中考英语二轮复习【讲通练透】 考点04 名词的数

中考英语总复习方法指导

中考英语考点一遍过为了帮助考生更好的冲刺中考英语，从命题趋势、易错警示、方法技巧、跟踪训练、真题再现等几个方面帮孩子更准、更快、更有效的复习。

中考总复习一般分为三轮：

1、第一轮复习为基础知识的单元、章节复习。

通过第一轮的复习，使学生系统掌握基础知识、基本技能和方法，形成明晰的知识网络和稳定的知识框架。我们从双基入手，紧扣中考知识点来组织单元过关。

2、第二轮复习打破章节界限实行大单元、小综合、专题式复习。

第二轮复习绝不是第一轮复习的压缩文档，而是一个知识点综合、巩固、完善、提高的过程。复习的主要任务及目标是：完成各部分知识的条 理，归纳，糅合，使各部分知识成为一个有机的整体，力求实现基础知识重点化，重点知识网络化，网络知识题型化，题型设计生活化。

3、第三轮复习是知识、能力深化巩固的阶段。

复习资料的组织以中考题及模拟题为主，回扣教材，查缺补漏，进行强化训练。同时，要教给学生一些必备的应试技巧和方法，使学生有足够的自信从容地面对中考。

【讲通练透】专题04  名词的数

常考点归纳

【典例1】

（2021·广西河池·中考真题）—Lisa, could you help me buy some ________ on your way home?

—Ok, mom.

A．egg B．beef C．banana D．potato

【答案】B

【详解】

句意：——Lisa，你能在回家的路上帮我买些牛肉吗？——好的，妈妈。

考查名词辨析。egg鸡蛋，可数名词；beef牛肉，不可数名词；banana香蕉，可数名词；potato土豆，可数名词。some修饰可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词，ACD都应该用其复数形式，排除ACD，故选B。

【典例2】

（2021·四川广元·中考真题）Three fifths of the teachers in our school are ________.

A．man teachers B．men teachers C．woman teachers D．women teacher

【答案】B

【详解】

句意：我们学校五分之三的教师是男教师。

考查名词复数。结合动词are可知，名词要用复数形式，以man或woman为前缀的名词变复数时，前后两个名词都变成复数，B选项正确，故选B。

【典例3】

（2021·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）—Can I help you?

—Please give me ________ about the trains to Daqing.

A．a few informations B．a little informations C．a little information D．a few information

【答案】C

【详解】

句意：——我可以帮到你吗？——请告诉我一些去大庆的火车的情况。

考查不定代词及不可数名词。a few一些，修饰可数名词；a little一点，修饰不可数名词。information是不可数名词，无复数形式，排除A和B选项。修饰不可数名词用a little，故选C。

【典例4】

（2021·广西百色·中考真题）Uncle Li has a farm, there are some________ on the farm.

A．chicken and sheep B．chickens and sheeps

C．chickens and sheep D．chicken and sheeps

【答案】C

【详解】

句意：李叔叔有一个农场，在农场上有一些鸡和羊。

考查名词复数的用法。根据“there are some…on the farm”可知，农场上会有鸡和羊。some后接不可数名词或可数名词的复数形式，chicken鸡，复数形式是chickens；sheep羊，复数形式是sheep，故选C。

【技巧点拨】

一、可数名词变复数

1．规则变化

2．例外情况

1)以 ch 结尾加 s 的英语单词：

stomach—stomachs

2)以 f 结尾直接加 s 的英语单词：

roof—roofs gulf—gulfs   belief—beliefs    staff—staffs chief—chiefs  proof—proofs

3)以 f 结尾两种变法都可的单词：

scarf—scarfs / scarves   dwarf—dwarfs / dwarves

handkerchief—handkerchiefs / handkerchieves

3．不规则变化

1)单复数相同 sheep  deer  fish

2)a 变成 e man   woman  Englishman Frenchman

3)oo 变成 ee foot   tooth  goose

4)中日不变英法变，其余 s 加后边；German德国人，其复数形式为Germans

5)特殊变化 child—children  ox — oxen   mouse—mice

4．三个注意

1．英语中一些由两个部分组成的物体名词通常是以-s 结尾，如：

pants，trousers，shorts，shoes，scissors，glasses 等。这一类名词， 如果不带单位词，通常用做复数；

His new pants are black and white．

如果带有单位词，则需要根据单位词判定单复。

This pair of pants is cheap. Two pairs of pants are enough．

2．“形复意单”—虽有 s 但不是复数: physics，maths，politics，athletics， economics，news

3. 由两个名词组成的复合名词，复数时作为定语的那个名词通常都用单数形式，第二个名词用复数形式，以man或woman为前缀的名词变复数时，前后两个名词都变成复数。

如：a boy student→three boy students   a woman teacher→two women teachers

二、不可数名词

含义：不可数名词表示无法分清个体的名词，主要为物质名词和抽象名词。

物质名词：

液体类：juice，water，beer，coffee… 粉末类：powder，flour，sugar，salt…

食物类：rice，bread，junk food，butter，chocolate… 肉类：beef，pork，chicken，mutton…

抽象名词：

information，money，work， advice，friendship，help， fun，health，furniture，jewelry，wealth，time…

不可数名词的特点：

1．前面不可以直接加不定冠词 a/an

2．不可数名词永远按单数处理Water is very important for people． Time is money．

3．当时间、金钱、距离或距离做主语时，后面动词用单数形式Four kilometers is a long way．

4．不可数名词也有量的表达:  数词/冠词+量词+of+不可数名词

①个数：piece（张、片、块、条）a piece of apple pie

②容量：cup，bottle，bag，box， bucket  two cups of tea  three boxes of milk

four buckets of water 四桶水

③类别：kind all kinds of bread

④度量：kilo（千克，公斤）two kilos of oil

【变式演练】

一、单项选择

1．（2021·湖北潜江·模拟预测）Spending too much time _______ computer games is bad for your ________.

