2023届上海市嘉定区高三英语一模试卷及答案（不含听力原文）

这是一份2023届上海市嘉定区高三英语一模试卷及答案（不含听力原文），共24页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

(满分140分考试时间 120分钟)
I. Listening Cmprehensin
Sectin A (10 分)
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1. A.3:10.B.3:30.C.3:50.D.4:10.
2. A. Instructr and student.
B. Husband and wife.
C. Waiter and custmer.
D. Librarian and reader.
3. A. Mr. Tang and Mr. Zhang.
B. Mr. Zhang and Miss Qian.
C. Mr. Tang and Miss Qian.
D. Miss Qian and Jenny.
4. A. He will g t yga classes with the wman.
B. He will take sme phts abut yga.
C. He will think twice abut practicing yga.
D. He will treat the pain n his back first.
5. A. Where the party shuld be held.
B. Whether Diana's party is successful.
C. Wh remembers the party f last year.
D. What kind f tea is suitable fr the party.
6. A. Wmen like t take knitting as a hbby. .
B. Knitting takes practice befre it is easy.
C. It takes great effrts t prduce threads.
D. Knitting is nt as relaxing as it seems.
7. A. T tell him that they are busy.
B. T share the phne signal with him.
C. T ask him t give them a ride.
D. T invite him t d sprts tgether.
8. A. They dn't have a nrmal childhd.
B. They may utgrw their celebrity later.
C. The pressure they are under pays ff.
D. Their parents dn't cnsider their feelings.
9. A. Checking the materials the clthes are made frm.
B. Turning the clthes inside ut befre washing.
C. Srting ut the clthes by fabric weight.
D. Selecting the right number f clthes.
10. A. Only a minrity f peple have read his articles.
B. Few readers agree with his idea in the article.
C. His article desn't respnd t the key issue.
D. The wman fails t understand him.
Sectin B (15 分)
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw passages and ne lnger cnversatin. After each passage r cnversatin, yu will be asked several questins. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11. A. Lack f interest in study.
B. The shrtage f resurces.
C. Her lack f aim in life.
D. Her unrealistic dreams.
12. A. She kept trying even thugh she failed.
B. She wn a schlarship t study in China.
C. Her website earned her a lt f mney.
D. She built a library with her experience.
13. A. Trust yur instinct and fllw yur heart.
B. Learning a language is the key t success.
C. The mre yu expect, the mre disappinted yu will be.
D. The weak wait fr pprtunities; the strng create them.
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
14. A. It is used as medicine in Latin America.
B. It brings benefits t yur tngue.
C. It can spread seeds in nature.
D. It can cause a feeling f pain.
15. A. Because they bring a kind f nervus excitement.
B. Because they cntain anti-cancer prperties.
C. Because they are dangerusly beautiful.
D. Because they can turn animals away.
16. A. What scientists have knwn abut capsaicin.
B. Why chili peppers are used in Sichuan cuisine.
C. Hw ht fd affects yur bdy and feelings.
D. Where peple can find the best spicy fd.
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17. A. The screen is less bright than befre.
B. The display desn't shw any features.
C. The bike cannt be started when plugged.
D. The cmputer cannt cntrl the speed.
18. A. The cst is cvered by insurance.
B. The man has t pay mre than $75.
C. The cst fr labr is the highest.
D. Part replacing cmes at an extra cst.
19. A. On the mrning f Nvember 23".
B. On the afternn f December 8h.
C. On the afternn f Nvember 23"d.
D. On the mrning f December 8h.
20. A. Inquiry abut the repair f a prduct.
B. Cmplaint t the manager abut a prblem.
C. Negtiatin abut the service fees.
D. Making a purchase f an LCD screen.
II. Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A (10 分)
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passages cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Lvely Team Members
I fell in lve with rhins when I wrked in a z in the 80s, and spent much f the next 20 years as the keeper f the largest captive (圈养的) grup f rare black rhins.
