2022-2023学年江苏省高三上学期百校大联考（月考）英语试卷含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省高三上学期百校大联考（月考）英语试卷含解析，共29页。

 2023届高三年级大联考
英语
注意事项：
考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题纸卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where will the woman go first?
A. To the underground station.
B. To the restaurant.
C. To the hospital.
2. What does the woman want to do?
A. Borrow the computer game.
B. Return the computer game later
C. Invite the man to play the computer game.
3. What did the man dislike about the film?
A. The story. B. The music. C. The picture.
4. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Who should clean the room.
B. When they will clean the room.
C. How they should clean the room.
5. Why did the man leave Pennsylvania?
A. The town was too small.
B. He had problems with the language.
C. He had to teach Spanish in New Jersey.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What relation is the woman to the man?
A. His doctor. B. His mother. C. His P.E. teacher.
7. What does the woman advise the man to do?
A. Take regular tests. B. Join a health club. C. Get lots of fresh air.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. How does the woman often get to work?
A. By car. B. By bike. C. By bus.
9. What does the woman think of the man’s idea?
A. Reasonable. B. Unacceptable. C. Useful.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10 Why do the speakers make an appointment?
A. To review their presentation.
B. To study for a paper together.
C. To prepare materials for a class presentation.
11. What will the man do before he meets the woman?
A. Print out the paper
B. Get the books from the library.
C. Collect information on the Internet.
12. When will the speakers meet?
A. On Monday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where is the boy now?
A. At school. B. At home. C. At a pizza house.
14. Why does the woman make the phone call?
A. To remind the boy of his basketball practice.
B. To ask the boy to order some pizzas.
C. To leave a message.
15. What is the woman’s new mobile number?
A. 85659772. B. 84658722. C. 84659772.
16. When will the boy’s father pick him up?
A. At 5:30 p.m. B. At 3:30 p.m. C. At 2:00 p.m.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What will happen at Sam’s Disco tonight?
A It will be open longer.
B. It will be half price all night.
C. It will have a big birthday party there.
18. Where will the football match be held?
A. In Henry’s College. B. In the Sports Center. C. In South Park.
19. What will the footballers do after the match?
A Attend a party. B. Have a picnic. C. Enjoy a concert.
20. When will everybody arrive at Thornton Forest?
A. At about 12:20 p.m.
B. At about 12:30 p.m.
C. At about 12:50 p.m.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Best Summer Jobs for High School Students
Working during the summer when school is out of session is a great opportunity for teenagers to make money and gain valuable workplace experience.
Restaurant Server
Food and drink service jobs are plentiful. Although average base pay is poor, workers who carts tips can do well for themselves. And some national chains have the resources to pay more Starbucks employees can earn about $12 per how on average, and may qualify for a benefits package that includes health insurance.
Grocery Store Worker
Grocery store jobs are also relatively plentiful. Although most grocery employees don’t earn tips, base pay is generally above the federal minimum wage—about $12 per hour. Jobs that require workers to operate heavy machinery are inaccessible to workers under age 18. Grocery store employees typically work in shifts, with part-timers polling four to eight hours at a stretch. Peak shopping hours tend to fall on weekends and early evenings.
Tutor
If you’ve already taken and done well on standardized tests like the SAT or ACT, you can help these students and earn decent pay as a tutor. Tutor pay varies by specialty, experience, and educational attainment. Tutors who themselves are high school students or recent graduates aren’t likely to earn much more than the national average rate of S18 per hour.
Career-Track Intern(实习)
Even if you haven’t yet decided what you want your “rear” career to be, high school summers offer the perfect opportunity to test a job you think you’ll like. Summer internships are often unpaid, forcing students to consider whether the opportunity is worth the cost. That’s likely to come down to the value of the experience and the connections that could land you a higher-paying, career-track job down the road.
