中考英语二轮复习【讲通练透】 考点36 任务型阅读之回答问题

中考英语总复习方法指导

中考英语考点一遍过为了帮助考生更好的冲刺中考英语，从命题趋势、易错警示、方法技巧、跟踪训练、真题再现等几个方面帮孩子更准、更快、更有效的复习。

中考总复习一般分为三轮：

1、第一轮复习为基础知识的单元、章节复习。

通过第一轮的复习，使学生系统掌握基础知识、基本技能和方法，形成明晰的知识网络和稳定的知识框架。我们从双基入手，紧扣中考知识点来组织单元过关。

2、第二轮复习打破章节界限实行大单元、小综合、专题式复习。

第二轮复习绝不是第一轮复习的压缩文档，而是一个知识点综合、巩固、完善、提高的过程。复习的主要任务及目标是：完成各部分知识的条 理，归纳，糅合，使各部分知识成为一个有机的整体，力求实现基础知识重点化，重点知识网络化，网络知识题型化，题型设计生活化。

3、第三轮复习是知识、能力深化巩固的阶段。

复习资料的组织以中考题及模拟题为主，回扣教材，查缺补漏，进行强化训练。同时，要教给学生一些必备的应试技巧和方法，使学生有足够的自信从容地面对中考。

【讲通练透】专题36  任务型阅读之回答问题

常考点归纳

【典例1】

（2021·山东淄博·中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

I traveled to Blefuscu, where the Emperor was very kind to me.

One day I went for a walk on the beach. I was feeling sad and unhappy, and I was thinking about England. Suddenly I saw a boat in the water. It was a real ship’s boat, not one of the little boats of the Blefuscu people. This was a real boat, big enough for someone of my size! l was very excited, and l ran into the sea. I swam out to the boat, and climbed onto it. Then I took the boat back to the shore, and tied it up carefully.

I told the Emperor of Blefuscu about the boat.

“I’m lonely here,” I told him. “I want to go back to England. Maybe I can use that boat to go home, if you will help me. It’ll be a long journey, but I’m sure I can do it.”

“Very well,” he said, “I’ll help you, Gulliver. I’ll give you food and drink to put in the boat.”

The Emperor ordered his men to prepare my boat. They gave me a lot of meat and wine. They also put some animals into the boat—six cows, two bulls and eight sheep. After a few days everything was ready.

l sailed away from Blefuscu. The sea was very big and lonely. After some days, I saw a large ship, and I followed it. I was an English ship, and one of the sailors saw me. They stopped, and took me on board. They were going to England, and they took me with them.

The captain was a friendly man. I told him about my adventures(冒险) in Lilliput and Blefuscu. He did not believe me.

“Little men!” he laughed. “You tell a good story, sir,” he said, “but it’s an impossible story, all the same.” And he laughed again.

“Then where do you think this came from?” I asked him. I put my hand in my pocket, and took out one of the tiny sheep from Blefuscu. I showed it to the captain. Now he believed my story!

1．Why did Gulliver want to go back to England?

_________________________________________

2．How did Gulliver leave Blefuscu?

_________________________________________

3．How did the Emperor of Blefuscu help Gulliver?

_________________________________________

4．How did Gulliver make the captain believe him?

_________________________________________

5．What made Gulliver think the captain was friendly?

_________________________________________

【答案】

1．Because he was lonely.

2．By using a boat.

3．He gave Gulliver food and drink and ordered his men to prepare Gulliver’s boat.

4．He put his hand in his pocket, and took out one of the tiny sheep from Blefuscu.

5．The captain let him stay on board, listened to his story patiently and believed him at last.

【分析】

本文是一篇记叙文，节选自《格列佛游记》，格列佛去了不来夫斯库后继续前行，航行中他遇到了一艘英国船只，并且让船长相信了他说的话。

1．

根据第四段“I’m lonely here,” I told him. “I want to go back to England.”可知他很孤独，故填Because he was lonely.

2．

根据第四段“Maybe I can use that boat to go home, if you will help me.”以及第七段“l sailed away from Blefuscu. ”可知他是用一个小船，故填By using a boat.

