Some people complained that it is difficult to deal with wet garbage, as they are asked to remove wet garbage from its bag when dumping (倾倒).
According to the sorting rules, the wet garbage must go in the wet waste bin and the bag must go in the dry waste bin. This separation is necessary, as it ensures that the wet garbage will decompose (分解) properly and become useful organic (有机的) waste, the bureau said.
Plastic bags can affect this process. Some people in Shanghai are instead using paper bags that can biodegrade (生物降解) or plastic containers that can be washed and reused, according to Xinhua.
42．What should one people must do if he/she fails to sort their garbage properly?
A．Pay for two hundred yuan. B．Study the regulations.
C．Work for the residents. D．Nothing to do.
43．How many waste-sorting stations are rebuilt in Shanghai?
A．15, 500 B．40, 000 C．61, 000 D．21, 000
44．What can we know from this article?
A．What Shanghai do for their residents.
B．The reason of the garbage-sorting regulation and some achievements.
C．How Shanghai sorts their garbage.
D．How to protect our environment.
参考答案：
1．B
2．D
3．B
4．A
5．C
【分析】
文章介绍了回收垃圾、重复利用的好处，都有利于环境的保护，对于我们以及我们的子孙后代都是非常有利的，并呼吁建立完善的回收机制，让资源得以保证，让环境得到净化。
1．
段落大意题。根据“Recycling is a way to take rubbish and turn it into new products. It’s helpful to our environment. There are a number of different recycling steps that allow materials to be used more than once.”可知，本段主要说明回收对环境是有帮助的，故选B。
2．
细节理解题。根据“There are a number of advantages for recycling. These include: Landfills—Recycling materials means less rubbish and saves space in landfills. Resources—When we use materials again, this means we can take fewer resources from the earth. Pollution—in general, recycling materials can produce less pollution, helping to keep our environment clean.”可知，回收可以减少垃圾并节省空间，可以产生较少的污染，故选D。
3．
细节理解题。根据“Plastics are usually marked with an identification code that shows a recycling symbol and a number from 1 to 7.”可知，塑料通常标有一个标识码，故选B。
4．
词义猜测题。根据“This is the only way out for handling rubbish without causing danger to the environment and our health.”可知，这是处理垃圾的唯一方法，不会对环境和我们的健康造成危险。所以单词“handling”指的是“处理”，故选A。
5．
主旨大意题。根据“For ourselves, our children and our children’s children, let’s take action NOW!”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要通过介绍垃圾回收的好处呼吁人们应该采取行动回收垃圾。故选C。
6．C
7．C
8．C
9．D
10．A
【导语】
本文主要介绍了垃圾分类的一些信息。
6．推理判断题。根据“the green is for kitchen waste”可知鱼骨是厨房垃圾，应放入绿色垃圾桶，故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据“PMD waste: Packaging made of Plastic or Metal and drink boxes are used to make new packaging.”（PMD废物：用塑料或金属制成的包装和饮料盒用于制作新包装。）可知饮料盒属于PMD废物。故选C。
8．细节理解题。根据“To find out more about recycling, you can visit our school website.”可知学校网站上有关于回收利用的信息。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据“Besides, if you don’t need your old bikes at all, our school volunteers will collect them. We’re going to fix them up and then give them away to kids who don’t have enough money for a bike.”可知如果你把你的旧自行车给志愿者，它将被修理好并送给贫穷的孩子们。故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据“With the World Environment Day coming, our school is now requiring every student to form a habit of sorting the waste. ”可推知作者写这篇文章是为了向学生介绍垃圾分类，故选A。
11．D
12．D
13．A
14．B
【导语】
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章简要介绍了北京新近投放使用的智能垃圾分类系统，并对垃圾处理方式这一问题进行说明，最后也介绍了澳大利亚的垃圾箱使用情况。
11．
细节理解题。根据第一段“Local people not only sort their rubbish, but also put QR codes（二维码）on it.”可知当地人不仅把他们的垃圾进行分类，还把二维码帖在上面。故选D。
12．
细节理解题。根据第四段“Landfills（填埋场）take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby.”可知垃圾填埋场占用了大量的土地面积，对附近的土壤和水域也有污染的危险。故选D。
13．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“the red lid（盖子）bin for “general waste” like food and plastic bags”可知在澳大利亚，装像食物和塑料袋这类“一般垃圾”的垃圾箱是红色盖子的，说明要扔厨余垃圾应该扔在红色盖子的垃圾箱里。故选A。
14．
细节理解题。根据第四段“Landfills（填埋场）take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby.”可知垃圾填埋场占用了大量的土地面积，对附近的土壤和水域也有污染的危险。故选B。
15．C
16．A
17．D
18．B
19．C
【导语】
本文介绍4个国家垃圾分类的方式。
15．
推理判断题。根据“Countries”一栏以及整篇内容介绍，可知这里是不同国家高科技垃圾分类的方式。因此最有可能在报纸的“世界各地”专栏看到这篇文章，故选C。
16．
细节理解题。根据“Some people might find it hard to tell which piece of rubbish goes in which bin. A mini app (应用软件) in Alipay (支付宝) can help.”可知，在中国，一个应用软件可以帮助中国人正确分类垃圾。故选A。
17．
细节理解题。根据“Rubbish sorting has been practiced for many years and Japanese people have a good habit of rubbish sorting.”可知，在日本，人们养成了垃圾分类的好习惯。故选D。
18．