1. What is the feature of grocery store jobs?
A. No employees get tips.
B. They are tough to obtain.
C. They are for people aged
D. The employees do shift work.
2. What is special about Career-Track Intern?
A. It’s often done without payment.
B. It is worth the big expense.
C. It guarantees you a good career.
D. It provides you with experience.
3. Which job favors an academically excellent student?
A. Restaurant Server. B. Grocery Store Worker.
C. Career-Track Intern. D. Tutor.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四份最适合高中生的暑期工作。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Grocery Store Worker中的“Grocery store employees typically work in shifts, with part-timers polling four to eight hours at a stretch. (杂货店的员工通常是轮班工作的，兼职的人每天工作4到8个小时。)”可知，杂货店工作的特点是员工轮班工作。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Career-Track Intern(实习)中的“Summer internships are often unpaid, forcing students to consider whether the opportunity is worth the cost. (暑期实习通常是无薪的，这迫使学生们考虑这个机会是否值得付出这样的代价。)”可知，职业展望实习生特别之处在于通常是无偿的。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tutor中的“If you’ve already taken and done well on standardized tests like the SAT or ACT, you can help these students and earn decent pay as a tutor. (如果你已经参加了像SAT或ACT这样的标准化考试并取得了良好的成绩，你就可以帮助这些学生，并作为家教获得体面的报酬。)”可知，家庭教师这份工作偏爱学习成绩优异的学生。故选D。
B
Heroes Monica and Bryan Davies had only just trained as couriers (递送员) for the charity Anthony Nolan when the coronavirus broke out. But they were determined to volunteer to deliver stem cells to cancer patients, inspired by their daughter Helen’s brave battle with her illness and meeting the selfless stem cell donor who came to her rescue.
Monica, 67, said: “I couldn’t bear the thought that other families standing by a hospital bed, being told the transplant couldn’t go ahead because the stem cells couldn’t get through.”
Helen was diagnosed (诊断) with Hodgkins Lymphoma in 2010. The diagnosis was all the more terrifying as a close family friend had lost their teenage son to the disease a decade earlier, but at first the doctors comforted Helen and said she was likely to make a full recovery.
The doctors said Helen’s age and fitness worked in her favour. They said she would have six months of treatment and she would be fine. But within months of finishing her treatment, Helen’s cough returned and scans revealed a shadow on her chest. Further investigations confirmed the cancer was back.
The doctors used up all treatments except a stem cell transplant from a donor. Thankfully a matching donor was found on the Anthony Nolan stem cell register and Helen had her transplant in March 2014. This time Helen made a good recovery. She wanted to contact her donor, but strict anonymity (匿名) rules prevent patients meeting their donor for two years after the transplant.
As soon as she was allowed, Helen made contact with her donor Ben Potts, from Kent. They quickly became friends and she invited him to her wedding in September 2016.
After that, Monica and Bryan decided to support Anthony Nolan and volunteered to become stem cell couriers when they retired and returned to England.
The couple made three deliveries a week at the peak of the pandemic. They’ve now covered 15,000 miles. Henny Braund, Anthony Nolan’s chief executive said: “Over the last year our volunteer couriers have showed just how committed they are to giving people with blood cancer a second chance of life.”
4. What inspired the couple to volunteer to deliver stem cells?
A. The pains of cancer patients. B. Their daughter’s experience.
C. The outbreak of coronavirus. D. The donors’ selfless devotion.
5. What was the doctors’ initial feeling about Helen’s condition?
A. Confident. B. Terrified. C. Desperate. D. Embarrassed.
6. Why couldn’t Helen meet her donor at first?
A. She did not make a full recovery.
B. The donor refused to be contacted.
C. They arranged a later time to meet.
D. She had no idea who saved her life.
7. What is the text mainly about?
A. A charitable organization.
B. A girl fighting against cancer.
C. A couple delivering stem cells.
D. A successful stem cell transplant.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为记叙文，主要讲述了英雄莫妮卡和布莱恩·戴维斯因为他们的女儿海伦勇敢地与病魔斗争，并遇到了无私的干细胞捐献者来拯救她，所以他们志愿为癌症患者派送干细胞。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“But they were determined to volunteer to deliver stem cells to cancer patients, inspired by their daughter Helen’s brave battle with her illness and meeting the selfless stem cell donor who came to her rescue（但是，他们决心志愿为癌症患者派送干细胞，这是因为他们的女儿海伦勇敢地与病魔斗争，并遇到了无私的干细胞捐献者来拯救她。）”可知，是女儿的经历让他们决心志愿为癌症患者提供干细胞，故选B项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。结合第四自然段第一句“The doctors said Helen’s age and fitness worked in her favour. They said she would have six months of treatment and she would be fine（医生说海伦的年龄和身体状况对她有利。他们说她会接受六个月的治疗，她会没事的。）”可知，起初医生认为Helen的病可以治愈，故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。结合第五段最后一句“She wanted to contact her donor, but strict anonymity (匿名) rules prevent patients meeting their donor for two years after the transplant.（她想联系她的捐赠者，但严格的匿名规则阻止患者在移植后两年内与捐赠者见面。）”可知，起初，因为匿名规则的原因，女孩不知道捐赠者是谁，所以不能与捐赠者见面，故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。结合第一段“Heroes Monica and Bryan Davies had only just trained as couriers (递送员) for the charity Anthony Nolan when the coronavirus broke out（新冠病毒爆发时，英雄莫妮卡和布莱恩·戴维斯刚刚接受慈善机构安东尼·诺兰的快递员培训。）”和最后一段“The couple made three deliveries a week at the peak of the pandemic（这对夫妇在大流行高峰期每周派送三次）”可知，全文在讲述志愿派送干细胞的一对夫妻，故选C项。
C
To communicate with others, we, the people, have different languages. But what about other animals and plants? Well, according to a scientist, plants talk to each other using language.
