2022-2023学年上海市杨浦区高三上学期一模英语试卷含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年上海市杨浦区高三上学期一模英语试卷含解析，共41页。试卷主要包含了本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分等内容，欢迎下载使用。
 2022-2023学年上海市杨浦区高三上学期英语一模卷
考生注意：
1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答題必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. At the travel agency. B. At the shopping mall.
C. At the museum. D. At the lecture hall.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Oh, look at this. It’s a brochure for virtual tours of the museum.
M: That’s so cool! We can take a virtual tour of the modern artwork exhibition that we skipped this morning.
Q: Where were the two speakers this morning?
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. Its plug is missing.
B. It has got out of paper.
C. It isn’t connected to the power.
D. It is not put in the right position.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Can you help me please? I can’t get this printer to work. I tried filling it with paper but still nothing.
M: Well, I can see the problem from here. It’s not plugged in.
Q: Why doesn’t the printer work properly?
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. Boss and employee. B. Colleagues.
C. Policeman and prisoner. D. Classmates.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Why isn’t Ben here in the office?
M: Ben made a narrow escape and left work just before the boss could give him more assignments to do.
Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. She failed the driving test in the past.
B She can’t believe the man foiled.
C. The man should have practiced more.
D. The man should forget about the test.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】M: I still can’t believe that I failed my driving test after days of practice.
W: The past is in the past. Just let it go.
Q: What does the woman mean?
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. He thinks highly of it.
B. He doesn’t like it.
C. It lasts too long.
D. Its content is not good.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: So you’ve seen the show. Now I’d like to hear your opinions.
M: Well, I am afraid the show is not good enough. The presenter comes across as a bit sort of big-headed and full of himself.
Q: What does the man think of the show?
6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. Eight weeks is not a problem for him.
B. All the specialists are fully booked.
C. The good specialist is worth the wait.
D. His back problem is not very serious.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Since this specialist doesn’t have any openings for eight weeks, why not see another specialist for your back problem?
M: But she is the best in the business.
Q: What does the man mean?
7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. The library won’t be open as previously scheduled.
B. The library is believed to be beyond repair.
C. The repair work didn’t start from the 25th of May.
D. The repair work should have been planned earlier.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: It’s 9 o’clock. How come the library is not open?
M: It’s closed for repairs from the 25th of April until the 1st of July. But I heard the repair work wasn’t going on very smoothly.
Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?
8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. The woman should stick with her current job.
B. The woman should take the new job offer.
C. The woman should be prepared to work extra hours.
D. The woman should stop complaining about her job.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: So you think I should take this new job?
M: I’ve been listening to you complain for over a year now. They pay you late. They force you to work extra hours. What do you have to lose?
Q: What does the man mean?
9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. The man is determined to have a break this weekend.
B. The man is hesitant over whether to have a break or not.
C. Both of them are under pressure and deserve a break.
D. Neither of them will enjoy a stress-free weekend.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: It’s Sunday. Give yourself a break.
M: I know. I feel like I should enjoy the weekend, but not doing anything makes me even more stressed out.
Q: What can we learn from the conversation?
10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. He tends to understate the difficulty.
B. He likes to make empty promises.
C. He is passionate about extreme sports.
D. He hates to stretch the truth.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey, I just signed up for an activity. Do you wanna join me? I promise it’s nothing too difficult.
W: I highly doubt it. Last time you said the same thing, and it turned out to be a marathon.
Q: What does the woman imply about the man?
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11.
A. Try not to think of a polar bear.
B. Try to pose as a polar bear.
C. Stop thinking about their feet.
D. Observe themselves for a few minutes.
12.
A. Those who were informed of the purpose of the experiment.
B. Those who were told to think of white bears on purpose.
C. Those who were shown pictures of white bears at intervals.
D. Those who were asked not to think of a white bear from the beginning.
13.
A. There will be greater chance of us controlling the thoughts.
B. Old doubts will be more likely to come to the surface.
C. We will be able to get rid of negative thoughts.
D. We will be bothered more likely by the thoughts.
【答案】11. A 12. D 13. D
【解析】
【原文】Try not to think about your feet. Now observe yourself over the next few minutes as you are unable to stop thinking about them. This phenomenon, known as the “white bear problem,” was first suggested back in 1863 by Russian novelist, Fyodor Dostoevsky. In his essay, he challenged readers, “Try to pose yourself this task: not to think of a polar bear, and you will see that the annoying thing will come to mind every minute.” Over a century and a half later, Harvard psychologist Daniel Wegner came across Dostoevsky’s passage, and was inspired to investigate the matter further. Wegner designed an experiment involving different groups of subjects who were asked to think of or not to think of a white bear. When the first group of people were asked not to think of a white bear, they ended up thinking of it more than once per minute on average. Next, the same group was asked to do the same exercise, but this time to think of white bears from the very beginning. It turned out that the participants in the first group thought of the bear far more often than the other groups who had been instructed to think of white bears on purpose. Wegner coined the term “ironic rebound” to describe the process whereby deliberate attempts to control thoughts make them more likely to come to the surface.