3．

根据第五段“ I’ll help you, Gulliver. I’ll give you food and drink to put in the boat.”以及第六段“The Emperor ordered his men to prepare my boat”可知他给格列佛食物和饮料。他命令手下准备格列佛的船。故填He gave Gulliver food and drink and ordered his men to prepare Gulliver’s boat.

4．

根据最后一段“ I put my hand in my pocket, and took out one of the tiny sheep from Blefuscu. I showed it to the captain. Now he believed my story!”可知他把手伸进口袋，掏出一只来自不来夫斯库的小绵羊。故填He put his hand in his pocket, and took out one of the tiny sheep from Blefuscu.

5．

根据最后四段的内容可知，船长让他留在船上，耐心地听了他的故事，最后相信了他。这使得格列佛认为船长是友好的。故填The captain let him stay on board, listened to his story patiently and believed him at last.

【典例2】

（2017·江苏泰州·中考真题）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

Recent years have witnessed the returning of bikes across China. An increasing number of people choose cycling instead of driving to school, to workplaces or to do sightseeing. Bike-sharing plans are warmly welcomed in many cities. Mobike had 5.85 million active users while Ofo had 1.4 million in the first week of this year.

People can unlock the shared bikes by simply using their smartphones. All bikes have GPS and can be left anywhere in public for the next user. They’re popular among many Chinese people because they help solve “last-mile” problems in cities. For example, many people find it difficult to get to the hotel when they get off trains or to travel around the city.

However, the plans have also led to problems such as illegal (非法的) parking, vandalism (故意破坏) and theft. In February, two nurses in Beijing were placed under administrative detention (行政拘留) for five days for putting locks on two shared bikes.

In fact, these problems are also shared by bike-sharing plans abroad. Started in 2007, Vélib is the largest public bike sharing system in Paris. At its early period, it also met with problems of vandalism or theft. To deal with these problems, the company came up with the idea of encouraging people to return the bikes to stations by rewarding free time for their next rides.

Now, Chinese service Organizations are also trying to deal with these problems. For example, Mobike sets a 100-point credit score (信用分数) for each user, but the points will be taken because of his or her bad behavior. Once a score drops below 80, bike rental (租金) will be increased from 1 yuan to 100 yuan per 30 minutes.

回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。

6．What do many people choose to go to school or work instead of driving?

______________________________________________________________________________

7．How do people unlock the shared bikes?

______________________________________________________________________________

8．Why are the shared bikes popular in cities?

______________________________________________________________________________

9．What reward will people get if they return Vélib bikes to stations?

______________________________________________________________________________

10．According to Mobike, how will a rider be punished if his or her credit score drops below 80?

______________________________________________________________________________

【答案】

6．They ride bikes.

7．By simply using their smartphones.

8．Because they help solve “last-mile” problems.

9．Free time for next rides.

10．Bike rental will be increased more.

【分析】

近几年，共享单车受到了人们的热烈欢迎。短文说明了现在共享单车的受欢迎程度和使用中发生的问题，并对比巴黎共享单车的使用情况，探讨了解决这些问题可以采取的措施。

6．

根据“An increasing number of people choose cycling instead of driving to school, to workplaces or to do sightseeing.”可知，他们骑自行车代替开车。故填They ride bikes.

7．

根据“People can unlock the shared bikes by simply using their smartphones.”可知，人们通过使用他们的智能手机来开锁。故填By simply using their smartphones.

8．

根据“They’re popular among many Chinese people because they help solve ‘last-mile’ problems in cities.”可知，它们可以解决“最后一英里”的问题。故填Because they help solve “last-mile” problems.

9．

根据“To deal with these problems, the company came up with the idea of encouraging people to return the bikes to stations by rewarding free time for their next rides.”可知，可以获得下次骑行的免费时间。故填Free time for next rides.

10．

根据“Once a score drops below 80, bike rental will be increased from 1 yuan to 100 yuan per 30 minutes.”可知摩拜单车方面表示，如果骑行者的信用评分低于80分，自行车租赁将进一步增加。故填Bike rental will be increased more.

