第6讲 Unit 6 When was it invented？拔尖版 教案

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第六讲 Unit 6 When was it invented ?拔尖版
单元目标总览：
单元话题
发 明（Invention）
重点单词
1、heel n. 鞋跟；足跟
2、electricity n. 电；电能
3、scoop n. 勺；铲子
4、style n. 样式；款式
5、project n. 项目；工程
6、pleasure n. 高兴；愉快
7、zipper n. (= zip) 拉链；拉锁
8、daily adj. 每日的；日常的
9、website n. 网站
10、pioneer n.先锋；先驱
11、list v. 列表；列清单n. 名单；清单
12、mention v. 提到；说到
13、nearly adv. 几乎；差不多
14、boil v. 煮沸；烧开
15、smell n. 气味v. 发出⋯⋯气味；闻到
16、saint n. 圣人；圣徒
17、doubt n. 疑惑；疑问 v. 怀疑
18、fridge n. 冰箱
19、translate v. 翻译
20、lock v. 锁上；锁住
21、earthquake n. 地震
22、sudden adj. 突然（的）
23、biscuit n. 饼干
24、cookie n. 曲奇饼
25、instrument n. 器械； 仪器；工具
26、crispy adj. 脆的；酥脆的
27、sour adj. 酸的；有酸味的
28、customer n. 顾客；客户
29、Canadian n/ adj. 加拿大的；加拿大人的 n. 加拿大人
30、divide v. 分开；分散
31、purpose n. 目的；目标
32、basket n. 篮；筐
33、the Olympics 奥林匹克运动会
34、hero n. 英雄；男主角
35、Berlin 柏林（德国城市）
36、NBA (National Basketball Association) 国家篮球协会 （美国职业篮球联赛）
37、CBA (China Basketball Association)中国篮球协会（中国职业篮球联赛）
常用短语
1.It's my pleasure.= My pleasure. 我的荣幸
2.seem+to+do 好像做某事
3.such a great invention 如此伟大的一项发明
4.think of = think about 想到，考虑
5.in our daily lives 在我们的日常生活中
6.in my daily life在我的日常生活中
7.have a point 有道理
8.by accident 偶然地，意外地
9.over an open fire 在篝火上
10.It is said that 据说
11.It is believed that人们相信
12.fall into(过去式fell into)=drop into掉进…
13.in the 19th century 在19世纪
14.spread to other countries 传播到其他国家
15.at a low price 以很低的价格
16.bring(brought) sth. to sp.把某物带到某处
17.all of a sudden 突然地
18.less than少于，不到
more than = over 超过
19.without doubt 毫无疑问
20.at that time 在那时
21.advise sb (not) to do sth建议某人(不要)做某事
22.start doing sth 开始做某事
23.work on sth 致力于某事
24.(be) similar to 与……相似
25.the Olympics 奥运会
26.by mistake 错误地，无意地
27.make a mistake 犯错
28.divide ...into…把…分成…
29.in the end = at last = finally 最后
30.at the same time 同时
31、take place 发生；出现
32、look up to 钦佩；仰慕
33、come up with想出
重点句型
1、When was the telephone invented? 电话是什么时候被发明的
I think it was invented in 1876. 我想是1876年
2、Who was it invented by? 它是被谁发明的？
It was invented by … 它被…发明
核心语法
一般过去时的被动语态
Section A 考点知识梳理

1、the style of the shoes鞋子的款式
（1）style名词，意为“样式；款式”。其常用短语in style意为“时髦的”，其反义短语为out of style,意为“过时的”
◆Her clothes are always in style.她的衣服总是很时髦。
（2）style作名词，还可意为“方式”
◆Our children need new learning styles.我们的孩子需要新的学习方式。
2、with pleasure!非常乐意。
Pleasure名词，意为“高兴；愉快”
◆He takes no pleasure in his work.他从工作中得不到丝毫的乐趣。
pleasure
名词，“高兴，愉快”，常用短语With pleasrue./my pleasur./It’s a pleasure.