Questions
11. What did the Russian novelist ask the readers to do in his essay back in 1863?
12. Who thought of the white bear the most among different groups of subjects?
13. According to Wegner, what will happen if we attempt hard to control certain thoughts?
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14.
A. By using a special type of liquid.
B. By absorbing the heat from the ceiling.
C. By fixing a device on the inside coating.
D. By removing pressure from the pipes.
15.
A. It has successfully achieved zero-carbon emission.
B. Renewable energy is used there to power lights and heating.
C. It is able to supply all the heating in the area of Glasgow.
D. It attracts professional dancers to have a great time there.
16
A. A new machine to transform heat energy.
B. A revolutionary battery that stores heat.
C. An innovative project called Bodyheat.
D. A global discussion on fighting climate change.
【答案】14. A 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【原文】An arts venue called SWG3 in Glasgow, Scotland has launched a system that uses the heat produced by dancing as a source of energy. The more energetically people dance, the more heat they create. Devices on the ceiling absorb heat from inside the club and transport it through pipes using a special type of liquid called a carrier fluid. The heat energy travels into 12 holes drilled into the ground to be stored 200 metres below. The heat energy can be stored in the rocks like a thermal battery that stores energy as heat until it is needed. Another system then moves the heat to areas that need warming. The project, which is called Bodyheat, was officially launched on 6 October, and it was tested during the climate conference in Glasgow in November 2021. At the event, world leaders discussed how to tackle climate change. The system stored the heat from visitors and used it to power lights and heating. Now, the owners of SWG3 say they’ll be able to switch off their gas boilers and use Bodyheat to supply all their heating. This would add up to big savings in the amount of carbon dioxide they produce. The hope is that by 2025, SWG3 will not be releasing any carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Dr Jon Gluyas, from Durham University praised the Bodyheat project as a “really good move”. He said it could help with the energy crisis in the UK by producing more energy here instead of having to rely on buying energy from other countries. Besides, people are really making Glasgow greener – while having a great time.
Questions
14. How is the heat transported through pipes to the rocks 200 meters below?
15. Which of the following is TRUE about SWG3 in Glasgow, Scotland?
16. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17.
A. A phone with an up-to-date operating system.
B. A new model with a different size and color.
C. A model that has the longest-lasting battery.
D. A phone with an automatic filming function.
18.
A. It may not be as efficient as the old one.
B. It takes much time to get used to a new phone.
C. She can’t afford to buy a new phone.
D. She doesn’t like the new applications.
19.
A. Their phones are regularly updated.
B. They are both interested in digital technology.
C. They both had data stolen from the phones.
D. Their old phones were bought about 2 years ago.
20.
A. Improving productivity at work.
B. Enlarging the phone storage.
C. Buying a new smartphone.
D. Increasing phone security.
【答案】17. A 18. B 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: This article says that the average time for replacing a smartphone is about two years.
W: And you’re telling me this because ...?
M: Well, I’ve had mine about that long. So I’m thinking it is about time to get a new phone.
W: Why? Is something wrong with it? We got ours at the same time, remember? I don’t feel the need to get a new one yet.
M: I think I’d be more productive for work if I updated my phone.
W: Really? How so?
M: It would make communication easier, and a new phone would be faster.
W: I know you are using your phone for work more. But are you sure you need a new one? Do the new ones really function better? Often a new model just means a new size, color or some other small features.
M: I need a phone with an up-to-date operating system so that my productivity rate stays high. The new phone I’m looking at buying has very helpful new applications, too.
W: Well, I guess ... if you need it for work.
M: What about you? Yours can’t be as efficient as it used to be.
W: What are you talking about?
M: Well, isn’t your battery dying faster than before? Aren’t you running out of storage?
W: Well, my phone does die faster than it used to. But there is so much to learn when you get a new phone. It took me a long time to get used to the one I have now.
M: You still should think about it.
W: I don’t use mine for work. I use it mainly to text or call people and take photos and play some games.
M: You also search online for things, don’t you?
W: Well, yes. But new smartphones are expensive.
M: Let’s look at it this way: a new smartphone offers better protection.
W: What are you talking about?
M: There’s been a huge increase in people stealing data from phones. A new phone can keep all of our information safer because it has better security.
W: Let me think about it.
Questions:
17. What kind of new phones does the man intend to buy?
18. Why doesn’t the woman want to get a new phone?
19. What can be learned about the two speakers?
20. What are the two speakers talking about?
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
It’s OK Not to Be OK
Every now and then, you are probably told not to give up when things get difficult. But at what point can we feel that it’s OK to give up? Sometimes, giving up can be a thoughtful and brave decision. If you feel like you have the weight of the world on your shoulders and it is holding ___21___ down, find a way to take a break.___22___ (remember) that you can always give up when you hit your limit and start over when you feel ready again.