【技巧点拨】

用法详解： 

1.考查形式：一般是一篇短文后设置3～5个问题。

2考查内容：问题一般针对文章中的细节进行提向，一般在文章中都能找到对应的答案，开放性或主旨型的问题一般设置比较少，但也不排除会有涉及。

3.设题形式：

()固定答案：问句的形式一般是特殊疑问句(what，who，where，when，why，how等开头)、一般疑问句或选择疑问句等；

(2)不固定答案即开放性题目：这类题目要求根据短文中的话题发表个人的观点或见解，没有标准答案。

答题技巧：

技巧1：通读全文，提取要点，整合信息。

技巧2：不同的问题形式，答题的形式也不同：

(1)一般疑问句相对简单些，用Yes/No回答。只要理解文章含义，能判断出是或不是就可以了；

(2)选择疑问句回答时不用Yes/No，需选择其中正确的一部分来作答：

(3)特殊疑问句较为复杂，回答时要注意问题与答案在形式上的对应

①问目的，用for短语、不定式短语等来回答；

②问原因，用because of短语或because从句来回答；

③问方式，用By doing来回答；升

④问时间、地点时，答语中不要忘记介词；

⑤提问词是what时，用名词、名词性短语或名词性从句来回答。

【变式演练】

01

（2021·江苏海门·一模）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。

Ms. Lauren, a school head teacher, has asked the students to put down notes of what they have learned based on their own experiences. Here is some of what she’s got.

*Don’t cough in other people’s faces, especially if you don’t know them.

*You’d better not eat cheese cakes in front of your mum when she’s on a diet.

*Don’t tell a teacher your dog ate your homework, especially if you don’t have a dog.

*You only have one life. So be careful.

*Never leave your little sister alone with your toys.

*The funnier you are, the better life is.

—Alex, age 12

*Check if there is toilet paper before you sit down.

*When you tell a lie, you have to keep telling lies.

*Keep your room messy so your mum will be afraid to come in, and then she won’t take your favourites.

*When your friends do something stupid, you don’t have to follow.

*If you slow down and take your time, your work is better.

—Jackie, age 14

*When your mum is mad, hide the things you want.

*Never, ever say “I hate you”.

*Even if nothing is in the fridge, don’t eat dog food. Believe me, you won’t like it!

*Don’t judge people by their looks. Someone could be bad-looking and still be nice.

—Katie, age 13

*Life is like a “choose your own ending” book—you can take whatever adventures（冒险）you want.

*Being nice can get you somewhere.

*Never ask your dad to help you with a maths problem. It will be a three-hour lesson.

*If you have a problem, share it with your mum.

*People who do unkind things to you are not your friends.

—Sally, age 15

11．Why does Alex advise us not to eat cheese cakes in front of our mum?

______________________________________________________________

12．What does Jackie think of telling lies?

______________________________________________________________

13．How does Katie deal with mad mum? ______________________________________________________________

14．Why does Sally ask others for help with a maths problem instead of her father?

______________________________________________________________

15．What will Ms. Lauren possibly do with the notes? ______________________________________________________________

【答案】

11．Because she’s on a diet.

12．When you tell a lie, you have to keep telling lies.

13．She hides the things she wants.

14．Because it will be a three-four lesson.

15．She will keep the notes and share them with her students.

【分析】

本文是一篇应用文。介绍了一个学校校长Lauren女士让她的学生们记录下学生自己的生活经历都学到了什么。

11．

根据文中“You’d better not eat cheese cakes in front of your mum when she’s on a diet.”可知，当妈妈正在节食的时候，不要在她面前吃奶酪蛋糕。故填Because she’s on a diet.

12．

根据文中“When you tell a lie, you have to keep telling lies.”可知，当你说了一个谎话，你不得不一直得说谎。故填When you tell a lie, you have to keep telling lies.

13．

根据文中“When your mum is mad, hide the things you want.”可知，当你的妈妈发疯的时候，藏起来你想要的东西。注意问题问的是“Katie”如何做，所以要把“you”变成“she”，谓语动词要变三单，故填She hides the things she wants.