pleased
形容词，“高兴的”短语be pleased to do sth乐于做某事;be pleased with对.....满意;句子的主语通常为人
pleasant
形容词，“令人愉快的”，可作定语，表语修饰物
◆-Thanks for helping me.谢谢你帮助了我。
-My pleasure.别客气。
◆I am pleased with the painting.我对这幅画很满意。
◆Wish you a pleasant journey.祝你旅途愉快。
3、well, you do seem to have a point .......看来你说的确实有道理。
have a point固定短语，“有道理”。
◆You have a point -it would be better to wait till tomorrow.你说的有道理，还是等到明天比较好。
4、For example, it mentioned that the zipper was invented by Whitcom Judson in 1893.比如他提到拉链是在1893年，由惠特科姆.贾德森发明的。
mention动词，“提到，说到”，其后可接that引导的宾语从句。
◆He mentioned that the food was invented by a Chinese.他提到这种食物是由一个中国人发明的。
拓展：mention的其他搭配
①mention sb/sth (to do)向某人提起某事/某人
◆Don’t mention it before the children.不要在孩子面前提及此事
②mention doing sth提到做某事
◆Whenever I mention having dinner together, he says he is too busy.无论何时，我一提起一块儿吃顿饭，他就说太忙。
5、Did you know that tea, the most popular drink in the world (after water), was invented by accident?你知道茶这种世界上最受欢迎的饮料（仅次于水），是偶然被发明的吗？
(1)本句是一个复合句，主句是did you know, that引导的是一个宾语从句，其中从句的主语时tea，而the most popular drink in the world(after water)是tea的同位语。
（2）by accident意为“偶然；意外地”
◆He met Tom by accident.他偶然遇到了汤姆。
6、 It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.据说有一位叫神农的中国统治者最早发现了茶可以引用。
（1）It is said that表示“据说.......”，其中it是形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。
◆It is said that he is a travel writer.
拓展：其他常见it is......that
It is believed that据认为......
It is reported that据报道......
It is known that众所周知......
It is supposed that据推测.......
（2）ruler名词，意为“统治者；支配者”
◆A king is a ruler.国王是统治者。
7、Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time.一株茶树上的几片叶子落到水里，并停留了一段时间。
(1)fall into落入，掉入
◆He was drunk and fell into the water.他喝醉了，跌落到水中。
拓展:与fall相关的其他短语：
fall asleep入睡
fall down倒下，落下
fall off跌落，从......掉下来
fall in love with爱上
fall over被......绊倒
(2)remain此处用作不及物动词，“停留，逗留，剩余”
◆How long will you remain here?你要在此地停留多久
拓展：
Remain做连系动词，表示仍然是处于某种状态，保持不变，相当于keep；其后接形容词、名词、分词或介词短语作表语。
◆He is in danger, but he remains calm.尽管处于危险中，但他依然镇定。
8、It produced a nice smell so he tasted the brown water.水里散发出一种怡人的气味，一次他品尝了这样棕色的水。
(1)smell可作不可数名词，也可做可数名词，意为“气味”。用作可数名词时，表示“某一种气味”。
◆This flower hasn’t much smell.这种花的香味不浓。
(2)smell还可做及物动词，意为“闻到；”其后可接名词或代词。
◆These flowers smell very sweet.这些花闻起来很香。
拓展：feel、look、sound、smell、taste被称为感官动词，均可作连系动词，后面接形容词作表语。
◆The cloth feels very soft.这块布料摸起来很柔软。
9、it had become the national drink.它已经变成了全国性的饮料。
national形容词，意为“国家的；全国的；民族的”。其名词形式是nation“国家，民族”；nationality“国籍”
◆The British national flag is red, white, and blue.英国国旗是红、白、蓝三色。
10、The tea trade from China to Western countries took place in the 19th century.中国和西方国家之间的茶叶贸易发生在19世纪。
take place意为“发生；出现”
◆Great changes have taken place since 1976.自1976年以来发生了巨大的变化。
拓展：辨析：take place和happen
take place
表示必然性“发生”或指根据计划或安排“举行”，无被动语态
happen
表示偶然性的没预料到的“发生”，无被动语态
◆The opening of the play will take place tomorrow night.这部剧将于明晚进行首播。
11、Even though many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese are without doubt the ones who best understand the nature of tea.尽管现在许多人了解茶文化，但是中国人无疑是最懂茶的内涵的人。
(1)这是一个多重复合句。even though引导让步状语从句。主句中含有一个定语从句who best understand the nature of tea,修饰前面的先行词ones.
(2)doubt名词，意为“疑惑；疑问”，without doubt意为“毫无疑问；的确”
◆If there is any doubt, you had better make certain.如果有什么疑问，你最好弄清楚。
拓展：doubt做动词，意为“怀疑；不相信”，其后接名词、代词做宾语。
12、The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers were brought to a safe place.突然发生了地震，但幸运的是，村民们被带到了一个安全的地方。
（1）sudden形容词，意为“突然的”
◆There was a sudden change in the weather.