细节理解题。根据“The robot can sort 60 different kinds of rubbish per minute.”可知，这个机器人每分钟可以分类60种不同的垃圾，而不是60多种垃圾，B项表示有误，故选B。
19．
主旨大意题。根据“Countries”和“Rubbish Sorting (分类)”可知，本文主要介绍了4个国家垃圾分类的方式。故选C。
20．D
21．B
22．D
23．A
【导语】
本文主要介绍了一款由美国学生设计的帮助回收利用的应用程序。
20．细节理解题。根据第二段中“It provides users with a map of local recycling centers.”可知这款应用程序为用户提供当地回收中心的地图。故选D。
21．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“The nine students came up with the idea for Recycling Bin when they saw a need for more recycling in their community.”可知当这九名学生看到他们的社区需要更多的回收利用时，他们就想设计出一款应用程序来解决这个问题。故选B。
22．判断推理题。根据最后一段Seralyn Blake的话“I was so excited when it went up on the app store…A lot of my family members downloaded (下载) the app. It was pretty cool.”可推断出这款应用程序受到用户们的喜欢，都纷纷下载使用。故选D。
23．最佳标题题。结合全文内容可知本文主要介绍了一款由美国学生设计的帮助回收利用的应用程序，因此选项A“学生的应用程序可以帮助回收”可作为本文标题。故选A。
24．D
25．D
26．C
27．A
28．B
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界各地的垃圾分类。
24．
细节理解题。根据“A new rubbish sorting system has been put into use in Beijing. Local people not only sort their rubbish, but also put QR codes on it.”可知，北京居民使用二维码丢垃圾，故选D。
25．
细节理解题。根据“Landfills take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby. And burning rubbish can produce harmful gases.”可知，垃圾填埋场占用大量土地，并有污染附近土壤和水的风险，燃烧垃圾会产生有害气体。故选D。
26．
段落大意题。根据第五段“What’s more, rubbish soiling saves resources, which could bring economic benefits.”可知，第五段在讨论垃圾分类的经济效益，故选C。
27．
推理判断题。根据“In Australia, every family is provided with three rubbish bins—the red lid bin for “general waste” like food and plastic bags”可知，在澳大利亚，红盖子的垃圾桶可以丢食物、塑料袋这类垃圾。故选A。
28．
推理判断题。根据“Landfills take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby. And burning rubbish can produce harmful gases.”可知，垃圾填埋场占用大量土地，燃烧垃圾会产生有害气体。故选B。
29．C
30．A
31．D
32．B
33．A
【导语】
本文介绍了实施垃圾分类的原因以及世界上其他国家和我国上海的垃圾分类和回收政策。
29．
推理判断题。根据“Shanghai introduced a new garbage-sorting policy (垃圾分类政策) on July 1, 2019.”和“Other cities in China will do the same soon.”可知，2019年7月1日上海开始实施垃圾分类政策，中国的其他城市不久之后也会这样做。故可推知上海是中国第一个实施垃圾分类政策的城市。故选C。
30．
细节理解题。根据“For example, if you put an old battery (电池) into the “harmful waste” bin, people can use it to make new batteries. But if you don’t, the battery will end up somewhere else. Then, it will pollute the environment.”可知，电池如果被放入有害垃圾分类箱会得到合理的回收利用，如果被扔到其他分类箱会污染环境。由此可知作者举这个例子是为了告诉我们垃圾分类的重要性。故选A。
31．
细节理解题。根据“People can take buses for free if they give plastic bottles to bus stations. An hour-long bus ride costs three large bottles.”可知，在印度尼西亚，人们如果把塑料瓶交给公交车站，就可以免费乘坐公交车。故选D。
32．
细节理解题。根据“Recyclable garbage includes paper,…”可知，纸类垃圾属于可回收垃圾，报纸属于纸类，故它属于可回收垃圾。故选B。
33．
最佳标题题。本文介绍了实施垃圾分类的原因以及世界上其他国家和我国上海的垃圾分类和回收政策。故A项“垃圾分类，拯救地球”最符合文意，是最佳标题；B、C、D项均未明确提到本文的中心——垃圾分类。故选A。
34．B
35．C
36．D
37．A
38．A
【导语】
本文主要介绍了垃圾分类的相关知识。
34．
细节理解题。根据“At present, waste in our life can mainly be divided into four kinds”可知，主要有四种垃圾。故选B。
35．
细节理解题。根据“The kitchen waste includes vegetable leaves, peel, bone and others.”可知，蔬菜叶是厨余垃圾；再由“Kitchen waste should be collected in the green bin.”可知，应放进绿色垃圾桶。故选C。
36．
细节理解题。根据“Do you know what recyclable waste means? It’s the material that can be recycled or reused, including paper, plastics, glass, metals and so on.”可知，纸、玻璃、金属属于可回收垃圾，D项不属于。故选D。
37．
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了垃圾分类的相关知识，属于科普知识，由此可推知，可以在科学书上读到这篇文章。故选A。
38．
标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了垃圾分类的相关知识。用“Waste Sorting”作为本文标题最合适。故选A。
39．A
40．C
41．C
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。介绍了宁波市为了改善环境所做出的努力，主要介绍了垃圾分类的相关措施，
39．
细节理解题。根据“If a person fails to put rubbish into trash bins properly and refuses to correct the mistake, he will be fined up to 200 yuan.”可知，如果一个人没有在正确地进行垃圾分类，会被罚款200元，故选A。
40．
细节理解题。根据“Dabashou Recycle, a smart rubbish classification machine, will provide its users with nice gifts-or money through an App after they put the waste into the right trash bin.”可知，搭把手回收会给正确进行垃圾分类的人送礼物或是钱。故选C。
41．
主旨大意题。根据“Different cities are carrying out different ways to improve the living environment. What has been done in Ningbo? Let’s go and have a look.”可知，文章是在讲述宁波为了改善环境所做的努力。故选C。
42．A
43．D
44．B
【导语】
本文主要介绍了上海的垃圾分类的规则、原因以及取得的成绩。
42．
细节理解题。根据“If people fail to sort their garbage properly, they can be fined up to 200 yuan.”可知如果一个人没有正确地进行垃圾分类，会被处以最高200元的罚款。故选A。
43．
细节理解题。根据“The city also rebuilt 21, 000 waste-sorting stations”可知上海重建了21000个垃圾分类站。故选D。
44．
细节理解题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了上海的垃圾分类的规则、原因以及取得的成绩。故选B。
