2022-2023学年上海市虹口区高三上学期一模英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年上海市虹口区高三上学期一模英语试题含解析，共33页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 英语
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. In a school. B. In a gas station. C. In a hospital. D. In a garage.
2. A. At 9:30. B. At 9:40. C. At 10:09. D. At 10:39.
3. A. Planning a sports event. B. Writing up local news.
C. Reading a newspaper. D. Putting up advertisements.
4. A. It is luxurious. B. It is satisfactory. C. It is competitive. D. It is disappointing.
5. A. He has had too many holidays this year. B. He isn’t in the mood to travel.
C. Phuket is too far for a family holiday. D. Family holidays no longer interest him.
6. A. His grandma is quite fond of the dress.
B. The salad and dressing tastes very good.
C. The salad and dressing can’t match his grandma’s.
D. His grandma can’t make delicious salad with dressing.
7. A. She is the speakers’ boss. B. She is not at home this Saturday.
C. She is not easy-going. D. She seldom invites people to her home.
8. A. The woman doesn’t like Serbia. B. The woman has been to Serbia.
C. The woman is planning a trip to Serbia. D. The woman has no idea about Serbia.
9. A. Live with Jane and Sophie.
B. Ask Sophie about her accommodation.
C. Invite Vivian to be her roommate.
D. Share a room with Jane.
10. A. The plane will leave at 3:20. B. The plane’s departure time remains unknown.
C. The man has just missed his flight. D. The man is at a wrong check in counter.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. 64 years. B. 59 years. C. 56 years. D. 46 years.
12. A. Developing better health care systems. B. Going through the Covid 19 crisis.
C. Easing the burden to the health services. D. Lowering the public health budgets.
13. A. WHO’s effective work in Africa.
B. Development of new health policies.
C. Measures to lift people from poverty.
D. Suggestions for public health efforts in Africa.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. Quitting to talk to someone. B. Leaving the office without telling anyone.
C. Abandoning extra work duties. D. Stopping worrying about work performance.
15. A. Firing the troubled employees quietly. B. Forgetting about inactive workers.
C. Creating a better communication culture. D. Building a direct system of pushing messages.
16. A. Reasons behind an office culture. B. Solutions to a workplace conflict.
C. Tips for a successful job interview. D. Steps of building a lively community.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. Working on his paper. B. Thinking of a professor.
C. Taking a nap. D. Looking for a reference book.
18. A. It is complicating. B. It is boring.
C. It is inspiring. D. It is challenging.
19. A. A student gave a lecture on American Revolution.
B. The professor failed to answer a student’s question.
C. The professor showed his mastery of American history.
D. A student was asked a tough question by the professor.
20. A. Professor Rivers thinks highly of Professor Anderson.
B. Professor Rivers is interested in women’s studies.
C. Professor Rivers knows little in this area.
D. Professor Rivers has a lot of spare time.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Runners and Cyclists Use GPS Mapping to Make Art
Fitness apps and the power of live satellite tracking have allowed runners, cyclists and others to draw hearts, animals, birthday wishes — and even homages to Vermeer — across their local landscapes.

In 1665, Johannes Vermeer dabbed (轻涂) the last drop of paint onto a canvas (帆布) in his Dutch studio, ___1___ (complete) his masterpiece “Girl with a Pearl Earring.” On an April day 357 years later, Janine Strong slowed her bike to stop, paused her fitness app, and watched as the snaking line of her cycling route ___2___ (draw) the shape of Vermeer’s masterpiece over the streets of Brooklyn.
Ms. Strong creates ___3___ has come to be known as “GPS art” — a practice ___4___ uses the Global Positioning System mapping capabilities of modern phone apps like Strava to create digital drawings using an athlete’s route across the landscape. ___5___ of biking on a straight path or in circles around a park, Ms. Strong plans her rides in the shapes of birthday cakes, stars, birds, lions — and the occasional Vermeer.
The hobby has grown with the widespread availability of satellite tracking for use by ordinary people, in fitness apps like Nike Run Club or MapMyRide. It is now a popularity on Strava often ___6___ (refer) to as “Strava art.”
Strava art has existed since that app’s release in 2009, but it experienced a sudden increase in use during the pandemic (疫情). According to Michael Joseph, a senior communications manager at the company, more than three billion activities ___7___ (upload) to Strava since the beginning of 2020.
To complete her digital vision of “Girl with a Pearl Earring,” Ms. Strong biked almost 50 miles around southern Brooklyn, carefully checking Strava ___8___ (make) sure that each turn, circle, and straightaway was achieving the iconic earring and head covering of Vermeer’s original. “I always have a big smile on my face ___9___ it works out and I upload it and it’s done,” she said. “It’s a far ___10___ (satisfying) feeling.”