(2)all of a sudden意为“突然；猛地”，相当于副词suddenly
◆He came to us all of a sudden.=He suddenly came to us.他突然朝我们走来。
SectionB 考点知识梳理
1、Potato chips were invented by mistakes.薯片是无意中被发明的
by mistake错误地，无意中
◆Maybe somebody took it by mistake.可能有人错拿了他
2、Basketball is a much-loved and active sport that is enjoyed by many for fun and exercise.篮球是一项备受热爱、充满活力的运动，为了娱乐和锻炼身体，很多人都喜欢打篮球。
Much-loved是一个合成形容词，备受喜爱的，深受爱戴的。
◆People around the world are feeling sorry to the death of the much-loved leader,N elson Mandela.世人都在为这位深受爱戴的领导人，纳尔逊.曼德拉的去世而感到难过。
3、It is over 100years old and is played by more than 100 million people in over 200 countries.
over介词，“多余，超过”，在此相当于more than。
◆There are over one thousand students in the school.，在这所学校有1000多名学生
拓展：over的其他用法：
①over介词，还可意为“在.......上方”，强调正上方不接触，其反义词是under
◆There is a bridge over the river.做河上有座桥
②over用作副词，意为“结束”
◆Class is over.下课
③over相关的词语
over there在那边 go over检查 get over克服 all over the world全世界
over and over again多次;反复的
4、When he was a college teacher, he was asked to think of a game that could be played in the winter.在做大学老师的时候，他被要求想出一种能在冬天进行的运动项目
“Could be play”为含有情态动词的被动语态，其结构为“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”，否定形式为“情态动词+not+be+及物动词的过去分词”
◆All these must be finished in three days.所有的这些必须在30之内完成。
5、Dr.Naismith divided the men in his class into two teams and taught them to play his new game.奈史密斯博士将他班里的男生分成两队，并教他们玩他的新运动项目
divide........into把.........分开；把.........划分为；
◆The teacher divided our class into four groups.老师把我们班分成四个小组.
拓展：divide up分配，分享
◆The children divided up the candy among themselves.孩子们把糖果分了。
6、At the same time, they need to stop the competing team from getting the ball into their own basket.同时他们需要阻止对方的球队抢到球，投进他们自己的篮里。
stop sb from doing sth=prevent sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事。在主动语态中，两者中的from均为省略；但在被动语态中不可省略。
◆No one can stop us carrying out the plan.没有人能阻止我们实施计划。
◆The water must be prevented from being polluted by us.我们必须保护水不受污染。
7、Today, the popularity of basketball has risen around the world , with many young people dreaming of becoming famous players.如今，随着许多年轻人都梦想成为著名的篮球运动员，篮球在世界各地越来越普及。
(1)popularity名词，“受欢迎；普及；流行”，其形容词形式是popular，意为“受欢迎的”。
◆Her books have grown in popularity recently.他的书近来大受欢迎
(2)rise不及物动词，意为“增加，提高，上升，攀升，收起来，站起来”。其过去式过去分词分别为rose和risen.
◆The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳从东方升起，从西方落下
拓展：辨析：rise与raise
rise
“增加，上升，站起来”，是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态
raise
“提高，增加，举起”，是及物动词
◆Meat prices are still rising.肉的价格仍然在上涨
◆The man raised his voice and I heard what he said.那个人提高了嗓音，我听见了他说的话。
(3)句中“with+宾语+现在分词”构成的复合结构作伴随状语。
◆With winter coming on, it’s time to buy warm clothes.冬天来了，是时候买保暖的衣服了。
（4）dream of想象,梦想，相当于dream about
◆They dream of going to college.他们梦想去上大学。
8、Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play, but it has also become a popular sport to watch.篮球不但成为一项人们都能参与的受欢迎的运动，也成为一项人们喜欢观看的运动。
not only......but also“不但，而且”，在应用时要遵循以下三个原则：
①并列原则：not only......but also并列连词，连接两个并列成分，其中also可省略
②主谓一致原则：：not only......but also，连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词在人称和数上要与but also后的主语保持一致
③倒装原则：：not only......but also连接两个并列分句时，not only置于句首，表示强调，其引导的句子要用部分倒装，即将谓语动词的一部分（如情态动词，助动词等），放在主语的前面，而but also后的句子用正常语序。
◆Not only he but also I am interested in pop music.不仅是他，而且我也对流行音乐感兴趣。
◆Not only do I feel good about helping people, but also I get to spend time doing what I love to do.我不仅感到帮助别人很好，而且我开始把时间用在我喜欢做的事情上。
9、Many young people look up to these basketball heroes and want to become like them.许多年轻人崇拜这些篮球英雄，并且想成为像他们那样的人。
(1)look up to钦佩，仰慕
◆We all look up to the learned and modest professor.我们都很尊敬那位博学而又谦逊的教授。
拓展：look up to还可意为“抬头看，仰望”
◆He looked up to the sky and seemed to be thinking.他抬头望向天空，好像在思考着什么。
（2）hero“英雄，男主角”，是可数名词，其复数形式为heroes
◆He is a hero in my heart.在我的心里，她是个英雄。
10、These stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams.这些明星激励着年轻人为了实现他们的梦想而努力奋斗。
(1)encourage动词,“鼓励，激励，支持”，常用结构encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事.