备战中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练
(中考真题+名校最新模拟真题)
专题08 垃圾分类
（2021·广西梧州·中考真题）
Recycling is a way to take rubbish and turn it into new products. It’s helpful to our environment. There are a number of different recycling steps that allow materials to be used more than once.
All kinds of materials can be recycled. Some of the most common things in use today include recycling plastic, glass, metals and paper. Things made of these materials include soda cans, plastic milk boxes, newspapers, computers and cardboard boxes.
There are a number of advantages for recycling. These include: Landfills—Recycling materials means less rubbish and saves space in landfills. Resources—When we use materials again, this means we can take fewer resources from the earth. Pollution—in general, recycling materials can produce less pollution, helping to keep our environment clean.
Be sure to recycle everything you can in your house and school. There is almost a “recycle” rubbish can around. Be sure to drop your used aluminum cans and plastic bottles there. At home, be sure to put paper things like the newspapers, paper boxes, and homework pages into the recycle box.
Plastics are usually marked with an identification code that shows a recycling symbol and a number from 1 to 7. This shows that the type of chemicals, or materials, is used in making the plastic. Used paper can be recycled around seven times.
It is high time we set up a recycle station in every street, across the city and the country, so the cleaners can transport the rubbish conveniently. This is the only way out for handling rubbish without causing danger to the environment and our health. For ourselves, our children and our children’s children, let’s take action NOW!
1．From the first paragraph, we know that ________.
A．we can make more money from recycling
B．recycling is helpful to our environment
C．recycling is common and popular
D．there is too much rubbish around us
2．In paragraph 3, we know that recycling has many advantages including ________.
A．less rubbish B．more space
C．less pollution D．all the above
3．What kinds of materials are usually marked with an identification code?
A．Paper. B．Plastics. C．Glass. D．Metals.
4．The underlined word “handling” in the last paragraph means ________ in Chinese.
A．处理 B．生产 C．收购 D．变卖
5．What does the writer mainly want to tell us?
A．We should recycle everything in our daily life.
B．Many resources can be saved by recycling.
C．We should take action to recycle rubbish.
D．Recycle stations should be set up in the street.
（2022·广东·河源市第二中学一模）
It’s not WASTE until it is WASTED!
With the World Environment Day coming, our school is now requiring every student to form a habit of sorting the waste. Here in our schoolyard we lay four different colors of rubbish bins for different kinds of rubbish. The red is for harmful waste; the blue is for waste that can be recycled; the green is for kitchen waste; the yellow is for other waste.
The followings are some instructions for you.
Glass: Empty bottles without caps can be recycled to make new glass bottles.
Warning: Mirrors and light bulbs must not be included in the glass waste.
Paper: Newspapers, magazines, boxes must be clean enough to be recycled.
Warning: Paper tissues and wallpaper are not recyclable as paper and should be kept separately.
PMD waste: Packaging made of Plastic or Metal and drink boxes are used to make new packaging.
Warning: Plastic pots (e.g. yogurt pots), plastic bags must not be included in the PMD waste.
Harmful waste: out-of-date drugs, used batteries(电池), paint and oil …
Besides, if you don’t need your old bikes at all, our school volunteers will collect them. We’re going to fix them up and then give them away to kids who don’t have enough money for a bike.
To find out more about recycling, you can visit our school website.
6． According to the passage, the fish bones(骨) should be thrown in the ________ bin.
A．red B．blue C．green D．yellow
7．From the passage, we can know that ________ can be included with the PMD waste.
A．yogurt pots B．plastic bags C．drink boxes D．out-of-date drugs
8．Which of the following is true?
A．All kinds of paper can be recycled.
B．Used batteries should be thrown into the blue bins.
C．There is information about recycling on the school website.
D．Mirrors and light bulbs can be made into new glass bottles.
9．If you give your old bike to the volunteers, it will be ________.