【答案】1. completing
2. drew 3. what
4. that##which
5. Instead 6. referred
7. have been uploaded
8. to make 9. when##as##after
10. more satisfying
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是跑步者和骑自行车的人用GPS地图来创作艺术。
【1题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1665年，Johannes Vermeer在他荷兰工作室的画布上涂抹了最后一滴颜料，完成了他的杰作《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》。句中谓语是dabbed，空格处用非谓语动词，Johannes Vermeer和complete之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填completing。
【2题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：357年后的一个4月的一天，Janine Strong放慢自行车的速度停下来，暂停了健身应用程序，看着她骑自行车时蜿蜒的路线在布鲁克林的街道上勾勒出Vermeer这幅杰作的形状。as引导的是时间状语从句，由“On an April day 357 years later”可知，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填drew。
【3题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：Ms. Strong创作了所谓的“GPS艺术”——利用Strava等现代手机应用程序的全球定位系统(GPS)绘图功能，根据运动员穿越地形的路线绘制数字图形。“has come to be known as “GPS art””是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，句子表示“Ms. Strong创作了所谓的“GPS艺术””，因此空格处用what引导宾语从句，故填what。
【4题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Ms. Strong创作了所谓的“GPS艺术”——利用Strava等现代手机应用程序的全球定位系统绘图功能，根据运动员穿越地形的路线绘制数字图形。空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词practice是物，因此空格处用关系代词that/which引导定语从句，故填that或which。
【5题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：Ms. Strong不会沿着笔直的小路骑行，也不会在公园里绕圈骑行，她把自行车设计成生日蛋糕、星星、小鸟、狮子的形状，偶尔还会画上Vermeer的画。由“of biking on a straight path or in circles around a park, Ms. Strong plans her rides in the shapes of birthday cakes, stars, birds, lions — and the occasional Vermeer”可知，句子表示“Ms. Strong不会沿着笔直的小路骑行，也不会在公园里绕圈骑行”，空格处意为“代替，而不是”，是固定短语instead of，空格处是instead，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Instead。
【6题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它现在在Strava很受欢迎，通常被称为“Strava艺术”。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，popularity和refer to之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词，表被动，作后置定语，故填referred。
【7题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：据该公司高级通信经理Michael Joseph称，自2020年初以来，已有超过30亿项活动上传到Strava。由“since the beginning of 2020”可知，句子时态用现在完成时，活动是被上传，因此空格处是现在完成时的被动语态，have/has been done，主语activities是复数，因此空格处是have been uploaded。故填have been uploaded。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了完成《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》（Girl with a Pearl Earring）的数字视觉，Ms. Strong在Brooklyn南部骑行了近50英里，仔细检查Strava，确保每一个转弯、每一圈、每一秒都能达到Vermeer原作中标志性的耳环和头巾。由“carefully checking Strava”可知，Ms. Strong仔细检查Strava的目的是确保每一个转弯、每一圈、每一秒都能达到Vermeer原作中标志性的耳环和头巾，空格处用不定式，表目的，故填to make。
【9题详解】
考查时间状语从句。句意：她说：“当我上传成功后，我脸上总是挂着灿烂的微笑。”由“it works out and I upload it and it’s done”可知，句子表示“当我上传成功后，我脸上总是挂着灿烂的微笑”，空格处意为“当……的时候”，用when/as引导时间状语从句；句子也可理解为“我上传成功后，我脸上总是挂着灿烂的微笑”，空格处意为“在……之后”，用after引导时间状语从句，因此空格处应用when/as/after引导从句。故填when/as/after。
【10题详解】
考查比较级。句意：这是一种更令人满意的感觉。far修饰比较级，satisfying的比较级是more satisfying。故填more satisfying。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. accessible B. criterion C. concentrate D. reduced E. evolved F. explore
G. host H. interact I. restorative J. stimulation K. verbalise
Outdoor Play Benefits Kids’ Mental Restoration
Many of the psychological benefits of outdoor play are already well established. Our brains ____11____ in natural landscapes, and our perceptual (感知的) systems are particularly well suited to wild outdoor spaces.
This means that natural scenes provide the perfect level of ____12____, which is thought to help recharge the brain when it is tired and easily distractable. Supporting this theory, one study found that children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were better able to ____13____ following a 20-minute walk in the park, compared to a 20-minute walk on the streets of a well-kept urban area. Being exposed to grass and trees seemed to have had a beneficial effect on their minds. The authors recommended using such “doses (剂量) of nature” as a safe and ____14____ way of supporting children with ADHD, alongside other tools.
Besides these ____15____ effects, outdoor play can offer valuable learning experiences. For example, playing with mud or sand can help children develop the way their senses and movement ____16____, which allows the child to gradually understand his or her bodily signals.
Such activities — away from the house or classroom — may also help children to find ways to cope with emotions that may be hard to ____17____ in other environments. So-called “sand tray therapy”, which involves using sand and clay to express one’s thoughts and feelings, is an accepted form of counselling for children who are struggling to ____18____ their emotional state.
When it comes to the child’s physical health, the most obvious advantage of outdoor play may be the exercise. A child may find it easier to build up strength and endurance in a large open space resulting in a(n) ____19____ risk of overweight, according to one study led by Elizabeth Gershoff, professor of human development and family sciences at the University of Texas at Austin, US.
The latest findings, however, suggest there could be a(n) ____20____ of other advantages to playing in natural environments — and the secret may be alive in the mud itself.
【答案】11. E 12. J
13. C 14. A
15. I 16. H
17. F 18. K
19. D 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是户外玩耍对孩子心理恢复的好处。
【11题详解】
考查动词。句意：我们的大脑在自然景观中进化，我们的感知系统特别适合野外户外空间。由“in natural landscapes, and our perceptual (感知的) systems are particularly well suited to wild outdoor spaces”可知，此处表示“我们的大脑在自然景观中进化”，空格处意为“进化”，是evolve，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式。故选E。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：这意味着自然场景提供了完美的刺激水平，这被认为可以帮助大脑在疲劳和容易分心时充电。由上文“our perceptual (感知的) systems are particularly well suited to wild outdoor spaces”和下文“which is thought to help recharge the brain when it is tired and easily distractable”可知，这意味着自然场景提供了完美的刺激水平，这被认为可以帮助大脑在疲劳和容易分心时充电，空格处意为“刺激”，用名词stimulation作宾语。故选J。
【13题详解】
考查动词。句意：支持这一理论的一项研究发现，患有注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的儿童在公园散步20分钟后，比在维护良好的城市地区的街道上散步20分钟更能集中注意力。由上文“help recharge the brain when it is tired and easily distractable”和“children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder”可知，此处表示“患有注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的儿童在公园散步20分钟后，比在维护良好的城市地区的街道上散步20分钟更能集中注意力”。故选C。