14．

根据文中“Never ask your dad to help you with a maths problem. It will be a three-hour lesson.”可知，永远不要让你的爸爸帮助你解决数学问题，那可能是一节三、四个小时的课。故填Because it will be a three-four lesson.

15．

仅供参考。开放性回答，言之有理即可。参考答案为She will keep the notes and share them with her students.

02

（2022·上海奉贤·一模）

Who can jump the highest at your school? Who has the most skips over a rope? Who’s the fastest at solving a Rubik’s Cube(魔方)? Everyone can be the best at something. Recently, Beijing 101 Middle School held an activity called “Guinness Campus” to help students find their potential(潜力).

“There are all kinds of projects you can take part in and all kinds of records for you to set,” said ninth-grader Liu, “I choose Domino Tower because I have the most confidence in this.”

Students needed to build a tower using dominoes(多米诺骨牌). Who ever built the tallest tower in one minute won. Liu set the record with 33 levels. “At first I didn’t do it well, but after learning from other people and trying over and over again,I found some ways to do it faster,” she said.

“The game requires you to be calm and patient. If you lose your temper(脾气) when the tower falls. you may lose the chance to win.”

Seventh-grader Wang set a record for the longest juggle(颠球) of a soccer ball with one foot.

He did it for 4 minutes and 34 seconds.“I started to play soccer at 5 and have been practicing juggling for three or four years, so I’m confident I can do it well,”said Wang. ”Juggling with only one foot needs good balance and stability(稳定性), which I’m good at. You also need to train hard for sure.”

When asked if he was afraid that someone else would break his record one day, Wang said he was expecting that to happen. “The charm(魅力) of Guinness Campus is that we keep reaching higher goals. If someone breaks my record next year, I’ll be even more encouraged to try harder finding more potential within me.”

16．How many kinds of projects have been mentioned in the passage?

__________________________________________________________________

17．Why did Beijing 101 Middle School hold the “Guinness Campus”?

__________________________________________________________________

18．According to the passage, how can students win in the Domino Tower?

__________________________________________________________________

19．What helped Wang set a record for the longest juggle?(At least two words)

__________________________________________________________________

20．In Wang’s opinion, what is the charm of Guinness Campus?

__________________________________________________________________

21．What project would you like to take part in if there is a “Guinness Campus” in your school? Why?

__________________________________________________________________

【答案】

16．Five.

17．To help students find their potential.

18．By building the tallest tower in one minute.

19．Being good at the sport. /Hard training. / Being confident. /Having good balance./ Stability.

20．The charm of Guinness Campus is that we keep reaching higher goals.

21．I’d like to take part in Domino Tower. Because the game requires me to be calm and patient.

【分析】

这是一篇新闻报道，文章讲述北京101中学举行的吉尼斯校园活动帮助学生找到自己的潜力。

16．

根据“jump the highest”，“has the most skips over a rope”，“the fastest at solving a Rubik’s Cube”，“Domino Tower”及“the longest juggle of a soccer ball with one foot”跳得最高，跳绳最多；最快解开魔方，多米诺骨塔，以及用一只脚颠足球最长。可知文章讲述了五个项目。故填Five.

17．

根据第一段“Beijing 101 Middle School held an activity called ‘Guinness Campus’ to help students find their potential”可知,举行活动的目的是为了帮助学生找到自己的潜力。故填To help students find their potential.

18．

根据第三段“Who ever built the tallest tower in one minute won”可知，多米诺骨塔的获胜者需要在一分钟之内建最高的塔。故填By building the tallest tower in one minute.

19．

根据倒数第二段“I’m confident I can do it well”可知王很自信。根据“Juggling with only one foot needs good balance and stability, which I’m good at. You also need to train hard for sure”可知王很擅长这项运动，有很好的平衡感和稳定性，并且自己努力地训练。故填Being good at the sport. /Hard training. / Being confident. /Having good balance./ Stability.

20．

根据最后一段“The charm of Guinness Campus is that we keep reaching higher goals”吉尼斯校园活动的魅力在于让学生不断地达到更高的目标。故填The charm of Guinness Campus is that we keep reaching higher goals.