A．sold to collect money for the poor kids B．given away immediately to the poor kids
C．fixed up and given back to you for free D．fixed up and given away to the poor kids
10．The main purpose of this passage is ________.
A．to introduce waste sorting to the students B．to look for volunteers for waste sorting
C．to introduce the World Environment Day D．to advertise glass, paper and plastic products
（2022·山东·金乡县教学研究室三模）
A new rubbish sorting system has been put into use in Beijing. Local people not only sort their rubbish, but also put QR codes（二维码）on it.
“When the rubbish is collected and the codes are seen, I will get reward points to exchange for small gifts and even some money,” a local people said. “It’s really creative and encouraging.”
This smart system has been carried out in 350 communities in Beijing. The capital of China has joined a list of cities in the country that take action to support rubbish sorting. For example, Shenzhen and Shanghai have made laws to punish for not sorting rubbish correctly.
China produces quite a lot of rubbish every year. Much of the rubbish is buried（填埋）in soil or burned without being sorted. Landfills（填埋场）take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby. And burning rubbish can produce harmful gases. Through rubbish sorting, we can reduce the use of landfills and air pollution.
What’s more, rubbish sorting saves resources, which could bring economic benefits（利益）. For example, a ton of waste paper can be reused to make about 850kg of paper, saving 17 trees and 50 percent of water. Because of their benefits, some countries have developed successful sorting systems.
In Australia, every family is provided with three rubbish bins—the red lid（盖子）bin for “general waste” like food and plastic bags, the yellow lid bin for “recycling” like steel and glass, and the green lid bin for “green waste” such as grass and leaves. On the streets, the bins are printed with pictures of the things that are allowed inside. It makes recycling quite easy.
11．When using the new rubbish system in Beijing, people will use ________ .
A． B． C． D．
12．What are the consequences（后果）of burying rubbish?
①Polluting soil. ②Polluting water. ③Saving resources. ④Taking up a lot of land. ⑤Producing terrible air.
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③⑤ D．①②④
13．In Australia, which bin should you put food left after dinner in?
A．The red lid bin. B．The yellow lid bin.
C．The green lid bin. D．The black lid bin.
14．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．Shenzhen still hasn’t joined to take action to sort rubbish.
B．Burying rubbish takes up lots of land and produces pollution.
C．Rubbish sorting could bring few economic benefits.
D．Australia hasn’t developed ways of sorting rubbish correctly.
（2022·内蒙古·呼伦贝尔市海拉尔区教育研修中心一模）
Countries
Rubbish Sorting (分类)
China
Some people might find it hard to tell which piece of rubbish goes in which bin. A mini app (应用软件) in Alipay (支付宝) can help. Type in the name of the rubbish and the app will give you an answer right away.
The US
A company’s robot knows the rubbish smartly and quickly. It can sort food boxes and drink bottles by scanning their logos (图标). The robot can sort 60 different kinds of rubbish per minute.
Canada
A company uses computer technology to sort rubbish on a moving belt (皮带). The more sorting it does, the better it will perform, as it learns from its work.
Japan
Rubbish sorting has been practiced for many years and Japanese people have a good habit of rubbish sorting. Japanese people consider it a shame when they make wrong sorting.
15． In which column (专栏) of a newspaper can we probably read this passage?
A．Sports Report. B．Movie Review.
C．Around the World. D．Advertisement.
16．What can help people to sort rubbish properly in China?
A．An app. B．A robot.
C．computer technology. D．Good habit.
17．In which country do people have a good habit about rubbish sorting?
A．China. B．America. C．Canada. D．Japan.
18．Which is Not True according to the passage?
A．A mini app in Alipay can type in the name of the rubbish.
B．A company’s robot in US can sort over 60 kinds of rubbish every minute.
C．A company in Canada uses computer technology to sort rubbish on a moving belt.
D．Japan has been practicing rubbish sorting for lots of years.
19．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．All countries have ways of rubbish sorting.
B．How to sort rubbish.
C．Different ways of sorting rubbish in 4 countries.
D．Rubbish Sorting is quite important and necessary.
（2022·浙江杭州·二模）We all know that recycling rubbish is very important. But sometimes it is not so convenient when we can’t find a recycling bin anywhere.
Now a team of middle school students from North Dakota, US, has solved that problem. They turned their idea into reality with their Recycling Bin App (应用程序). This app encourages people to recycle. It provides users with a map of local recycling centers. And it allows them to save locations as favorites. Besides, this app also reminds users to recycle.
The group of nine sixth-graders is from STEM Center Middle School. They came up with the idea as part of a school project for the Verizon Innovative App Challenge. Their school provides professional app training. It gave 10 teams Samsung tablets as prizes.
The contest aims to develop interest in science, technology, engineering and math. In this contest, students present an app design that could solve a problem in their school or community. The nine students came up with the idea for Recycling Bin when they saw a need for more recycling in their community.
“We thought that this would really help a lot of people,” Jaden Hilkemann, 12, told Time For Kids.
They kept their design simple so that anyone could use it. Now the free Recycling Bin App has been put into use in the app store.
“I was so excited when it went up on the app store,” Seralyn Blake, 12, said. “A lot of my family members downloaded (下载) the app. It was pretty cool.”
20．What could the Recycling Bin App provide us?
A．A recycling bin. B．A recycling bike.