Being aggressive and stupid is (21)______ impresses urban residents abut rhins, but I discvered a grup f sensitive, affectinate animals. (22) ______ (weigh) ver a tn, black rhins are unexpectedly alert and have an unpredictable nature. Hwever, (23) ______ given care and reassurance (安慰), they can be very trusting.
In the past few years, the number f rhins has drpped dramatically, during (24) ______ time I have helped lk after rhins being mved t reserves. Last year, I helped n a prject t fly five black rhins t the Serengeti Natinal Park, where they had t be kept captive fr a few weeks befre (25) ______ (release) int the wild. They lived in "bmas”- wden enclsures with "bedrms".
A cuple f weeks befre their planned release, the sky was filled with smke and the flames were blwing ver it. (26) ______(make) sure everything was fine, we rushed tward the bmas. Terrified that the rhins (27) ______ (catch) fire, my initial respnse was t release them. But I culdn't, because they (28) ______ (nt fit) with transmitters (发射器). If I let them ut, we wuld have great difficulty tracking them dwn. S I dashed back t the bmas and called the rhins t their “bedrms". T my surprise, they mved withut hesitatin and were (29) ______ (panicky) than I had thught. After half an hur, the wind changed directin and the fire began t die dwn.
That we and the rhins had escaped unscathed (未受伤的) was a miracle. The relatinship we had built with thse lvely animals prved crucial. (30) ______ it, all ur wrk wuld have been fr nthing. The teamwrk f everybdy there played a large part t and the rhins were very much part f that team.
Sectin B (10分)
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in each blank with a prper wrd given in the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne mre wrd than yu need.
Helping Eighth Graders Discver a Wider Wrld f Science
Salina Mrales, an eighth-grade student, wants t wrk with animals when she gets lder. She was excited and full 31______ at the prspect f a class visit t the American Museum f Natural Histry. Salina is amng thusands f eighth graders in New Yrk public schls whse science educatin will be given a(n) 32______ by a new partnership between the schls and seven f the city's science-riented institutins.
The prgram, called Urban Advantage, aims t prvide prfessinal develpment and resurces t teachers, 33______ class and individual museum visits, and ultimately help eighth graders cmplete science prjects required fr graduatin. The Museum f Natural Histry is leading the 34______.
“The real push behind this prject is the crisis in science educatin, which is a(n) 35______ part f a student's learning and grwth," Ellen V. Futter, the president f the Museum f Natinal Histry, said. Accrding t a reprt, 43 percent f American eighth graders d nt have a basic understanding f science. Amng the mst frequently 36______ reasns are the inadequacy f teacher educatin prgrams and the lack f teaching resurces. T ften, the science class is abut memrizing facts and des nt 37______ the truly exciting prcess f using scientific methds and tls t bserve and analyze natural phenmena. As a result, t few f ur children are 38______ t pursue study r careers in key scientific fields.
Over the curse f three years, Urban Advantage will reach the city's entire eighth-grade ppulatin. The City Cuncil was 39______ in develping Urban Advantage, prviding mre than $1 millin funding. “This is a big deal fr New Yrk," the Cuncilwman said. “It's very hard t get a new initiative ging, but we made it happen because everyne believed in the imprtance f 40______ science educatin."
III. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A (15分)
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best. fits the cntext.
A New Yrk state agency had just brught n a technician in its IT department t help update sme f its aging cmputer systems. During the interview prcess, the candidate seemed like a(n) 41______ fit. He wuld be a real help t the team, the hiring manager had assured everyne.
But by the end f the new guy's first day n the jb, it was clear smething was wrng. He had 42______ technical literacy. He culdn't even take directins. The hiring manager was cnfused: Hw culd smene wh seemed like such a strng candidate during the interview prcess turn ut t be s 43______? At the end f her rpe, the hiring manager turned t her supervisr fr help. After listening t the situatin, the supervisr gave an unexpected answer: The persn wh shwed up t the jb 44______ wasn't the persn wh had been interviewed.