【14题详解】
考查形容词。句意：作者建议使用这种“自然剂量”作为一种安全易行的方式来支持患有多动症的儿童，以及其他工具。由上文“Being exposed to grass and trees”可知，让孩子接触草地和树木是一种安全易行的方式，空格处意为“易得到的”，用形容词accessible作定语，修饰名词way。故选A。
【15题详解】
考查形容词。句意：除了这些恢复性作用，户外游戏还能提供宝贵的学习经验。由上文“children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were better able to ____3____ following a 20-minute walk in the park”可知，此处表示儿童去公园散步有恢复性的作用，空格处意为“恢复性的”，用形容词restorative作定语，修饰名词effects。故选I。
【16题详解】
考查动词。句意：例如，玩泥巴或沙子可以帮助孩子发展他们的感官和运动相互作用的方式，这让孩子逐渐理解他或她的身体信号。由下文“which allows the child to gradually understand his or her bodily signals”可知，玩泥巴或沙子可以帮助孩子发展他们的感官和运动相互作用的方式，这让孩子逐渐理解他或她的身体信号，空格处意为“相互作用”，是interact，“their senses and movement __6__”是定语从句，描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语“their senses and movement”是复数，因此空格处用动词原形。故选H。

【17题详解】
考查动词。句意：这些远离房子或教室的活动也可以帮助孩子们找到应对情绪的方法，这些情绪在其他环境中可能很难探索。由下文“So-called “sand tray therapy”, which involves using sand and clay to express one’s thoughts and feelings”可知，句子表示“这些远离房子或教室的活动也可以帮助孩子们找到应对情绪的方法，这些情绪在其他环境中可能很难探索”，空格处意为“探索”，是explore，be hard to do意为“很难做某事”，空格处用动词原形。故选F。
【18题详解】
考查动词。句意：所谓的“沙盘疗法”，就是用沙子和粘土来表达自己的想法和感受，是一种为难以用语言表达自己情绪状态的儿童提供咨询的公认形式。由上文“So-called “sand tray therapy”, which involves using sand and clay to express one’s thoughts and feelings”可知，所谓的“沙盘疗法”，就是用沙子和粘土来表达自己的想法和感受，是一种为难以用语言表达自己情绪状态的儿童提供咨询的公认形式，空格处意为“用词语表达”，是verbalise，struggle to do是固定短语，意为“尽力做某事”，因此空格处是动词原形。故选K。
【19题详解】
考查形容词。句意：美国德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校人类发展与家庭科学教授Elizabeth Gershoff领导的一项研究表明，孩子在开阔的空间里更容易锻炼力量和耐力，从而降低超重的风险。由上文“find it easier to build up strength and endurance”可知，孩子在开阔的空间里更容易锻炼力量和耐力，因此会降低超重的风险，空格处意为“降低的”，用形容词reduced作定语，修饰名词risk。故选D。
【20题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：然而，最新的研究结果表明，在自然环境中玩耍还有很多其他的好处，而秘密可能就在泥土中。由下文“other advantages to playing in natural environments”可知，在自然环境中玩耍还有很多其他的好处，观察选项可知，空格处用host，a host of意为“许多”。故选G。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Does a reassuring touch on the back bring you comfort during a tough day? A new study finds, when it comes to touching, people aren’t even ____21____ about who’s doing it. Researchers in Germany say the touch of a humanoid (人形的) robot makes people ____22____ and more likely to follow their requests.
Instead of being ____23____ on other humans, researchers are hoping that one day robots may be able to fulfill the roles of therapists, personal trainers, and even life coaches. Their study follows the widespread increase of touch ____24____ during the COVID-19 pandemic. Several studies have pointed out how physical distancing and isolation is creating a variety of negative effects that increase feelings of stress, depression, and anxiety.
In this research, 48 students engaged in a conversation with NAO – a programmable research robot. During the course, for some participants, the robot briefly and seemingly randomly ____25____ the back of the participant’s hand.
This differed from the design of other studies, which have relied on ____26____ touch. In response to the robot’s touch, most participants smiled and laughed, and none ____27____. Results show those who were touched were more likely to ____28____ the robot urging them to show interest in a particular academic course discussed during the conversation. Participants also reported a better ____29____ state after the robot’s tap on the hand. ____30____, students who were touched were more likely to give the robot a higher score for physical attractiveness (although these participants still only rated poor NAO a 2.5 out of 5 on average).
“A robot’s non-functional touch ____31____ to humans,” Laura Hoffmann from Ruhr University and her team write. “Slightly tapping human participants’ hands during a conversation resulted in better feelings and more compliance (依从) to the request of a humanoid robot.”
“It is remarkable that simple and brief tap on the back of participants’ hands showed such an effect. Involving more complex and ____32____ touching from a robot might increase engagement and compliance.”
As the researchers argue, this small study – one of the first to examine the ____33____ of robot-initiated touch – suggests that through the use of comforting touches, robot therapists could better ____34____ patients to engage in healthy activities such as exercise. However, they caution that much about human-robot ____35____ are complex, with there still more to be learned about the difference between human and robot touch.
21. A. curious B. crazy C. picky D. certain
22. A. happier B. freer C. more stressed D. more frightened
23. A. hard B. dependent C. impressed D. based
24. A. completion B. formation C. imagination D. starvation
25. A. watched B. patted C. cleaned D. blocked
26. A. human-initiated B. time-pressed C. technique-based D. goal-oriented
27. A. made out B. thought back C. pulled away D. set off
28. A. look over B. go along with C. take off D. stand up against
29. A. physical B. emotional C. financial D. social
30 A. However B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. Still
31. A. matters B. sees C. relates D. gets
32. A. warmer B. longer C. more friendly D. more forceful
33. A. theory B. history C. trend D. potential
34. A. warn B. persuade C. force D. control
35. A. similarities B. conflicts C. constructions D. interactions
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是一项新的研究发现，当涉及到触摸时，人们甚至不会挑剔谁在触摸。德国研究人员表示，与人形机器人的接触会让人更快乐，也更愿意听从机器人的要求。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一项新的研究发现，当涉及到触摸时，人们甚至不会挑剔谁在触摸。A. curious好奇的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. picky挑剔的；D. certain确定的。根据下文“Researchers in Germany say the touch of a humanoid (人形的) robot makes people ____2____ and more likely to follow their requests”可知，当涉及到触摸时，人们甚至不会挑剔谁在触摸。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：德国研究人员表示，与人形机器人的接触会让人更快乐，也更愿意听从机器人的要求。A. happier更快乐的；B. freer更自由的；C. more stressed感到更大压力的；D. more frightened更害怕的。根据下文“Slightly tapping human participants’ hands during a conversation resulted in better feelings and more compliance (依从) to the request of a humanoid robot”可知，与人形机器人的接触会让人更快乐，也更愿意听从机器人的要求。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究人员希望有一天机器人可以扮演治疗师、私人教练甚至生活教练的角色，而不是依赖于其他人。A. hard困难的；B. dependent依赖的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. based（以某事）为基础的，为根据的。根据下文“researchers are hoping that one day robots may be able to fulfill the roles of therapists, personal trainers, and even life coaches”可知，研究人员希望有一天机器人可以扮演治疗师、私人教练甚至生活教练的角色，而不是依赖于其他人。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的研究是在COVID-19大流行期间对触摸的渴望普遍增加之后进行的。A. completion完成；B. formation组成；C. imagination想象力；D. starvation饥饿。根据下文“Several studies have pointed out how physical distancing and isolation is creating a variety of negative effects that increase feelings of stress, depression, and anxiety”可知，在COVID-19大流行期间人们渴望触摸，空格处用starvation表示“渴望”。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个过程中，对于一些参与者来说，机器人会短暂地、似乎是随机地拍他们的手背。A. watched观看；B. patted拍打；C. cleaned清洁；D. blocked堵塞。根据第9空后的“robot’s tap on the hand”可知，机器人会短暂地、似乎是随机地拍他们的手背。故选B。