◆Parents should encourage children to do things by themselves.父母应该鼓励孩子独立从事独立做事。
(2)achieve及物动词，意为“实现，完成”
◆He could not achieve his goal.他未能实现他的目标
拓展：辨析achieve与come true
achieve
“实现完成”，主语通常是人
come true
“实现”，主语通常是梦想等
◆I believe I can achieve my dream.我相信我能实现我的梦想。
◆I hope my dream will come true.我希望我的梦想会实现。


知识能力提升训练
一、单项选择(15分)
1．(1分)—What do you think of the latest documentary Amazing China?
—It's wonderful. Millions of families ____ by it during that time.
     A.attracted      B.are attracted
     C.were attracted      D.were attracting
2．(1分)—Michael Jackson was called the king of pop, wasn't he?
—Of course. He ____ by people all over the world.
     A.was looked up      B.was looked up to
     C.looked up      D.looked up to
3．(1分)About ____ of the land ____ covered with trees and grass.
     A.three fifths; are      B.three fifths; is
     C.three fifth; are      D.third fifths; is
4．(1分)There ____ a number of teachers in our school and the number of men teachers ____ 168.
     A.is; is      B.is; are      C.are; is      D.are; are
5．(1分)—Do you know ____ in ancient China?
—I have no idea. But I know people once used tree leaves to make paper.
     A.how paper was made      B.how was paper made
     C.what paper was made      D.what was paper made
6．(1分)____ the teachers in their school ____ about 200 and one fourth of them ____ ____ teachers.
     A.A number of; are; are; women      B.A number of; is; is; woman
     C.The number of; is; are; women      D.The number of; are; is; woman
7．(1分)The number of deer, mountain lions and wild roses ____ much if people leave things ____ they are.
     A.doesn't change; as      B.aren't changed; like
     C.don't change; like      D.don't change; as
8．(1分)Franklin ____ electricity, and Edison ____ the light bulb.
     A.discovered; discovered      B.invented; invented
     C.discovered; invented      D.invented; discovered
9．(1分)He is the first person ____ a robot. The robot changed his life ____ in many ways.
     A.to own; too much      B.own; too much
     C.to own; too many      D.own; too many
10．(1分)—Dear, please get some fruit before it ____.
—OK, I'll go to the supermarket at once.
     A.runs out      B.is run out
     C.is running out      D.will be run out
11．(1分)____ fans have voted online ____ favourite songs.
     A.Two thousands; for their      B.Thousands of; for their
     C.Two thousand; for them      D.Thousand of; for them
12．(1分)____ concerts are never quite the same on the small screen.
     A.Lively      B.Alive      C.Living      D.Live
13．(1分)Now, Mum ____ to ____ fish with a long knife bought from Germany.
     A.is used; cut      B.used; cutting
     C.is used; cutting      D.used; cut
14．(1分)—There was hardly anything left after the eathquake, ____?
—____. People had to rebuild their houses.
     A.wasn't there; Yes      B.was there; No
     C.wasn't there; No      D.was there; Yes
15．(1分)Jane was seen ____ the white building two hours ago.
     A.enter      B.entered      C.enters      D.to enter

二、完形填空(6分)
16．(6分)     The earliest maps were probably drawn in the Middle East. Some of these maps have   1   and they show us the people at that time thought the earth flat (平的). As time went by, the pictures became more detailed and maps were more correctly made. Later on, ancient Greeks used their   2   of math and science to make maps. Greek maps tell us the Greeks knew the world was round.
     From simple pictures, map making has turned into a science. Maps are made by surveying land. In the 1900s, people around the world started to share information to make better maps. With the help of the photographs taken from the sky and space, maps are now more   3   made than ever. Since the world is always changing, we will always need new maps.
     There are many types of maps, but almost all use   4   and pictures to   5   what a place is like when the map is made. A map usually tells what the pictures   6  . Some maps may show the whole world. A road map will help you know the distance from one place to another. Other maps may use pictures to show the temperature and population in different places.
      (1)A.explained B.apologized C.survived D.complained
      (2)A.knowledge B.energy C.challenge D.technology
      (3)A.quickly B.carelessly C.simply D.exactly
      (4)A.sounds B.methods C.words D.ideas
      (5)A.process B.describe C.pretend D.translate
      (6)A.stand for B.after all C.used to D.search for

三、短文填空(10分)
17．(10分)阅读短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示在空格处填入一个形式正确的单词。
     Artificial intelligence (AI) (人工智能) is the ability of a computer program or a machine to think and learn. It is a       a field of study that tries to make computers "smart". John McCarthy, a scientist, c       up with the name "artificial intelligence" in 1955. Many things such as learning and problem s       can be done by computers, though not in the same way as we do.