Jim Westwood, a Virginia Tech scientist, made this discovery by looking at the interactions between a parasitic (寄生的) plant called a dodder and two types of host plants, a small flowering plant and a tomato plant. Dodders use a root—like part to enter their host plants and feed on their nutrients.
In previous studies, Westwood had discovered that during this interaction, RNA molecules (分子), which play a crucial role in translating information passed down from DNA, were being passed between the two species.
And recently, Westwood looked into the possibility that a special type of RNA molecules, mRNA or Messenger RNA, were also being exchanged between the parasitic and host plants, mRNA molecules send messages within cells, instructing them on which actions to take and when. Through this exchange, the parasitic plant may be instructing its host to lower its defenses so that the parasitic plant can more easily attack it.
Besides giving us a much deeper insight into the behaviour of plants, this information could help scientists come up with better solutions to fight the parasitic weeds that threaten food crops. Parasitic plants are serious problems for crops that help feed some of the poorest regions in Africa and elsewhere. In addition, it has exciting implications for the design of novel control strategies based on interrupting the mRNA information that the parasite (寄生虫) uses to reprogram the host.
“The beauty of this discovery is that this mRNA could be the Achilles’ heel for parasites,” Westwood said. “This is all really exciting because there are so many potential implications surrounding this new information. Now that we have found that they are sharing all this information, the next question is, ‘What exactly are they telling each other?’.”
8. What’s Westwood’s new discovery?
A. RNA can translate DNA information.
B. Parasite plants can control their hosts.
C. Plants can use language to communicate.
D. Plants can talk to each other via the roots.
9. What can we learn about mRNA molecules?
A. They issue instructions to the plants.
B. They translate information from RNA.
C. They defend the plants against attacks.
D. They are exchanged between the plants.
10. In what aspect could Westwood’s findings help?
A. Solve the issues of food shortage.
B. Build the host-parasite relationship.
C. Identify the genes of the host plants.
D. Study the connection between plants.
11. What does the underlined part in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. A big deal. B. A weak point.
C. An opportunity. D. An achievement.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了弗吉尼亚理工大学的科学家吉姆·韦斯特伍德通过观察一种叫做菟丝子的寄生植物与两种寄主植物（一种小型开花植物和一种番茄植物）之间的相互作用，得出植物之间相互交流这一发现。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Well, according to a scientist, plants talk to each other using language. (根据一位科学家的说法，植物之间用语言交流。)”可知，Westwood的新发现是植物可以用语言进行交流。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“And recently, Westwood looked into the possibility that a special type of RNA molecules, mRNA or Messenger RNA, were also being exchanged between the parasitic and host plants, mRNA molecules send messages within cells, instructing them on which actions to take and when. (最近，韦斯特伍德研究了一种特殊类型的RNA分子，信使RNA，也在寄生植物和寄主植物之间交换的可能性，信使RNA分子在细胞内发送信息，指示它们何时采取何种行动。)”可知，信使RNA分子向植物发出指令。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Besides giving us a much deeper insight into the behaviour of plants, this information could help scientists come up with better solutions to fight the parasitic weeds that threaten food crops. Parasitic plants are serious problems for crops that help feed some of the poorest regions in Africa and elsewhere. (除了让我们对植物的行为有更深入的了解外，这些信息还可以帮助科学家想出更好的办法来对付威胁粮食作物的寄生杂草。寄生植物对帮助非洲和其他一些最贫穷地区的作物来说是一个严重的问题。)”可推知，Westwood的发现有助于解决粮食短缺问题。故选A。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“In addition, it has exciting implications for the design of novel control strategies based on interrupting the mRNA information that the parasite (寄生虫) uses to reprogram the host. (此外，它对基于中断寄生虫用来重新编程宿主的mRNA信息的新控制策略的设计具有令人兴奋的意义。)”可知，这一发现的美妙之处在于，这种mRNA可能是寄生虫的致命弱点。由此可推知，the Achilles’ heel意为“弱点”。故选B。
D
The space community is taking the orbital debris (碎片) threat increasingly seriously these days. Multiple satellite “mega-constellations (巨型星座)” are in the works, making space traffic management and space-junk removal more pressing issues than they’ve ever been.
For instance, SpaceX has already launched more than 1,700 satellites for its Starlink broadband constellation. The company ultimately wants to launch around 30,000Starlink satellites into orbit. One Web has launched more than half of the satellites for its planned 648-member constellation, which may also grow beyond that initial number as time goes on.