26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这与其他研究的设计不同，其他研究依赖于人类主动的触摸。A. human-initiated人类触发的；B. time-pressed时间紧迫的；C. technique-based基于技术的；D. goal-oriented面向目标的。根据下文“this small study – one of the first to examine the ____13____ of robot-initiated touch”可知，这个研究和其他研究不同，其他研究依赖于人类主动的触摸，空格处意为“人类触发的”。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于机器人的触摸，大多数参与者都笑了笑，没有人离开。A. made out辨认出；B. thought back回想；C. pulled away离开；D. set off出发。根据下文“Results show those who were touched were more likely to ____8____ the robot urging them to show interest in a particular academic course discussed during the conversation”可知，对于机器人的触摸，大多数参与者都笑了笑，没有人离开，故选C。
28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：结果显示，那些被触摸过的人更有可能同意机器人的要求，让他们对对话中讨论的特定学术课程表现出兴趣。A. look over检查；B. go along with赞同；C. take off起飞；D. stand up against反对。根据下文“Slightly tapping human participants’ hands during a conversation resulted in better feelings and more compliance (依从) to the request of a humanoid robot”可知，那些被触摸过的人更有可能同意机器人的要求。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：参与者还报告说，机器人轻拍他们的手后，他们的情绪状态有所改善。A. physical身体的；B. emotional情绪的；C. financial金融的；D. social社会的。根据下文“Slightly tapping human participants’ hands during a conversation resulted in better feelings and more compliance (依从) to the request of a humanoid robot”可知，机器人轻拍他们的手后，他们的情绪状态有所改善。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，被触摸过的学生更有可能给机器人的外表吸引力打更高的分（尽管这些参与者仍然只给可怜的NAO打了平均2.5分（满分5分））。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Furthermore此外；D. Still仍然。根据下文“students who were touched were more likely to give the robot a higher score for physical attractiveness”可知，空后内容是补充说明的，空格处是“此外”。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“机器人的非功能性触摸对人类很重要，”Ruhr大学的Laura Hoffmann和她的团队写道。A. matters重要；B. sees看见；C. relates联系；D. gets得到。根据下文“Slightly tapping human participants’ hands during a conversation resulted in better feelings and more compliance (依从) to the request of a humanoid robot”可知，机器人的非功能性触摸对人类很重要。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：让机器人进行更复杂、更长时间的触摸，可能会提高用户的参与度和依从性。A. warmer更温暖的；B. longer更长的；C. more friendly更友好的；D. more forceful更有力的。根据上文“Slightly tapping human participants’ hands during a conversation resulted in better feelings and more compliance (依从) to the request of a humanoid robot”和下文“might increase engagement and compliance”可知，让机器人进行更复杂、更长时间的触摸，可能会提高用户的参与度和依从性。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如研究人员所言，这项小型研究是首次检验机器人发起的触摸潜力的研究之一，它表明，通过使用舒适的触摸，机器人治疗师可以更好地说服患者参与健康活动，如锻炼。A. theory理论；B. history历史；C. trend趋势；D. potential潜能。根据下文“of robot-initiated touch”可知，这项小型研究是首次检验机器人发起的触摸潜力的研究之一。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如研究人员所言，这项小型研究是首次检验机器人发起的触摸潜力的研究之一，它表明，通过使用舒适的触摸，机器人治疗师可以更好地说服患者参与健康活动，如锻炼。A. warn警告；B. persuade说服；C. force强迫；D. control控制。根据上文“Slightly tapping human participants’ hands during a conversation resulted in better feelings and more compliance (依从) to the request of a humanoid robot”可知，机器人治疗师可以更好地说服患者参与健康活动。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他们警告说，人与机器人之间的互动很复杂，关于人与机器人触摸之间的区别还有更多需要了解的地方。A. similarities相同点；B. conflicts矛盾；C. constructions建造，建筑；D. interactions互动。根据下文“human and robot touch”可知，此处表示“人与机器人之间的互动很复杂”。故选D。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
I know people who say they don’t watch television, and I always nod and agree. Reading requires intelligence, and television is merely entertainment, right?
I’m going to Scotland this year, and three different people told me I must watch “Outlander” before I go, which is like “Game of Thrones” for fans of romance novels. I watched the first four hourlong episodes back to back. When I stood up from the couch I felt sick, and it wasn’t just the cookies, popcorn and peanut butter sandwiches I’d had without noticing. It was dark outside, and I felt ashamed. I had spent half a day on the couch. Research for Scotland? Not exactly.
A few days later I had a library book due: The National Book Award winner The Friend, by Sigrid Nunez. I needed to finish it, so I read the last half straight through. I was absorbed in Nunez’s New York City, worrying about the heroin’s career and her future. I finished the book with tears in my eyes and stood up feeling, well, great.
I had wasted another four hours on my couch. I hadn’t eaten as much junk food because I needed my hands free—and not sticky—so I could turn pages and return the book to the library relatively clean, but I hadn’t moved and once again it was dark outside. Why did I feel so much better and guilt-free?
All the research says reading a book is good for you. It reduces stress, promotes comprehension and imagination, relieves depression, helps you sleep and may contribute to preventing Alzheimer’s. The act of physically turning a page creates a momentary pause for understanding to sink in. Our brains have to work to translate the black squiggles (弯弯曲曲的线条) on the page into words and then interpret the meaning and intent of those words. When a character is described as tall with brown hair, a reader creates her own picture. TV takes all that imagination away.
But there’s a lot of good TV now. I’d like to say the answer to TV versus books must be, as Aristotle said, “Moderation in all things,” though he never had a television or a computer and had to read his scrolls (长卷纸) by candlelight. I agree that too much television is bad for you. I know I feel better if I read, but it won’t stop me from watching too: My second DVD of “Outlander” has just arrived, and as soon as I get this essay done, the rest of my day is free.