Jb interviews are a crucial part f any rganizatin, frm gvernment agencies t mdern startups, when persnal 45______ can allw candidates t cnvey their value better than they d n a resume (简历). But there' s a grwing wave f candidates wh are quietly trying t 46______ the system. Accrding t a research, an increasing number f candidates are emplying stand-ins t d the interviews and 47______ the jb fr them. The scheme ges by an interesting name: bait (诱饵) and switch. Bait-and-switch interviews appear particularly 48______ in IT fields. With mre and mre tech cmpanies cnducting jb interviews thrugh vide chat and hiring emplyees wh are permitted t wrk remtely. It's easier than ever t pull ff a bait and switch.
It's impssible t 49______ the number f bait-and-switch interviews that are taking place. Cmpanies and recruiters (招聘者) are ften embarrassed t admit when they've been 50______. Even when bait and switchers get caught, cmpanies are smetimes 51______ t accuse them. S there is n way f knwing the scale f the prblem.
Chris Mitchell, the senir vice president at the staffing firm Planet Technlgy, said unqualified hires were a tremendus 52______ nce they gained access t critical user data that culd be mishandled. Organizatins can have their reputatin ruined, 53______ can have their data stlen, and unwitting (不知情的) cwrkers are frced t clean up the mess.
Anyway, bait-and-switch interviews are a big prblem especially fr a cmpany that desperately 54______ capable talent. With n end in sight, emplyers are advised t keep an eye ut fr all their applicants and make sure that their interview prcess is enugh t 55______ unqualified applicants frm qualified nes.
41. A. prB. lseC. idealD. majr
42. A. equalB. littleC. basicD. adult
43. A. disrespectfulB. miserableC. impatientD. incmpetent
44. A. literallyB. rigidlyC. frtunatelyD. cnventinally
45. A. crrespndencesB. interactinsC. dedicatinsD. bundaries
46. A. adptB. stabilizeC. cheatD. tackle
47. A. secureB. abandnC. explitD. clarify
48. A. cntradictryB. flexibleC. identicalD. widespread
49. A. advcateB. quantifyC. divideD. maximize
50. A. diversifiedB. islatedC. trickedD. liberated
51. A. eagerB. inncentC. decentD. reluctant
52. A. helpB. leapC. riskD. experience
53. A. applicantsB. custmersC. supervisrsD. inspectrs
54. A. hlds upB. calls frC. sets abutD. takes ver
55. A. discriminateB. remveC. distractD. shift
Sectin B (22 分)
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
Catherine Garland, a physics prfessr, started seeing “the prblem" in 2019. She'd laid ut the assignment clearly during an engineering curse, but student after student was calling her ver fr help. They were all getting the same errr message: The prgram culdn't find their files.
Garland thught it wuld be an easy fix. She asked each student where they had saved their prject. “Culd they be n the desktp? Perhaps in the Dcuments flder?" But ver and ver, she was met with cnfusin. “What are yu talking abut?" multiple students inquired. Gradually, Garland came t the realizatin: the cncept f file flders and directries, essential t previus generatins' understanding f cmputers, is gibberish t many mdern students.
Garland's mental mdel is cmmnly knwn as “directry structure", the hierarchical system (层级体系) f flders used t arrange files. What have caused the mental mdel t change? It is pssible that many students spent their high schl years string dcuments in the clud strage like OneDrive and Drpbx rather than in physical spaces. It culd als have t d with the ther apps they're accustmed t. “When I want t scrll (滚屏) ver t Snapchat, Twitter, they're nt in any particular rder, but I knw exactly where they are," says Vgel, wh is a devted iPhne user. Sme f it bils dwn t muscle memry.
It may als be that in an age where every user interface includes a search functin, yung peple have never needed flders r directries. The first internet search engines were used arund 1990, but features like Windws Search are prducts f the early 2000s. While many f tday's prfessrs grew up withut search functins, tday's students increasingly dn't remember a wrld withut them.