Simone Biles, with a ___23___ (combine) total of 32 Olympic and World Championship medals, got a case of the “twisties” at the Olympics in Tokyo last year. This means that when doing flips (空翻) or twists, the world’s greatest gymnast had a hard time figuring out ___24___ the ground was. So, she told the world she wasn’t going to compete ___25___ she knew her limits. If she had pushed herself at all costs, she might have ended up with a lifelong injury. Instead, she knew when ___26___ (tell) people she wasn’t OK.
As a four-time Grand Slam winner at the age of 23, the Japanese tennis player Naomi Osaka ___27___ (drop) out of the 2021 French Open. She announced that she needed a break ___28___ the spotlight to work on her mental health. In a TIME magazine interview before the Olympics, she said, “I do hope that people ___29___ relate and understand it’s OK to not be OK, and it’s OK to talk about it. There are people ____30____ experiences are inspiring, and there is usually light at the end of any tunnel.”
【答案】21. you
22. Remember
23. combined
24. where 25. because##as
26. to tell
27. dropped
28. from##off
29. can 30. whose
【解析】
【导语】本文是议论文。文章通过举例阐述了偶尔不好也是可以的。
【21题详解】
考查代词。句意：如果你觉得整个世界的重量都压在你的肩上，拖住了你，想办法休息一下。根据句意和前文的主语you可知，此处表示“拖住了你”，人称代词you主格和宾格一样。故填you。
【22题详解】
考查动词。句意：记住，当你达到极限时，你可以放弃，当你觉得准备好了时，你可以重新开始。分析句子可知，and连接两个祈使句，祈使句动词用原形，that引导宾语从句作remember的宾语，单词置句首首字母大写，故填Remember。
【23题详解】
考查形容词。句意：西蒙·拜尔斯(Simone Biles)，总共获得了32枚奥运会和世锦赛奖牌，她在去年的东京奥运会上遭遇了“扭曲”。修饰名词total，用形容词combined，表示“总和的；总计的”，根据句意，故填combined。
【24题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：这意味着，这位世界上最伟大的体操运动员在做空翻或扭转时，很难找到地面的位置。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，作figure out的宾语，根据句意，此处用连接词where“……的地方”符合语境，故填where。
【25题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：所以，她告诉全世界，她将不比赛了，因为她知道自己的极限。根据句意，前后文是因果关系，故用because“因为”或者as“因为”引导原因状语从句，故填because/as。
【26题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：相反，她知道什么时候告诉别人她不可以。分析句子可知，此处用“疑问词+不定式”作动词knew的宾语，根据句意，故填to tell。
【27题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：日本网球选手大阪直美在23岁时四次获得大满贯，但她退出了2021年的法国网球公开赛。根据句意和下文的“the 2021 French Open”可知，表示过去发生的事情用一般过去时，drop是谓语动词，故填dropped。
【28题详解】
考查介词。句意：她宣布，她需要暂时离开聚光灯，专注于自己的心理健康。根据句意，break from“突然离开”，break off“中断；暂停”都符合语境，故填from/off。
【29题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：在奥运会前接受《时代》杂志采访时，她说:“我真的希望人们能够理解，不可以也没关系，谈论它也没关系。有些人，他们的经历鼓舞人心，在隧道的尽头通常都有光明。”分析句子可知，that引导宾语从句，relate是从句谓语动词，结合句意，此处用情态动词can表示“可以；能够”，接动词原形构成谓语，故填can。
【30题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰people，从句中作定语，用关系代词whose，故填whose。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. justify B. trend C. theory D. restricted E. diversifying
F. obviously G. termed H. climate I. suddenly J. seeking K. evident
The Lipstick Effect
In 2020, the world was plunged into an economic downturn as the COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread closures to businesses. Under these circumstances, millions of people ___31___ found themselves facing financial insecurity. During such times of economic hardship, one may naturally expect that consumer markets will see a decline in expenditure, as people everywhere feel ___32___ to making only “essential” purchases. However, a curious phenomenon known as the “lipstick effect” can often be observed.
The lipstick effect refers to the phenomenon of consumers spending on small luxury goods even when an economic depression occurs. This phenomenon was ___33___ the “lipstick effect” in 2001 by Leonard Lauder, chairman of luxury cosmetic company Estée Lauder. He had not only witnessed the phenomenon at work but also realized that it was especially ___34___ in the case of lipstick and other cosmetic products.
So, how exactly do consumers who are short of cash ___35___ making such purchases? First and perhaps most ___36___, consumers may simply wish to give themselves treats now and again to provide distractions from their financial insecurity. Another ___37___ has to do with labour markets. Specifically, during the economic depression, job seeking tends to become more competitive. Thus, people ___38___ employment may perceive a need to spend money on certain products to improve their physical appearance. By using products such as lipstick, they may feel more confident during job interviews.
Whatever the causes of the lipstick effect, this phenomenon is no short-lived ___39___. During the global depression of 2007-2009, sales of cosmetic in the United States increased by around 5%. Based on such data, it seems that even in the current insecure economic ___40___, the luxury cosmetics industry is one that will be sticking around.