36. By “I always nod and agree” (paragraph 1), the author implies that _______.
A. she should be polite to get the conversation to go on
B. she is reluctant to admit that she watches television
C. she believes those who say they don’t watch TV
D. she doesn’t think highly of TV either
37. The phrase “back to back” (paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to “_______”.
A. from morning till night B. one after another without a break
C. leaning against the back of the couch D. looking at the opposite direction
38. The author felt better after reading The Friend than watching “Outlander”, most probably because _______.
A. she didn’t feel hungry for any snacks
B. the TV series got her to cancel her trip to Scotland
C. the television series was no more attractive than the book
D. she regarded reading as more rewarding than watching TV
39. What can be concluded from all the research introduced in paragraph 5?
A. Reading is active while watching TV is passive.
B. Reading involves physical exercises while watching TV doesn’t.
C. Reading stimulates the brain to concentrate while watching TV doesn’t.
D. Reading is good for one’s mental health while watching TV is bad for it.
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. D 39. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过对比看四个小时的电视和书所带来的不同感觉来说明看书的好处。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。“I always nod and agree”的字面意思是“我总是点头表示同意”，根据第一段的“Reading requires intelligence, and television is merely entertainment(阅读需要智力，而电视仅仅是娱乐)”可知，作者说“I always nod and agree”暗示了作者对电视也评价不高，故选D。
【37题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段的“When I stood up from the couch I felt sick, and it wasn’t just the cookies, popcorn and peanut butter sandwiches I’d had without noticing. It was dark outside, and I felt ashamed. I had spent half a day on the couch.(当我从沙发上站起来的时候，我觉得不舒服，这不仅仅是因为我不知不觉吃了饼干、爆米花和花生酱三明治。外面很黑，我感到很惭愧。我在沙发上躺了半天。)”可知，作者在沙发上不停地看电视，也就是一集一集地不停地看，“back to back”意为“一个接一个，没有休息”，即one after another without a break，故选B。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段的“All the research says reading a book is good for you. It reduces stress, promotes comprehension and imagination, relieves depression, helps you sleep and may contribute to preventing Alzheimer’s. The act of physically turning a page creates a momentary pause for understanding to sink in. Our brains have to work to translate the black squiggles (弯弯曲曲的线条) on the page into words and then interpret the meaning and intent of those words.(所有的研究都表明读书对你有好处。它可以减轻压力，促进理解和想象力，缓解抑郁，帮助睡眠，并可能有助于预防阿尔茨海默氏症。翻页的动作会让你有片刻的停顿来理解。我们的大脑必须工作，把书页上的黑色涂鸦翻译成文字，然后解释这些文字的含义和意图。)”可知，作者在看完The Friend后感觉比看“Outlander”好多了，很可能是因为她认为读书比看电视更有意义，故选D。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段的“The act of physically turning a page creates a momentary pause for understanding to sink in. Our brains have to work to translate the black squiggles (弯弯曲曲的线条) on the page into words and then interpret the meaning and intent of those words. When a character is described as tall with brown hair, a reader creates her own picture. TV takes all that imagination away.(翻页的动作会让你有片刻的停顿来理解。我们的大脑必须工作，把书页上的黑色涂鸦翻译成文字，然后解释这些文字的含义和意图。当一个人物被描述为高个子、棕色头发时，读者就会创造出自己的形象。电视剥夺了所有的想象力。)”可知，从第5段介绍的所有研究中可以得出的结论是阅读是主动的，而看电视是被动的。故选A。
(B)
Guidelines for Poster Presentations
Date: Friday 28 October
Time: 13.00-14.20 (Presenters are required to be by their posters by 12.55 sharp.)
Poster Session Format
- The poster session is a self-explanatory exhibit where the presenter(s) is/are available for one-on-one discussion.
- All the in-person poster presentations will take place simultaneously (同时进行的). See below for specific details of online poster presentations.
Poster design and Layout
- Each poster should measure about 90×120cm (36×48 inches).
- The texts and illustrations should be readable from 150cm (about 5 feet) away.
- Posters can be hand-written or printed in colour/black and white.
Set-up and Removal
- Posters will be displayed by fixing them on boards/walls provided. You will be given the necessary tools to carry out this task.
- Presenters are required to hang their posters during the lunch break (12:00-13:00) on Friday 28 October and remove them after the session (14:20).
- Presenters are responsible for the set-up and removal of their own posters. Staff will also be in the poster area to assist you.
- Each poster presentation will be numbered in the programme schedule. Poster numbers will also be shown on the display boards. Make sure the poster is fixed under the correct number.
- Playing of loud audio or video clips is not allowed, keeping in mind the noise level in the hall.
For online poster presentations:
- Once your poster is ready, take a good picture of it and send it to us at least one week before the conference. We’ll take a print out of this and display it like the other posters. This will help the audience in the Hall in Chennai to look at them before they can log into your presentation at the assigned time.
- During poster presentation whoever would like to interact with you will log into your session. This will be for the entire duration of the presentation with brief explanations and Q&A interspersed (穿插) with each other. Participants can move around to other poster presentations during this period, both online and in-person.