In addition, satellite construction costs continue to fall, allowing more and more people to get satellites up and operate them—including folks with very little experience in the field. This opening of the final frontier is generally a good thing, but it further highlights the need for responsible action when it comes to satellite operation. In 2019, for example, the Space Safety Coalition (SSC) laid out a set of proposed voluntary guidelines designed to control space junk over the coming years.
One recommendation is that all satellites operating above 250 miles be equipped with propulsion(推进) systems, allowing them to get away from possible collisions (碰撞). The SSC also recommends operators who control satellites in low Earth orbit should include in their launch contracts a requirement that rocket upper stages should be got rid of in the atmosphere shortly after liftoff.
More active debris-fighting strategies could also be part of the solution. Removing just a handful of rocket bodies or dead satellites every year could help us keep our space-junk problem under control, according to some studies. And researchers around the world are developing and testing ways to do just that, using nets, harpoons(鱼叉) and other methods.
The space-junk issue is a global one, so governments around the world should have conversations about how to deal with it. Let’s hope the talks, the decisions and the tech end up outpacing the problem.
12. What do the two examples in Paragraph 2 illustrate?
A. Orbital debris ensure satellite safety.
B. Constellations consist of many satellites.
C. Space is becoming increasingly crowded.
D SpaceX has higher capacity to explore space.
13. Why can more people send satellites into orbit?
A. Experience in this area is rich.
B. Satellites are cheaper to make.
C. Satellite operations require little skills.
D. Space is accessible to common people.
14. What is an effective way to control space junk?
A. Remove dead satellites from orbit.
B. Cooperate in monitoring satellites.
C. Operate satellites at a fixed height.
D. Recycle a rocket shortly after liftoff.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Space junk cleanup
B. The risks of space junk
C. Space debris and satellites
D. Guidelines for space safety
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲的是太空垃圾越来越多，空间越来越拥挤以及造成这个问题的原因和解决方案。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The space community is taking the orbital debris (碎片) threat increasingly seriously these days. Multiple satellite “mega-constellations (巨型星座)” are in the works, making space traffic management and space-junk removal more pressing issues than they’ve ever been.( 最近，太空界越来越重视轨道碎片的威胁。多个卫星“巨型星座”正在建造中，这使得太空交通管理和太空垃圾清除问题比以往任何时候都更加紧迫。)”和下文的“For instance”可知是通过这两个例子说明太空空间越来越拥挤，故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In addition, satellite construction costs continue to fall, allowing more and more people to get satellites up and operate them—including folks with very little experience in the field.(此外，卫星建造成本持续下降，这使得越来越多的人能够安装和操作卫星——包括那些在这一领域缺乏经验的人。) ”可知，更多的人可以将卫星送入轨道是因为制造卫星更便宜，故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“More active debris-fighting strategies could also be part of the solution. Removing just a handful of rocket bodies or dead satellites every year could help us keep our space-junk problem under control, according to some studies.(更积极的碎片处理策略也可能是解决方案的一部分。一些研究表明，每年只移除少量火箭体或报废卫星就能帮助我们控制太空垃圾问题。) ”可知，控制太空垃圾的有效方法是将报废卫星从轨道上移除。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The space community is taking the orbital debris (碎片) threat increasingly seriously these days. Multiple satellite “mega-constellations (巨型星座)” are in the works, making space traffic management and space-junk removal more pressing issues than they’ve ever been.( 最近，太空界越来越重视轨道碎片的威胁。多个卫星“巨型星座”正在建造中，这使得太空交通管理和太空垃圾清除问题比以往任何时候都更加紧迫。)”可知，文章主要介绍太空垃圾越来越多，空间越来越拥挤以及造成这个问题的原因和解决方案。所以A选项“太空垃圾清理”符合文章主旨，适合做标题，故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Good health can be defined as physical, mental, and social wellbeing, and as a resource for living a full life. But maintaining good health doesn’t happen by accident. ____16____
Studies have found that inflammation (炎症) can damage tissue, joints, artery walls, and organs. A healthy diet is rich in fiber, whole grains, fresh fruits and vegetables, good or unsaturated fats, and omega-3 fatty acids. ____17____ The Mediterranean diet meets all of the criteria for good health, and there is convincing evidence that it is effective at warding off heart attack, stroke, and premature death.
Physical activity is also necessary for good health. There are many benefits to exercising regularly. These include a lower risk of diseases like cancer and diabetes, improved physical function, and a higher quality of life. ____18____ For example, pregnant women who engage in routine physical activity are less likely to gain a large amount of weight or experience depression after giving birth, elderly people who exercise are at lower risk of being injured during a fall.