Sme may blame the generatinal incmpetence. An internatinal study claimed that nly 2 percent f Generatin Z (brn frm 1997 nwards) had achieved the “digital native" level f cmputer literacy. But the issue is likely nt that mdern students are learning fewer digital skills, but rather that they're learning different nes. Garland, fr all her knwledge f directry structure, desn't understand Instagram nearly as well as her students d. “They use cmputers ne way, and we use cmputers anther way," Garland emphasizes. “That's where the prblem lies."
56. The wrd “gibberish" in paragraph 2 is clsest in meaning t _______.
A. cmmn
B. accessible
C. nnsense
D. fundamental
57. What can be cncluded frm paragraph 3 and 4?
A. There is n search functin in the directry structure.
B. Cllege prfessrs have weaker muscles than students d.
C. Mdern students like t stre dcuments in physical drives.
D. The change in mental mdels reflects the prgress in technlgy.
58. By mentining Garland's and Vgel's stries, the authr.
A. highlights the different mindsets f tw generatins
B. criticizes mdern students' veruse f nline apps
C. shws the difficulty f teaching tday's students
D. calls n a change in the educatin f physics
59. Accrding t the passage, what can best address “the prblem" mentined at the beginning and the ending?
A. Teaching students directry structure.
B. Imprving generatinal understanding.
C. Enhancing Generatin Z's digital skills.
D. Urging teachers t learn search functins.
(B)
60. Accrding t the advertisement, which f the fllwing is TRUE f tinnitus?
A.20% f the sufferers visit dctrs fr it.
B. It may result in numerus health issues.
C. It is caused by sleeplessness and anxiety.
D. Tinnitus specialists may lse hearing.
61. Hw des the Sund Therapy prgram wrk?
A. By reducing ne's expsure t nise.
B. By ffering patients tinnitus relief pills.
C. By hiring the best dctrs and researchers.
D. By using music t imprve brain cnnectins.
62. By calling 1300557796, ne can
A. discuss with ENT dctrs
B. buy sme DVD inf packs
C. cnsult smene abut his needs
D. participate in the prgram fr free
(C)
In the ancient walled city f Sana'a, mud skyscrapers rise high int the sky. The twering structures are built entirely ut f earth and decrated with striking gemetric patterns. The lcal mud architecture is s unique that the city has been recgnized as a UNESCO Wrld Heritage site.
“As an utstanding example f architecture reflecting the spatial characteristics f
the early years, the city in its landscape has an extrardinary artistic and pictrial quality," UNESCO writes in its descriptin f Sana'a. “The buildings als demnstrate exceptinal craftsmanship in the use f lcal materials and techniques."
Even thugh the buildings in Sana'a are thusands f years ld, they remain “terribly cntemprary", says Salma Samar Damluji, c-funder f the Mud Brick Architecture Fundatin. The ancient structures are still inhabited tday and mst remain private residences. Damluji says it is easy t see why these mud buildings have nt lst their appeal -they are well-insulated (绝缘的), sustainable and extremely adaptable fr mdern use. "It is the architecture f the future," says Damluji.
Architects arund the wrld are reviving (复兴) raw-earth cnstructin as they seek t cnstruct sustainable buildings that can resist extreme weather events such as flash flds and intense heat. Culd this ancient frm f architecture influence the design f ur future hmes?
The cnstructin industry accunts fr 38% f glbal carbn dixide emissins. The building sectr has an imprtant rle t play if the wrld is t meet the gal f reaching net zer by 2050. Cncrete, a cmmn mdern cnstructin material, has a huge carbn ftprint. Replacing cncrete with less plluting materials is critical t achieving ur climate gals, scientists warn.
The ancient material, mud, culd be the perfect sustainable alternative t cncrete, accrding t Damluji. Cnstructing with mud has a very lw impact n the envirnment and the material itself is fully recyclable, she says. “If yu want t pull dwn a wall r change the design, yu can recycle all the materials." An added bnus is that mud buildings are warm in the winter and cl in the summer. This reduces the need fr air cnditining units, which cnsume large amunts f electricity and cntain refrigerants that cmprise greenhuse gas emissins. Mud structures are als incredibly strng and resistant t extreme weather, such as heatwaves, flds and drughts, which scientists say will becme mre frequent and intense as temperatures cntinue t rise.