40. According to the guidelines, the posters have to be _______.
A. handwritten on paper in black and white
B. hung on the walls of a specific area in the hall
C. easily recognizable from five meters away
D. numbered by an on-site staff member
41. Which of the following is a specific requirement for online poster presenters?
A. They should remain online for the entire 100 minutes.
B. They should get ready for presentation at exactly12:55.
C. They need to send an e-version of their posters to the organizer.
D. They will be required to give explanations or answer questions.
42. The passage is meant for _______.
A. people who have unsolved questions to consult about
B. people who are interested in visiting an exhibition
C. people who are skilled at making good posters
D. people who want to exhibit their posters
【答案】40. B 41. C 42. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，是一份海报展示指南。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据Set-up and Removal部分的“Posters will be displayed by fixing them on boards/walls provided.(海报将通过固定在提供的板/墙上来展示。)”和“Presenters are required to hang their posters during the lunch break (12:00-13:00) on Friday 28 October and remove them after the session (14:20).(展示者须于10月28日（星期五）午膳时间（12:00-13:00）悬挂海报，并于会后（14:20）取下海报。)”可知，根据这些指南，海报必须挂在大厅特定区域的墙上，故选B。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据For online poster presentations:部分的“Once your poster is ready, take a good picture of it and send it to us at least one week before the conference.(一旦你的海报准备好了，拍一张好的照片，并在会议前至少一周发给我们。)”可知，对在线海报展示者的具体要求是他们需要向组织者发送电子版本的海报。故选C。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据For online poster presentations:部分的“Once your poster is ready, take a good picture of it and send it to us at least one week before the conference. We’ll take a print out of this and display it like the other posters. This will help the audience in the Hall in Chennai to look at them before they can log into your presentation at the assigned time.(一旦你的海报准备好了，拍一张好的照片，并在会议前至少一周发给我们。我们把它打印出来，像其他海报一样展示出来。这将帮助金奈大厅的观众在指定时间登录到您的演示之前查看它们。)”可知，本文是给想要进行海报展示的人所写的，故选D。
(C)
Much like beauty, art is in the eye of the beholder. The artwork we are attracted to can give insight into our personality, such as whether we are too quick or too slow, calm or moody. Studies into art preferences date back to the 1930s — most of them examining the extent to which people like or dislike different paintings. Research shows that a person’s interest in art is more strongly related to certain personality traits than to social class, age, or gender.
In particular, a personality trait called “openness” is the best predictor of whether individuals are interested in art. On the other side, those who identify as “conscientious (一丝不苟的)”, are often less drawn to the arts. These traits are part of the Big Five, a widely accepted personality theory based on nearly a century of research.
The model claims that each personality is composed of a combination of five core traits: openness, conscientiousness, extroversion (enjoying being with other people), agreeableness (being pleasant) and neuroticism (feeling worried and nervous). Rather than stating a person as being either shy or outgoing, the Big Five Model believes that everyone lies somewhere between the two extremes.
Personality traits may also affect the way people visually scan art. A 2018 study tracked participants’ eye movements as they studied abstract artwork. The majority of participants concentrated on the upper-right part. This makes sense, as the right half of the brain is specialized for visual and spatial processing, and also plays a significant role in processing the emotions that art draws out. However, participants who tended toward neuroticism focused on the left side of the picture, and those with mental disease paid more attention to the bottom of the picture.
Even with the impressive amount of research into the relationship between people’s personality traits and their love for art, there are still holes in the theories. For instance, some scientists claim that the Big Five Model doesn’t translate across cultures and is mainly targeted toward those living in developed nations. Also, most studies have focused on two-dimensional art, like paintings, and haven’t yet captured differing preferences for the variety of media that exist around the world. Then there’s the fact that our art preferences change over time and are informed by our ages, relationships and life experiences.
People’s preferences for art are nearly as complicated as art itself. But if you’re looking for a quick test of someone’s general personality traits, it doesn’t hurt to glance at what’s hanging on their walls.
43. Which of the following is the best illustration of “art is in the eye of the beholder” in paragraph 1?
A. We judge a piece of art based on whether it is considered beautiful.
B. The beauty of a piece of artwork depends on its quality and price.
C. The owner of the artwork is the one who loves it the most.
D. Whether an artwork is appealing is a subjective matter.
44. The shadowed area in each of the following pictures is the part a person focuses on when enjoying an abstract painting. According to the 2018 study, which best illustrates the perception of a person who tends to be in anxiety?
A. B.
C. D.
45. What can be inferred from the passage about the Big Five Model?
A. It is a globally accepted measuring system.
B. Everyone can fit into one of the five categories.
C. There is much evidence of scientific studies to back it.
D. It can explain the change in our art preference over time.
46. What is the best title of this passage?
A. What does your taste in art say about you?
B. How to reveal one’s personality traits?
C. Why do we like the artwork we like?
D. How to discover your art preference?
【答案】43. D 44. C 45. C 46. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是研究表明，一个人对艺术的兴趣与某些个性特征的关系更大，而不是与社会阶层、年龄或性别的关系。
【43题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段的“The artwork we are attracted to can give insight into our personality, such as whether we are too quick or too slow, calm or moody.(吸引我们的艺术作品可以洞察我们的个性，比如我们是太快还是太慢，冷静还是情绪化。)”可知，对艺术的喜爱能反映我们的个性，因此“art is in the eye of the beholder”的意思是“一件艺术品是否吸引人是一个主观问题”，故选D。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“However, participants who tended toward neuroticism focused on the left side of the picture, and those with mental disease paid more attention to the bottom of the picture.(然而，倾向于神经过敏的参与者关注的是图片的左侧，而患有精神疾病的参与者则更多地关注图片的底部。)”可知，一个处于焦虑状态的人会关注图片的左侧和底部，故选C。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“These traits are part of the Big Five, a widely accepted personality theory based on nearly a century of research.(这些特质是“Big Five”的一部分。“Big Five”是基于近一个世纪的研究而被广泛接受的人格理论。)”可知，有很多科学研究的证据支持Big Five Model这一观点。故选C。
【46题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“The artwork we are attracted to can give insight into our personality, such as whether we are too quick or too slow, calm or moody. Studies into art preferences date back to the 1930s — most of them examining the extent to which people like or dislike different paintings. Research shows that a person’s interest in art is more strongly related to certain personality traits than to social class, age, or gender.(吸引我们的艺术作品可以洞察我们的个性，比如我们是太快还是太慢，冷静还是情绪化。关于艺术偏好的研究可以追溯到20世纪30年代，大多数研究都是调查人们对不同绘画作品的喜欢或不喜欢程度。研究表明，一个人对艺术的兴趣与某些个性特征的关系更大，而不是与社会阶层、年龄或性别的关系。)”可知，本文主要讲的是研究表明，一个人对艺术的兴趣与某些个性特征的关系更大，而不是与社会阶层、年龄或性别的关系，因此最好的题目是A选项“What does your taste in art say about you?(你的艺术品味说明了关于你的什么？)”，故选A。
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Social Engineering
When using social media, many users may not be thinking of the social engineering implications that can arise with too much over-sharing of personal information. However, what people share in posts can paint a very vivid picture of a person – which can then be misused by hackers.
“____47____ Social engineering is the number one cause of most spiteful data breaches (泄露),” said Roger Grimes, data-driven defense specialist at cyber security firm KnowBe4. “Nothing else is even close, percentage-wise,” Grimes warned, “Nearly every organization could best improve their cyber security defense plans if they focused far more on reducing the likelihood of social engineering. No other single defense could do more to protect an organization against hacking and malware (恶意软件).”