Stress can have both direct and indirect effects that undermine physical health and body. Finding ways to reduce stress is another strategy that can help you stay healthy, given the connection between stress and a variety of disorders. ____19____ Try meditation, mindfulness, yoga, playing on weekends, and taking vacations.
____20____ If something happens to your health, a physician you know—and who knows you—is in the best position to help. He or she knows how to deal with everything from helping you through a bout with the flu to back pain and digestion issues, to uncovering serious illnesses like cancer and heart disease.
A. There are many ways to relieve stress.
B. Exercising can also benefit certain groups.
C. Aim for 150 minutes of exercise every week.
D. Have consultations with famous and reliable doctors.
E. These dietary components can turn down inflammation.
F. Establish a good relationship with a primary care physician.
G. It requires work, smart lifestyle choices, and regular checkups.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了保持健康的方法。
【16题详解】
由上文“But maintaining good health doesn’t happen by accident. (但保持健康并非偶然)”和下文第二段“The Mediterranean diet meets all of the criteria for good health, and there is convincing evidence that it is effective at warding off heart attack, stroke, and premature death. (地中海饮食符合健康的所有标准，有令人信服的证据表明，地中海饮食能有效预防心脏病发作、中风和过早死亡)”，第三段“Physical activity is also necessary for good health. (身体活动对健康也是必要的)”，第四段“Finding ways to reduce stress is another strategy that can help you stay healthy, given the connection between stress and a variety of disorders. (考虑到压力和各种疾病之间的联系，寻找减轻压力的方法是另一种可以帮助你保持健康的策略)”和最后一段“If something happens to your health, a physician you know—and who knows you—is in the best position to help. (如果你的健康出现问题，请你认识的医生为您提供最佳帮助)”可知，保持健康不是随意为之，需要在生活方式（饮食和减轻压力）、锻炼和看医生方面下功夫，G选项“它需要锻炼、明智的生活方式选择和定期检查。”切题，引出下文讲保持健康的具体方法。故选G项。
【17题详解】
E选项“这些饮食成分可以减少炎症。”承接上文“Studies have found that inflammation (炎症) can damage tissue, joints, artery walls, and organs. A healthy diet is rich in fiber, whole grains, fresh fruits and vegetables, good or unsaturated fats, and omega-3 fatty acids. (研究发现，炎症会损伤组织、关节、动脉壁和器官。健康的饮食富含纤维、全谷物、新鲜水果和蔬菜、优质或不饱和脂肪以及欧米伽-3脂肪酸)”讲健康饮食成分带来的好处——减少炎症。故选E项。
【18题详解】
由上文“Physical activity is also necessary for good health. There are many benefits to exercising regularly. These include a lower risk of diseases like cancer and diabetes, improved physical function, and a higher quality of life. (身体活动对健康也是必要的。经常锻炼有很多好处。这包括降低患癌症和糖尿病等疾病的风险，改善身体机能，提高生活质量)”可知锻炼有好处，B选项“锻炼对某些群体也有好处。”承接上文，也提出观点，引出下文“For example, pregnant women who engage in routine physical activity are less likely to gain a large amount of weight or experience depression after giving birth, elderly people who exercise are at lower risk of being injured during a fall. (例如，从事日常体育活动的孕妇在分娩后体重增加或抑郁的可能性较小，而锻炼身体的老年人在跌倒时受伤的风险较低)”具体举例说明锻炼对哪些群体有好处。故选B项。
【19题详解】
由上文“Finding ways to reduce stress is another strategy that can help you stay healthy, given the connection between stress and a variety of disorders. (考虑到压力和各种疾病之间的联系，寻找减轻压力的方法是另一种可以帮助你保持健康的策略)”和下文“Try meditation, mindfulness, yoga, playing on weekends, and taking vacations. (尝试冥想、正念、瑜伽、周末玩耍和度假)”可知，承接上下文，A选项“有很多方法可以缓解压力。”切题，讲减压的方法。故选A项。
【20题详解】
由下文“If something happens to your health, a physician you know—and who knows you—is in the best position to help. He or she knows how to deal with everything from helping you through a bout with the flu to back pain and digestion issues, to uncovering serious illnesses like cancer and heart disease. (如果你的健康出现问题，请你认识的医生为您提供最佳帮助。他或她知道如何处理一切，从帮助你度过流感、背痛和消化问题，到发现癌症和心脏病等严重疾病)”可知，下文所讲的医生应该是初级保健医生，可得出作者建议读者有问题就联系初级保健医生，承接下文，F选项“与初级保健医生建立良好的关系。”可总起该段。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
80-year-old Joao is a great Brazilian classical pianist. At the age of 8, he had already won a contest ____21____ Bach. He could play 21 notes per second at the ____22____ of his skills.