     An unusual goal of AI research is to create computer programs that can learn, solve problems, and think logically (逻辑地). At present we use the term AI for s          understanding human speech, recognizing human faces, operating self-driving cars and competing in some game systems like Chess and AlphGo (阿尔法狗). Some people also consider AI a danger to humans i       it develops too quickly. Professor Stephen Hawking, a well-known British scientist, was not for this kind of technology.
     Math is the basic language of AI. If we r       the standard in the learning of math, our students will be more likely to become successful AI designers in the future. We not only want bright students, but also need to attract average students and give them the math skills which are needed to change them i       AI designers. Besides, a good k        of computer science is also necessary for AI designing.
     Scientists hope to create c        and emotional AI which can possibly understand human feelings or create art. Many ways and tools have been tried to d        this fascinating field.

四、阅读理解(20分)
18．(5分)     DNA is the whole "map" of the human body. It is something that all human have, and it tells the body what to do. DNA is the reason that we look like our parents, because we get some of their DNA to make our own.
     People have been trying to understand the human body for a long time. In 1860, Mr. Mendel discovered why we look the same as other people in our family. It is because of small things called "genes" (基因) in our body. In 1953, two scientists, Watson and Crick, found out that those small parts are really messages. They're written in the DNA with a special language.
     In 1961, another two scientists found the first "word" that they could understand in that language. It shows how DNA tells the cell (细胞) to build its parts. So far, scientists have found all the words in the DNA map, but we still do not understand what they all do. By understanding what just one "word" means, we can help to save people from several illnesses. So the more we understand, the more doctors will be able to do.
     Most people hope that this will help to make better medicine and help sick people. Other people worry that when we learn more "words" and find out more information, we will use it in the wrong way, just to make people more attractive (吸引人的), or stop sick people getting jobs.
(1)What did the two scientists find in 1961? They found ____.
          A.all the words in the DNA map
          B.small things called "genes" in our body
          C.the first "word" they could understand in that language
          D.those small parts are written in the DNA with a special language
(2)Which one is not true according to the article?
          A.We look like our parents because of "genes" in our body.
          B.We have understood what all the words in the DNA map do.
          C.DNA is the whole "map" of the human body.
          D.DNA tells the cell to build its parts.
(3)What do people think about this research about DNA?
          A.It can be only bad.
          B.It can be only good.
          C.It can be good but won't work.
          D.It can be good and bad.
(4)How can we help sick people if we understand more "words" in the DNA map?
          A.Make better medicine.           B.Make them get jobs.
          C.Make maps for them.           D.Make them attractive.
19．(5分)     On April 2, we said goodbye to TiangongⅠ, China's first space lab. According to the China Manned Space Agency (中国载人航天), TiangongⅠre-entered the Earth's atmosphere (大气层) and some of its debris (碎片) fell into the South Pacific Ocean.
     There are many spacecraft (宇宙飞船) that are still in orbit (轨道) above the Earth. After finishing their trips, they will all re-enter the Earth's atmosphere like TiangongⅠ.
     There are two types of re-entries: controlled re-entry and uncontrolled re-entry.
     Some satellites and manned spacecraft come back to the Earth in a controlled re-entry. Experts calculate (计算) the path of the falling spacecraft and its speed. They can guide the spacecraft to fall in a chosen area.
     Some spacecraft may have problems while in space after a certain amount of time. These spacecraft come back in an uncontrolled re-entry. It is hard to tell when and where these spacecraft will fall until the last few hours. The US space station Skylab came back partially uncontrolled in 1979. Parts of the station fell in western Australia, but no one was hurt.
     During re-entry, most of the spacecraft will burn up while passing through the Earth's atmosphere. Only a small amount of the debris will reach the ground. The debris typically ends up falling into the ocean, China Daily reported.
(1)The debris from TiangongⅠ____.
          A.fell into the South Pacific Ocean
          B.fell in western Australia
          C.fell in the central part of the US
          D.fell into the North Pacific Ocean
(2)When the spacecraft finishes its trip, it will ____.
          A.burn up and disappear
          B.speed up and fly back to the Earth
          C.enter another orbit and stay in space
          D.re-enter the Earth's atmosphere
(3)From the passage, we know there are ____ types of re-entries.
          A.one           B.two           C.three           D.four
(4)Which of the following is TRUE about the US space station Skylab?
          A.It came back in a controlled re-entry.