C．A recycling center. D．A map of local recycling centers.
21．Why did the nine six-graders want to design the app?
A．Because their teachers asked them to do so.
B．Because they saw the need for more recycling in their community.
C．Because they wanted to get successful.
D．Because they wanted to get the money from the school.
22．What did the people think of their app?
A．They thought it was expensive. B．They thought it was difficult to use.
C．They didn’t like it. D．They liked it and downloaded it to use.
23．What is the best title of the passage?
A．Students’ App Can Help Recycling B．Students’App Won a Prize
C．School Professional App Training D．A Recycling Bin App for School
（2022·福建三明·二模）
A new rubbish sorting system has been put into use in Beijing. Local people not only sort their rubbish, but also put QR codes（二维码）on it.
“When the rubbish is collected and the codes are seen, I will get reward points to exchange for small gifts and even some money,” a local people said. “It’s really creative and encouraging.”
This smart system has been carried out in 350 communities in Beijing. The capital of China has joined a list of cities in the country that take action to support rubbish sorting. For example, Shenzhen and Shanghai have made laws to punish for not sorting rubbish correctly.
China produces quite a lot of rubbish every year. Much of the rubbish is buried（填埋）in soil or burned without being sorted. Landfills（填埋场）take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby. And burning rubbish can produce harmful gases. Through rubbish sorting, we can reduce the use of landfills and air pollution.
What’s more, rubbish soiling saves resources, which could bring economic benefits（利益）. For example, a ton of waste paper can be reused to make about 850kg of paper, saving 17 trees and 50 percent of water. Because of their benefits, some countries have developed successful sorting systems.
In Australia, every family is provided with three rubbish bins—the red lid（盖子）bin for “general waste” like food and plastic bags, the yellow lid bin for “recycling” like steel and glass, and the green lid bin for “green waste” such as grass and leaves. On the streets, the bins are printed with pictures of the things that are allowed inside. It makes recycling quite easy.
24．When using the new rubbish system in Beijing, people will use ________.
A． B． C． D．
25．What are the consequences （后果）of burying rubbish?
①Polluting soil. ②Polluting water. ③Saving resources.
④Taking up a lot of land.⑤Producing terrible air.
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③⑤ D．①②④
26．Which paragraph discusses the economic benefits of rubbish sorting?
A．Paragraph 3. B．Paragraph 4. C．Paragraph 5. D．Paragraph 6.
27．In Australia, which bin should you put food left after dinner in?
A．The red lid bin. B．The yellow lid bin.
C．The green lid bin. D．The black lid bin.
28．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．Shenzhen still hasn’t joined to take action to sort rubbish.
B．Burying rubbish takes up lots of land and produces pollution.
C．Rubbish sorting could bring few economic benefits.
D．Australia hasn’t made laws to punish not sorting rubbish correctly.
（2022·山东济南·二模）Shanghai introduced a new garbage-sorting policy (垃圾分类政策) on July 1, 2019. People there need to put different kinds of garbage into different bins. Other cities in China will do the same soon.
Garbage sorting is a big problem because there is too much garbage these days. It is bad for our environment. In fact, we can make use of some garbage again. But first, we need to sort it.
For example, if you put an old battery (电池) into the “harmful waste” bin, people can use it to make new batteries. But if you don’t, the battery will end up somewhere else. Then, it will pollute the environment.
Garbage sorting and recycling around the world
Germany: There are big machines in supermarkets. You can put bottles in the machines and get money back.
Japan: A truck playing music comes to people’s doors to pick up their garbage. There are eight or more kinds of garbage. If you sort any of them wrong, you will get a notice on your door.
Indonesia: People can take buses for free if they give plastic bottles to bus stations. An hour-long bus ride costs three large bottles.
Four kinds of garbage in Shanghai
Recyclable garbage includes paper, books, plastic items, and glass bottles. Harmful garbage includes lamps, batteries, and other things with harmful chemicals. Wet garbage usually comes from the kitchen, such as food and vegetables. Dry garbage is anything you cannot put into the other three bins such as pens and towels.
29．What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A．Many countries take Shanghai’s garbage-sorting policy.
B．Many other cities in China have garbage-sorting policies.
C．Shanghai is the first city in China to make a garbage-sorting policy.
D．China is the first country in the world to make a garbage-sorting policy.
30．The writer gives the “battery” example to tell us ________.
A．the importance of garbage sorting B．how to sort our garbage
C．what harmful waste is D．the difficulty of garbage sorting
31．If you ________, you can take a free bus ride in Indonesia.
A．put bottles in a machine B．put garbage into different bins
C．get a notice on the door D．take plastic bottles to the station
32．Which bin should “newspapers” go to?
A． B． C． D．
33．Which is the best title for the passage?
A．Sort Garbage, Save the Earth B．Less Garbage, Cleaner Environment
C．Clean Shanghai, Beautiful China D．Different Countries, Different Policies
（2022·云南红河·一模）When you go on the street, in the neighborhood and almost everywhere, you can always see four bins of different colors. It’s what China is carrying out (实施) — waste sorting (分类).
At present, waste in our life can mainly be divided into four kinds: recyclable waste, kitchen waste, harmful waste and other waste. Different kinds of waste should be put into different bins. Recyclable waste must be thrown into the blue bin. Kitchen waste should be collected in the green bin. Harmful waste should be in the red one and the grey one is for other waste.