However, fortune wasn’t ____23____ to Joao. At 24 years old, he suffered an accident that ____24____ the nerves in three of his fingers. And at 55, he was struck in the head, leaving him with brain injuries that completely paralyzed (使瘫痪) his ____25____.
He had to abandon the piano, since he could ____26____ use his fingers. But paralyzed hands weren’t enough to make him ____27____ his musical career. Joao became a(n) ____28____ in 2003. He couldn’t turn the pages in the score or even swing the stick, so instead, he just committed every score to ____29____, note by note—almost 5,000 score pages.
Luckily, an engineer who saw him playing live decided to _____30_____ something to help him. After a concert, he _____31_____ Joao with the first model of a pair of special artificial gloves.
After _____32_____ several models, the perfect match was created. The gloves provide the necessary _____33_____ for each finger and can even “tune” to what he plays. After more than 20 years, João could finally _____34_____ with his piano.
João knows that he might never recover his _____35_____ of the past. But he’s starting over, and he will keep pushing.
21. A. adapting B. reciting C. playing D. writing
22. A. mercy B. option C. drop D. peak
23. A. kind B. equal C. mean D. familiar
24. A. repaired B. damaged C. sustained D. touched
25. A. legs B. arms C. face D. chest
26. A. totally B. simply C. barely D. freely
27. A. pursue B. choose C. start D. quit
28. A. conductor B. director C. assistant D. operator
29. A. memory B. display C. paper D. trial
30. A. detect B. promote C. purchase D. invent
31. A. restricted B. approached C. directed D. released
32. A. showing off B. giving away C. setting up D. testing out
33. A. support B. guidance C. attention D. assignment
34. A. compare B. age C. reunite D. start
35. A. health B. speed C. vision D. strength
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一位伟大的巴西古典钢琴家Joao的个人经历。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：8岁时，他已经赢得了演奏巴赫的比赛。A. adapting使适应；B. reciting背诵；C. playing演奏；D. writing写。根据上文“80-year-old Joao is a great Brazilian classical pianist.”可知他在8岁时演奏Bach时获得了奖项，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他技术的巅峰时期，他可以每秒演奏21个音符。A. mercy怜悯；B. option选择；C. drop落差；D. peak最高点，尖端。根据上文“He could play 21 notes per second”可知一定是在他技术达到顶峰的时刻，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，命运并没有眷顾Joao。A. kind友好的；B. equal平等的；C. mean刻薄的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据下文“At 24 years old, he suffered an accident”可知命运对他并不友好，他遭遇了车祸，损伤了手指，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。 句意：24岁时，他遭遇了一场事故，损伤了他三个手指的神经。A. repaired修理；B. damaged损伤；C. sustained支撑；D. touched接触。根据上文“At 24 years old, he suffered an accident”可知出了事故，应该是损伤了手指的神经，故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。 句意：55岁时，他被击中头部，脑部受伤，手臂完全瘫痪。A. legs腿；B. arms手臂；C. face脸；D. chest胸部。根据下文“But paralyzed hands weren’t enough”可知应是手臂瘫痪了，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。 句意：他不得不放弃钢琴，因为他几乎不能使用手指。A. totally完全；B. simply仅仅；C. barely几乎不；D. freely自由地。根据上文“At 24 years old, he suffered an accident that ____4____ the nerves in three of his fingers.”和“And at 55, he was struck in the head, leaving him with brain injuries that completely paralyzed (使瘫痪) his 　　　　　　　　5　.”可知他手指损伤，加上瘫痪，所以是几乎不能使用手指，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但瘫痪的双手并不足以让他放弃音乐事业。A. pursue追求；B. choose选择；C. start开始；D. quit放弃。根据下文“Joao became a(n) ____8____ in 2003.”可知他并没有放弃音乐事业。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Joao于2003年成为一名指挥。A. conductor指挥；B. director导演；C. assistant助理；D. operator操作员。根据下文“swing the stick”可知是指挥，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不能翻动乐谱，甚至不能挥动乐谱杆，所以他只能一个音符一个音符地把乐谱记在脑子里——差不多有5000页乐谱。A. memory记忆；B. display展览；C. paper纸；D. trial试验。根据上文“He couldn’t turn the pages in the score or even swing the stick”可知他只有依靠没有受伤的地方，也就是大脑，去记忆，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，一位工程师看到了他的现场表演，决定发明一些东西来帮助他。A. detect查明；B. promote促进；C. purchase采购；D. invent发明。根据下文“After ____12____ several models, the perfect match was created.”可知是发明帮助他的东西，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 一场音乐会结束后，他拿着第一副特殊人造手套的模型走近Joao。