          B.Some people were hurt by its debris.
          C.Parts of it fell in western Australia.
          D.It was directed to fall into the ocean.
(5)This story most probably comes from ____.
          A.a story book            B.a movie review
          C.a science magazine           D.a government report
20．(5分)

     A 15-year-old student who invented a flashlight (手电筒) getting power from the holder's body heat is going home today from California with a big prize and a chance to do further research.
     Ann Makosinski was the only Canadian among the four winners at Google's international science competition. Thousands of young scientists from around the world took part in the competition.
     Winning the science and technology competition was "a surprise". Ann said, "I think it will have a great influence on my future."
     Ann thanked her family for encouraging her interest in science and said that her first toy was a box of transistors (晶体管).
     Ann's prize includes $25,000 and a "once in a lifetime experience" from Google for her Hollow Flashlight, which has no moving parts or batteries.
     The idea for the invention came from seeing unwanted batteries and her friend's experience. When Ann visited a friend in the Philippines, she saw the friend couldn't study when it became dark because there was no electricity or light. She saw the need for a flashlight that has no batteries — Hollow Flashlight.
     In her project, Ann wrote "I made two flashlights that do not use any batteries or harmful materials. They do not create any noise and will always work. The flashlight needs at least a 5℃ temperature difference between the holder's body and the environment around to produce light."
     A video of Ann explaining how she created the flashlight has been watched more than 1.4 million times on the Internet.
     Though Ann was successful, she has not made a decision about her career path. Ann hopes that she can find a way to join her love of film and science together.
     The four winners were chosen from 15 final competitors from eight countries. The competition attracted thousands of students in 120 countries.
(1)In which part of a newspaper can we probably read this passage?
          A.Travel.           B.Culture.           C.Technology.           D.Advertisement.
(2)The first paragraph is written to be a(n) ____.
          A.introduction           B.warning           C.argument           D.discussion
(3)Paragraph 6 mainly tells us ____.
          A.what Ann saw in the Philippines
          B.why Ann invented Hollow Flashlight
          C.how Ann's family encouraged her interest
          D.what prize Ann got for Hollow Flashlight
(4)According to the passage, we learn ____.
          A.it is easy to win the international science competition
          B.Hollow Flashlight is safe, noiseless and can save energy
          C.Ann has made a decision to be a scientist in the future
          D.few people are interested in how Ann created the flashlight
21．(5分)     "Make-A-Wish"  is one of the world's most well-known charities (慈善机构). It makes wishes come true for children who have serious illnesses. It gives them hope and joy and helps them forget about their health problems and have fun.
     It all started in 1980 in Phoenix, Arizona. Christopher was a 7-year-old boy who was very sick. He always dreamed of becoming a police officer. Tommy Austin and Ron Cox, two police officers , made his wish come true. They gave Christopher a tour of the city in a police helicopter (直升飞机) and made a real police uniform (制服) for him.
     There are four kinds of wishes children usually have:
     I wish to go. Children usually want to travel or go to a concert, a game or a park.
     I wish to meet. Children sometimes want to meet their favorite actors, singers or players.
     I wish to be. Some children wish to become actors, singers or police officers.
     I wish to have. They often want to have a computer, a game, a bike or many other things.
     Let's hope more wishes will come true in the future. People who work in the charity always try for the best .Almost 25,000 volunteers (志愿者) help, work or give money. Will you be one of them?
(1)"Make-A-Wish" is a charity to help ____.
          A.sick children           B.serious officers
          C.famous actors           D.popular singers
(2)What did the two police officers do for Christopher?
          A.They give him a computer.
          B.They give him a tour of the city.
          C.They took him to a concert.
          D.They took him to the hospital.
(3)Which kind of wishes does Christopher have?
          A.I wish to go.           B.I wish to meet.
          C.I wish to be.           D.I wish to have.
(4)The purpose of the last paragraph is to ____.
          A.explain what "Make-A-Wish" is
          B.encourage more people to join the charity
          C.tell us how Christopher's wish came true
          D.introduce different kinds of children's wishes
(5)Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
          A.Sick children just wish to get well.
          B.Christopher and Tommy are two officers
          C.A few people are working for Make-A-Wish".
          D."Make-A-Wish" has a history of over 30 years.
五、任务型阅读(10分)
22．(5分)     Do elderly couple really look similar? You have probably seem it before—Two elderly people walking hand in hand down the street and looking very much like each other. They look really similar, so they even could be brother and sister.
     It's strange, but scientists say it's true that people who live together for many years would look alike. How scientists proved it? In a study, scientists found young couples only showed similarity by chance. However, elderly couples were very likely to look like each other. The similarity could be very subtle and could be found in wrinkles, furrows, etc. Besides, some couples look far more alike than other people.