21．

开放性做答，结合实际，言之有理即可。我想参加多米诺骨牌。 因为这个游戏需要我保持冷静和耐心。故填I’d like to take part in Domino Tower. Because the game requires me to be calm and patient.

03

（2021·山东蒙阴·二模）In summer, it’s common on the street to see many Chinese women holding umbrellas to protect themselves from the sun. But when Amy, an exchange student in Beijing from the US, first saw this, she found it strange, even impossible to understand. She wrote on her blog（博客）, “Unlike Chinese women, American women prefer to put on their tank tops (背心) and sunglasses during summer.”

This may be caused by the different standards of beauty between the US and China. Many Americans don’t want white skin. They would rather be tanned (晒黑). Amy also wrote, “Having darker skin is so popular that many women and men will pay for fake tans (假晒黑) so that they can keep their sun-kissed appearance during the winter months, too.”

Why do they like tanned skin? Michelle Louis reported in her research, “The process of tanning can help make people’s skin smooth and hide marks.” She further explained, “Tans make people’s skin appear healthier and make them appear thinner than when they have pale skin.”

Perhaps there is no real ideal standard of beauty. In different cultures and at different times of history, the standards change. On Amy’s blog, she also gave two examples: Some women carried umbrellas around trying to keep their white skin in the US 150 years ago; During the Tang Dynasty in China, heavy women were thought beautiful. But now, Chinese women prefer to be thin.

In a word, different standards of beauty should be respected. People may grow up with only one idea of what beauty is, but it doesn’t mean that it’s necessarily the correct or the best idea.

根据短文内容，简要回答下面问题。

22．What do American women like to wear during summer?

____________________________________________________________________________

23．Are the standards of beauty between the US and China the same or different according to the passage?

____________________________________________________________________________

24．In Michelle Louis’ opinion, why do many Americans prefer tanned skin to pale skin?

____________________________________________________________________________

25．When did American women use to carry umbrellas around trying to keep their white skin?

____________________________________________________________________________

26．What’s the main idea of the passage?

____________________________________________________________________________

【答案】

22．They like to wear their tank tops and sunglasses.

23．They are different.

24．Because tanned skin can look smooth and healthier, hide marks and make them appear thinner.

25．150 years ago.

26．Different standards of beauty should be respected. /We should respect different standards of beauty.

【分析】

本文是一篇议论文，通过介绍中国人和美国人对于肤色白和肤色黑哪个更美的不同看法来阐述一个观点：对美的定义会因人、因地、因时间而异，但它没必要有标准答案，不同的美都应该得到尊重。

22．

根据“Unlike Chinese women, American women prefer to put on their tank tops (背心) and sunglasses during summer”，可知她们喜欢穿背心和戴墨镜，故填They like to wear their tank tops and sunglasses.

23．

根据文章提及中国女性以白为美，美国女性以黑为美，可知两国人对美的标准不同，故填They are different.

24．

根据“The process of tanning can help make people’s skin smooth and hide marks...Tans make people’s skin appear healthier and make them appear thinner than when they have pale skin”，可知因为黑皮肤看起来更健康和光滑，可以隐藏斑点，而且让人看起来更瘦，故填Because tanned skin can look  smooth and healthier, hide marks and make them appear thinner.

25．

根据“Some women carried umbrellas around trying to keep their white skin in the US 150 years ago”，可知是150年前美国女性会撑伞保护白皮肤，故填150 years ago.

26．

通读全文，再根据末段的“In a word, different standards of beauty should be respected”，可知文章主旨是不同标准的美都该得到尊重，故填Different standards of beauty should be respected. /We should respect different standards of beauty.

04

（2021·四川泸县·三模）根据短文内容，回答文后所给出的问题，并按要求将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。

The moon is made up of rock and dust. The moon has no air, no water and no life. The surface of the moon has depressions(洼地)called craters(环形山). The moon is the earth’s nearest neighbor. It is only about 238,900 miles (384,000 km) away from the moon to the earth.

We can see the bright moon at night. Many people think that the moon gives out light by itself. In fact, they are wrong. The truth is that the moon does not make its own light. It reflects(反射)the sun’s light.