A．play; eye B．playing; eyes C．play; eyes D．playing; eye

2．（2021·云南元阳·三模）—How can I know about this product?

—Surf the Internet, and you will get much ________ about it.

A．advice B．information C．message D．suggestion

3．（2021·山东桓台·二模）We’re going to have ________.

A．lot of fun B．a lot of funs C．lots of funs D．lots of fun

4．（2021·重庆大渡口·一模）— Mom, I bought two tickets for the New York’s Concert.

— Really? ________ great surprise!

A．How B．How a C．What a D．What

5．（2021·贵州铜仁·一模）—We can get all kinds of ________ on the Internet and share it with others.

—Yes. But some of it is not true.

A．information B．informations C．suggestion D．advices

6．（2021·黑龙江道里·二模）When you are tired with studying, close your eyes and do eye ________ to relax.

A．exercise B．exercises C．exercising

7．（2021·西藏·日喀则市教育局教育科学研究所二模）There are more than 100 ________ in our school.

A．woman teacher B．man teacher C．women teachers D．men teacher

8．（2021·黑龙江·模拟预测）—What’s in the fridge, Tom?

—Many ________, but little ________.

A．watermelon; juice B．pancakes; yogurt

C．milk; bananas D．oranges; vegetables

9．（2021·江苏·模拟预测）Three ________ and two ________ were talking when we walked past them.

A．Germen; American B．Germans; American

C．Germans; Americans D．Germen; Americans

10．（2021·山东滨城·二模）Don't be afraid to ask for some ________ about ordering the meal.

A．suggestion B．method C．opinion D．advice

11．（2021·江西·模拟预测）—Jenny, here're some ________. Are they yours?

—No, mine ________ in my schoolbag.

A．photo, is B．photos, are C．photoes, are D．photoes, is

12．（2021·湖北·鄂州市鄂城区教学研究室一模）— Tommy is planning to buy a car. By next month, he’ll have saved enough for ________  used one.

— I know. He has asked for ________ from one of his friends working in Audi 4S store.

A．a; lots of advices B．an; lots of advices C．an; lots of advice D．a; lots of advice

13．（2021·福建·模拟预测）There are three ______ in the company（公司）. They are all ______.

A．worker; German B．workers; Germen C．workers; Germans

14．（2021·辽宁·模拟预测）Over one hundred years ago, the world record for the ______ 100-metre race was 10.6 seconds.

A．man B．man's C．men D．men's.

15．（2021·安徽·模拟预测）I was so excited when I saw so many_________ on the farm.

A．sheep B．chicken C．duck D．milk

16．（2021·上海·模拟预测）Stella is going to move into a new flat next month, so she plans to buy some ________.

A．chair B．flower C．furniture D．picture

17．（2021·江苏南京·模拟预测）—I believe you like________very much as you have eaten so many of them.

—You are right.

A．beef B．orange C．vegetables D． potato

18．（2021·辽宁·模拟预测）___ the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are ___ teachers.

A．A number of; women B．A number of; woman

C．The number of; women D．The number of; woman

19．（2021·安徽·模拟预测）I have three pen pals. One is ________, and the other two are ________.

A．Japanese；America B．Russian；Germen

C．Canada；Australian D．English；Frenchmen

20．（2021·江苏南京·模拟预测）Mr. David always gives me some useful___________. He is as well as a friend to me.

A．advice B．suggestion C．opinion D．choice

21．（2021·河北·模拟预测）—Online reading has many _________.For example, it's possible for us to read at any time.

—I agree with you, but it is bad for our eyes.

A．agreements B．project C．advantage D．advantages

22．（2021·安徽·模拟预测）In some western countries， people usually have meals with      and forks.

A．bowl B．chopstick C．knife D．knives

23．（2021·上海·模拟预测）A military lover bought a tank on the Internet. He opened it and found much     inside.

A．gun B．gold C．coin D．body

24．（2021·山东单县·二模）If I leave my house at 9 o'clock and drive to the airport, I'll arrive at about 11. So it's about two _________drive from my house to the airport.

A．hours' B．hour's C．hours

25．（2021·安徽·模拟预测）Jim broke a pair of shoes made of ________ in a ________store yesterday.

A．glass; woman B．glasses; woman

C．glass; women’s D．glasses; women’s

26．（2021·湖北老河口·一模）—How far is it from here to the Children Park?

—It's about           .

A．30 minutes walk B．30 minute walk C．30 minutes 'walk D．30 minute's walk

27．（2021·全国·九年级期末）The apples are divided ________ two ________. One is for my sister, the other is for me.

A．in; half B．into; halves C．in; halves D．into; halfs

28．（2021·辽宁·灯塔市第一初级中学九年级期中）—Are the visitors all from ________? — No, there are only 5 ________ in the group.

A．Germany; Germen B．Germany; Germans 

C．German; Germans D．German; Germany

29．（2021·吉林·长春市宽城区教师进修学校九年级单元测试）He always got full ________ on a test when he was in junior high school.

A．mark B．a mark C．marks D．a marks

30．（2021·湖北·黄梅县教育科学研究所九年级期末）—What about having a picnic tomorrow morning?

—Well, it’s a piece of good ________.

A．advice B．suggestion C．idea D．way