Do you know what recyclable waste means? It’s the material that can be recycled or reused, including paper, plastics, glass, metals and so on. The kitchen waste includes vegetable leaves, peel, bone and others. Harmful waste is bad for people’s health and the environment. It needs to be carefully dealt with. Some may be buried and some may be burned.
There are many advantages of waste sorting. It helps to turn the waste into useful things. Chinese people, old and young, are learning environmental protection. Students in schools often take part in environmental projects. Actually, it’s not difficult for us to do this simple thing but our actions can make a great difference to the city. So take action now. Each of us should play a part in saving the environment.
34．There are mainly ________ kinds of waste in our life.
A．3 B．4 C．5 D．6
35．Vegetable leaves should be put into the ________ bin.
A．red B．blue C．green D．grey
36．Which of the following doesn’t belong to recyclable waste?
A．Paper. B．Glass. C．Metal. D．Peel.
37．You can read the passage in ________.
A．a science book B．a story book C．a guide book D．a travel diary
38．What’s the best title of the passage?
A．Waste Sorting B．Different Kinds of Waste
C．Recyclable Materials D．Ways to Save the Environment
（2022·浙江绍兴·一模）
Rubbish classification(分类)has swept China and become a new fashion nowadays. Different cities are carrying out different ways to improve the living environment. What has been done in Ningbo? Let’s go and have a look.
A new law about rubbish classification was passed in February, 2019. According to the law, rubbish must be classified into recyclables, kitchen waste, harmful waste and other waste. If a person fails to put rubbish into trash bins properly and refuses to correct the mistake, he will be fined up to 200 yuan. For companies, the fine can go up to 2,000-5,000yuan.
High technologies are used to deal with rubbish classification. Dabashou Recycle, a smart rubbish classification machine, will provide its users with nice gifts or money through an App after they put the waste into the right trash bin. It greatly encourages people to learn to save waste for better use and get into a good habit of rubbish classification.
Many schools give lessons on rubbish classification and offer students chances to put what they have learnt into practice by volunteering. Theme activities like”Clean Your Plate” are also carried out to cut down on food waste in schools. Besides, students are asked to write down their thoughts and suggestions about rubbish classification for the government.
39． If anyone in Ningbo doesn’t put rubbish into trash bins properly, he may be fined up to ________.
A．￥200 B．￥500 C．￥2,000 D．￥5,000
40．It can be learnt from the passage that Dabashou Recycle ________.
A．is a big recycling company in Ningbo
B．was put into use in Ningbo in February, 2019
C．offers people gifts if they classify waste correctly
D．teaches students how to put waste into the right trash bin
41．The text mainly shows Ningbo’s efforts in ________.
A．using new technology B．cutting down food waste
C．improving the environment D．developing science education
（2022·安徽·一模）Shanghai is the first city to carry out strict regulations (规章) on garbage sorting and recycling on July 1, 2019. Shanghai requires its residents (居民) to sort garbage into four categories (类别), namely recyclable, harmful, dry and wet waste. If people fail to sort their garbage properly, they can be fined up to 200 yuan.
Since the regulation took effect, the amount of total daily waste in Shanghai has been reduced by an average of 15, 500 tons, dropping 26 percent from the end of 2018, while the average daily weight of recyclables hits 4, 500 tons, five times higher than the end of 2018, according to the Shanghai Landscaping and City Appearance Administrative Bureau.
The city also rebuilt 21, 000 waste-sorting stations and more than 40, 000 waste bins have been dated (更新). The city’s waste collection and transportation system is complete, according to the bureau.
“Proper waste sorting protects the environment and saves natural resources,” said Deng Jianping, director of the bureau. “Led by the central government, Shanghai is making efforts to develop long-term solutions to garbage management.”
However, there have also been some problems. Some people complained that it is difficult to deal with wet garbage, as they are asked to remove wet garbage from its bag when dumping (倾倒).
According to the sorting rules, the wet garbage must go in the wet waste bin and the bag must go in the dry waste bin. This separation is necessary, as it ensures that the wet garbage will decompose (分解) properly and become useful organic (有机的) waste, the bureau said.
Plastic bags can affect this process. Some people in Shanghai are instead using paper bags that can biodegrade (生物降解) or plastic containers that can be washed and reused, according to Xinhua.
42．What should one people must do if he/she fails to sort their garbage properly?
A．Pay for two hundred yuan. B．Study the regulations.
C．Work for the residents. D．Nothing to do.
43．How many waste-sorting stations are rebuilt in Shanghai?
A．15, 500 B．40, 000 C．61, 000 D．21, 000
44．What can we know from this article?
A．What Shanghai do for their residents.
B．The reason of the garbage-sorting regulation and some achievements.
C．How Shanghai sorts their garbage.
D．How to protect our environment.