A. restricted限制；B. approached走近；C. directed指导；D. released释放。根据下文“with the first model of a pair of special artificial gloves.”要给他发明的手套，所以应该是走近他，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在测试了几个模型后，完美的匹配就产生了。A. showing off炫耀；B. giving away赠送；C. setting up建立；D. testing out测试。根据下文“the perfect match was created.”可知是经过几次模型的测试，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种手套为每根手指提供了必要的支撑，甚至还可以“调试”他演奏的音乐。A. support支撑；B. guidance指导；C. attention注意；D. assignment任务。根据下文“for each finger and can even “tune” to what he plays”可知是给每个手指提供支撑，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：20多年后，Joao终于可以和他的钢琴重聚了。A. compare比较；B. age使变老；C. reunite使重聚；D. start开始。根据上文“The gloves provide the necessary ____13____ for each finger and can even “tune” to what he plays.”可知他又可以弹钢琴了，所以是重聚，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Joao知道他可能永远无法恢复过去的速度。A. health健康；B. speed速度；C. vision视力；D. strength力量。根据前文“He could play 21 notes per second at the ____2____ of his skills.”可知是无法恢复到过去弹琴的速度，但是他会一直努力，故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Although picture quality ____36____ (improve) greatly with the development of flat-screen televisions, sound has taken a dive. The problem is that televisions with slimmed-down screens have insufficient room for decent speakers to be fitted to them, either at the back ____37____ in the frame (框). Such televisions are usually connected to ____38____ external sound system, such as a sound bar or a home-cinema system, ____39____ (make) their audio quality better.
The loudspeakers of early televisions were as big as the screen, but engineers have got good at making speakers smaller and putting them into ____40____ (tight) spaces. Sony is the first company to develop ____41____ it calls Acoustic Surface.
Unlike ____42____ (tradition) ones, this screen gives off the light directly. This means it is able to vibrate (振动) more ____43____ (flexible). This vibration is invisible to the viewer and does not affect picture quality. One beneficial consequence is that a program’s music ____44____ (broadcast) directly at the viewer instead of from the side. It is also possible to create stereo (立体的) effects by ____45____ (move) the sound’s point of origin across the screen.
【答案】36. has improved 37. or 38. an
39. to make
40. tighter
41. what 42. traditional
43. flexibly
44. is broadcast##is broadcasted
45. moving
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍索尼公司一款用屏幕作为扬声器的电视。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：尽管随着平板电视的发展，画面质量有了很大的提高，但声音却下降了。空处为状语从句的谓语动词，结合语境和主句谓语动词has taken判断为现在完成时，improve一般用主动形式表被动意义，主语quality不可数，助动词用has。故填has improved。
【37题详解】
考查连词。句意：问题是，屏幕变薄的电视没有足够的空间安装像样的扬声器，无论是在背面还是在边框。结合句意表达“要么……要么……”用either...or...。故填or。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这种电视通常连接到外部声音系统，例如声音酒吧或家庭影院系统，以使其音频质量更好。system“系统”是可数名词，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且external的发音是元音音素开头，故填an。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。句子谓语动词是are connected to，且无连词，故空处为非谓语动词；结合句意表示目的用不定式。故填to make。
【40题详解】
考查比较级。句意：早期电视的扬声器和屏幕一样大，但工程师们已经很擅长将扬声器变小，并将其放入更紧凑的空间。结合上文smaller可知，此处是指更紧凑的空间，应用比较级tighter修饰名词spaces。故填tighter。
【41题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：索尼是第一家开发“声学表面”的公司。空处引导宾语从句，从句谓语动词calls后缺少间接宾语，指代事物，应用连接代词what。故填what。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：不像传统的屏幕，这个屏幕直接发光。修饰ones应用所给词的形容词形式，故填traditional。
43题详解】
考查副词。句意：这意味着它能够更灵活地振动。修饰动词vibrate应用所给词的副词形式。故填flexibly。
【44题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：一个有益的结果是，节目的音乐直接向观众而不是从侧面播放。空处为表语从句的谓语动词，陈述客观事实，且主语music和broadcast是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数，故填is broadcast/broadcasted。
【45题详解】
考查动名词。句意：它也可以通过移动声音的原点在屏幕上产生立体声效果。介词by后应用move的动名词形式作宾语。故填moving。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Stay safe on the road为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1.现状；
2.提出建议；
3.发起呼吁。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式写字答题卡的相应位置作答。
Stay safe on the road
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Stay safe on the road
Good morning everyone,
As we all know, there are more and more injuries and deaths caused by traffic accidents nowadays. So how do we stay safe on the roads?