【答案】31. I 32. D
33. G 34. K
35. A 36. F
37. C 38. J
39. B 40. H
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是口红效应。
【31题详解】
考查副词。句意：在这种情况下，数百万人突然发现自己面临经济不安全感。由上文“the COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread closures to businesses”可知，此处表示“数百万人突然发现自己面临经济不安全感”，空格处意为“突然”，是suddenly。故选I。
【32题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在这样的经济困难时期，人们自然会认为消费市场的支出将会下降，因为各地的人们都感到受到限制，只能购买“必要的”物品。由下文“making only “essential” purchases”可知，各地的人们都感到受到限制，只能购买“必要的”物品，空格处意为“受限制的”，用形容词作表语，是restricted，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：2001年，奢侈化妆品公司Estée Lauder董事长Leonard Lauder将这种现象称为“口红效应”。由下文“the “lipstick effect””可知，奢侈化妆品公司Estée Lauder董事长Leonard Lauder将这种现象称为“口红效应”，空格处意为“把……称为”，是term，这种现象是被称为“口红效应”，用被动语态，空格前有was，空格处用过去分词。故选G。
【34题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他不仅在工作中目睹了这种现象，而且还意识到这种现象在口红和其他化妆品中尤其明显。由上文“consumers spending on small luxury goods”可知，这种现象在口红和其他化妆品中尤其明显，空格处意为“明显的”，用形容词evident作表语。故选K。
【35题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：那么，缺乏现金的消费者究竟如何证明他们的购买行为是合理的呢？由下文“consumers may simply wish to give themselves treats now and again to provide distractions from their financial insecurity”可知，句子表示“缺乏现金的消费者究竟如何证明他们的购买行为是合理的呢”，空格处意为“证明……合理”，是justify，句子是特殊疑问句，空前有how exactly do，因此空格处用原形。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：首先，也许也是最明显的，消费者可能只是想时不时地犒劳一下自己，让自己从财务上的不安全感中转移注意力。由下文“consumers may simply wish to give themselves treats now and again to provide distractions from their financial insecurity”可知，句子表示“也许也是最明显的，消费者可能只是想时不时地犒劳一下自己，让自己从财务上的不安全感中转移注意力”，空格处意为“明显地”，用副词作状语，修饰后面的句子，是obviously。故选F。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：另一种理论与劳动力市场有关。由下文“Specifically, during the economic depression, job seeking tends to become more competitive. Thus, people___8___ employment may perceive a need to spend money on certain products to improve their physical appearance. By using products such as lipstick, they may feel more confident during job interviews.”可知，此处指的是“另一种理论与劳动力市场有关”，空格处意为“理论”，是theory。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，找工作的人可能会觉得有必要花钱购买某些产品来改善他们的外貌。由下文“they may feel more confident during job interviews”可知，找工作的人可能会觉得有必要花钱购买某些产品来改善他们的外貌，空格处意为“寻找”，是seek，句中谓语是may perceive，空格处用非谓语动词，people和seek之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，作后置定语。故选J。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：无论口红效应的原因是什么，这种现象都不会昙花一现。由下文“the luxury cosmetics industry is one that will be sticking around”可知，这种现象都不会昙花一现，这将成为一种趋势，空格处意为“趋势”，是trend。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：根据这些数据，即使在目前不稳定的经济气候下，奢侈品化妆品行业似乎也会继续存在。由第一段的“the COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread closures to businesses”可知，句子表示“即使在目前不稳定的经济气候下，奢侈品化妆品行业似乎也会继续存在”，空格处意为“环境，气候”，是climate。故选H。
III.Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The human memory is phenomenally strong. It also has a habit of getting things badly wrong. According to Jonathan Hancock, our memory expert, faulty memories can be ___41___ revealing.
Just last week,___42___, my wife and I were discussing how we’d chosen our youngest son’s name. I had a ___43___ memory of us writing out a list of possible names, but stopping after just a few because we’d spotted one we both loved.
My wife ___44___. In her memory, we’d had a much longer list, and gone back and chosen one from the middle of the list.
So we dug out the piece of paper we’d used-and found that we’d actually done something completely ___45___ to choose Nate’s name
Memory mistakes happen on a larger scale, too. The “Mandela Effect” is when lots of people have confident recollections that turn out to be ___46___. It was named by researchers who were discussing their strong memories of Nelson Mandela’s death in prison-when he actually lived for 23 years after his ___47___.
There are plenty of other examples of this phenomenon. If you’re sure that you remember seeing the Monopoly Man wearing a spyglass, for instance, or hearing a wicked queen say “Mirror, mirror on the wall,” you’ve ___48___ it yourself (he doesn’t, and she says, “Magic mirror on the wall”___49___).
So what’s going on? Well, for starters, memory often works by ___50___, and similar bits of information can overlap in our brains. We’re also good at “filling in the blanks” with details that are logical but untrue. What’s more, whenever we run through a memory, we make it stronger—___51___ any bits that were wrong.
But there’s plenty of good news here, too.