参考答案：
1．B
2．D
3．B
4．A
5．C
【分析】
文章介绍了回收垃圾、重复利用的好处，都有利于环境的保护，对于我们以及我们的子孙后代都是非常有利的，并呼吁建立完善的回收机制，让资源得以保证，让环境得到净化。
1．
段落大意题。根据“Recycling is a way to take rubbish and turn it into new products. It’s helpful to our environment. There are a number of different recycling steps that allow materials to be used more than once.”可知，本段主要说明回收对环境是有帮助的，故选B。
2．
细节理解题。根据“There are a number of advantages for recycling. These include: Landfills—Recycling materials means less rubbish and saves space in landfills. Resources—When we use materials again, this means we can take fewer resources from the earth. Pollution—in general, recycling materials can produce less pollution, helping to keep our environment clean.”可知，回收可以减少垃圾并节省空间，可以产生较少的污染，故选D。
3．
细节理解题。根据“Plastics are usually marked with an identification code that shows a recycling symbol and a number from 1 to 7.”可知，塑料通常标有一个标识码，故选B。
4．
词义猜测题。根据“This is the only way out for handling rubbish without causing danger to the environment and our health.”可知，这是处理垃圾的唯一方法，不会对环境和我们的健康造成危险。所以单词“handling”指的是“处理”，故选A。
5．
主旨大意题。根据“For ourselves, our children and our children’s children, let’s take action NOW!”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要通过介绍垃圾回收的好处呼吁人们应该采取行动回收垃圾。故选C。
6．C
7．C
8．C
9．D
10．A
【导语】
本文主要介绍了垃圾分类的一些信息。
6．推理判断题。根据“the green is for kitchen waste”可知鱼骨是厨房垃圾，应放入绿色垃圾桶，故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据“PMD waste: Packaging made of Plastic or Metal and drink boxes are used to make new packaging.”（PMD废物：用塑料或金属制成的包装和饮料盒用于制作新包装。）可知饮料盒属于PMD废物。故选C。
8．细节理解题。根据“To find out more about recycling, you can visit our school website.”可知学校网站上有关于回收利用的信息。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据“Besides, if you don’t need your old bikes at all, our school volunteers will collect them. We’re going to fix them up and then give them away to kids who don’t have enough money for a bike.”可知如果你把你的旧自行车给志愿者，它将被修理好并送给贫穷的孩子们。故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据“With the World Environment Day coming, our school is now requiring every student to form a habit of sorting the waste. ”可推知作者写这篇文章是为了向学生介绍垃圾分类，故选A。
11．D
12．D
13．A
14．B
【导语】
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章简要介绍了北京新近投放使用的智能垃圾分类系统，并对垃圾处理方式这一问题进行说明，最后也介绍了澳大利亚的垃圾箱使用情况。
11．
细节理解题。根据第一段“Local people not only sort their rubbish, but also put QR codes（二维码）on it.”可知当地人不仅把他们的垃圾进行分类，还把二维码帖在上面。故选D。
12．
细节理解题。根据第四段“Landfills（填埋场）take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby.”可知垃圾填埋场占用了大量的土地面积，对附近的土壤和水域也有污染的危险。故选D。
13．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“the red lid（盖子）bin for “general waste” like food and plastic bags”可知在澳大利亚，装像食物和塑料袋这类“一般垃圾”的垃圾箱是红色盖子的，说明要扔厨余垃圾应该扔在红色盖子的垃圾箱里。故选A。
14．
细节理解题。根据第四段“Landfills（填埋场）take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby.”可知垃圾填埋场占用了大量的土地面积，对附近的土壤和水域也有污染的危险。故选B。
15．C
16．A
17．D
18．B
19．C
【导语】
本文介绍4个国家垃圾分类的方式。
15．
推理判断题。根据“Countries”一栏以及整篇内容介绍，可知这里是不同国家高科技垃圾分类的方式。因此最有可能在报纸的“世界各地”专栏看到这篇文章，故选C。
16．
细节理解题。根据“Some people might find it hard to tell which piece of rubbish goes in which bin. A mini app (应用软件) in Alipay (支付宝) can help.”可知，在中国，一个应用软件可以帮助中国人正确分类垃圾。故选A。
17．
细节理解题。根据“Rubbish sorting has been practiced for many years and Japanese people have a good habit of rubbish sorting.”可知，在日本，人们养成了垃圾分类的好习惯。故选D。
18．
细节理解题。根据“The robot can sort 60 different kinds of rubbish per minute.”可知，这个机器人每分钟可以分类60种不同的垃圾，而不是60多种垃圾，B项表示有误，故选B。
19．
主旨大意题。根据“Countries”和“Rubbish Sorting (分类)”可知，本文主要介绍了4个国家垃圾分类的方式。故选C。
20．D
21．B
22．D
23．A
【导语】
本文主要介绍了一款由美国学生设计的帮助回收利用的应用程序。
20．细节理解题。根据第二段中“It provides users with a map of local recycling centers.”可知这款应用程序为用户提供当地回收中心的地图。故选D。
21．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“The nine students came up with the idea for Recycling Bin when they saw a need for more recycling in their community.”可知当这九名学生看到他们的社区需要更多的回收利用时，他们就想设计出一款应用程序来解决这个问题。故选B。