First of all, we should strictly obey the traffic regulations. Second, in order not to get distracted, don’t look at our phones while driving or walking. Finally, we must be brave enough to stop road violations.
Ensuring road safety requires joint efforts. Let’s take action right now.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生以Stay safe on the road为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：交通安全现状、提出建议并发起呼吁。
【详解】1.词汇积累
遵守：obey→abide by
交通规则：traffic regulations→traffic rules
需要：require→need
行动起来：take action→go into action
2.句型拓展
同义句转换
原句：As we all know, there are more and more injuries and deaths caused by traffic accidents nowadays.
拓展句：It is known to all that there are more and more injuries and deaths caused by traffic accidents nowadays.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Second, in order not to get distracted, don’t look at our phones while driving or walking. （运用了不定式短语作目的状语以及状语从句的省略）
[高分句型2]As we all know, there are more and more injuries and deaths caused by traffic accidents nowadays.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mason followed his mother to the market as usual. It was a thing he enjoyed because the market was such an exciting place. There was always something interesting to see.
That day, Mason caught sight of a middle-aged man with untidy hair and old clothes. He was a beggar. He held out a wooden bowl and passers-by dropped in coins. Mason’s mother put a small coin into the bowl as she passed him by. His eyes followed the mother and son as they set off for home.
As Mason and his mother turned into the narrow path that led to their house, he suddenly realized that the beggar was following them. Mason told his mother about it. Alarmed, she quickened her steps and as soon as they got inside their house, she locked it. Mason peered out the window and saw the beggar sitting on the ground near the gate. Why did the beggar follow them? Mason wished he knew.
After a couple of hours, Mason’s mother became concerned for the poor beggar. He had not moved from his spot. She gathered up her courage and went to ask the beggar to leave. But the beggar merely looked at her with a gentle smile. Worried that he would fall ill with no food and water, she sent Mason to give him a bowl of rice and vegetables and some tea. The beggar ate and drank. Then he lay down under a tree to sleep.
Mason’s mother was at a loss as to what else to do. She was just a poor woman with a young son. Since the beggar refused to leave, she and Mason built a little shelter for him. He seemed content with whatever they gave him.
A week passed and one day, Mason found the beggar gone. Mason and his mother searched for him but he was nowhere to be found. They didn’t know what had happened to him.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Two days later, a car stopped outside Mason’s house and a well-dressed man got out.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The rich man who had pretended to be the beggar took out a large sum of money.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Two days later, a car stopped outside Mason’s house and a well-dressed man got out. He introduced himself as the lawyer representing Mr. Cheong. He explained that Mr. Cheong wanted to repay Mason and his mother for taking care of him. Mr. Cheong was a millionare who had been once homeless. Now that he was rich, he liked to look for deserving people to help. When he, making himself a beggar, met someone who was kind to him, he would give that person a sum of money. And then, the beggar appeared.
Paragraph 2:
The rich man who had pretended to be the beggar took out a large sum of money. He wanted to give Mason and his mother the money because they had been kind to him. Mason and his mother couldn’t believe their good fortune. They treated the beggar well out of sympathy. They never expected to be so richly rewarded. How could they use the sum of money Mr. Cheong gave? “Granny can be saved from her serious illness…”“Mason, you can go to college in time!” Mason and his mother both cried, smiling.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一对母子在去市场的路上施舍了一个头发蓬乱、衣着破旧的乞丐，他们回家时却被乞丐尾随。母亲回到家又施舍给他一些食物和水，乞丐躺在母子俩家门口的树下睡觉。由于乞丐拒绝离开，母子为他建立了一个小住所。乞丐对于他们给予的任何东西都很满意。一周之后，乞丐不见了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“两天后，一辆汽车停在梅森的房子外面，一个穿着体面的男人走了下来。”可知，第一段可描写律师找到他们并解释说那个乞丐是一位曾经无家可归的百万富翁，而且他想报答梅森和他的母亲。
②由第二段首句内容“那个假装成乞丐的富人拿出了一大笔钱。”可知，第二段可描写那个“乞丐”想给梅森和他母亲一笔钱，因为他们之前对他很好，梅森和他的母亲不敢相信这个事实以及这笔钱会大大改善他们的生活。
2.续写线索：律师出现——解释乞丐的真实身份——获赠巨款——不敢相信——改变生活
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.照顾：take care of/look after
②.报答：repay /reward
③.相信：believe / have faith in
情绪类
①.友善的：kind / friendly/ amicable
②.慷慨地：richly / generously
【点睛】[高分句型1].
Mr. Cheong was a millionare who had been once homeless.(运用了关系代词who引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2].
Now that he was rich, he liked to look for deserving people to help.(now that引导原因状语从句)