Everyone misremembers. We shouldn’t be too hard on ourselves when we make mistakes. The mental associations that sometimes lead to ___52___ can also help us to find information otherwise difficult to locate.
If you’re ___53___ with someone’s name, try thinking of things you associate with them, and see if your brain gets the push it needs.
Discussing your memories is great mental exercise. It highlights strengths and weaknesses, and lets you learn tips from others.
___54___ memories often builds a much more accurate picture. That was certainly true for my wife and me.
Make sure to remember that remembering is a creative ___55___: mind-blowingly powerful, and also likely to make mistakes.
41. A. subsequently B. extremely C. rarely D. instantly
42 A. on the contrary B. for example C. in addition D. by the way
43. A. faint B. smart C. painful D. vivid
44. A. inferred B. hesitated C. confirmed D. disagreed
45. A. different B. subjective C. primitive D. contradictory
46. A. wrong B. consistent C. substantial D. right
47. A. rejection B. release C. imprisonment D. movement
48. A. experienced B. witnessed C. anticipated D. spread
49. A. though B. finally C. instead D. otherwise
50. A. conservation B. separation C. facilitation D. association
51. A. excluding B. regarding C. including D. considering
52. A. errors B. trials C. facts D. data
53. A. competing B. struggling C. corresponding D. exchanging
54. A. Attaining B. Boosting C. Perceiving D. Comparing
55. A. component B. phase C. outcome D. process
【答案】41. B 42. B 43. D 44. D 45. A 46. A 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了记忆错误发生的普遍性，并分析了这一现象产生的原因及应对措施。
【41题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：根据我们的记忆专家Jonathan Hancock的说法，错误的记忆是非常有启发性的。A. subsequently后来；B. extremely非常；C. rarely很少；D. instantly立刻。根据下文“The mental associations that sometimes lead to ___12___ can also help us to find information otherwise difficult to locate”可知，错误的记忆是非常有启发性的。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，就在上周，我和妻子还在讨论如何给小儿子取名字。A. on the contrary相反；B. for example例如；C. in addition另外；D. by the way顺便说一下。根据下文“my wife and I were discussing how we’d chosen our youngest son’s name”可知，此处是作者已自己的经历为例，空格处意为“例如”。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我清楚地记得，我们列出了一个可能的名字的清单，但只写了几个就停了下来，因为我们发现了一个我们都喜欢的名字。A. faint模糊的；B. smart聪明的；C. painful痛苦的；D. vivid生动的，逼真的。根据下文“So we dug out the piece of paper we’d used”可知，作者清楚地记得，曾经列出了一个可能的名字的清单，因此这段记忆是很生动逼真的。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我妻子不同意。A. inferred推断；B. hesitated犹豫；C. confirmed确认；D. disagreed不同意。根据下文“we’d had a much longer list, and gone back and chosen one from the middle of the list”可知，作者的妻子觉得当时列的清单更长，因此此处表示“妻子不同意”。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：于是，我们拿出了之前用过的那张纸，发现我们为了给内特取名字所做的事情其实完全不同。A. different不同的；B. subjective主观的；C. primitive原始的；D. contradictory相互矛盾的。根据上文“stopping after just a few”和“we’d had a much longer list”可知，作者发现他们为了给内特取名字所做的事情其实完全不同，故选A。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“曼德拉效应”指的是很多人自信满满的回忆最终被证明是错误的。A. wrong错误的；B. consistent一致的；C. substantial大量的；D. right正确的。根据上文“Memory mistakes happen on a larger scale”可知，句子表示“曼德拉效应指的是很多人自信满满的回忆最终被证明是错误的”。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个名字是由研究人员命名的，当时他们正在讨论对纳尔逊·曼德拉在狱中死亡的强烈记忆——实际上，曼德拉在获释后还活了23年。A. rejection拒绝；B. release释放；C. imprisonment监禁；D. movement活动。根据上文“he actually lived for 23 years after”可知，曼德拉在获释后还活了23年。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，如果你确信你记得看到大富翁男人戴着望远镜，或者听到邪恶的女王说“镜子，墙上的镜子”，那么你自己也经历过（他没有，她反而说的是“墙上的魔镜”）。A. experienced经历；B. witnessed目击；C. anticipated预期；D. spread传播。根据上文“you’re sure that you remember seeing the Monopoly Man wearing a spyglass, for instance, or hearing a wicked queen say “Mirror, mirror on the wall,””可知，此处表示“你自己也经历过这”。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：例如，如果你确信你记得看到大富翁男人戴着望远镜，或者听到邪恶的女王说“镜子，墙上的镜子”，那么你自己也经历过（他没有，她反而说的是“墙上的魔镜”）。