“Every organization should look to see what they can improve in their defense-in-depth plan (e.g., policies, technical defenses, and education) to defeat social engineering. It is because almost no organization appropriately focuses the necessary resources and training against social engineering that allows hackers and malware to be so long-term successful. ____48____”
The security experts warn that even in the context of “social media,” users shouldn’t let their guard down. ____49____ “As individuals, we are aware of the personal threats posed by cyber attacks directed against us,” suggested Erfan, cyber security expert at data security Comforte AG. “To avoid being victimized, it’s best to operate under the mindset that digital footprints exist everywhere and can never be completely wiped out.”
“As members of businesses and organizations, we know that enterprise data is always a tempting target for hackers,” Erfan continued. “____50____ Preventing attacks and breaches is not 100 percent fool-proof, so we can only hope that big techs have instituted the measures of data-centric security applied directly to data in case that sensitive information falls into the wrong hands.”
A. In fact, this is where users should actually adopt a more cautious attitude.
B. The recent attack against Twitter should underscore the need for data-centric security.
C. For developers, this vulnerability also shows there’s still a need for proper input validation and ensure that any request is authorized.
D. Hackers love that defenders are distracted and don’t focus appropriate resources on the number one threat.
E. Organizations should make a joint effort to protect the sensitive data from exploitation.
F This is just one more example of the success of social engineering used by hackers.
【答案】47. F 48. D 49. A 50. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了社交工程是大多数恶意数据泄露的头号原因，并表达了大型技术公司制定以数据为中心的安全措施的必要性。
【47题详解】
上文“However, what people share in posts can paint a very vivid picture of a person — which can then be misused by hackers. (然而，人们在帖子中分享的内容可以描绘出一个人非常生动的形象——这可能会被黑客滥用。)”在讲述人们在帖子中分享的内容可能会被黑客滥用；下文“Social engineering is the number one cause of most spiteful data breaches (泄露), said Roger Grimes, data-driven defense specialist at cyber security firm KnowBe4. (社交工程是大多数恶意数据泄露的头号原因，网络安全公司KnowBe4的数据驱动防御专家Roger Grimes说。)”在讲述社交工程是大多数恶意数据泄露的头号原因；选项F“This is just one more example of the success of social engineering used by hackers. (这只是黑客利用社交工程取得成功的又一个例子。)”在讲述黑客利用社交工程取得成功，承接了上文所述的黑客滥用人们在帖子中分享的内容，表明了这是黑客利用社交工程取得成功的又一个例子，同时引出了下文对于社交工程是大多数恶意数据泄露的头号原因的表述，故选项F符合语境；故选F项。
【48题详解】
上文“It is because almost no organization appropriately focuses the necessary resources and training against social engineering that allows hackers and malware to be so long-term successful. (这是因为几乎没有一个组织恰当地将必要的资源和培训集中在对抗社交工程上，使得黑客和恶意软件能够获得如此长期的成功。)”在讲述几乎没有组织将必要的资源和培训集中在对抗社交工程上；选项D “Hackers love that defenders are distracted and don’t focus appropriate resources on the number one threat (黑客喜欢防御者分心，不把适当的资源集中在头号威胁上。)”在讲述黑客喜欢防御者不把资源集中在头号威胁上，与上文所述内容主旨一致，都意在表示因为防御者不将资源集中对抗头号威胁，导致黑客和恶意软件获得长期成功，故选项D符合语境；故选D项。
【49题详解】
上文“The security experts warn that even in the context of “social media,” users shouldn’t let their guard down. (安全专家警告说，即使是在“社交媒体”的背景下，用户也不应该放松警惕。)”在讲述即使在“社交媒体”的背景下，用户也不应该放松警惕；选项A“In fact, this is where users should actually adopt a more cautious attitude. (事实上，这正是用户应该采取更谨慎态度的地方)”在讲述用户在某种情况下应该采取更谨慎的态度，承接了上文所述内容，即在“社交媒体”的背景下，用户应该采取更谨慎态度，故选项A符合语境；故选A项。
【50题详解】
上文““As members of businesses and organizations, we know that enterprise data is always a tempting target for hackers,” Erfan continued. (“作为企业和组织的成员，我们知道企业数据一直是黑客的诱人目标，”Erfan继续说道。)”在讲述企业数据一直是黑客的目标；下文“Preventing attacks and breaches is not 100 percent fool-proof, so we can only hope that big techs have instituted the measures of data-centric security applied directly to data in case that sensitive information falls into the wrong hands. (防止攻击和入侵并不是百分之百万无一失的，所以我们只能希望大型科技公司已经制定了以数据为中心的安全措施，直接应用于数据，以防敏感信息落入不法分子之手。)”在讲述大型科技公司要制定以数据为中心的安全措施；选项B“The recent attack against Twitter should underscore the need for data-centric security. (最近针对Twitter的攻击应该强调以数据为中心的安全的必要性。)”在讲述强调以数据为中心的安全的重要性，是针对上文所述现象所要采取的措施，同时引出下文对于以数据为中心的安全措施的具体阐述，故选项B符合语境；故选B项。
IV. Summary Writing
51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Are Oceans Silent?
Most sea creatures, from whales and dolphins to fish, sharks and shrimps, respond to sound, and many can produce it. They use it to hunt and to hide, find mates and food, send messages and give warnings, establish territories, warn off competitors, confuse their targets, deceive enemies, and sense changes in water and conditions. Marine animals click bones, grind teeth and belch gases (磨牙打嗝); use special organs to make various noises. Far from the ‘silent deep’, the oceans are so noisy.
Into this age-long confused noise, in the blink of an evolutionary eye, has entered a new thunder: the trembling sound of mighty engines as 46,220 large ships passed the world’s shipping courses. Scientists say that background noise in the ocean has increased roughly by 15 decibels (分贝) in the past 50 years. It may not sound like much in overall terms, but it is enough, according to many marine biologists, to mask the normal sounds of ocean life going about its business. At its most intense, some even say noise causes whales to become disoriented, dolphins to suffer from ‘the bends’, fish to go deaf, leave their breeding grounds or fail to form groups—enough to disorganize the basic biology of two thirds of the planet.