Therefre, peple wh wish t live in a mdern, cmfrtable hme shuld cnsider ne made f mud. Overall, it makes fr highly advanced as well as sustainable design.
63. Accrding t the first tw paragraphs, buildings in Sana'a are “unique" because ______.
A. they are tall and twer ver the entire city
B. their gemetric patterns create artistic feelings
C. they are beautifully crafted with lcal resurces
D. their fascinating histry has attracted many turists
64. Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut mud materials accrding t the passage?
A. They can reduce the chance f extreme weather events. B. They can be ideal fr sustainable future cnstructin.
C. They might prduce lts f greenhuse gas emissins. D. They might cause substantial temperature changes.
65. It can be inferred frm the passage that.
A. mud might be an imprtant slutin t the climate crisis
B. the mud buildings in Sana'a are n lnger suitable t live
C. rebuilding mud cnstructin wuld take great effrts
D. mud becmes the favurite material f architects
66. What d yu think might be the best title f the passage?
A. The Histric Cities that Mark Human Civilizatin
B. The Cnstructin Industry that Threatens Climate Gals
C. The Mdern Architecture that Survives Extreme Weather
D. The Ancient Material that Makes fr Future Huse Designs
Sectin C (8 分)
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Out- f-cntrl SpaceX Rcket
A SpaceX rcket is nw headed directly fr the mn after spending almst seven years flying thrugh space, experts say. The rcket was riginally launched t send a space weather satellite t the Lagrange pint - - a gravity-neutral psitin fur times farther than the mn and in direct line with the sun. 67____________
At this phase, it did nt have enugh fuel t return t Earth's atmsphere. But meanwhile it lacked the energy t escape the gravity f the Earth-Mn system. 68____________ Space bservers believe that it is n curse t intersect (相交) with the mn. Bill Gray, wh writes sftware t track near-Earth bjects, has said the rcket will very likely hit the far side f the mn, near the equatr. "This is the first unintentinal case f space junk hitting the mn f which I'm aware," Gray added.
69____________ Because f the unpredictable effect f sunlight “pushing” n the rcket and “difficulty in measuring rtatin (旋转) perids", its rbit may be slightly altered. “But these unpredictable effects are very small," Gray wrte. He added that further bservatins were needed t decide the precise time and lcatin f the impact. In a recent blg pst, he wrte that the rcket has made a clse lunar flyby, and will definitely make an impact.
As fr whether the cllisin (相撞) culd be viewed frm Earth, Gray says it will prbably g unbserved. “Even if it hit n the near side f the mn, the impact ccurs a cuple f days after New Mn, which was hardly bservable," he added, “t me, the impact was nt a big deal." 70____________ They believe that the event will allw fr bservatin f valuable lunar materials ejected (弹射) by the rcket's strike.
IV. Summary writing (10 分)
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
71. Laughter Yga
“Friends, I must tell yu, laughter yga is nt a cmedy." Dr Madan Kataria, the creatr f laughter yga, an exercise prgramme invlving prlnged laughter, said. Laughter yga, a cmbinatin f breathing exercises and deliberate (故意的) laughter, came frm humble beginnings, but has mushrmed int a glbal mvement. Hundreds f clubs, usually free t attend, have nw been established acrss Asia, Eurpe and Nrth America.
“I had read s much abut the benefits f laughter, and hw acting ut emtins, especially thrugh facial expressins, can create them," Kataria tells me. But he realized he wuldn't ften see peple laughing in Mumbai. “The idea struck me: why nt start a laughter club? Laughter reduces stress," Kataria ges n, fllwing sme ygic pstures, “it makes yur immune (免疫) system strnger and keeps yur mind psitive!" Five peple attended Kataria's first meet-up in Mumbai in 1995. He initially asked participants t tell jkes t frce laughter, but as attendances grew Kataria learned that laughing fr n reasn at all was the best methd. “We started just faking laughter," he says. “And then peple started laughing fr real. It was infectius; we culdn't stp."