A. though虽然；B. finally最后；C. instead反而；D. otherwise否则。根据上文“Mirror, mirror on the wall”和“Magic mirror on the wall”可知，此处表示她说的不是“Mirror, mirror on the wall”，而是“Magic mirror on the wall”，空格处是“反而”。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，记忆通常是通过联想起作用的，相似的信息可以在我们的大脑中重叠。A. conservation保存；B. separation分离；C. facilitation促进；D. association联想。根据第12空前的“The mental associations”可知，此处表示“记忆通常是通过联想起作用的”。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，每当我们浏览一段记忆时，我们都会让它变得更强大——包括任何错误的部分。A. excluding把……排除在外；B. regarding认为；C. including包括；D. considering考虑。根据上文“We’re also good at “filling in the blanks” with details that are logical but untrue”可知，我们会把任何错误的部分包括进记忆中。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时导致错误的心理联想也可以帮助我们找到难以定位的信息。A. errors错误；B. trials试验；C. facts事实；D. data数据。根据上文“We’re also good at “filling in the blanks” with details that are logical but untrue”和“__11___ any bits that were wrong”可知，句子表示“有时导致错误的心理联想也可以帮助我们找到难以定位的信息”。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你努力地想记起某个人的名字，试着想想与他们有关的事物，看看你的大脑是否得到了所需的推动。A. competing竞争；B. struggling努力；C. corresponding通信；D. exchanging交换。根据下文“try thinking of things you associate with them, and see if your brain gets the push it needs”可知，此处表示“如果你努力地想记起某个人的名字，试着想想与他们有关的事物，看看你的大脑是否得到了所需的推动”。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：比较记忆往往能构建出更准确的画面。A. Attaining获得；B. Boosting促进；C. Perceiving理解；D. Comparing比较。根据上文“Discussing your memories is great mental exercise. It highlights strengths and weaknesses, and lets you learn tips from others”和下文“That was certainly true for my wife and me”及前文描述的作者和妻子有不同的记忆可知，此处表示“比较记忆往往能构建出更准确的画面”。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一定要记住，记忆是一个创造性的过程：惊人的强大，也可能犯错误。A. component成分；B. phase阶段；C. outcome结果；D. process过程。根据上文“remembering is a creative”和下文“mind-blowingly powerful, and also likely to make mistakes”可知，此处表示“记忆是一个创造性的过程”。故选D。

Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
A rare 765-year-old gold coin found on farm land in Devon in south-west England is expected to sell for up to half a million pounds at auction. It is believed that the coin was made more than 750 years ago, during the rule of the English King Henry III. It is one of only eight known to exist.
Featuring a picture of King Henry III on one side and a cross and roses on the other, the coin is around 2.5 centimetres across. It was made with gold that came from north Africa. It was found in September last year by a detectorist (someone who looks for items buried underground using a metal detector) in Hemyock village. The detectorist had no idea how rare the coin was until he posted a photo of it on social media, where it was spotted by a history expert.
The finder, who doesn’t want to be named, was told to take the coin to the British Museum, where it was confirmed that the coin was very rare. According to the law, the finder is allowed to keep it because it’s a single coin and not part of a bigger haul but he has decided to sell it. He told the BBC, “The coin was found in an unappealing field and could quite easily have never been recovered. Now it is protected for future generations to enjoy.”
The coin is especially valuable because it was one of England’s first gold coins. The country’s coins were made of silver until King Henry III, who ruled from 1216 until his death in 1272, introduced gold ones with his picture on them.
Professor David Carpenter at King’s College London has traced the coin back to a man called John de Hidon, who was the lord of Hemyock Manor. Carpenter thinks the coin may have fallen out of someone’s pocket—either de Hidon himself or one of his staff.
56. The correct order of the events that happened is .
①The value of the coin was confirmed.
②A coin was unearthed in the field.
③The coin was on display at the British Museum.
④The coin was intended for sale.
⑤The coin caught the attention of a history expert.