     The scientists thought of several possible reasons.
     1. Diet. "We are what we eat." If both parents eat a high fat diet, they will have fat faces. However, the scientists ruled this out using another small study.
     2. Environment. The environmental factors such as sunshine and wind affect the skin in similar ways. Elderly couples live together in the same area for a long time. The scientists ruled this possibility out as well.
     3. Empathy (同感, 共鸣). This is the theory (理论) the scientists believe in. Couples grow to look similar because they are empathizing with each other. They copy each other's facial (面部的) expressions. For example, if one partner often smiles in a certain way, the other is likely to copy it. In this way, their faces share similar wrinkles and furrows. However, some people still don't believe in the "empathy" theory.
根据上文短文的内容填空。
(1)It's true that elderly couples looked             that                          .
(2)Young couples only showed          by chance, but elderly couples were very likely                 .
(3)            reasons are thought of by scientists that some couples look far more alike than other couples. The similarity                and found in wrinkles, furrows, etc.
(4)If both the husband and the wife               their faces will       .
(5)Because of                 , elderly couples have the similar skin and they have the similar       , because they are empathizing with each other.
23．(5分)阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
A History of English...in Five Words
     In 1582, Richard Mulcaster, headmaster of a British school, wrote that the English would not go beyond their island. However, it didn't stay that way. Today, English is spoken all over the world.
     English is a colorful and diverse (多样的) language that long has picked up words from many other languages. Here are five words that show the English language's interesting history.
English
     English began in the language spoken by the early Germanic people in the fifth century AD. It is from them that the word "English" comes. First it is the Latin word "Angli" which means the people of Angul, where the Germanic people were from.
Beef
     Although roast beef is seen as a traditional English dish, the word "beef" was introduced from the French boeuf during the Middle Ages. It was one of a group of words, including pork and mutton, that were taken from the speech of the French who moved in Britain following the Norman Conquest (诺曼底登陆) of 1066. However, the farmers who kept these living things continued to call them by their old English names: cow, pig and sheep. This difference passes on till today.
Dictionary
     Dictionary is a borrowing from Latin dictornarius liber, "book of words". It first appeared in English in the 6th century, along with a huge number of other words from Latin and Greek. The first English dictionary was written by Robert Cawdrey in 1604. Cawdrey focused only on the difficult words whose meanings would have caused problems for those not educated in Latin and Greek.
Tea
     Tea was brought into Britain early in the 17th century, becoming very popular by the 1650s. By the 18th century it had become a symbol (标志) of fashionable society and a best-selling of the coffee house culture. The word tea rises from the Chinese word cha. A love of tea is so ingrained (根深蒂固的) in British life that the expression "cup of tea" has come to stand for anything viewed positively. The saying "It's not my cup of tea." means: I don't like it.
Emoji
     Emoji began developing in Japan in the 1990s for use by teenagers: the word "emoji" comes from the Japanese e-"picture+moji" letter. Its successful acceptance in English has been helped by its similarity to words with the e-prefix (前缀) like e-mail. The Unicode Consortium's (统一码联盟的) official lists emojis and their meanings, but users keep finding creative new ways to employ them. Emojis are just another example of the development and diversity of English.
(1)What language is the word "beef" from?
(2)Who wrote the first English dictionary?
(3)What does "it's not my cup of tea" mean?
(4)Why is the word "emoji" successfully accepted in English?
(5)What makes English a colorful and diverse language?

六、七选五(10分)
24．(5分)     In the middle of my home country there are very large places. They are hot and dry land called deserts.   1   Families live a long way from other people. Sometimes they are the only people for thousands of kilometers.   2  
     About 65 years ago these people found that using strong radios was a possible way for families living far away to communicate with each other. They decided they could use the radios for school. In this way, children could talk to each other like at school.   3  
     The children each spent about 30 minutes a day on the radio. They talked to their teacher about their work and difficulties. The teacher designed some exercises and tasks based on what they learned and posted them to the children. After finishing their work, the children sent it back to their teacher to mark.   4   He tried to visit each child twice each year. This was sometimes difficult. The journey was very long and could be dangerous. In addition. the school held camps once a year. The children could all meet each other and shared their learning experience.
       5   The government provides families with computers so that the children can use the Internet to talk to their teachers and classmates by e-mail now. The teachers enjoy their work very much because they get to know the children and their families very well. It is an interesting way to learn, don't you think?
     A.The teacher also travelled around the country.
     B.All over the deserts are farms and small towns.
     C.This was how the first "School of the Air" started.
     D.These families' children cannot go to school like you.
     E.With the development of technology, computers are becoming popular.