“Undersea noise pollution is like the death of a thousand cuts”, says Sylvia Earie, chief scientist of the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. “Each sound in itself may not be a matter of critical concern, but taken all together, the noise from shipping, earthquake-related surveys, and military activity is creating a totally different environment than existed even 50 years ago. That high level of noise is bound to have a hard, sweeping impact on life in the sea.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Oceans are never silent as marine creatures mostly produce various sounds to go about their businesses. Now oceans are getting even noisier as humans do more activities there. The resulting noise is loud enough to change the environment and exercise a disturbing impact on marine life.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海洋里不平静的原因是生物会发出各种声音去进行它们自己的事情，随着人类在海洋中的活动越来越多，海洋也变得越来越嘈杂，由此产生的噪音污染对生物产生了不良的影响。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①Marine animals can produce various noises, making the ocean noisy.
②There are various noises made by human behaviors.
③Undersea noise pollution cause a disturbing impact on marine life.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
The oceans are so noisy that they are far from the ‘silent deep’.
Most sea creatures, from whales and dolphins to fish, sharks and shrimps, not only respond to sound, but also can produce it.
That high level of noise is bound to have a hard, sweeping influence on marine animals.
【点睛】[高分句型1]：Scientists say that background noise in the ocean has increased roughly by 15 decibels (分贝) in the past 50 years.运用了一个复杂的主从复合句作为事实佐证了第二段的论点。其中that引导的宾语从句表达高级。
[高分句型2]：Marine animals click bones, grind teeth and belch gases (磨牙打嗝); use special organs to make various noises. 运用了并列的动词短语是对第一段的论点进行的举例说明。其中并列短语和不定式做目的状语的运用表达高级。
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
52. 如果你不是真的对这个比赛感兴趣，何必费口舌打听呢？（bother）（汉译英）
【答案】Why bother asking if you are not really interested in the match?/Why bother to ask if you are not really interested in the match?
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配、条件状语从句。表示“费心做某事”可用固定搭配bother doing (已做)，或bother to do (未做)；表示“打听”可用ask；表示“如果你不是真的对这个比赛感兴趣”可用if you are not really interested in the match；句首单词首字母用大写；故填Why bother asking if you are not really interested in the match? 或Why bother to ask if you are not really interested in the match?
53. 尤其令人担心的是现如今如何保护方言成了老大难问题。(too…to) (汉译英)
【答案】It is particularly worrying that nowadays how to preserve the dialect has become a problem too difficult to solve.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型、副词、动词。表示“尤其令人担心的是”用固定句型it is particularly worrying that+从句；表示“现如今”用nowadays；表示“如何保护方言”用 how to preserve the dialect；表示“变成了老大难问题”用has become a problem too difficult to solve，其中too…to是固定句型，译为“太……而不能……”，本处用现在完成时，强调现在的结果；句首单词首字母用大写；故填It is particularly worrying that nowadays how to preserve the dialect has become a problem too difficult to solve.
54. 这支五人登山队被困野外时间越久，生还希望就越是渺茫。(survival) (汉译英)
【答案】The longer the mountaineering team of five members got stuck in the wild, the less hope of survival there would be.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型、名词。表示“……时间越久，……的希望越渺茫”用the longer…the less hope of…；表示“这支五人登山队”用the mountaineering team of five members；表示“困住”用get stuck；表示“在野外”用in the wild；此事已发生，故get stuck用过去式；表示“生还”用survival，作介词of的宾语；表示“生还希望就越是渺茫”用the less hope of survival there would be，此处用过去将来时；句首单词首字母用大写；故翻译为The longer the mountaineering team of five members got stuck in the wild, the less hope of survival there would be.
55. 漫步在这古典园林中，四处可见各式木门，它们图纹各异，形式活泼，别具特色。(hang) (汉译英)
【答案】When you are hanging around the classical garden, a variety of wooden doors are seen everywhere, which are different in pattern, lively in form and unique in style./When you are hanging about the classical garden, a variety of wooden doors are seen everywhere, which are different in pattern, lively in form and unique in style.
【解析】
【详解】考查时间状语从句、定语从句、固定短语。表示“漫步在……中（时）”用 when you are hanging around /about…；表示“古典园林”用the classical garden；表示“四处可见各式木门”用a variety of wooden doors are seen everywhere；本处用which引导非限定性定语从句来表示“它们图纹各异，形式活泼，别具特色”，即“which are different in pattern, lively in form and unique in style.”，其中which指物，在从句中作主语；句首单词首字母用大写；故填When you are hanging around the classical garden, a variety of wooden doors are seen everywhere, which are different in pattern, lively in form and unique in style.或When you are hanging about the classical garden, a variety of wooden doors are seen everywhere, which are different in pattern, lively in form and unique in style.
VI. Guided Writing
56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
明启中学拟举办一次摄影展。现就布展方式（校图书馆或校园网站）征集学生意见。假设你是王磊，请给学生会写一封邮件表达你的想法。你的邮件必须满足以下要求：
1. 简述你写邮件的目的及你对布展方式的选择；
2. 说明你的理由（从体验感、互动性或影响力等方面对这两种布展方式进行对比）。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】To whom it may concern:
I’ve learned that a photography exhibition is to be held and that you’re collecting advice on the way of arrangement. I’m writing this letter to share my opinions with you. In my opinion, it is more advisable to hold the photography exhibition in school library than on campus website. My reasons are as follows.
At first, the library of our school is spacious, which provides visitors with a comfortable environment for appreciating the exhibition, so they will have a nice experience. Besides, watching the exhibition at school library is more convenient for visitors to interact with others. Last but not least, a photography exhibition held on campus website has far less impact than that held in school library, because people may assume that holding a photography exhibition on website is just like a virtual activity. Therefore, I suggest the exhibition be held in school library.
Yours,
Wang Lei
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。明启中学拟举办一次摄影展，现就布展方式征集学生意见，要求考生给学生会写一封邮件表达自己的想法，内容要点包括：1. 简述你写邮件的目的及你对布展方式的选择；2. 说明你的理由（从体验感、互动性或影响力等方面对这两种布展方式进行对比）。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
建议：advice → suggestions
在我看来：In my opinion → As far as I am concerned
宽敞的：spacious → capacious
此外：Besides → What’s more
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In my opinion, it is more advisable to hold the photography exhibition in school library than on campus website.
拓展句：I hold the belief that it is more advisable to hold the photography exhibition in school library than on campus website.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’ve learned that a photography exhibition is to be held and that you’re collecting advice on the way of arrangement. (运用了that 引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】At first, the library of our school is spacious, which provides visitors with a comfortable environment for appreciating the exhibition, so they will have a nice experience. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
听力答案：1-10CBCDD BADCB 11-20CAD CCB CBBC