A. ①③②④ B. ②⑤①④
C. ②①⑤④③ D. ④②①③⑤
57. Which of the following aspects is mentioned about the coin?
A. Its exhibition. B. Its significance.
C. Its preservation. D. Its distribution.
58. The underlined word “haul” in the third paragraph probably means .
A. stolen or illegal things B. imported goods
C. patented cultural items D. hidden mineral resources
59. Which of the following may be the best title for the news story?
A. How to Discover Hidden Treasure B. A Coin Sold for Millions
C. History Miraculously Repeats Itself D. Treasure Hunter Strikes Gold
【答案】56. B 57. B 58. A 59. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了在英格兰西南部德文郡的农田里发现的一枚有765年历史的罕见金币，预计将在拍卖会上以50万英镑的价格售出。该金币是英国最早的金币之一，极具价值。因为这个金币不是偷来的或者违法的东西，发现者可以拥有他。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A rare 765-year-old gold coin found on farm land in Devon in south-west England is expected to sell for up to half a million pounds at auction. (在英格兰西南部德文郡的农田里发现的一枚有765年历史的罕见金币，预计将在拍卖会上以50万英镑的价格售出。)”；第二段中“The detectorist had no idea how rare the coin was until he posted a photo of it on social media, where it was spotted by a history expert.(这位侦探不知道这枚硬币有多罕见，直到他在社交媒体上发布了一张它的照片，被一位历史专家发现。)”以及倒数第二段中“The coin is especially valuable because it was one of England’s first gold coins. (这枚硬币特别珍贵，因为它是英国最早的金币之一。)”可知，正确顺序为该金币被发现，侦探将该硬币的图片放到网上，受到历史学家的关注，历史学家确认了该枚硬币的价值，它是英国最早的金币之一，该没金币当前将在拍卖会上以50万英镑的价格售出。。故选B。
【57题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The coin is especially valuable because it was one of England’s first gold coins. The country’s coins were made of silver until King Henry III, who ruled from 1216 until his death in 1272, introduced gold ones with his picture on them.(这枚硬币特别珍贵，因为它是英国最早的金币之一。在亨利三世(1216年在位，1272年去世)推出印有自己头像的金制硬币之前，该国的硬币一直是银制的。)”可知，文章强调了该金币的重要性。故选B。
【58题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子“ According to the law, the finder is allowed to keep it(根据法律，发现者可以保留它。)”以及后文的because可知，此处解释了发现者可以个人保留该金币的原因，由此推断，因为这个金币不是偷来的或者违法的东西，由此才可以被发现者保留。故选A。
【59题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要讲述了在英格兰西南部德文郡的农田里发现的一枚有765年历史的罕见金币，预计将在拍卖会上以50万英镑的价格售出。该金币是英国最早的金币之一，极具价值。因为这个金币不是偷来的或者违法的东西，发现者可以拥有他。故D选项“Treasure Hunter Strikes Gold(寻宝猎人获得金币)”能概括文章主题。故选D。
(B)


60. What can be learned about the Medical Research Foundation?
A. It is a UK-based medical center for rare diseases.
B. It is breaking ground in tackling antimicrobial resistance.
C. It is famous for training next generations of scientists.
D. It is a section of the Medical Research Council.
61. If Jenny would like to be kept informed of the work of the Medical Research Foundation via email, she should________.
A. fill in the form at the bottom
B. scan the QR code on the right
C. click the provided website link
D. send an email to the foundation
62. The whole page is devoted to________.
A. advocating one charitable agency
B. introducing some brilliant scientists
C. launching an appeal for donations
D. raising awareness of global health challenges
【答案】60. D 61. A 62. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，以广告的形式说明了遗嘱中的礼物可能是保护人类健康未来的关键。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章上半部分的“As Chair of the Medical Research Foundation-the charitable arm of the Medical Research Council(作为医学研究基金会——医学研究理事会的慈善机构的主席)”可知，医学研究基金会是医学研究委员会的一个部门。故选D。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章下半部分的“To request your free guide to gifts in Wills fill in this form and return to Freepost, MEDICAL RESEARCH FOUNDATION(如欲索取免费的遗嘱赠礼指南，请填写此表格并寄回医学研究基金会)”可知，如果珍妮想通过电子邮件了解医学研究基金会的工作，她应该填写下面的表格。故选A。
【62题详解】
推理判断题。根据正文部分最后一段的“A gift in your Will to the Medical Research Foundation is an excellent investment and will have a lasting impact on science and on the future of human health in the UK.(在你的遗嘱中给医学研究基金会的一份礼物是一项极好的投资，将对英国的科学和人类健康的未来产生持久的影响。)”和“Get your free guide to supporting research in your Will.(在遗嘱中获得支持研究的免费指南)”可知，这整篇文章是致力于发起捐款呼吁的，故选C。
(C)
Children often learn new languages more easily than adults do, but it’s unclear why. Some theorize that grasping a language requires absorbing subtle patterns unconsciously and that adults’ superior conscious reasoning is to blame. New research suggests that, indeed, grown-ups might just be too smart for their own good.
For a recent study in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, a group of Belgian adults at the same time read and heard strings of four made-up words (such as “kieng nief siet hiem”).
Specific consonants (辅音) always appeared at the beginning or end of a word if the word contained a certain vowel (元音). Participants next read the sequences aloud quickly. Their ability to avoid mistakes doing so indicated how well they absorbed the consonant-vowel patterns.
But before exposure to the new words, the participants had carried out a separate test: pressing keys to react to letters and numbers. Some got a much faster, more mentally draining version of this test.
Those who did the difficult version claimed greater mental exhaustion afterward-but performed better on the following language task. The researchers assume that tired learners used less conscious analysis on the word rules: they were free to learn like a child.
For a related paper in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, the research team had English-speaking adults listen to streams of syllables (音节) secretly grouped into three-syllable “words.” Later, they played pairs of three-syllable units; one word in the pair came from the stream, and one was a new combination. The participants guessed which word was familiar, then rated their confidence.
In one participant group, some had first done the original mentally draining test. In another, some had received magnetic pulses to interrupt activity in a brain area that previous research has linked to executive control. In both groups, these measures improved participants’ performance on the syllable task when they were unsure about their answers, indicating unconscious analysis of speech. Neuroscientist Michael Ullman, who was not involved in either paper, likes that both the studies added to mental burden differently and measured different skills. That’s really good in science because you’ve got evidences pointing to the same direction,” he says, adding that he would like to see higher language skills such as grammar studied this way.