25．(5分)     Chinese space lover Wang Yuan has been chosen as one of the volunteers for the Mars-500 test project.   1   Another five volunteers are all space lovers. They are three Russians, an Italy-Colombian and a Frenchman. They will feel what it's like to travel to Mars without leaving the earth. During the whole process (过程), they are locked up for one and a half years under the condition which is similar to the red planet. So the experiment is called Mars-500.
       2   Although the volunteers won't leave the building, they will feel as if (好像) they are on a real trip to Mars. The most difficult thing is that they will be separated from the people outside.   3  
     That will be hard. When reporters asked what they would miss most during the 500-day special life, Charles from France said, "For me, it will be mainly my family, the sun and fresh air."
     The main task is to study "Man and Environment". It will care about the astronauts' physical effects and the experience of staying there.
       4   So they will have to make decisions by themselves and then report to the earth, and the earth will tell them whether they do the right thing or not.
       5  
     A.Everyone will stay and work there alone.
     B.For 18 months, they won't see sunsets or sunrises.
     C.The Mars-500 test will be in a special building in Moscow.
     D.He was very happy to be chosen and will accept the challenge.
     E.Each astronaut is preparing for the great challenge.

七、选词填空(10分)
26．(10分)根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文内容完整、通顺。每词限用一次。
such, and, no, final, pay, from, add, five, they, secret
     Our grandparents seem to have magic powers sometimes. Give them a Chinese lunar calendar they will know what the weather will be like days or even months later.
     What's the ? They are following the 24 Solar Terms (节气), which are an important part of Chinese culture. Last year the United Nations it to the list of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (人类非物质文化遗产).
     The 24 Solar Terms began during the ancient periods. At that time, most Chinese people made living on farms. So weather changes were important for them. But of course, they had weather report or Internet to help them.
     But people found a way. They studied the sun's movement and also attention to other natural changes as air temperature, water and plant growth. , they worked out the 24 Solar Terms to mark the changes.
     The terms became their guide to farming work. For example, the solar term jingzhe (惊蛰) is when insects wake up a long sleep in the cold winter. Farmers take it as a sign of warm weather and get busy working.
     The 24 Solar Terms is regarded as China's great invention, after papermaking, printing, the compass and gunpowder. Now, it is still widely used in daily life even in the age of technology-based modern farming.

八、填空题(20分)
27．(10分)预习课文，完成句子
(1)马铃薯片是无意中被发明的。
Potato chips were invented .
(2)顾客认为土豆不够薄。
The customer thought the potatoes were not .
(3)在200多个国家中，超过一亿人打（篮球）。
by 100 million people in over 200 countries.
(4)人们认为，历史上的首次篮球赛是在1891年12月21日举行的。
  that the first basketball game in history was played on December 21, 1891.
(5)现在，篮球在世界范围内的普及程度得到提升。
Today, the popularity of basketball around the world.
28．(10分)改写句子：按括号中的要求完成改写后的句子，每空一词。
(1)Alice does the shopping on Sundays.  (改为否定句)
Alice the shopping on Sundays.
(2)He spent a whole morning cleaning the room.  (就划线部分提问)
he  cleaning the room?
(3)"Did you sleep well last night?" David asked her.  (改为复合句，句意不变)
David asked  her well last night.
(4)The foreigners want to know how they can learn Chinese Kong fu well.  (改写句子，句意不变)
The foreigners want to know learn Chinese Kong fu well.
(5)There were not any telephone calls made in English between the two countries years ago.  (改写句子，句意不变)
 the telephone calls in English the two countries years ago.
(6)Before talking, he told me his name and I told him my name.  (改写句子，句意不变)
We  before talking.

九、单词拼写(10分)
29．(10分)根据下列句子及所给的首字母，在答题纸上按题号写出各单词的正确、完全形式（每空填一词）。
1. Good morning, boys and g . Let's begin our class.
2. I'm a of snakes because I think they are dangerous.
3. I'm going to Tom's birthday p  next Monday.
4. A rose (玫瑰) is a f  that has a good smell.
5. Mother w me up at 6 o'clock yesterday morning and told me it was time to get up.
6. Fifty and fifty is one h .
7. The telephone was i by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876, that is, he was the first person to makethe telephone.
8. All the students are studying at school e Tom, who is ill at home.
9. —W bag is this?
    —It's mine.
10. Dr. Naismith d the men in his class into two teams and taught them to play basketball.

十、书面表达(15分)
30．(15分)       根据要求完成下列短文写作。词数：60~80词左右。
     科技的进步让我们的生活发生了巨大变化，人与人之间的交流方式也日新月异。现在有很多同学的日常生活离不开微信（WeChat），请结合自己的感受谈谈微信的好处和害处。