22．判断推理题。根据最后一段Seralyn Blake的话“I was so excited when it went up on the app store…A lot of my family members downloaded (下载) the app. It was pretty cool.”可推断出这款应用程序受到用户们的喜欢，都纷纷下载使用。故选D。
23．最佳标题题。结合全文内容可知本文主要介绍了一款由美国学生设计的帮助回收利用的应用程序，因此选项A“学生的应用程序可以帮助回收”可作为本文标题。故选A。
24．D
25．D
26．C
27．A
28．B
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界各地的垃圾分类。
24．
细节理解题。根据“A new rubbish sorting system has been put into use in Beijing. Local people not only sort their rubbish, but also put QR codes on it.”可知，北京居民使用二维码丢垃圾，故选D。
25．
细节理解题。根据“Landfills take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby. And burning rubbish can produce harmful gases.”可知，垃圾填埋场占用大量土地，并有污染附近土壤和水的风险，燃烧垃圾会产生有害气体。故选D。
26．
段落大意题。根据第五段“What’s more, rubbish soiling saves resources, which could bring economic benefits.”可知，第五段在讨论垃圾分类的经济效益，故选C。
27．
推理判断题。根据“In Australia, every family is provided with three rubbish bins—the red lid bin for “general waste” like food and plastic bags”可知，在澳大利亚，红盖子的垃圾桶可以丢食物、塑料袋这类垃圾。故选A。
28．
推理判断题。根据“Landfills take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby. And burning rubbish can produce harmful gases.”可知，垃圾填埋场占用大量土地，燃烧垃圾会产生有害气体。故选B。
29．C
30．A
31．D
32．B
33．A
【导语】
本文介绍了实施垃圾分类的原因以及世界上其他国家和我国上海的垃圾分类和回收政策。
29．
推理判断题。根据“Shanghai introduced a new garbage-sorting policy (垃圾分类政策) on July 1, 2019.”和“Other cities in China will do the same soon.”可知，2019年7月1日上海开始实施垃圾分类政策，中国的其他城市不久之后也会这样做。故可推知上海是中国第一个实施垃圾分类政策的城市。故选C。
30．
细节理解题。根据“For example, if you put an old battery (电池) into the “harmful waste” bin, people can use it to make new batteries. But if you don’t, the battery will end up somewhere else. Then, it will pollute the environment.”可知，电池如果被放入有害垃圾分类箱会得到合理的回收利用，如果被扔到其他分类箱会污染环境。由此可知作者举这个例子是为了告诉我们垃圾分类的重要性。故选A。
31．
细节理解题。根据“People can take buses for free if they give plastic bottles to bus stations. An hour-long bus ride costs three large bottles.”可知，在印度尼西亚，人们如果把塑料瓶交给公交车站，就可以免费乘坐公交车。故选D。
32．
细节理解题。根据“Recyclable garbage includes paper,…”可知，纸类垃圾属于可回收垃圾，报纸属于纸类，故它属于可回收垃圾。故选B。
33．
最佳标题题。本文介绍了实施垃圾分类的原因以及世界上其他国家和我国上海的垃圾分类和回收政策。故A项“垃圾分类，拯救地球”最符合文意，是最佳标题；B、C、D项均未明确提到本文的中心——垃圾分类。故选A。
34．B
35．C
36．D
37．A
38．A
【导语】
本文主要介绍了垃圾分类的相关知识。
34．
细节理解题。根据“At present, waste in our life can mainly be divided into four kinds”可知，主要有四种垃圾。故选B。
35．
细节理解题。根据“The kitchen waste includes vegetable leaves, peel, bone and others.”可知，蔬菜叶是厨余垃圾；再由“Kitchen waste should be collected in the green bin.”可知，应放进绿色垃圾桶。故选C。
36．
细节理解题。根据“Do you know what recyclable waste means? It’s the material that can be recycled or reused, including paper, plastics, glass, metals and so on.”可知，纸、玻璃、金属属于可回收垃圾，D项不属于。故选D。
37．
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了垃圾分类的相关知识，属于科普知识，由此可推知，可以在科学书上读到这篇文章。故选A。
38．
标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了垃圾分类的相关知识。用“Waste Sorting”作为本文标题最合适。故选A。
39．A
40．C
41．C
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。介绍了宁波市为了改善环境所做出的努力，主要介绍了垃圾分类的相关措施，
39．
细节理解题。根据“If a person fails to put rubbish into trash bins properly and refuses to correct the mistake, he will be fined up to 200 yuan.”可知，如果一个人没有在正确地进行垃圾分类，会被罚款200元，故选A。
40．
细节理解题。根据“Dabashou Recycle, a smart rubbish classification machine, will provide its users with nice gifts-or money through an App after they put the waste into the right trash bin.”可知，搭把手回收会给正确进行垃圾分类的人送礼物或是钱。故选C。
41．
主旨大意题。根据“Different cities are carrying out different ways to improve the living environment. What has been done in Ningbo? Let’s go and have a look.”可知，文章是在讲述宁波为了改善环境所做的努力。故选C。
42．A
43．D
44．B
【导语】
本文主要介绍了上海的垃圾分类的规则、原因以及取得的成绩。
42．
细节理解题。根据“If people fail to sort their garbage properly, they can be fined up to 200 yuan.”可知如果一个人没有正确地进行垃圾分类，会被处以最高200元的罚款。故选A。
43．
细节理解题。根据“The city also rebuilt 21, 000 waste-sorting stations”可知上海重建了21000个垃圾分类站。故选D。
44．
细节理解题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了上海的垃圾分类的规则、原因以及取得的成绩。故选B。
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