63. The reason why some Belgians were given a more difficult test before the language task was that .
A. they would have no time to prepare for the upcoming task
B. they would be too tired mentally to consciously analyze the rules
C. they could have something to refer to in the following task
D. they might compare the difficulty level of the two tasks
64. How did the participants who had received magnetic pulses do in the syllable task, compared with those who hadn’t?
A. They relied more upon conscious analysis.
B. They identified more familiar combinations.
C. They performed the task less confidently.
D. They were less able to control emotions.
65. What can be inferred from Michael Ullman’s remark?
A. The research result is not solid until grammar is included.
B. Subconscious mind remains to be explored in science.
C. The outcomes of the two researches back each other up
D. More evidence is needed to back the claim of the two papers.
66. Which of the following conclusions will the research team agree with?
A. Human brain processes languages in multiple ways.
B. Conscious analysis is the key to mastering a language.
C. Increasing mental health improves one’s language.
D. Reducing reasoning may help to learn a language.
【答案】63. B 64. B 65. C 66. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是两项成年人学习语言的研究。
【63题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段的“Those who did the difficult version claimed greater mental exhaustion afterward-but performed better on the following language task. The researchers assume that tired learners used less conscious analysis on the word rules: they were free to learn like a child.(那些做了困难版本的人在之后表示更大的精神疲惫，但在接下来的语言任务中表现得更好。研究人员认为，疲惫的学习者对单词规则的有意识分析较少：他们像孩子一样自由地学习)”可知，一些比利时人在语言测试之前被安排了一个更难的测试，原因是他们会在精神上太累而无法有意识地分析规则。故选B。
【64题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“The participants guessed which word was familiar, then rated their confidence.(参与者猜测哪个词是他们熟悉的，然后评估他们的信心)”和最后一段的“In both groups, these measures improved participants’ performance on the syllable task when they were unsure about their answers, indicating unconscious analysis of speech.(在两组中，当参与者对自己的答案不确定时，这些测试都提高了他们在音节测试中的表现，这表明他们对语音进行了无意识的分析)”可知，与没有接受磁脉冲的参与者相比，接受磁脉冲的参与者在音节任务中发现了更熟悉的组合。故选B。
【65题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“That’s really good in science because you’ve got evidences pointing to the same direction(这在科学上真的很好，因为你有证据指向同一个方向)”可知，从Michael Ullman的话中可以推断出这两项研究的结果相互印证。故选C。
【66题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Children often learn new languages more easily than adults do, but it’s unclear why. Some theorize that grasping a language requires absorbing subtle patterns unconsciously and that adults’ superior conscious reasoning is to blame. New research suggests that, indeed, grown-ups might just be too smart for their own good.(儿童学习新语言通常比成年人更容易，但原因尚不清楚。一些理论认为，掌握一门语言需要无意识地吸收微妙的模式，成年人学新语言不容易该怪成年人超强的有意识推理能力。一项新的研究表明，事实上，成年人可能太聪明了，这对他们自己没有好处)”可知，研究团队会同意的理论是减少推理可能有助于学习一门语言。故选D。
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Touching Emoji(表情符号)
Distancing amid the COVID-19 pandemic has made both physical and social connections a touch more difficult to maintain. For Stanford University graduate student Millie Salvato, being apart from her mother on the opposite coast has proved challenging.
____67____ In a new study, she and her colleagues demonstrated a wearable sleeve that can simulate (模拟) human touch and convey abstract social messages sent electronically. Salvato and her team measured how 37 participants expressed social information in different situations. In each test, one person wore a pressure-sensing device on an arm, and another touched it to respond to situations involving six intended meanings: attention seeking, gratitude, happiness, calming, love and sadness
After collecting 661 touch movements-squeezes, strokes, shakes, pokes, and the like-Salvato and her colleagues mapped the location and pressure of each. ____68____ Finally, they programmed a wearable sleeve to simulate these movements using eight embedded disks that shake when electronically signaled.
“It doesn’t feel like an actual human hand ... but it doesn’t feel like these separate motions either,” Salvato says, as one might expect from large moving disks. “It feels nice, honestly.” ____69____ For comparison, a previous study from Gerling’s laboratory found participants could match situations for touches from real human hands 57 percent of the time.
In the new study, “I think it’s interesting that participants can reliably understand what touch has been delivered to them at a pretty high rate, given the scarce amount of information that they have available to them,” Gerling says.
Previous research has found that social touch is important for physical and mental health. ____70____
A. One can’t help but wonder when new tech will convey emotion through a virtual touch.
B. Even with no training, 30 new study participants correctly matched the simulated touches to the six situations 45 percent of the time.
C. Sometimes a text or video call is not enough, and people in Salvato’s situation often long for a way to send a loving touch or comforting squeeze from afar.
D. In the future, instead of just sending a