Laughter yga addresses a deep-seated need t laugh that is being stifled (過制). Yung children can laugh hundreds f times a day. But as we get lder, the fun begins t stp - ur brains learn hw t adapt ur emtins in tune with the needs f thers. We develp empathy(同理心). But s, t, are we tld t stp laughing and be serius abut life. There's ften a sense that if yu're laughing, yu're nt prperly learning, r wrking, r fcusing, r paying respect. Smetimes this is justified, but nt always. Perhaps that is the recipe fr the grwing ppularity f laughter yga.
V. Translatin (15分)
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
72.做人务必要学会保持低调。(prfile)
73.小张进电梯时把脚踝给崴了，现在医生正在给她缠绷带。(have)
74.在教练的指导下，国家队完美发挥，最终贏得了体操锦标赛的冠军。(s ... that ...)
75.高科技产品也会存在盲区，一旦技术失灵，人就得发挥主观能动性，而不是焦头烂额、束手无策。 (exist)
VI. Guided writing (25分)
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假设你是光明中学的学生张华。你们学校拟开设劳动课程，现给出如下方案，学校委托学生会征询大家的意见。
给学生会写一封邮件，内容须包括:
1) 你认为该方案中存在的问题;
2) 你的建议和理由。
参考答案
Listening:
1-10 DBCCA BDCAB
11-13 BAD
14-16 DAC
17-20 BDCA
Grammar:
21. what
22. Weighing
23. if/when
24. which
25. being released
26. T make
27. wuld catch
28. hadn't been fitted / were nt fitted
29. less panicky
30. Withut
Vcabulary:
31-40 BEIDH GJAKC
Clze:
41-55 CBDAB CADBC DCBBA
Reading Cmprehensin:
56-59 CDAB
60-62 BDC
63-66 CBAD
67-70 DAEB
Summary:
Laughter yga is a prgram created by Kataria where peple d breathing exercises and laugh purpsely, which has gained wrldwide ppularity. Kataria funded the club because he realized the benefits f laughter and hw little peple laughed. The members started frm faking laughter t laughing fr real. Laugher yga succeeds because it satisfies peple's stifled need t laugh. (58 wrds)
Translatin:
72. Be/Make sure t learn t keep/maintain a lw prfile when cnducting yurself/ when getting alng with peple / as a man.
73. Xia Zhang had her ankle injured/twisted when stepping int 1 entering the elevatr/lift, and nw the dctr is wrapping/applying bandages fr her 1 arund her ankle或is bandaging it.
74. Under the guidance instructin f the cach, the natinal team perfrmed s perfectly that it/they finally wn the champinship / earned the first prize / the tp prize in the gymnastics turnament.
75. Blind spts 1 Flaws exist in high-tech prducts, and nce the technlgy fails, humans have t / need t take the initiative / take charge instead f just wrrying abut it and acting helplessly.
或rather than just wrry abut it and act helplessly
A. stimulated B. anticipatin C. empwering D. initiative E. bst
F. prhibiting G. cited H. integral I. facilitate J. mirrr K. instrumental
A. S the rcket has been fllwing a smewhat chatic rbit since.
B. Nevertheless, space enthusiasts believe the impact culd prvide valuable data.
C. It was part f SpaceX's space explratin prgramme.
D. But after cmpleting a lng burn f its engines, the rcket's secnd phase became a prblem.
E. The exact spt that the rcket will hit remains unclear.
F. The lunar phase reveals the passage f time in the night sky.
内容
高一:电器使用和维护
高二:植物种植与养护
高三:物品整理和收纳
时间
每学期最后两周，每周2整天
地点
理科实验专用教室