The moon goes around the earth. It takes about one month for the moon to go all the way around the earth one time.

Some astronauts from different countries have been to the moon so far. They will be remembered by humans forever. For example, Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin were the first people to walk on the moon. They walked on the moon on July 20, 1969.

27．What is the moon made up of?

___________________________________

28．Which is the earth’s nearest neighbor?

___________________________________

29．Why does the moon look bright at night?

___________________________________

30．How long does it take for the moon to go around the earth one time?

___________________________________

31．When did the first people walk on the moon?

___________________________________

【答案】

27．Rock and dust.

28．The moon.

29．It reflects the sun’s light.

30．About one month.

31．On July 20, 1969.

【分析】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了有关月球的相关知识，以及登上月球的宇航员。

27．

根据第一段“The moon is made up of rock and dust.”可知，月球是由岩石和尘埃组成的。故填Rock and dust.

28．

根据第一段“The moon is the earth’s nearest neighbor.”可知，月球是地球最近的邻居。故填The moon.

29．

根据第二段“The truth is that the moon does not make its own light. It reflects(反射)the sun’s light.”可知，月球在晚上看起来明亮的原因是因为它反射太阳的光。故填It reflects the sun’s light.

30．

根据第三段“It takes about one month for the moon to go all the way around the earth one time.”可知，月球绕地球一周大约需要一个月的时间。故填About one month.

31．

根据最后一段“Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin were the first people to walk on the moon. They walked on the moon on July 20, 1969.”可知，Neil Armstrong和Edwin Aldrin是第一批在月球上行走的人，他们于1969年7月20日登上了月球。故填On July 20, 1969.

05

（2021·重庆·四川外国语大学附属外国语学校三模）阅读下文并回答问题。

Tea-bag drinking is most Westerners’ favorite way of drinking tea. Do you know how it came about?

The tea bag was invented in 1908 by Thomas Sullivan, an American tea seller. He was sending out free tea in silk bags for people to try, which made it taste better. People put the bags together with the tea leaves into the cup and added hot water. And after drinking, they just needed to throw the tea bag. So, they were not happy when Sullivan started sending them loose (散的) tea again.

Sullivan realized that he had a hot new thing in his hands, and he built a machine to pack the bags. As tea bags became popular, they were changed from silk to gauze(薄纱)and later paper. In 1952, Lipton Tea made the tea bag even more popular with its invention of the four-sided tea bag. Tea bags were soon a hit in the UK, and today 85 % of tea in the UK is packed in paper bags.

However, some people still prefer loose leaf tea. This is because some tea companies put not very good tea in their tea bags. But for most drinkers, tea bags are still their best choice.

32．Do most Westerners enjoy tea-bag drinking?

___________________________________

33．Who invented the tea bag?

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34．Why was the tea in silk bags popular?

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35．Do you prefer tea with bags or loose leaf tea? Why?

___________________________________

【答案】

32．Yes.

33．Thomas Sullivan.

34．Because it tasted better and it was more convenient for people to drink tea.

35．I prefer tea with bags because it is more convenient.（答案不唯一）

【分析】

这篇短文主要介绍了袋泡茶的发展过程。现在袋泡茶是西方大多数人最受欢迎的饮茶方式。

32．

根据“Tea-bag drinking is most Westerners’ favorite way of drinking tea.”可知大部分西方人喜欢袋泡茶，故填Yes.

33．

根据“The tea bag was invented in 1908 by Thomas Sullivan.”可知袋泡茶是由托马斯苏力文发明的，故填Thomas Sullivan.

34．

根据“He was sending out free tea in silk bags for people to try, which made it taste better. People put the bags together with the tea leaves into the cup and added hot water. And after drinking, they just needed to throw the tea bag.”可知放入丝质袋子里的茶尝起来更味道更好，喝起来更方便，故填Because it tasted better and it was more convenient for people to drink tea.

35．

首先选择自己喜欢的一种茶，然后介绍原因，言之有理即可。参考答案：I prefer tea with bags because it is more convenient. （答案不唯一）